Chapter 37 Chapter 36 Green water is a new song for strings——Tracing the source and destination of water control in Meixian County

Prelude: Water control calls for vegetation, and the source of water control lies in vegetation.It is not easy to eradicate barren hills, and the honor of "National Greening Model County" is hard-won.Cultivating and creating green is the common pursuit of the people of Meixian County and officials from top to bottom Because of editing and writing, water became a common topic in 2009 among fifty or sixty of the most active and influential Chinese writers. Because the editorial office is located in Meizhou, water control and water culture also became a piece of news with a high rate of coverage in Meizhou in 2009.The generation of this news has its historical inevitability.From then on, the Meizhou culture should be added to the water control of the Meijiang River and the contributions of Meizhou cultural people and responsible entrepreneurs to China's water control and water culture.

In 2009, winter.I shuttled back and forth between Guangzhou and Meizhou, inspected the banks of the Meijiang River and its many blood tributaries, inspected a series of spectacular embankments, wandered in front of the green-waved reservoir dams, and visited the water turbine singing The large and small hydropower stations...trace the footsteps of Meizhou's sons and daughters in water control for more than half a century, and hope to compose a song of water control for the hometown elders! I walked half a month in Meizhou, northeast Guangdong, recording and thinking about the relationship between the 5 million Hakka children and water.River water brought them joy, anger, sorrow and joy, as well as bitterness and sweetness.I summed up the 60-year struggle of the elders with water as "a grand song"!Consciously touching and shocking.The river embankment built with solid granite rocks, the reservoir that accumulates rain and the farmers' hope for a good harvest, the power line that connects the ancient mountain village with modern life, and the fathers and brothers who have worked hard all their lives for this, they Blocking water, fighting water, managing water... lamenting the world, weeping ghosts and gods.It can be said that strong is strong!Then stop typing on the keyboard, always feel that something is still missing?

Today we talk about water harmony, water culture, and water articles—perhaps this is the scientific development of the thinking that human beings communicate with water is becoming more and more mature.The ancestors of human ancestors originally came from water.Hundreds of millions of years ago, microorganisms in the universe evolved into advanced species due to changes in water.Water is to human beings just as the amniotic fluid in the mother's gestation period is to the baby. Since the New Year, there has been snow outside the Great Wall, low temperatures in the capital, and cold winds blowing inside and outside Wuling.However, when the car passes through Meixian County in the northeast of Guangdong in the rainy weather, winter is like spring, and there is green rhyme everywhere. Red slogans such as "Siege the city with a ten-mile forest", "Create a livable place", "Insist on a green rise and develop the economy" are hung on the streets of the county and around the provincial and national highways.Hehe, creating a green environment and a green atmosphere is the habit and pursuit of Meixian people.

Planting green, pursuing green, and creating green have become the consensus of the people in Meixian County and the responsibility of each cadre.On this land of more than 3,000 square kilometers dominated by hills, floods and droughts have been frequent in history. More than 600,000 Meixian people have had a deep understanding of forests, green trees, and every plant and tree in their long-term dealings with mountains and rivers. deep feeling.In Meixian, green not only creates the environment, but also integrates into their bone marrow and soul.Mr. Yang Qinhuan's proposal to pay attention to vegetation and put vegetation at the beginning of water control is not an accidental whim.This is the inevitability of his long-term attention to water, thinking about water, and dealing with water, and it is the crystallization of his thinking.He traced back to the source of drought, flood, embankment repair, and water management, and saw that the source of water control is vegetation, which really grasped the crux of the problem.Li Yuancai, director of the Meixian Forestry Bureau, commented that Mr. Yang's proposal to pay attention to vegetation is quite expert and far-sighted.As early as 2000, Mr. Yang, in order to support the closure of mountains for forestation and increase forest reserves, signed contracts with mountain people and farmers in various towns. The company funded and rented hundreds of thousands of acres of mountain land with a subsidy of 20 yuan/mu. Invest millions more.

In Meixian County, the county party committee and the county government have made unremitting efforts in tree planting and afforestation.Li Yuanqing, the current secretary of the county party committee, said that during the Great Leap Forward era and the Cultural Revolution in 1958, the forests in Mei County were seriously damaged, which hurt the vitality.Forest stock has been greatly reduced.Thanks to the leadership of the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government for their care, and to focus on afforestation, especially the deployment of Secretary Lin Ruo's "Ten Years of Greening Guangdong", which is a great strategic turning point.The previous leaders of Meixian County have always regarded mountain and water control as the top priority of their work.

For decades, Meixian has made tree planting and eliminating barren hills the focus of improving vegetation. From the Cultural Revolution to the early 1990s, afforestation by air (aircraft) reached more than 2 million mu, increasing the forest coverage rate year by year. In the "Ten Years of Greening Guangdong", it took only 5 years for Meixian County to plant all the trees.The County Forestry Bureau gave the author two sets of comparison data: In 1985, the total land area of ​​Mei County was 4.1 million mu; The total mountain area is 3.12 million mu; The forested area is 1.77 million mu;

A total of 1.74 million cubic meters of standing timber; The forest coverage rate is 41.4%. By 2009, the forest area will reach 2.99 million mu; 7.6 million cubic meters of standing timber; The forest coverage rate reaches 72.8%; The greening rate is above 98%. What kind of picture do these figures provide and paint for us?It tells us that over the past 20 years, the forest area in Mei County has increased by 70%.The forest area has increased, the mountains have been closed, the trees have grown taller and thicker, and the stock of living trees has increased by nearly 5 times.What is even more rare is that the whole county has completely eliminated barren hills from more than 1 million mu of barren hills in 1985. In 1993, Meixian County was rated as "Green Standard County of Guangdong Province", and in 1995, it was rated as "National Aerial Seeding Forest Demonstration County". Since 1996, at the 18th meeting of the Central Rural Work Leading Group hosted by Vice Premier Jiang Chunyun , Meixian was identified as one of the first 10 "National Mountainous Comprehensive Development Demonstration Counties". In 2006, it realized "Guangdong Province Forestry Ecological County". .

