Chapter 22 21. The revolutionary cause is surging

When Kang and Liang of the Constitutional Monarchy went into exile in Tokyo, their momentum was never weaker than that of the Revolutionary Party. The royalists also regarded it as treasonous. At that time, Mr. Sun Yat-sen hoped very much to draw Kang and Liang together to oppose the Qing court.He once had contact with Liang Qichao, but Liang Yiwei could not make a decision, while Kang Youwei still aimed to support his "holy master", and in the end the two sides could not reach an agreement.The next best thing was to try to attract Yang Du, but Yang introduced his fellow countryman Huang Xing to Mr. Sun Yat-sen. At that time, the revolutionary group led by Mr. Sun Yat-sen was called "Xingzhonghui". Organize the "Huaxing Club".Sun and Huang hit it off right away, and their political stances were exactly the same, so they merged the Xingzhonghui and Huaxinghui into the "Tongmenghui", and absorbed Zhang Binglin (named Taiyan)'s "Recoveryhui".The Restoration Association is an anti-Manchu secret organization in the education circle in Shanghai. It was established in the 30th year of Guangxu (1904). The participants include: Cai Yuanpei, Tao Chengzhang, Zhang Binglin, Wu Jingheng, Xu Xilin, Ma Zonghan, Chen Boping, Qiu Jin, etc.

On June 28, Guangxu 31 (July 30, 1905), the Chinese League held a preparatory meeting at the Black Dragon Clubhouse in Hinocho, Akasaka District, Tokyo. Participants were: Mr. Sun Yat-sen, Huang Xing, Zhang Ji, Chen Tianhua, Song More than 70 people including Jiaoren, Feng Ziyou, Ju Zheng, Dan Tao, Ma Junwu, Deng Jiayan, Huang Fusheng, Zhu Zhixin, Gu Yingfen, Miyazaki Tozo, and Uchida Ryoping passed the outline of the Tongmenghui: "Expel the Tartars, restore China, and create The Republic of China, the equalization of land rights." On the afternoon of July 20 (August 20), the Tongmenghui officially held its inaugural meeting at the Kinami Mansion in Sakamoto, Lingnan, Akasaka District, Tokyo. , (1) Deacon Department, (2) Appraisal Department, (3) Justice Department.Huang Xing, the person in charge of the deacon department, is like an assistant.Wang Jingwei, Chairman of the Evaluation Department.Deng Jiayan, chief judge of the Ministry of Justice.The leaders of party affairs in each province are: Zhang Ji from Zhili, Xu Jingxin and Ding Weifen from Shandong, Wang Yinfan and Rong Futong from Shanxi, Gu Sishen and Kang Baozhong from Shaanxi, Wu Chunyang, Gao Yinzao, and Sun Yuyun from Anhui, Gao Jiangong, Chen Jianhong, Zhang Zi from Jiangsu, Qiu Jin from Zhejiang, Shi Gong from Hubei Nine, Zhang Fang, Chen Zhenfan, Hunan Huang Xing, Qiu Shikuang, Song Jiaoren, Sichuan Huang Fusheng, Dong Xiuwu, Yunnan Lu Tianmin, Guizhou Yu Dekun, Ping Gang, Henan Du Qian, Zhu Bingqi, Fujian Lin Shishuang, Jiangxi Zhang Shiying, Zhong Zhenchuan, Liu Jue and Lu Ruyi from Guangxi, Hu Yisheng and He Gongbo from Guangdong, Hu Hanmin from Nanyang, Cai Yuanpei from Shanghai, Liao Zhongkai from Tianjin, Feng Ziyou, Li Zizhong and Xie Yingbo from Hong Kong.After the establishment of the Tongmenghui, it compiled revolutionary strategies, planned uprisings across the country, and drafted military government declarations, army shrinkage, conditions for recruiting and surrendering the Qing army, siege of cities and territories, various methods and foreign declarations for hoarding food and peace for the people, etc.

At the same time that the Tongmenghui was established, the comrades decided to establish "Minbao" in Akasaka, Tokyo, at the Sakamoto Kinyaku mansion, with the purpose of propagating revolutionary theory and clarifying the Three People's Principles, in order to oppose the "Xinmin Congbao" run by the leader of the Constitutional Party Liang Qichao in Yokohama.Liang Qichao's articles have a charming magic power, he can turn white into black. "Xinminye Daily" advocates constitutionalism, and its position is exactly the opposite of the revolutionary party's thinking. After the publication of "Minbao", the revolutionary theory has been systematically understood by the world.It was published on October 30, Guangxu 31 (November 26, 1905) at 2-chome 8, Shin-Ogawa Town, Ushigome District, Tokyo. The contributors are: Hu Hanmin, Wang Jingwei, Zhu Zhixin, Song Jiaoren, and Zhang After serving as editor, the sixth issue was changed to be edited by Zhang Binglin.When "Min Bao" was published, Zhang was still imprisoned in Shanghai for reporting a case against the Soviet Union. In the 32nd year of Guangxu (1906), he was released from prison and went east to take over "Min Bao".

After the first issue of "Minbo" was published, it coincided with Japan's Ministry of Education promulgating rules to ban foreign students.At that time, the foreign students were extremely angry, and more than 8,000 people went on strike. The foreign students were divided into two factions: one group was Qiu Jin of the Federation of Overseas Students in Japan, etc., who advocated all returning to China, and was a radical faction; the other group was Wang Jingwei, who maintained the association and advocated continuing Studying abroad is a peaceful school.At the same time, it is also said that the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs paid Mr. Sun Yat-sen 6,000 yuan to force him to leave Yokohama.This kind of oppression drove Chen Tianhua, an outstanding revolutionary, to write a suicide note and a letter to the officers of the International Student Association, and then threw himself into the sea to die in the line of duty.Chen Tianhua's suicide delayed the publication of the second issue of "Minbao", but because of this trend, Japan's ban on foreign students was still born.

The opening speech of "Minbao" was written by Mr. Sun Yat-sen himself. The last paragraph of the speech said: "Among a group of husbands, there are a few with the best mentality, who can guide them to make progress, and adapt the most suitable governance method to our group. , The progress of our group is to adapt to the world. This is the vocation of the foresight, and what I have done in "Minbao". It is a very innovative theory, and its ideals are instilled in people's hearts and turned into common sense, so they can be implemented. It’s also near, and I’m looking forward to it at the birth of Min Pao.” In addition, Hu Hanmin announced six principles in “Min Pao”: (1) overthrow the current bad government; (2) build a republican government; (3) state-owned land (4) to maintain the real peace of the world; (5) to advocate the national unity of China and Japan; (6) to ask all countries in the world to support China's innovative cause.Of the six principles, the first three are internal, and the last three are external.

