Chapter 36 Chapter 35 The Meijiang River Flows Up in My Heart——Songs of Water Control by the Sons and Daughters of Meizhou

See also Meijiang. Standing on this majestic, magnificent and beautiful South Embankment, on the surface of the river is the river water shining like satin in the morning sun.On the opposite bank, the old city is guarded by a solid new embankment, and there are many high-rise buildings; the southern part behind it has already become a new urban area.The newly built streets are wide, the newly built residential buildings are lined up, and there is a lot of traffic, which is completely a modern new city scene. Ah, is this the county seat of my hometown, Meizhou?Is it the Meijiang River that has been running in my dreams for decades?

I suppressed the passion of a wanderer returning home to see my mother, staring, scanning, and searching... I kept flipping through the memories in my brain bank more than 30 years ago, just like the flashback of a movie screen, the same as the scene in front of me. Scenes are compared, connected and recalled one by one... At this moment, I feel that I can't express my understanding of these changes in one or two sentences to describe the changes in Meijiang in front of me.Whether it is a native of Meizhou who has lived here for a long time, or a hasty passer-by who has started a self-driving Meizhou tour in recent years, they all express their sincere admiration for the construction achievements and environmental beauty of the "one river and two banks" by the Meijiang River. admiration.As a writer, I think the most suitable thing in front of me is to read and think carefully first.Of course, as a wanderer who grew up drinking the water of the Meijiang River, he could not repay his parents with a single piece of gold or silver. Today, he can write a story about the water control of his hometown—try hard to write a strong song, which is very rare and precious. For more than 30 years, starting from the position of a writer and reporter, the author has written many reportages, including Ye Shuai's last trip to his hometown, the secretary of the county party committee in Leizhou, labor models, entrepreneurs, and reformers... Today I want to use my pen to record the relationship and history between Hakka children and Meijiang. I feel both honored and heavy in my heart.The author is well aware that my writing process is a very meaningful interview with my hometown, but it is a late interview - deep down in my heart is a sense of being late for the relationship between human beings, water and nature, and A sense of indebtedness to return home too late.

Now, when I am standing on the Meijiang River Embankment with this mission, it is really difficult to match the scene in front of me with the lens in my mind:—— What about the low and dilapidated earth embankment by the river that I walked 30 years ago?That is the embankment that is always covered with cuts and bruises after the flood every spring and summer.It could not withstand the scour of the flood, and it collapsed nine times in ten years.It can't protect the residential houses and fields on the shore, whether it's golden rice, booting corn, or green vegetable gardens, they will disappear without a trace in the flood in the blink of an eye.Out of sight is the muddy Zeguo.Many mud-brick houses that could not withstand flooding collapsed, and villagers were displaced.After the chickens, geese, pigs and ducks who had nowhere to escape drowned, the ground smelled bad, and snakes and rats ran rampant...

In front of you, a long embankment built of granite faces the two banks, solid as a rock, controlling the quiet river.In front of the well-polished granite fence, the old man throws a long fishing rod and fishes leisurely; on the wide concrete embankment, cars drive in an orderly manner; on one side of the square surrounded by flower beds, dancers dance lightly. —— What about the Catholic Church with yellow walls and green tiles under the south embankment in front of the center?It was a church with melodious bells under the scorching sun. During the "Cultural Revolution", under the slogans of "breaking the four olds" and "smashing feudalism and repairs" by the Red Guards, it was smashed to pieces; The thorns and bamboos at the head of the village and the fish pond with big hungry eyes are silently watching the sunset...

In front of you, under the protection of the majestic river embankment, wide streets radiate away, with many shops and the noise of the city; new houses with balconies in Kedu New Village are arranged in an orderly manner; a magnificent "Ye Jianying Gymnasium" is written The building is magnificent.It is like a business card of this city, which immediately reminds people of the reputation of "the hometown of football and sports" that has always been here. In front of the eyes, in front of the high embankment, green waves are rippling, and the river is full of water.I know that on the Meijiang River in Bing Village, not far from the city, a dam and a hydropower station have been built long ago, and the river is inexhaustible all year round.There is no beach football game in front of me. Today, the little girl who has reached the age of piling sand is practicing skipping rope on the river embankment instead. ——