These honors did not come easily.It is filled with the hard work and sweat of the elders of the whole county. Starting from Meicheng, along the highway leading to Shantou, along the Meijiang River full of clear water, the off-road vehicle goes south and then west. Along the way, Director Liu Huanglin of the Meixian Water Affairs Bureau introduced the geographical and geological composition of Meixian County to the author, as well as the serious situation of the "collapse of the hillock". Meixian County is located in the hilly and mountainous area of ​​northeast Guangdong, with abundant rainfall in the area.For hundreds of millions of years, under the warm and humid climate conditions in the south, frequent torrential rains have repeatedly scoured the granite strata, causing severe weathering of the rock mass and becoming loose in structure, weathered sandy loam and conglomerate weathered accumulation of soil and rocks, resulting in serious soil erosion.The gravel collapsed, reminiscent of mudslides seen on television footage.However, its collapsed sand is mainly sand and gravel formed by the weathering of granite.Vegetation cannot be settled and damage increases every year.This phenomenon is called "benggang" by the locals and water conservancy workers, that is, the weathering and collapse of hills and hills.Water and soil erosion, sand and stones are falling, trees and grass cannot take root. In addition, from the 1950s to the early 1980s, Chinese people took wildly from nature, large-scale deforestation, land reclamation, straight farming along slopes, and deforestation. The county's soil erosion area has grown from 234 square kilometers in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China to 306 square kilometers in 1983.The natural ecology of the county continues to deteriorate, and social and economic life has paid a heavy price:

——There are 227 hectares of fertile land silted into gravel beaches in the whole county.Nearly 2,000 hectares of farmland are often flooded by yellow muddy water.Waterlogging, drought, loss of fertilizer, deterioration of soil quality, and reduction of crop production; ——There are 80 creeks and streams raised by silting in the county, and more than 100 silted ponds and reservoirs.The storage capacity is reduced and the water storage capacity is reduced; ——The vicious cycle of soil erosion, the mountain is beautiful, the land is thin, and the people are poor.The ecological imbalance and the disappearance of species threaten the survival of human beings.

Among them, the most typical one is the small watershed of Hesi River that we went to investigate. Hesi River is a tributary of the upper reaches of the Meijiang River.Here, water and soil erosion used to be serious, and the small watershed of less than 100 square kilometers had ditch-like erosion and planar erosion, covering an area of ​​more than 30 square kilometers.There are more than 1,500 "benggangs", large and small.The continuous mountain body is full of skin and flesh, with bare chest and arms.It is often the yellow water gushing in the heavy rain, and nearly 100 square kilometers of fertile land within the town becomes a sand dam.The local people called it "showing teeth and claws on sunny days, and blood flowing into rivers on rainy days".Wu Nanxiang, an engineer and chief of the Soil and Water Conservation Section of the County Water Affairs Bureau, told the author that in 1985, experts from the Ministry of Water Resources came to investigate and saw the serious soil erosion in the Hesi River area, and reported it to the province.At that time, Luo Tian, ​​director of the Provincial People's Congress, brought a research team to Hesi to seek solutions.Since then, under the leadership of the county party committee and the county government, the water affairs department has led the masses to fight for 10 years, constantly summing up experience, earnestly rectifying, and finally achieved results and changed its appearance.