After the publication of "Min Bao", it was very fiercely opposed to "Xin Min Cong Bao". The third issue of "Min Bao" was also issued as an extra issue, and published "The Outline of Refutation between Min Bao and Xin Min Cong Bao", a total of 12 articles.Because "Xinmin Congbao" believed that the royalist constitutional party was a political revolution, while the Tongmenghui was a racial revolution, "Minbao" filed a lawsuit against "Xinmin Congbao". During this period, Chinese students studying in Tokyo created many publications, such as: "Jiangsu" for Jiangsu students, "Zhejiang Tide" for Zhejiang students, "Han Sheng" for Hubei students, "Study Tour Compilation" for Hunan students, etc.Yang Du also ran a "New China News" advocating "gold and iron doctrine". His speech was neither pro-Tongmenghui nor pro-constitutional monarchy, and appeared completely as a "third force".

In the first year of Xuantong (1909), after the Qing government announced that it was preparing to implement the constitution, the constitutional monarchy faction in Tokyo thought it was a great victory and gained momentum, so they organized a "Zhengwenshe" as a peripheral organization, with Jiang Zhiyou as the president , support Liang Qichao.On September 4th, the members of the Political News Agency held a meeting in the Jinhui Pavilion to advocate "constitutionalization". About 700 to 800 people came to hear the news, and the total number of participants was no less than 1,000.The revolutionary comrades of the Tongmenghui believed that the royalist party was so aggressive that it had to be attacked, so Zhang Ji, Ping Gang, Tao Chengzhang and others invited dozens of people to attend the meeting.Due to the large number of people in the venue on this day, the order was very chaotic, and members of the Political News Society wore red cloth strips as ushers.After ringing the bell to start the meeting, the chairman first reported the purpose of the meeting, and then announced loudly: "Mr. Liang Rengong is invited to make a speech."He said that a constitutional country must have an institution to supervise the government, which is the Congress. The government is like a child who is ignorant.When he spoke, there was applause from time to time.Finally, Liang said: Now that the imperial court has issued an edict to establish a constitution on a regular basis, we should all be happy and enthusiastic.He had just finished speaking, when suddenly a person stood up in the audience, yelled: "Ass", and then called for a beating. This person was none other than Zhang Ji, a member of the revolutionary party.I saw him roll up his sleeves, push away the crowd and rush to the stage.As soon as Liang Qichao heard someone yelling and beating, he couldn't care less about the speech, so he turned back and ran backstage.At this time, another straw sandal flew over from the left side of the pulpit, hitting Zhongliang on the left cheek. The one who threw the straw sandal was an old man wearing glasses.Liang was hit and hurriedly jumped down from the stairs to the pulpit.The venue was chaotic, some shouted for beatings, some shouted for the Revolutionary Party, but Zhang had already seized the podium at this time, the audience applauded and cheered, and in an instant the meeting of the Constitutional Party became a meeting of the Revolutionary Party.Zhang Jixian gave a speech, and then Song Jiaoren came to the stage to talk about the purpose of the Tongmenghui. He said: "The constitutional party is a disguise of the royalist party. They want the emperor. We don't want the emperor. The people are the masters of the country. Liang Qichao) talked about a constitutional monarchy, and our ideal is the Republic of China.”Everyone below applauds enthusiastically.Zhang Ji went on to say: "I am not messing with the political news agency today. I am a little unhappy today, and I want to question Mr. Inuyang Yi. You told Chinese students at Waseda University that China should revolutionize as soon as possible, but why did you do it today?" Go along with the Royalist Party." Inukai Takeshi was questioned, so he had to go on stage to give a speech on constitutional principles, but the final conclusion was in favor of the Chinese revolution.After Inuyang Takeshi finished speaking, the meeting came to an end.

There is an interesting incident. On that day, people from the Constitutional Party used the Japanese pronunciation to call the Revolutionary Party the Kubu Party, which is the Japanese word for "rice". The Japanese police at the meeting couldn't figure out how there could be a "rice party" in China.Later, the revolutionaries also took the rice character to represent revolution. In the 31st year of Guangxu (1905), Ma Fuyi, a leader of Hunan Hui Party, was arrested and killed by Qing officials for his revolutionary activities.Ma Fuyi is a native of Bishuiwan, Xiangtan, Hunan. He is the head of the Buddha Hall of the Samsara Mountain of the Gelaohui. There are more than 10,000 members of the party. Horses join the revolution.Huang Xing once personally visited Ma Yu in the mine cave in the tea garden of Xiangtan. Huang Xing, Liu Kuiyi and Ma Fuyi sat on the ground, killed chickens and buried them in the pit, covered them with firewood, simmered them and ate them, and talked and drank to the sky. dawn.Huang Xing also imitated the Japanese military system, taking the chairman of the Tongqiu Association as the general, Liu Kui as the lieutenant general, and Ma Fuyi as the major general. Years old birthday, an incident occurred in Changsha; at the same time, Yuezhou, Hengzhou, Baoqing, Liuyang, and Changde responded.In the military uprising, in Changsha, students from the Armed Forces School contacted the old and new armies, supplemented by party associations; in other areas, party associations were the mainstay. On the way back, Huang Xing wrote a poem generously. "Because Ma Fuyi joined the revolutionary ranks, no less than 100,000 people joined the Gelaohui one after another.Unfortunately, the news of the revolution in September leaked out, and the uprising failed. With the help of Huang Jiting, a priest of the Anglican Church, Huang Xing narrowly escaped danger and went to Shanghai via Hubei.On February 11th, Guangxu 31, Ma Fuyi was killed in Changsha.After Ma was killed, the revolutionaries held a memorial service in Tokyo, but people from the two lakes continued Ma Fuyi's plan as a formal uprising, using Liling in Liuyang, Hunan, and Pingxiang in Jiangxi as the places of uprising, and entangled the number of insurgents with 30,000 people.At that time, there was a famine in central China. Southern Jiangxi, western Hubei, northern Hunan, southeastern Sichuan, and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River all fell into famine.This uprising was not ordered by the Tokyo headquarters of the Tongmenghui. Mr. Sun Yat-sen and Huang Xing sent Hu Ying, Ning Tiaoyuan, Sun Yuyun, Yang Zhuolin, Duan Shuyun and other comrades to Jiangsu, Anhui, The military circles in the provinces of Jiangxi, Hunan, and Hubei responded with plans.However, due to poor cooperation and lack of confidentiality, all failed.