It is even more unforgettable that the small fishing boat on the river played the boatman's chant under the moon.The girl fetching water and doing laundry by the river uttered enthusiastic and emotional Hakka folk songs, and the singing wafted along the flowing water... Of course, this poetic picture can only appear in a year with good weather, and then there will be such a happy and peaceful day.Such a happy life and a peaceful scene are the dreams and hopes of generations of Hakkas on both sides of the Meijiang River! The author grew up by a tributary of the Meijiang River near Meicheng. I used to think that I was more familiar with the character of Meijiang and the development and changes on both sides of the river.In the vague memory of the author, Meijiang is affectionate and gentle, but also angry and unrestrained from time to time.

In a word, whether it is a parent official or an ordinary Meizhou person who is a wanderer, Meijiang is the river of our blood and heart! Compared with the mighty Yangtze River, Yellow River, and Pearl River, the Meijiang River in Meizhou seems less famous and well-known.Like the local Hakka people who are accustomed to hard work, she has been happy to be neighbors with mountains and companions with thousands of hills and valleys for generations.It passes through mountains and valleys, through valleys and hills, leads the dense streams and rivers, merges into Hanjiang River, and then flows into the South China Sea through Chaoshan.

Meijiang, in the big Jianghe family on the mainland of China, is just the younger brother and younger sister.However, she is so lively and lively, she likes to sing and dance on the bumpy land; she is so stubborn that thousands of mountains and mountains cannot stop her footsteps; Of course, sometimes you can play your temper and show off your prestige and anger. If we stand in front of a large-scale map of the Meizhou area, we can see that the Meizhou area, which is shaped like a plum tree leaf, is located in the northeast of Guangdong, in the middle and upper reaches of the Han River, and is the intersection of Fujian, Jiangxi, and Guangdong provinces.Meizhou City has jurisdiction over Meixian, Xingning, Dapu, Wuhua, Pingyuan, Jiaoling, Fengshun County and Meijiang District.Historically, the counties were successively subordinate to Nanhai County, Ngee An County, Xunzhou, Chaozhou, etc.In the twelfth year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty [1733], Jiaying Prefecture in Zhili was established, which was the governor of Guangdong.Geographically speaking, the land in Meizhou is about 167 kilometers wide from east to west and 172 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of ​​more than 15,000 square kilometers.The entire terrain slopes from northwest and northeast to southeast. The Lianhua Mountains extend from Meixian, Dapu, Xingning, and Wuhua from northeast to southwest. Together with thousands of rivers and streams, they divide many small platforms, small plains, small basins and river valley.According to records, there are more than 50 rivers with a rain-collecting area of ​​more than 100 square kilometers.The main rivers in Meizhou are Hanjiang River and Meijiang River, as well as Meijiang’s tributaries Qinjiang, Ningjiang, Wuhua River, Chengjiang, Shiku River, Songyuan River, and Hanjiang’s tributary Tingjiang River; beside these rivers Meicheng, Xingning, Shuizhai, Jiaoling, Bingcun, Songkou, Dapu, etc. are like precious gourds, becoming the local political, economic and cultural centers.

Don't talk about the huge earth in the vast universe, just look at Meizhou in the corner of the mainland of China, the mountains, the rivers, the rivers, the streams, and the accompanying hydrology, meteorology, trees, grasses, and all things are complex enough.Don't say that human beings evolved from the origin of microorganisms on this earth, and they were born and grown because of water. Just look at the 5 million Hakka people in the mountains of northeastern Guangdong. Water is as important as their blood and life.Meijiang is the river of life, the mother river of Hakka children in northeast Guangdong!

The Hakka people moved from the Central Plains and lived in the mountains. No, it should be said that they lived along the water among the hills and mountains in the northeast of Guangdong.Cheng Min, the first Hakka sage who the author and a group of cultural archaeologists participated in the demonstration, moved to the south 1600 years ago, and settled by the Yihong stream in Yantou, Guanwoli, Pingyuan County.This is the former site of Cheng Yuanhe.Flow River, a branch of Meijiang not far from here, is also named after Cheng Min.Like countless sages of the Chinese nation, Cheng Min and his descendants lived by water.Mountains and streams are the parents of Hakka children in northeast Guangdong.The Hakka people grew up in their arms and inherited the character of the mountains and rivers in northeastern Guangdong.