The off-road vehicle drove past Fuda and entered the Dahe Market in Hesi Town.Passing through the village road, a blue signboard of "National Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration Pilot Project Area" is prominently erected on the side of the road.Driving on the mountain road, we entered a long narrow valley.The pomelo garden beyond the horizon.Under the shade of pomelo trees, flocks of chickens are foraging in the soil.Several young garden workers are burying bags of peanut bran and chicken manure under the tree.The author and Engineer Wu got off the car and talked with them, asking them how many years they have been working here?Do you know what it looked like in the past?What was the place name of this ravine in the past?They shook their heads again and again.Who would pay attention to the scene back then if they were not from the past? Yes, if Engineer Wu hadn't taken out a handbook "Introduction to Soil and Water Conservation Boutique Project of Hesi River Small Watershed" from his bag, who would have believed that this place used to be a sand-stained land surrounded by continuous disemboweled collapsed hills?This place is called Zeng Jiutang.Two comparison photos on the brochure: before the treatment, the red rock is gravel, and the ground is full of rocks.After the treatment, the forest is beautiful and the scenery is pastoral.The caption next to the photo reads, "Zengjiutang Mountain covers an area of ​​7,870 square meters, of which 4,330 square meters are lost in planar shape, 1,530 square meters are lost in collapsed hills, and there are 86 collapses. Over the past ten years, 86 Shigufangs have been built to block sand. There are 3 dams, 6 kilometers of horizontal ditches, 30 stone spillways, 78,700 cubic meters of earthwork, more than 3,100 square meters of grass and trees, and more than 900 square meters of fruit. The total income of the district last year was nearly 200,000 yuan." According to the brochure, we entered the valley called "Hungry Getang".According to local legend, a long time ago, due to landslides and landslides for many years, the elder brother starved to death, and the younger brother left for a long time.Today, after ten years of treatment, pomelo trees have become forests, and the fruit trees are green.The surrounding Benggang, which used to show its teeth and claws, has been tamed.The mountains that collapsed that year have long been solidified by trees and grass.The sand dams, drainage ditches, and flood barriers in front of the mountain still leave some shadows of former fighters.On the half-walled mountain that is no longer collapsing, the grass is green and the trees are dancing.In the wind, the pines exposed more than ten meters long roots, which were deeply rooted on the steep weathered rock wall, as if they were telling the rise and strength of the people who ruled Benggang back then! There are more than ten Benggang Valley boutique projects recorded in the pamphlet that have completely changed their appearance after treatment, in the small watershed of Hesi River.Bai Tong Hang, Dong Hang Pond, Tao Tong Hang, Heng Hang Pond, Shek Tong, Luo Tong Hang, etc.They are similar in appearance and personality. On a sunny day, they have red eyes like flaming mountains, teeth and claws.Today, this crazy woman of nature has been trained and controlled, and has become a beautiful and lovely village girl. Governing the small watershed of the Hosurabaya was a great battle that lasted as long as the War of Resistance.Its significance lies in that it not only dredged and healed the "microvessel" creeks in the upper reaches of the Meijiang River, reducing the pressure on Meijiang's siltation; moreover, it showed people with living evidence that Hakka people can use their Take care of your own homeland with both hands - no matter how dangerous the environment is, they can't stop their footsteps.The sad Hesi River in the past has become the pride of Meixian cadres and water workers today. For this reason, as soon as the author arrived in Meixian County, Cheng Xianzhang made a special phone call and invited a leader and witness who participated in the governance at that time——Yu Yude, then deputy secretary of the Meixian Municipal Party Committee, to the editorial department of the history of water governance to introduce the situation.In the early 1980s, Secretary Yu led technicians from the county forestry bureau, water conservancy bureau, and cadres from the county party committee office to form a working group. They squatted in Hesi River and lived in the auditorium in the town for more than a year.They drenched mud and smashed rocks, first investigated and understood the situation, and then formulated a governance plan.One is to block, to block the mud, sand and stones that have fallen from the collapsed hillock;Collect the situation ahead to the county, go to Jiangxi to buy pine seeds, and organize government officials to use nutrition cups to raise saplings.On Saturdays and Sundays, hundreds of cadres mobilized together to fight like bats on the steep collapsed hills, planting the nutrition cup saplings. "After seven or eight years of uninterrupted treatment, the collapsed hillock was blocked, the water flow became clear, and nearby farmers competed to bid to plant fruit." The old secretary recalled the scene at that time, his eyes were still bright, and his spirit was awe-inspiring. "There is another place called Douzi Nest when you enter the Omge Pond. It is larger, more imposing and majestic, and the collapsed hillock has become an orchard." Hehe, in those years, water control and soil improvement, tree planting, and cadres went to the countryside to stay, " "Three Tongs" are all true. "Wen Huaguang, He Zhengba and other old leaders in the city have left their footprints and shed sweat for the governance of Benggang." Cheng Xianzhang said. There are many other small watersheds like Hesurabaya.For example, the small watershed of the Wuni River in Songyuan Town has also achieved remarkable results in the comprehensive control of soil erosion and has become a national