In the uprising in Pingliuli, most of the uprisings in Pingxiang were coal miners, most of the uprisings in Liling were soldiers from the defense camp, and most of the uprisings in Liuyang were Hongjiang Huidang.About 10,000 people per share, with one share in Liuyang as the main force. On October 22, Guangxu 32 (1906), attacks were launched in Wenjiashi, Niushiling, Nanjieshi, Xixiang, Daguangdong, and Shanglishi, Pingxiang. The Anshanguan uprising army echoed and spread to Liling, Hengshan, and Yichun.Officials in the Soviet Union, Jiangxi, Hunan, and Anhui were greatly shaken, and dispatched a total of 50,000 new troops and reinforcements from various provinces to attack separately.

The strategy of the revolutionary uprising army is basically divided into three routes: one is based on Liuyang and Liling, and is waiting to attack Xiangyuan; the other is based on the Anyuan mine road in Pingxiang; Enterprising Jiangnan.It is a pity that most of the uprising troops, especially those leaders, were leaders of the party and had no military knowledge. Therefore, although they could defeat the Qing army when they attacked, they could not occupy the county. Although they were good at marksmanship, they had no military knowledge.The dates for the launch of the three routes are also inconsistent, forming a chaotic phenomenon where each is doing its own thing and fighting each other.Some claimed to be the "Empire of China" and claimed to "reserve the seat of the emperor for people with great achievements", while others hung up the signboard of the "Republic of China".

The most regrettable thing is that many of the Jiangnan New Army led by Xu Shaozhen of the Qing Army had revolutionary ideas, such as Zhao Sheng and Ni Yingdian, who volunteered to serve the Revolutionary Army secretly. However, the Revolutionary Army was untrained and unorganized. The revolutionary army has no way to find out.At the beginning of the revolutionary uprising, more than 30,000 people gathered in a few days and spread to several counties. The momentum was not small, but because there was no organization and no leader, after the uprising, they could only defend the three counties of Ping, Liu and Li and could not attack. , while the Qing court dispatched recruits from Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang, and elite soldiers from Duanfang, governor of Liangjiang.The scale of the uprising was unprecedented, and the heavy sacrifice of the revolutionaries was also unprecedented. The revolutionary army of the Ping Liuli Uprising failed due to inexperience, lack of organization, and lack of understanding of grand strategy. However, they all had a new set of tactics that enabled them to be very successful on the battlefield.They seldom fought regular battles. They hid during the day and then moved at night. They planted a flag in the middle of the forest and planted a streamer in the west to lure the Qing army. When the Qing army came to attack, the revolutionary army surrounded them from both wings.Killed the Qing army without caring about the head and the tail.At the same time, because both Liuyang and Liling produced a large number of firecrackers, the revolutionary army invented a new tactic, which was to put firecrackers in foreign fuel tanks and light them on dark and windy nights. The small firecrackers were like rifles. The sound of big firecrackers rumbling like cannons, this made the sky full of gods and Buddhas, it was really turbulent, and the grass and trees were like soldiers. They proudly called this tactic "confusing" and "suspicious soldiers".Although their uprising failed this time, this new tactic was used by Cai E in the later period of defending the country against Yuan and won a big victory. The Revolutionary Army once distributed two "Uprising Manifesto", one is "Chinese National Army Uprising Manifesto", and the other is "New Chinese Great Empire Southern Uprising Restoration Army Announcement to the World". "The Uprising of the Chinese National Army" was issued by Gong Gong, the governor of the revolutionary vanguard of the Southern Army of the National Army. In the article, Zeng Guofan and Hu Linyi were accused of being traitors.The article said: "... Zeng Guofan, Hu Linyi, etc. did not understand the righteousness, did not understand the boundaries of the species, recognized the thief as the father, and called the thief the king. They exhausted the Hunan army and killed themselves. Pollution, imitating Hengyue's admiration, can't be compared to it. I, Xiang people, have nothing to do to the world. Today, I draw a clear line between the species, and I am a teacher who punishes crimes. I will lead the children of Sanxiang to be the first in the world, and I want to be ashamed. , to serve as pioneers.... Therefore, if the Tartars are not wiped out, that is, if the sovereignty is not recovered, the Han people will not survive. Now that the government has been established, the Han people will improvise, and the Tartars are full of crimes. Heaven will not bless us. Therefore, it is advisable for each to perform his duty, to encourage each other, to quickly end the orders of the Tartars, and to praise the success of the Republic of China..." As for the revolutionary army called the New Chinese Empire, they did not support an emperor. It said: "... In the past, the emperor of the Song Dynasty added a yellow robe, and it was really time to go out. When a man was born in troubled times, he climbed the dragon's scales and attached a phoenix. The image is on the Lingyan Pavilion and sits in front of the Arc de Triomphe. It’s all about obedience. Even a heroic