demonstration project.They all provide valuable experience in scientific countermeasures for the control of soil erosion—— First, the small watershed is used as a unit to implement comprehensive management of mountains, water, fields, forests, and roads.Fruits are planted on the mountain [the pomelo in Shatian alone reaches 300,000 to 400,000 mu]; ponds are dug down the mountain to store water and fish are raised; rice is grown in the fields; ecological forests, commercial forests, fruit forests, etc. are adapted to local conditions.Establish an engineering protection system, plant trees and grass, expand vegetation, improve ecology, and develop agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline fishing.Intensive farms and joint-stock forest farms appeared, and there were more than 10,000 manor-style farmers. Second, take engineering measures, set up defenses due to hazards, and set up sand dams, intercepting ditches, valley squares, leveling terraces, etc. according to needs; the combination of engineering measures and forest and grass measures complement each other and bring out the best in each other. Thirdly, the control of soil erosion and the development of water and soil resources should be combined.Guide the masses to set up camps in the mountains, plant fruits on the basis of governance, use governance to ensure development, and development to promote governance. Fourth, combine small watershed management with large-scale mountain closure for afforestation, and properly handle the relationship between production, life and ecology. Fifth, carry out scientific research and seek advanced technologies for soil and water conservation.Such as introducing drought-resistant and barren-resistant molasses grasses, using the method of combining trees, shrubs, and grasses to achieve rapid surface coverage, etc. Today, Meixian has found a comprehensive solution to the bottleneck of vegetation construction and the problem of soil erosion.In the severe water and soil erosion control area, a new scene of "luxuriant mountains and forests, clear water, abundant grain, fragrant fruits, and people getting richer" appeared. From the end of the last century to the beginning of this century, Te Mikaelson, a forestry expert from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and Bao Hanhua, a doctor from the China Institute of Tropical Land Research, made special trips to inspect the small watershed of the Hesi River several times. Give full affirmation and appreciation. In 2000, the Ministry of Water Resources and the Ministry of Finance named Meixian County as a "National Demonstration County for Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment Construction", and the small watersheds of Hesi River and Niaoni River as "National Demonstration Small Watersheds for Soil and Water Conservation Ecological Environment Construction". In the spring of 2001, CCTV made a special report on the treatment of Hesi River. In February 2002, the Meixian Water Affairs Bureau was commended by the Ministry of Water Resources and awarded the title of "National Advanced Group of Soil and Water Conservation". Two years later, on February 21, 2004, E Jingping, the vice minister of the Ministry of Water Resources, led a group of experts to visit Mei County.They climbed to the highest peak of Hosurabaya with great interest to inspect the management of the small watershed.In front of the vast green field, green and full of fruit, the old minister repeatedly compared the photos of the mountains and the thin, gravel rolling, with a knowing smile on the corner of his mouth.Originally, the old minister had to go to the neighboring county to inspect at noon.At this time, it was past 12 o'clock, and it was also past the meal time. He still stood on the top of the mountain for a long time, staring at the rolling green mountains... As soon as I arrived in Meixian County, the author heard that one of the important tasks of the County Water Affairs Bureau in the past two years was to focus on rural drinking water safety projects. The author grew up in the rural areas of Meixian County, and I know that farmers have been carrying water from the river or digging wells for generations.After I was in middle school, I remember that every morning, just after dawn, the author got up and went to the well at the head of the village to help my mother fetch water until the two water tanks in the yard were filled before I picked up my schoolbag and went to school. I have been away from my hometown for three to forty years. Now, is it true that all the villages in my hometown have tap water?If there is such a new thing, I will suggest that the most common well barrels and well ropes in Hakka villages should be displayed in the China Hakka Museum in Meizhou.I'd like to write a note about it then.I would say that tap water, the dream and paradise of farmers in their hometown, has finally become a reality today.Hehe, Iburu and Isawa have retired and entered the museum. This should be a great event in the reform and opening up of rural areas in China in the past 30 years. Director Liu Huanglin laughed when he heard what I said.He said that solving the safety of drinking water in rural areas and allowing farmers to drink tap water as soon as possible is the focus of our Water Affairs Bureau's work in the past two years.How about this, I will accompany you for a walk tomorrow and have a look. The next morning, Director Liu took Hu Tianhua from the office and Zeng Junhe, who was in charge of rural water reform, to accompany me to Chenshan Village, Shejiang Town. The author checked the information. As early as 2004, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Health, according to the characteristics of my country's rural areas and the situation of water resources, proposed to care about farmers' water use and solve the problem of unsafe drinking water in rural areas.On May 30, 2007, the State Council issued a special document to include the solution to rural drinking water safety in the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan".For a