son, an open-minded young man, should also know that the Tang Dynasty’s dragons flew to Jinyang, and Taizong was considered his heir. Misfortune is a blessing, causing people not being caused by others, don’t be self-deprecating. Mingzu also walked on common people, don’t be afraid of Hulu’s poisonous flames, and Hu Yuan actually crossed Europe and Asia. Husbands are Chinese, Chinese people’s China, not China. China is also the barbarian country. Today, I have made an agreement with my 400 million compatriots: whoever can raise troops to restore a city will be promoted to be the county prince in the future; whoever restores a government will be promoted to be the princess in the future. As for Gongqing, those who are able to advocate righteousness and love our compatriots will be welcomed and loved by our 400 million compatriots. They will be like brothers and sisters, and they will not hesitate to be a family in the future. . . . ” If this proclamation is used to unite the Qing court and Han officials, it is fine, but if it is used as a call, it only embraces nationalism and has no major plans for the country, which seems to be insufficient. After the Pingliuli Uprising, the Tongmenghui in Nanjing hurriedly sent comrades to the Yangtze River area to mobilize new troops, and Sun Yuyun was sent to Nanjing.At that time, his position in the Tongmenghui was second only to Sun and Huang, and Mr. Sun Yat-sen specially hosted a farewell banquet at his apartment in Niugome District.Sun Yuyun was born in Daliushu, Shouzhou, Anhui, and his great-uncle was Sun Jianai, Prime Minister of Shouzhou in the late Qing Dynasty.After he was selected as a scholar, he wanted to be a monk for a while, but was inspired by Wu Yue's plot to assassinate the five ministers. He decided to join the revolution and entrusted his school in Shouzhou to others, and the whole family went to Tokyo to join the Tongmenghui.He was a big spender, and at that time the League was struggling with funding, and most of Sun Yuyun's family wealth was dedicated to the revolution.This Sun Yuyun, who later became one of Hong Xian's six gentlemen, made considerable contributions in the early days of the revolution. At that time, most of the generals of the Nanjing New Army sympathized with the revolution. Sun Yuyun wanted to instigate an uprising of the New Army when he arrived in Nanjing, but he was arrested and sent to death row.Duan Fang, governor of Liangjiang, saw the background of this revolutionary, and knew that he was Sun Xiangguo's junior, so he immediately sent a telegram to Sun Jianai. The next day, Sun Xiangguo replied: "This son is very stubborn, please strictly control him."This kind of tone clearly wanted Duan Fang to "retain people under the knife". At the same time, Yang Du, who was transferred by the constitutional government editorial office, also sent a letter asking Duan Fang to "cherish famous people". "The trick is to ask Sun Yuyun to only talk about political revolution, not about racial revolution.Sun Yuyun is a smart person, according to this principle, his confession is: "The revolution has two sources. One is the political revolution, that is, it does not ask whether the government is Manchu or Han, but only seeks to improve politics, enrich the country and strengthen the army; the other is the racial revolution, led by Sun Wen and Huang Xing. Huang Xing is the Characters who are not afraid of death, they hate Wu Shuai (Duanfang Ziwulou) the most, and want to kill Wu Shuai. Most of Huang Xing's party members are from Hunan, so Wu Shuai should pay special attention to Hunan people. ...... Wu Shuai If you want Kill me, I deserve to die, but it's just for Wu Shuai's plan, the party members can't be punished, and being too involved is not the way to eliminate the catastrophe... I have long wanted to be a monk. If Wu Shuai wants to save me, I will definitely be a monk to the end. Wife and children have nothing to cherish, and no party will ask about it." Because of his confession of "only talking about political revolution, not racial revolution", Duanfang exonerated Sun Yuyun from the crime of treason and was only sentenced to five years in prison, while the accomplices Quan Daohan and Duan Shufang were both sentenced to life imprisonment.Duan Fang's reply to Yang Du was: "Sun Sheng is well-versed in literature and science, and has a noble family background. He should uphold high friendship and seek success in lightness." Although Sun Yuyun was sentenced to five years in prison on the surface, Duanfang actually called him from the prison to study in the garden to give preferential treatment to the son of an old friend.At the same time, Duanfang knew that the new army under him was unreliable, so he carried out a campaign to purge the new army and replaced a large number of officers of the new army who were suspected of revolution. Because of the Nanjing Incident, Sun Yuyun was ashamed of the Revolutionary Party, and later defected to Yuan Shikai. In the second half of his life, he changed from a member of the Revolutionary Party to the Six Gentlemen who supported Hong Xian. What shocked Qing officials the most was the assassination of Enming by Xu Xilin. Xu Xilin, courtesy name Bosun, was born in Shanyin County, Zhejiang Province. When he was 12 years old, he went to Qiantang to become a monk, and he was persuaded by his family to return. He was very intelligent in reading when he was young, and he was a genius in mathematics. He was self-taught in astronomy and geography.As an adult, he went to Japan to study and met Niu Yongjian through Tao Chengzhang's introduction.Niu told Xu about domestic trends and revolutionary theories, and Xilin was deeply moved. After returning to China, he attended Cai Yuanpei's recovery meeting, traveled to various places to entangle comrades, acted like a chivalrous man, and acted extreme.First established the Datong Normal School and Sports Club in Shaoxing City, taught martial arts day and night, and wanted to overthrow the Qing court on the basis of it, and then went to Japan to enroll in the Zhenwu School, but was rejected due to myopia. After returning to China, he was recommended by Hunan Governor Yu Liansan , Appreciated by Anhui governor Enming, he was in charge of Anhui Army Primary School and Patrol Academy with the rank of Taoist.Enming admired Xu Xilin's ability very much, and gave Xu the title of third rank.After the Pingli uprising, it spread to Datong School in eastern Zhejiang.At this time, Datong Academy was presided over by Qiu Jin. Qiu Jin was in a hurry, so he sent Chen Boping to Anqing to report to Xu Xilin. Xu knew that the revolutionary action had been leaked, so he hastily planned the uprising, and planned it on the fifth day of the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907). On the 28th of the month, the day of the graduation ceremony of the Patrol Academy, all officials from the city were invited to the school to observe the ceremony, and then all of them were exhausted.Unexpectedly, Enming changed the 28th to the 26th, which made Xu Xilin, Chen Boping, and Ma Zonghan feel unprepared, but they couldn't postpone it, so they held the graduation ceremony of the Patrol Academy on the 26th.At nine o'clock in the morning, Enming came to the auditorium for roll call, and Xu said, "Return to Commander, there is an uprising by the Revolutionary Party today." , Chen Boping threw a grenade at Enming, but did not fire it, Xu pulled out two pistols from his boots and released them at Enming.En was shot seven times in the body, and was rescued by Zuo Qiang, while other civil and military officials fled amidst the chaos of gunfire.Xu Xilin first ordered the gatekeeper to close the door, but the gatehouse refused to obey, so all the officials had to escape for their lives.Xu Nai led Comrades Chen, Ma Liang, and more than a hundred patrol students to occupy the Ordnance Bureau. They asked the students to open the warehouse to get ammunition, but they failed to cooperate and could not be used.The large gathering of Qing soldiers was surrounded by many people. Feng Yan, the governor of Anhui, showed that if Xu Xilin was captured, he would be rewarded with ten thousand gold.Finally, the Qing soldiers broke into the Ordnance Bureau, captured Xu and Ma Zonghan in the third room, and Chen Boping died in battle.The governor of Liangjiang, Duan Fang, sent a telegram to Feng Yu to order Xu and Ma to be killed.At that time, En Ming was dead, and the En family asked Xu's heart to be sacrificed to En Ming.In this incident, the Qing officials died including En Ming, Gu Song, and Lu Yongyi, the Qing soldiers killed more than a hundred, and the revolutionaries only died of Xu Xilin, Chen Boping, and Ma Zonghan.The Qing officials found several bombs in Xu's residence, one was stamped by the Generalissimo of the Revolutionary Army, and one was issued by the military government of the Restoration Association.Xu Xilin's statement briefly stated: "I am the leader of the Revolutionary Party, a Taoist donator, and I came to Anqing specifically for the platoon. It is a lie to be an official... I have planned to platoon for more than ten years, and today I have achieved my goal. I planned to kill Tieliang again. , Duan Fang, Liang Bi, avenged the Han people, but they were arrested after killing En Ming, which is really unsatisfactory...As for Futai favoring me, it is a personal favor; I killed Futai because I was full of justice ...You kill me, cut my heart open, my hands and feet are broken, and my whole body is broken. Don’t kill students unjustly, I forced them to go. Please." Jianhu heroine Qiu Jin, styled Suiqing, nicknamed Jingxiong, was born in Kuaiji, Zhejiang. She lived at the south gate of Shaoxing Prefecture. She traveled with her father when she was young. At eighteen, she married Wang Tingjun from southern Hunan. She followed her husband to Beijing and had children.Qiu Jin is heroic and masculine, so he and Wang Tingjun live apart because of disagreements. He travels east to Japan, joins the Japanese language seminar at the International Student Association, and devotes himself to the revolution.At that time, there were dozens of secret societies overseas, and Qiu Jin joined almost all of them.Japan promulgates the regulations banning overseas students, Qiu Jin opposes it most fiercely, and wants to form a death squad to return to the country for revolution.After returning to China, Qiu Jin made great efforts to advocate the establishment of Chinese public schools in Shanghai, and founded a "Nvbao".The revolutionary army in Pingxiang was flourishing, and Qiu Jin took charge of Zhejiang affairs, so she returned to Shaoxing and lived in Datong Academy.Later, due to the shortage of people in Datong Academy, Qiu Jin was appointed as the supervisor.On the day of taking over the matter, all the local Manchu and Han officials came to congratulate her. Guifu, the magistrate of Shaoxing, presented Qiu Jin with a couplet, using her alias Jingxiong, and the couplet said: "Compete for the world, crown the earth".Since then, Qiu Jin has been more active in planning the revolution, using the voice of the party to encourage the military academic circles, and in the name of the military academic circles to encourage