long time, many rural drinking water, first, water quality sanitation standards are not up to standard.For example, the common turbidity and water routine are not up to standard, such as containing E. coli and heavy metals exceeding the standard.The second is that the convenience of water is not up to standard.If the time between water fetching and round trip exceeds 10 minutes, etc.The third is that the guaranteed rate of water sources, that is, the average water output is not up to the standard, and the per capita daily water consumption is less than 60L.In addition, some villages and towns have excessive fluoride in drinking water, and so on.Director Liu said that among the 610,000 total population of Mei County, 163,300 of the rural population of more than 500,000 live in a state of unsafe drinking water for a long time.High fluorine, brackish, and polluted water seriously threaten the health of farmers and restrict rural social and economic development. Chenshan Village is a pilot project for the construction of rural drinking water projects in the county. The off-road vehicle walked along the cement village road, crossed Tianchou, passed through the orchard, turned over the hillside, and stopped on a high hill behind the village.There are continuous mountains all around, and the village houses are not far away.In front of him was a huge silver water storage tank, shining brightly in the sunlight.This is the new small water plant in Chenshan Village.Next to it, a row of newly built huts are the electric room, pressurization room and laboratory for the staff of the water plant.Xiao Zeng, who has been working on water reform in Chenshan Village, told the author that in order to find the water source for the water plant, the Water Affairs Bureau and the town and village leaders really put a lot of thought into it.The water quality must be good and pollution-free, and the flow rate shall be sufficient.Right now in rural areas, if you say that the government will provide you with tap water, everyone will welcome it and applaud it.But where to choose the water source?How does the pipe diameter go?It is often difficult to unify many opinions.For example, some villages talk about the relationship between clan and family, and they don't want to use their own water sources for other villages.Some people do not allow public pipelines to pass in front of their own doors or their own land, and so on.This requires a lot of persuasion and coordination.Xiao Zeng said that the water plant in Chenshan Village is running smoothly.Its water source comes from Changtantou, 12 kilometers away. A large water pipe with a diameter of 160 cm and a length of 20 kilometers is laid. It is filtered and purified by the water purifier of the water plant, and then disinfected. After passing the test, it leaves the factory and passes through a pipe network with a length of 140 kilometers. , supplying more than 10,000 people in more than 10 villages such as Chenshan and Liangang for drinking. Director Liu took a call and went to check and coordinate a nearby irrigation canal project.Xiao Zeng took me into the village to visit the home of Ye Shaonan, the village head and secretary of the party branch.This is an independent three-story building.Village head Ye, who is physically strong, looks to be in his 40s, enthusiastic and talkative.He said that among the more than 1,500 people in Chenshan Village, more than 700 are working in other places.In the past, there was only one drinking well in the whole village. From spring to autumn, from morning to night, the well platform was full of people all year round; in winter, when the well was dry, some villagers came here to wait in line in the middle of the night for water.He said, "Now that tap water is installed, the villagers are laughing so hard that they can't see their teeth." The author asked him: "How many people are there in the family? How much was the water bill last month?" Village head Ye replied: "My son works in Guangzhou, and there are three other people in my family. The water fee is 1.2 yuan per cubic meter, and the whole family spent more than 7 yuan last month. Every family has installed an independent water meter." The author asked: "Have you used a gas water heater? Is the water pressure enough?" The village head stood up, walked to the patio a few steps, turned on the tap, and the water splashed.The village head beckoned the author to walk into the shower room. He raised his hand and pressed the switch of the water heater. As the blue flames sprang up, the hot water was already gurgling. In the face of all this, the author feels that it is superfluous to ask any more questions.In front of me, there are refrigerators and washing machines. If it weren’t for the piles of rice in the living room, I really thought I was in the family of urban residents. Before leaving the village, Village Chief Ye told two interesting stories about water.One is that on the day when the water was opened, an old man in his 70s in the village was so excited that he told people everywhere that for thousands of years, carrying water for cooking has been a matter of course.Then who would dare to think that... the water flows to the house?The village chief said that he didn't know if the old man was too excited or too unfamiliar with this "thing that only people in the city have". He said "tap water" as "water comes from itself", haha... The other is that an official who has lived in Guangzhou for decades went back to his hometown to visit his grave in Qingming. He was afraid that there would be no clean water in his hometown, so he put several large cans of C'estbon water in the trunk of his car.When he came back, he saw that all the elders in the village drank the tap water from the mountain spring. He took a sip and said repeatedly that the water was sweeter than the water in Guangzhou.No need to bring it next year, no need to bring it. On the way, Xiao Zeng also told the author that the leaders of Xinhua Railway Station, not far from Chenshan, also wanted to introduce the tap water here to the station for use.For this reason, he specially filled two bottles of the tap water here, and sent it to Shenzhen to test more than 100 indicators, and it is said that the results are very satisfactory. Hehe, "tap water", such a fresh foreign word, has become a fashionable new word in the rural areas of Mei County in the northeast of Guangdong today, and is very popular.For thousands of years, until ten or eight years ago, we would say that water is the lifeblood of agriculture.That's for production.At that time, the government led the people to build large-scale water conservancy projects, divert water to irrigate fields, and prevent floods and reduce disasters.With the development of history to today, the relationship between water and rural farmers has undergone greater and more profound changes. The party and the government's water affairs department must allow farmers, who account for the largest proportion of the population, to share the results of water control and get greater and more benefits from water control .To be more specific: tap water is not only for urbanites, only urbanites can enjoy it.In the words of Director Liu, farmers should also drink tap water, safe water, and water for people's livelihood.This is the responsibility of the party and the government, and it is the purpose and destination of our water control. In order to realize this ideal, the state, provinces, cities, and counties have invested a lot of financial resources and provided a lot of subsidies, and farmers have raised a little by themselves to promote this project of benefiting the people.I have a "Mei County Rural Drinking Water Safety Project Construction Situation Form", which lists Shejiang, Songkou, Meinan, Nankou, Yanyang, Baidu, Longwen, Meixi, Shikeng, Xiyang and Chengjiang in detail. The project status of the town, including the project name, location of the new water plant, number of people with unsafe drinking water, number of beneficiaries, beneficiary administrative villages, construction scale, water source, financing situation, when the project will be completed, etc.It can be seen from the list that the workload of the water department is heavy and cumbersome.After several years of hard work, by the end of 2009, the county had invested 53.33 million yuan to complete 29 rural drinking water projects that had been ordered, and solved drinking water safety problems in more than 70 administrative villages.The number of beneficiaries in Chenshan Village is nearly 100,000.Coupled with the total investment of 28 million yuan in 2010, it will continue to solve the problem of drinking water safety for 66,700 people.That is to say, by the end of this year, the drinking water safety problems of more than 160,000 farmers in the county will all be resolved. It was a miracle, a great miracle!It is our party and government, as well as the hardworking water workers on the front line, and the town and village cadres at the grassroots level, who have created this miracle.Their achievements deserve our congratulations. On July 28, 2009, the "Provincial Rural Drinking Water Safety Project Construction and Management Site Meeting" was held in Meixian County.Li Yuanqing, secretary of the county party committee, introduced the experience of Mei County at the meeting—— 1. Strengthen leadership and implement a target responsibility management mechanism.Emphasize that the leadership is in place, the responsibility is in place, and the coordination and cooperation are in place. Second, conscientiously mobilize the beneficiaries to actively participate.In this way, more forces can be mobilized, the progress can be accelerated, and the project can be constructed without obstacles. 3. Carefully organize and strengthen the construction progress and quality management of the project.Select the construction unit, refine the project objectives and tasks, and strengthen technical guidance.Achieve "three unifications": unified bidding, unified project supervision, and unified quality standards; "`four checks": check the procurement of materials and equipment, check the entry of construction teams, check the quality of projects and fund allocation . 4. Multi-investment to provide financial guarantee for the project.Combining financial input, social capital input and voluntary input from beneficiary farmers. 5. Strengthen supervision and follow-up management to ensure the smooth progress of the project. In addition to the above 5 items, the experience they introduced also includes practices and experience in aspects such as safe operation, management, water quality testing and charging methods after the completion of the project. Careful study of these experiences reveals that they have sincerely and painstakingly built this project that has never been done before, in order to allow farmers and ordinary people at the bottom of society to share the fruits of economic and social development.They said that the rural drinking water safety project is the most concerned, most direct and most realistic livelihood issue for farmers. "Building a livable home and creating a bright guest city" is their ideal; "Being a good leader in the green rise" is their oath.In the end, it is their strongest voice that "all the people in the county can drink safe water and safe water". It should be mentioned again that the location of the "On-Site Meeting on Construction and Management of Rural Drinking Water Safety Works in the Whole Province" was in Yanyang Township, which is less than one kilometer away from Ye Jianying's former residence. Dam site.More than 300 people participated in the on-site meeting, including leaders of the provincial government, Vice Governor Li Ronggen, deputy mayors in charge of various cities, and finance and water conservancy experts.They all expressed appreciation for the water quality, facilities and management of the Yanyang Water Plant.This water plant has been restructured into the Yanyang Water Supply Company, which was invested and constructed by Mr. Yang Qinhuan more than ten years ago. In 1998, it began to divert water from the Tianxi