the party, with the Datong Academy as the center; Take the gold ring as a record; compile Hongmen's subordinates into the Eighth Army, and use the eight characters "recover the Han nationality, revitalize the country" as the eighth army's mark.As far as its power is concerned, it reaches Jinyun in Chuzhou, stretches across the entire Jinhua Prefecture, and extends down to Shengxian County in Shaoxing.The five counties of Jinhua, Lanxi, Wuyi, Yongkang and Pujiang in Jinhua Prefecture are the center.It is planned to start the Jinhua uprising first, and Chuzhou respond, and wait for the Qing troops from Hangzhou to help Jinhua, that is, to use the Shaoxing revolutionary army to cross the river to attack Hangzhou. The military academic circles in Hangzhou echoed it. Jiangxi connects to Anqing.The plan was established, and the regular righteousness ceremony was held on May 26th, and later changed to June 10th.Unexpectedly, in late May, the Wuyi Party case and the Jinhua Party case broke out one after another. At the same time, Xu Xilin revolted in Anqing.When Qiu Jin read the Shanghai newspapers, he knew that Xu Xilin had failed and died, so he sat and wept in his room, helpless.The comrades advised her to take action as soon as possible, kill Guifu first, and occupy Shaoxing. Qiu Jin insisted on staying until June 10, and the students and comrades dispersed one after another seeing that the situation was critical.On the fourth day of June, Qing soldiers came to aid Shaoxing, and then went to Datong Academy, where Qiu Jin was arrested in Neishe, interrogated by Li Zongyue, the magistrate of Shanyin County, and martyred in Xuantingkou, Shaoxing the next day. He was only 31 years old when he died.When he was about to be executed, his last letter was: "Autumn wind and autumn rain worry about killing people". Zhejiang Governor's Yamen issued a notice for the Qiu Jin case: "For the purpose of announcement: According to the Shaoxing female bandit Qiu Jin, colluded with the party, plotted to start an incident, and wanted to seize the riches of the county and the city first, and disturb the law and order. It was found out by the headquarters. , sent troops to capture Qiu Jin, and produced evidence of disobedience and many pieces of guns and horses, and Qiu Jin will be executed." On June 6th, the 33rd year of Guangxu, Duan Fang, governor of Liangjiang, sent a telegram to Zhang Zeng, governor of Zhejiang: "Urgent: Hangzhou Zhang Futai Jian: Chen Mi. Song and telegram. The bandit leader is a female prisoner with as many as 10,000 party members. It is well known. I am astonished. This matter has been illuminated several times by the public candle, and before the bandit and others started the incident, troops were sent to deal with it, and the bandit leader Qiu Jin has been captured. I admire the speed of handling. The case is too serious, and it seems that a brief teleplay is required. Pray for judgment. Afterwards, we will take care of the situation and the confessions of the prisoners, and hope to call at any time for prayer." On October 26th in the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907), the revolutionary army captured Zhennan Pass. Zhennanguan is located in the southwest of Guangxi, an important pass from Guangxi to North Vietnam. Mr. Sun Yat-sen personally commanded this battle.Before deploying this campaign, Huang Mingtang was first sent to Zuozhou in Taiyuan Prefecture, North Vietnam, to contact a Chinese hero who died under the separatist regime. This hero is called Scar Liang.Under the cover of Scar Liang, Huang Mingtang set up a revolutionary organization in Taiyuan Mansion, recruited hundreds of comrades, and at the same time borrowed weapons and ammunition from Scar Liang.After the preliminary preparations were completed, Mr. Sun Yat-sen appointed Wang Heshun as the governor to preside over the attack on Zhennanguan, and at the same time ordered Huang Mingtang to pull his team from Zuozhou to go.Bi and Wang Heshun joined forces.Unexpectedly, Huang Mingtang arrived as scheduled, but Wang Heshun was nowhere to be seen, so Mr. Sun Yat-sen reassigned Huang Mingtang as the governor of Zhennan Pass, Feng Xiang as the commander, Li Youqing as the deputy commander, and He Wu as the detachment leader. People, on the night of October 26, went around the back of Zhennan Pass and sneaked up on it.There are three forts in Zhennanguan. The revolutionary army was roped up to the third fort from the cliffs of Duanjian and roared in. The guards thought they were falling from the sky, so they fled in embarrassment. The revolutionary soldiers chased after each other and captured the second and first forts. According to reports, four sixteen-year-old cannons, ten seven-year-old cannons, and more than 400 rifles were obtained, so the flag of the revolutionary army fluttered and Zhennan was closed. Mr. Sun Yat-sen, together with Huang Xing, Hu Hanmin, Japanese Chi Hengji, and a retired French artillery captain, entered Zhennanguan Fortress on the second night, and made a big reward.It was planned to assemble the troops stationed at Shiwan Dashan for the Battle of Fangcheng to attack Longzhou. Unexpectedly, the troops of Shiwan Dashan could not catch up because of the long distance. In the end, only Huang Mingtang's more than 100 people with lofty ideals were guarding the three forts of Zhennan Pass, while Guangxi Qing The army was led by Lu Rongting, no less than seven or eight hundred people fought against the revolutionary army.The revolutionary army had huge cannons in their hands, and the gunner, the French artillery captain, was in charge of firing the cannons. The bloody battle lasted for seven days and nights. Hundreds of people were killed and injured by the Qing army, while only two were killed by the revolutionary army.Ji Rongting saw that the revolutionary army was very strong, and concluded that Mr. Sun Yat-sen had come to Zhennanguan from Vietnam. He used the method of false surrender to spy on the revolutionary army, and asked for surrender in a personal letter. The letter said: "Although the servants are officers and soldiers of the Qing Dynasty, they are not from Qu Zhi's revenge and selfishness. This time, the king and others are suspicious, and they are not strong enough. But behind the king and others, there is a great hero, Sun Yat-sen, who plans everything. They have been subjected to heavy shelling in recent days. Commander Zhisun came to the battlefield in person. Hope to cast the name of servant Lu Rongting on the King and others who are willing to take him in? I hope to get a firm message, and I will definitely go there. Tomorrow Fengxiang will have 500 reinforcements, and the day after tomorrow Longzhou will have 2,000 soldiers. The matter is urgent. May the king Wait for yourself." Mr. Sun Yat-sen accepted Lu Zhi's surrender, and his whereabouts were discovered by the Qing court. The Qing court negotiated with France and forced them to leave Vietnam. At this time, Mr. Sun Yat-sen found that the revolutionary army at Zhennanguan was short of money, weapons and ammunition. However, Qing soldiers in Guangxi were willing to revolt against the Qing, and there was no reward, so Trent went to Hanoi, Vietnam to raise funds.Just after Mr. Sun Yat-sen left Zhennan Pass, Long Jiguang led 3,000 Qing soldiers to help Lu Rongting. The revolutionary army was outnumbered, so they retreated into Vietnam on November 9. Mr. Sun Yat-sen was also forced to leave the country by the French. Transfer to Singapore.The Zhennanguan Uprising also failed. After Xu Xilin and Qiu Jin, there was the martyrdom of Xiong Chengji. Xiong Chengji, whose style name is Weigen, was born in Ganquan County, Yangzhou. He had little ambition and was a chivalrous man. He entered the Anhui Armed Forces Training Academy, joined Bai Wenwei and other classmates, and later joined the New Army of Anhui Province as an artillery battalion officer.After Xu Xilin assassinated Enming and was martyred, Xiong was overwhelmed with grief and indignation, and wanted to avenge Xu.In the autumn of the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), the Qing government planned to transfer the Nanyang armies to hold autumn exercises in Taihu Lake, and appointed Yinchang and Duanfang as ministers for the military parade.The revolutionaries in Jiangsu and Anhui planned to attack.Governor Zhu Jiabao of Anhui, in order to prevent revolutionary actions, ordered all generals with relatively new knowledge not to go to the playground, and the assassination plan fell through, so Xiong Nai planned to raid the capital of Anhui Province.Because of Taihu Lake's autumn parade and the emptiness of Wanyuan, it is planned to occupy the provincial capital first with two battalions of horse artillery, and then use one army to fill the pass of Jixian to prevent the Ning army from returning; Fuck, Nanjing is like an empty city, and Qiu Cao's soldiers have no live ammunition, so they can be threatened.The plan was set, and coincided with the death of the Empress Dowager Xi and Guangxu, the incident was scheduled to take place in the artillery camp on the night of October 26, and the team officer Xue Zhe and others were invited to respond in Anqing City. Xiong Chengji formulated 13 secret combat orders.After the incident, more than a thousand people from the Xionghui Paoying, Buying and Maying camps went to attack Anqing. Zhu Jiabao, governor of Anhui Province, rushed back after hearing the news, and used huge profits to win over the defenders inside and outside the city. Guan retreated and went straight to Hefei via Tongcheng.Jiang Guiti, the governor of the Qing Dynasty, led the horse artillery to pursue, and Xiong led the revolutionary army to fight and leave. When they arrived in Dongxiang, Hefei, there were only thirty or forty people left, so they had to be disbanded.Xiong fled to the home of comrade Chang Hengfang, lived in hiding for more than a month, and then drove to Japan. Xiong was still devoted to the revolution in Japan. In the first year of Xuantong (1909), he ventured to the northeast to live in a hotel in Harbin.On December 18 of this year, Zaixun, Minister of the Navy of the Qing court, arrived in Harbin from Siberia, stopped at the station for an hour, and then drove southward.Legend has it that before Zaixun got off the train, he heard that Xiong Chengji had arrived in Habu and planned to assassinate Zaixun, so the officials at that time offered a heavy reward and searched closely.In Habu, Xiong only communicated with the son of Jilin Zang Guansan, and Zangzi betrayed Xiong in order to reward him.On the evening of December 20th, the Qing patrol arrested a young man with short hair and wearing a western dress at the Russian Hotel in Xiakan, Qinjiagang, Harbin.In prison, Xiong talked about the failure of the Anqing Uprising, and narrated that after the defeat, he sneaked to Tokyo, Japan, and changed his name to Zhang Jianxun.Taking pictures at the police station, and titled himself: "Portrait of Xiong Chengji after his arrest".On the afternoon of the 23rd, he was escorted to Jilin, and Zang Guansan was captured. Zang sold his friends for profit, but he himself was not exonerated.Before Xiong Jiuyi, he sighed with emotion and said: "If things are