Reservoir, allowing many farmers in the east and southeast of Yanyang Town to drink tap water.In order to solve the drinking water problem for more farmers, not long ago, they dug a 2-kilometer-long culvert to divert water from the Tianxi River to the Overseas Chinese Reservoir, and invested 2.3 million yuan to build integrated water purification equipment, clear water pools, and laboratories. Yanshang, Yanzhong, Yanxia, ​​Songping, Tianxi, expanded to Zhangshulong, Xiangxing Village, Baishakeng and other villages, benefiting more than 1300 farmers. The author is not talented, and has been reporting news in the provincial party committee for nearly 40 years, so he is well-informed.But after seeing this water plant, I was still quite surprised and felt a lot of emotion: More than ten years ago, Mr. Yang Qinhuan built a drinking water safety project for his hometown with the kindness of public welfare, and brought water from the reservoir for the elders of the villages and transformed it into a tap water.This reflects his sense of responsibility and his wisdom.This is exactly what Zhang Xiaotian, a famous Northeast writer who has never met with him, said: "Great wisdom, great winner".In my opinion, it can be seen from the construction of drinking water projects in the countryside of his hometown that his wisdom is ahead of his time; as for his "win", he wins not in money, but in the happiness he reaps after giving back to the society. This kind of happiness, stored in the heart, will ferment into satisfaction.It is more precious than money.Because it is not owned and understood by all rich people! It is very rare. This time I returned to Meixian County to investigate water control. It was like dissecting a "sparrow". The water workers felt their silent labor. The county party committee and the county government are the commander-in-chief and head of water control in the whole county.Comrades from the County Water Affairs Bureau said that water control first depends on the attention and leadership of the county party committee and the county government.County leaders have 3,000 square kilometers of mountains and rivers in their hearts, and we will be more confident in the specific departments of water control. In Meixian County, the author often heard such unanimous praise: water control has long been a tradition of previous county leaders.This is the blessing of the hometown elders.Remediation of river embankments, reconstruction of farmland irrigation areas in townships, implementation of rural drinking water safety projects, etc., are all on the agenda of the county party committee and county government, and they often focus on research.Zhang Wenguang, the county magistrate, took the lead in person and served as the team leader. He worked hard and took steps one step at a time. Li Yuanqing, secretary of the county party committee, told the author that Meixian County is a mountainous area with complex terrain and numerous streams and rivers.It is a major event to deal with collapsing hillocks, small watershed improvement is a major event, embankment repair is a major event, drinking water safety in rural areas is a major event, and tree planting and afforestation are also a major event.In short, everything related to water control is a major issue, and as a leader, you can't relax for a moment.Guo Biling, Member of the Standing Committee of the County Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda, is a female leader I met in Meixian this time. The secretary of the County Party Committee and the county magistrate entrusted her with the office leaders and press secretary to coordinate the interview for the author.After finishing her university degree in finance and economics in Guangzhou, she returned to her hometown of Dapu to do an audit. She started as the deputy secretary of the Youth League Committee in Gaopi Township, Cixiang Township, and served as a town leader and deputy county magistrate of Mei County. She is a cadre who has grown through long-term grassroots training.She has the patience and generosity of a Hakka intellectual woman, and she does not talk much but is full of affinity. "Meixian Water Conservancy Chronicle", "Soil and Water Conservation Research Report", as well as various topic summaries, reports, and reports, as long as they are needed, she will carefully coordinate and provide everything. During this trip, the author had the most contact with the Meixian Water Affairs Bureau, the business department in charge of the county's water control, and its civil servants.Since the reform and opening up, due to the development and changes of the water management system, the original Water Conservancy and Electricity Bureau was changed to the Water Conservancy Bureau, and in 2001 it was changed to the Water Affairs Bureau.The name has been changed several times, but the responsibilities have become more onerous, and it has managed a wider range of work related to water management and water use.The anti-benggang and rural drinking water safety projects mentioned above are just two of their work.In their year-end summary, the author saw that they have also completed many important big projects—— For example, urban and rural disaster prevention and mitigation construction projects.The organization invested nearly 240 million yuan to complete the 6.3-kilometer danger relief and reinforcement project of the county flood control embankment [Chengjiang embankment] according to the 50-year standard; another several hundred million yuan was invested to complete the Bingyan embankment, Songyuan embankment, and Shejiang embankment in townships , Xiyang Embankment and other construction and reinforcement projects; 3,000 Shantang Reservoir reinforcement projects have also been completed. For example, a number of power stations and electromechanical drainage and irrigation projects have been built and rebuilt, greatly increasing the installed capacity.With the support of the central government, more than 100 million yuan has been invested in the improvement and reinforcement of the 10,000-mu irrigation area of ​​the Bazhuang Reservoir; the construction of high-efficiency water-saving irrigation demonstration projects such as Xiyang, waterwheels, and stone pits, etc. For example, do a good job in the construction and management of small hydropower; protection of water resources and quality; water administrative law enforcement; completion of water conservancy information work, etc. Dissecting any one of the above contents is a huge and arduous project, and it can only be achieved by investing huge energy, financial and material resources.The author once conducted separate interviews on the work in charge of several deputy bureau chiefs and several technical and business backbones.From this, I feel that whether it is the deputy director Xiong Kunsheng who is in charge of water and soil conservation and water regulation management, the deputy director Gu Yinghuan who is in charge of disaster prevention and reduction and embankment projects, the deputy director Liang Qianghua who is in charge of drainage and irrigation projects, and the director Yang Haitao who is in charge of small hydropower construction management. Soil and water conservation engineer Wu, each of them is familiar with the work they are responsible for and knows it well.When they talked about water control, they put a lot of emphasis on system engineering, comprehensive management, and emphasized that you can't treat the head and the foot when you have a headache.They said that water control has been from ancient times to the present, the first is upstream storage [afforestation, sand retention, water storage]; the second is mid-stream prevention [flood control, waterlogging control, dredging]; ].Deputy Director Liang talked about farmland water conservancy and irrigation canal construction, zoning, region, canal length, and acres of fields.Deputy Director Gu accompanied the author to survey the newly built Chengjiang left bank embankment and Bingyan embankment. He said, "I have dealt with embankments for 20 to 30 years, and I feel very kind and happy when I have newly built a section of embankment." This group of water labor fraudsters has a deep relationship with Shanshui dikes.Some of them were born in the 1950s and 1960s, and some were even in the 1970s. They were in their 40s or 50s, and they had worked in flood control posts for ten to twenty years. Irrigate the greenness of the earth and the peace of the rivers and ponds. Speaking of this point, many people in the overall situation will give a thumbs up and praise their leader, Director Liu. Director Liu Huanglin is 50 years old this year, hard-working, low-key, and vigorous in his work.After graduating from technical secondary school in his early years, he worked as a general cadre to deputy mayor, deputy secretary to secretary in grass-roots towns and towns in Meixian County, and also completed on-the-job postgraduate studies.From managing a township to managing thousands of square kilometers of mountains and rivers in the entire county, he deeply feels the heavy responsibility on his shoulders.When there is a drought, he will frown and cannot sleep; when it rains heavily, his nerves will jump into strings.He knows that the objects of his work are rivers and reservoirs, and water is like his blood. In the past 5 years, he has traveled all over the main river embankments, reservoirs, power stations and Tianchou irrigation areas in the area under his jurisdiction.抵御大小洪水的江堤大坝，他要检查关注；解决十多万农民饮水不安全问题，要管；排涝站，小山塘，泄洪，清淤……哪项能丢？谁叫你的工作对象线长面广、星罗棋布呵！那天，他陪笔者去看工程，越野车在泥泞的工地上艰难地爬行。司机小郭说，跑这种路是家常便飯；跟局长下乡，常常一天要跑200公里，看好几个点，协调解决难题。我们上午看完水厂，刚进陈山村，一下子又不见了局长的身影。中午进镇上吃飯时，他说，“对不起，没陪您。我顺路到田里看一下工程队修灌渠了。渠要拉得直，不能渗漏，那工程马虎不得。” 笔者问过局里的一些干部，局长有什么业余爱好？小郭司机说，刘局从没休过星期六、星期天。有一年还用春节休息日上北京，向水利部有关部门汇报，争取新一年的项目支持。 一位副局长说，局头不休息，我们也习惯了周六、日下工地。不然他到了工地见不到人，马上电话就找来了。 华南师大研究生毕业的局纪检组长胡添华说，跟着局长做事，学到很多东西——最重要的是责任心和做人。他说，刘局长每天都写“工作日记”，要做什么，重点难点；做了什么，有什么体会，井井有条，一目了然。 当晚，费了好多口舌，才说服小胡从局长的办公室书枱里，“借”了一本日记出来。笔者预先说明，不看生活方面的记录。并当着小胡的面，摘看了几则有关工作内容： ——2008年11月12日上午，党组会 1、研究近阶段几处堤防项目跟踪； 2、讨论新河堤征地方案； 3、确定河堤进埸动工时间； ——2008年11月17日，会议内容 1、研究畬江堤工地监管人员伙食补贴。建议底金80元，烧火工20元； 2、审畬江圩镇堤设计方案变更； 记的虽然是工作计划、会议纲目、讨论要点，但也能从中看到一个水务领导者的身影。 熟悉刘煌粦的人都说，局长的工作精神难得，现在很少看到这样的干部了。他办事扎实、认真、负责，敬业、无私，充满奉献精神。 多年来，梅县水务局以出色的业绩，被县委评为文明单位、综合治理先进单位、党风廉政建设先进单位、机关先进支部；得过水利部、财政部、省政府、省水利厅的许多荣誉称号：全国农村水电初级电气化县，全国水土保持生态环境建设示范县，全国绿色小康县，等等。刘煌粦个人自2004年以来，年年都考核优秀，被县委评为优秀党员、精神文明个人；2006年，省委、省政府授予省抗洪救灾模范个人称号；另外，他还获得水利部、省水利厅和县政府许多专项荣誉称号。 对于那么多荣誉，刘局长最看重什么？他这个人的最大特点又是什么？笔者同水务局业务骨干座谈。几位副局长都说，刘局最看重农民，最像农民的儿子。他熟悉农村，对农村感情深厚。他时时想的，都是为农民办事，使百姓受益。 呵，像农民的儿子！这评价多高、多恰当，这回答多好！刘局长和他帶领的水务工作者，天天同水打交道，筑堤，泄洪，抗旱，治水；修灌渠浇灌绿，治崩岗保护绿，直至解决农户的饮水安全，绿水流进农民心窝。他梦寐以求的，哪一项不是农民的利益呢！ 对于那么多的荣誉，刘煌粦说，这绝不是个人的功劳，而是水务局上下共同努力的结果。同时也说明党和政府十分重视水务工作。 刘局长对笔者说，治水是时代的要求、环境的呼唤。治水的担子很重。治水，还有许多人干得比我们好，值得我们学习。比如梅雁水电集团和杨总，长期以来，为治水作了巨额投资和无偿奉献。“谈梅县治水，绝对不能不谈梅雁集团，也离不开梅雁集团。”刘煌粦说。 我说，十几年前，我报道过梅州民营企业家、包括梅雁集团修建梅江大堤。上月，为写梅江治水，也采访过杨钦欢老总，但总是收获甚微。谈江堤，楊总只是轻描淡写地说，“梅雁参与修了几公里”，是“市委、市政府的领导”；谈资金投入，他说“记不清了”，像是别人做的。 这次重返梅县，笔者仍然找过楊钦欢老总采访。一谈到他公司的事比如治水的投入、比如问他修过哪条堤，仍然是轻描淡写收效甚微。但同他谈社会、谈人生、谈做人之本、经商之道，他却辞峰犀利，见解独特观点颇有新意—— 他谈如何去认识伟人与改革开放。他说，毛泽东是新中国的缔造者，邓小平是改革开放总设计师，而叶剑英是改革开放的奠基人。 他说大商之道，必须是：第一，有国家民族意识，有品牌；第二，有效益，能赚钱，能增加财富；第三，有能力了，会重视回报社会。 他用通俗的语言解释什么叫科学发展观。他说，以最少的资源成本去发揮最大的效益，同时对环境对生态影响又最小，这种模式叫科学发展。长期以此观念作指导，就叫科学发展观。 他谈传统文化中“权衡”的出处和寓意。他说，传统16两秤杆上的星，叫“权”，秤砣叫“衡”。秤杆上的星，1至7是北斗七星；8至13代表东西南北和上下六个方位，掌秤人为中；14至16三颗星代表福、禄、寿。掌秤人居中间，要有方向有他人，才能健康长寿，才有福禄寿。 同杨总在一起吃一顿饭，隨时会听见他冒出有意思的话题。新意迭出，妙语连珠。完全是一位思想型企业家的思维风格，办事风格。 记者和作家都喜欢追根溯源。那么，这位企业家杨总，为梅县为梅州以至各地的治水，做过哪些贡献办过哪些事呢？ 这次重返梅县，笔者得到一个很大的收获：刘局长给了一份权威的数字，列出了梅雁集团公司，多年来对治水的总体投入情况—— 投资4亿元，完成了轩中水库、添溪水库等共15宗蓄水工程，库容7100万立方米； 投资6.33亿元，完成了畬江河堤、梅南河堤、丙雁河堤、程江河堤和松源河堤等11宗总长88.63公里的堤围工程； 投资23亿元，兴建蓬辣水电站、单竹窝水电站、坝头水电站、龙上水电站和三龙水电站等共39宗工程，装机191670千瓦； 投资5000多万元，完成了雁洋东南片供水工程； 另外，还有一些应急抢修、水库移民安置补贴、工程后续整治等项目投资。 这些惊人的数字、巨大的投入，揭示的是一位民营企业家与水的情感和事业的精神。几十年来，他全情投入，用全部心血，从治水管水，到亲水导水用水养水反哺水；水，成了他的朋友、他企业的主业、他的品牌；他与水携手为经济发展服务，去造福父老乡亲，体现的是大商之道中的品牌素质和回报社会的理念。当这种理念从物质创造力的层面延伸到精神文化层面的时候，当他主持的的策划如一声响雷，划过华夏大地的时候，回头再联系“梅雁效益，众人得益”这宗旨，我才深刻领会到什么叫“梅雁精神”！ 亲爱的读者，你看看，杨总的性格，像不像水的性格？梅雁精神，像不像水的精神？ 【李钟声：中国作家协会会员、国务院特殊津贴专家，曾任《南方日报》副总编辑兼《南方日报》出版社总编辑、广东省文艺批评家协会副主席，现任广东省文化学会副会长、《报告文学》杂志顾问、河源市文化局战略发展顾问。 】