accomplished, they will die, and if they fail, they will die. The Battle of Anqing was done by me alone, and no one else had foreseen it. Later, I heard that the Wanfu killed indiscriminately, and I was very disturbed." When leaving the patrol station, many passers-by watched, Xiong calmly said to the passers-by: "Everyone cherishes it, I am still alive, and I am willing to water the flowers of freedom with my blood. I am a revolutionary leader who died for the failure of advocacy for the people. This life is over, and I hope someone succeeds me." People from all walks of life in Changchun sighed when they heard Xiong's last words.On the day of martyrdom, he had a meal in the preferential treatment room of the prison at six o'clock in the morning, and there was foreign wine. At the same time, Ding Huaijin and Zhou Yunxiang revolted in Hekou. The Battle of Hekou in Yunnan took place in the 34th year of Guangxu (1908). Six years before that, a vigorous Lin’an uprising broke out in Yunnan. It was Ding Huaijin (named Shi Shengwan, Shiseng) who borrowed a legal person to build the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway in Gejiu. Zhou Yunxiang, a sports miner, rebelled with the Hui Party and captured Gejiu, Jianshui, Shiping, Ami (now Mengzi) and other counties in Lin'an Prefecture, Yunnan.It took several months to wait for the response of people with lofty ideals from all over the country, so as to achieve the independence of Yunnan Province, but unfortunately it failed.Ding Zhenduo, governor of Yunnan, was furious and ordered Ding Huaijin to be arrested.After Ding was arrested, he robbed the prison for his comrades, causing harm to his family. His original property in Binchuan County was confiscated. After Zhennanguan retreated, Mr. Sun Yat-sen summoned Lu Zhiyi and Ding Huaijin, comrades from Yunnan in Japan, to Hanoi, Vietnam to plan the Yunnan uprising.孙中山先生以云南地处边陲，清廷鞭长莫及，倘能先攻下接壤越南的河口，然后进取蒙自，则全滇必为震动，如此便可以云南为革命根据地，进而推及四川、贵州、广西、广东。于是命胡汉民在越南河内主持一切，军事方面则委黄玉堂、关仁甫、张德卿负责。先派丁怀瑾潜入滇南各地联络临安八属前起义失败之同志，伪装为苦力预伏滇越铁路两侧，同时运动河口督办公署的巡防营为内应；黄玉堂则率领镇南关之役失败后退入越南之志士为进攻主力。其时清河口督办王玉藩尚有巡防四营，但王所辖的守备熊通及管带黄元贞经丁怀瑾策反，宣誓投效革命。光绪卅四年（1908年），三月廿九日午夜2时举事，熊通杀王玉藩起义，河口遂被革命军占领，悬青天白日旗于炮台上，得步枪千余子弹7万多发。于是派关仁甫、张德卿率兵北上，会攻蒙自、克南溪、霸西、新街、蛮耗，长驱直入，势若破竹，军威之盛，震动中外。这时丁怀瑾奔走于云南南部中部，各县闻风响应，有遍地烽烟之势。清廷闻变急调川、桂、黔各省清兵驰援，由道员方宏纶、提督白金柱等率兵10余营迎剿。革命军这时尚无主帅，孙中山先生急调黄兴前往指挥。黄抵河口督师，见革命军粮食子弹两俱缺乏，拟筹10万元，半为粮食，半为弹药，可是孙中山先生在南洋筹款失败，黄兴乃由河口遄赴越南河内，欲访胡汉民商榷一切。迨黄由河内折返时，法警疑黄为日本人，当时法人在越南最忌日人，既对黄怀疑，乃将黄扣留，递解出境，并在滇越边境戒严，致胡汉民购到弹药亦无法输送。云南总督锡良遣兵三路进攻革命军，同志英勇对抗，死伤遍野，弹尽援绝，河口苦守一月余终告退出，慷慨死难的志士达700余人。黄明堂率600余志士退入越南，后由法方遣送出境，运至新加坡，英人又不准登陆，几经交涉才获上岸。丁怀瑾、吕志伊则奉孙中山先生电令，假道越南仍返日本。 正当革命事业风起云涌，革命志士奔走四方的时候，一部分革命党人认为暗杀工作可以沮丧清廷大吏的锐气，也可以选择重要的几个头目做目标，所谓擒贼擒王，比较各地起义所牺牲的生命为少。 于是在北京有一次轰动的谋刺案，时间是宣统二年（1910年）。汪兆铭、黄树中、罗世勋在顺治门外大街江西会馆附近开设守真照相馆，计划暗杀工作，暗杀的对象是宣统父亲摄政王载沣。黄树中和罗世勋在骡马市大街鸿太永铁器号定制铁罐，装置炸药。二月廿一日晚，黄、罗二人在载沣上朝必经之路——地安门外银锭桥下埋置炸弹。怎知事机败露，二人同时被捕，同谋的汪兆铭也在东北园住宅被捕。这三位革命党人被捕后，清廷大为震动，而摄政王也吓得魂飞天外。当时的法部尚书廷杰主张用重典治罪，立即判处三人死列以做效尤，但是民部尚书肃亲王善耆反对，主张对革命党人应该采取怀柔政策，因此仅判汪兆铭和黄树中终身监禁，罗世勋有期徒刑10年。善耆且亲自探监，和汪兆铭有过恳谈。汪兆铭号精卫，一字季新，他的祖先是安徽婺源人，后来迁居浙江山阴县，父亲汪琡到广东做官，才改入广东番禺县籍。光绪廿九年（1903年）考取日本法政大学速成科（即官费生），就读一年半毕业，以自费生升入专科。光绪卅一年（1905年）汪23岁，这年秋天他曾跑到横滨想投奔梁启超，加入保皇党，不料没有碰头，乃回到东京和朱执信一同加入同盟会，成为《民报》的执笔人之一，又为同盟会的评议员。汪倜傥有才气，自高自大，在《民报》经常和章炳麟闹蹩扭，这位国学大师经不住汪的斗气，一怒之下跑到南洋仍抬着光复会招牌乱闯。 汪这次在北京坐监，使他声名大震海内外，革命志士莫不知道汪兆铭三字，由于他年轻，笔下又快又好，能谈善讲，使得清廷大吏为之侧目。他在监中有一位丑女日日探监送饭，这位丑女便是后来南京伪政府时代权倾一时的汪夫人陈璧君。汪在狱中曾有诗，题名《被逮口占》，传诵一时，诗曰： 衔石成痴绝，沧波万里愁。孤飞终不倦，羞逐海鸥浮。 姹紫妫红色，从知渲染难，他时好花发，认取血痕斑。 慷慨歌燕市，从容作楚囚，引刀成一快，不负少年头。 留得心魂在，殁躯付劫灰，青磷光不灭，夜夜照燕台。 汪等在北京监狱中只住了一年多，武昌革命爆发，法部尚书绍昌建议释放汪，奏稿有：“其供词无狂悖之语，而热忱苦志时流露于公庭对簿之间，似此旧学新知实属不可多得，其才可用，其志可悲。倘蒙天恩释放，加之驱策，当更感激圣慈，濯磨自效。”宣统三年九月十六日（1911年11月6日）清廷下令释放汪、黄、罗三人，每人发给川资300两。黄树中后改名黄复生。 汪兆铭谋刺摄政王事败被捕后，是得肃亲王善耆在朝反对判处汪等死刑，这位肃亲王善耆应该说起来是当时清皇室中比较有头脑，能够迎合时代的一个人。宣统元年，孙中山先生在日本东京时，曾有一信给他：一，劝他敦促清廷让国，举族返东北，自立帝国；二，请他参加革命党。这封信是由云南老同志丁怀瑾起草的，全函过长，摘要抄录于后： “肃亲王左右：仆向与都人士语，知营州贵胄首推贤王，中更多难，陷于凶人，天诱其衷，俾无陨越……故仆敢以二策为贤王陈之：一为清室计者，当旋轸东归，自立帝国，而以中国归我汉人。此非仆一介之私言也，何者？八旗口籍，不逾千万，其人才亦至乏矣，既欲羁制汉人，使就轨范，而又当分布于东三省，譬若千石之粟供百万军，其势固不能偏给，与其他人蚕食而有之，孰与满汉分而有之，若能去燕京复辽东之故国，外兼蒙古，得千四百万方里，其幅员等于中国本部，然后方置郡县，务农开矿，使朔漠不毛之地化为上腴。地小则人材不忧其乏，势分则民族不忧其讧，其贤于兼治中国万万也，文政既成，申其军实，南与中国东与日本为唇齿之同盟，谁复能睥睨东亚耶。……二为贤王计者，贤王于宗室中称为巨人长德，故与方域之见殊矣。革命之业，贤王亦何不可预。昔露西皇族有克鲁泡特金者，爵为上公，而作无政府党之首领，声势赫然，光于日月，以民而抗政府犹云为已，以皇族而抗政府，则明其为博爱大同之志也。吾党所持，革命以后惟建共和政府，二王三恪之号，虑不足以辱贤王，要使千戴而下，睹其史书，瞻其铜像然后贵耳。迩者吾党声气骎骎日骤，湘粤之域小有折伤，要不足以损毫发，贤王于此其能入我同盟也。以上二策，唯所取携，要之，必以一身主动而后国家之事从之，王家庆邸（指庆亲王奕劻）既怯懦而无果断，陆军兵柄之争又令北洋阴怀异志，失今不图，而令发难在彼，贤王虽智力绝人，亦安所发舒耶？投会抵隙，今其时矣，书此达意，非敢以口舌取人，亦以结向德之好也，孙文启。” 这封信投送给肃亲王后，善耆遣其幕客致意说：“不愿入盟，但愿相助”。其后数月，日本人加藤仡夫亦为革命党致书于肃亲王要求西藏，肃亲王即与清廷亲贵王公会商，不得结果，事虽不成，但革命党人对善耆始终保持高度的好感。善耆虽同情革命，可是民国成立后他却避居旅顺，不以有革命党人好感而留居，他曾赋诗明志，诗曰： 幽燕非故国，长啸返辽东，回马看烽火，中原落照红。 革命党人又把注意力集中于广东，这时广东的清廷官吏是：张鸣岐为两广总督，孚琦为驻防将军，李准为水师提督。革命党人死在李手中最多，因此在革命党人心目中认为，倘欲在广东大举，必先杀李准，李死则张、孚两人无能作为，所以议定先谋杀李准然后起义。宣统二年（1910年）十二月革命党人冯忆汉自庇能归，愿任刺客。黄兴见其热诚，教以布置之方和制弹之法，可是冯色厉内荏，一再推宕。宣统三年（1911年）正月，黄兴再度催促，冯口头答允，却潜返乡下过了一个月，才回来自称坠水染病。黄兴副手赵声怒责冯游疑，限冯二月廿四日以前行动，冯仍不敢实行，可是另一位由南洋归来的同志却独自沉默进行暗杀计划。这人名叫温生才，广东嘉应州丙村人，年42岁，在南洋学习工艺，参加革命，有血性甘愿牺牲，闻革命党人决心除却李准，于是每日暗藏自南洋所携回的手枪，计划在街路上伺候李准。三月初十日，广州燕塘举行一次飞机表演，在当时这是一次新鲜玩意，由一位留学德国学习飞行的冯如表演驾驶飞机，广州百姓空城前往参观，广东省的清廷大吏也悉数前往。温生才大为高兴，认为这是一个好机会，于是乃在广州东门外咨议局前茶馆中等候，这条跨是燕塘进城必经之路。温坐候茶馆中，傍晚见有呵道而来，前后夹以军队卫护，势颇轩盛，温认为一定是李准，乃待官轿抬近时，突然拔出手枪，推开夹轿的军队，直向轿内轰击。军队发现刺客竟作鸟兽散，轿夫也弃轿而逃。温生才从从容容再向轿内连发三枪，怎知轿中人不是李准，却是驻防将军孚琦当场被击毙。温乃向东校场口积厚街遁去，守卫巡警郑家森尾随之，沿途邀集侦探队黄熙材、巡警陈金、周定祁等追捕，遂将温逮捕。初刑讯于番禺县署，继刑讯于营务处，最后由两广总督张鸣岐集大吏亲审，张问：“何故暗杀？”温答：“不是暗杀，是明杀。”张问：“何故明杀？”温答：“清廷无道，日召外侮，都是你们这些官吏无用，杀一孚琦虽然无济于事，但可为天下先。我和孚琦无私仇，完全为了救民族而为。”张问：“有无同谋？有无主事人？”温答：“完全是我一人”。三月十六日军机大臣电张鸣岐，奉旨将温生才正法，于是在三月十七日温生才遂被处斩于东门外咨议局前孚琦被刺的地方。 革命党人初意是要把李准杀死，因为大家都认为李准对革命党人压制最力，亦最狡诈，除去李准后，在广州起义比较容易，怎知暗杀计划一误于冯忆汉，迨温生才挺身独任其事，却又误杀孚琦。孚琦是驻防将军又是满人，杀了他也足以使清廷丧胆了。 温生才后来被葬在红花岗，是红花岗四烈士之一。