Daxi Village, the author's hometown, is by the Chengjiang River, which is 5 miles upstream from Dujiangjin in the western suburbs of Meicheng.Here, he was baptized nine times ten years before liberation, and his original name was Dashuiyan.There are 60 or 70 families in the village. They were first bred by two brothers and have been handed down for nearly 30 generations.It is said that the two brothers lived in Songyuan in the lower reaches of the Meijiang River. During the slack season, they carried bamboo rafts and carried cormorants to fish along the Meijiang River. When they entered the crescent-shaped section of the Chengjiang River, they saw a lush land on the right bank. , in Hezhizhou, next to the Jigang mountain forest full of big pine trees in the distance.The two brothers settled down here, leaving behind two incense-filled ancestral halls called "Upper House" and "Lower House" today, and hundreds of prosperous descendants. The legend is almost as beautiful as a myth, but the memory is accompanied by joys and sorrows.In the author's childhood impression, people in Dashuiyan deal with water every day, no matter in production or life, they cannot do without the trickling Chengjiang River.They love water and hate water.Every spring and summer before and after the Dragon Boat Festival, as long as there is a heavy rain, the Chengjiang flood will show its power.The fathers and brothers hoeed and picked up the dustpan and carried the soil to the embankment, fighting all night.Often, amidst the sound of rain, the long embankment is brightly lit for several miles, and the urgent sound of gongs continues.If the rainstorm lasts for a few more days, people will not be able to fight against the sky. The flood may break the embankment, or overflow the roof, and the flood is worthy of the name.The old people still have lingering fears when they talk about these things. On a sunny day when the sun was high, when I was a child, my parents built "pitou" on the river course - that is, to choose the gentle and narrow place of the river, and use the thick pine tree piles to sandwich the miscanthus grass. This is the oldest folk barrier. River water diversion irrigation project.By the time of the Great Leap Forward in 1958, the Daping Reservoir and the Meixi Water Conservancy Diversion Project were built in the upper reaches of the Chengjiang River, benefiting all the villages on both sides of the lower reaches.Floods have been reduced, and fertile fields have been irrigated.Even some low-lying and low-yielding fields that were often flooded in the past have become stable and high-yielding because of the regulation of water conservancy and irrigation canals. After the "Cultural Revolution", the commune rehabilitated the river again and again to heal Chengjiang's wounds: first, it cut the curved river and straightened it for tens of kilometers; The head of the Hongkang Hydropower Station.Floods have been reduced, and the farmers in the village have used electric lights and water turbines for rice milling. Cheng Jiang is loved, and Cheng Jiang is hated.The relationship between Dashuiyan and Chengjiang, and the ups and downs of Dashuiyan and water, are the epitome of the relationship between hundreds of Hakka mountain villages and water.Generations of Hakka people who have spoken Amu dialect and said "Ya" affectionately, their fathers occupied the mountain as their king, did they ever think that nature [including Jianghe] will give you so much Trouble? Hakka people, facing the mountains and rivers, straighten your spine! On the first day I arrived in Meizhou, Cheng Xianzhang, the former dean of the Provincial Writers Association College of Literature, invited Xiao Zhaosui, the director of the Municipal Water Conservancy Bureau, to meet with the author and ask him to introduce the city's water control situation.Director Xiao explained that the office has prepared a large amount of materials, including "Meijiang Water Conservancy Chronicles" and recent years' waterlogging of rivers and reservoirs and the construction of small hydropower for drainage and irrigation. Director Xiao looked to be in his fifties, energetic and capable.He spoke calmly and was familiar with the situation.From the geographical characteristics of Meizhou’s mountains and rivers to the arduous task of water control; from the difficult start in the 1950s to the three stages of subsequent development; from the high-standard urban dikes of “one river and two banks” to the “Meizhou model” promoted by the Ministry of Water Resources... He said , Meizhou's previous leaders have attached great importance to water control.The geographical feature of Meizhou is "eight mountains, one water and one field". The people of Meizhou in all dynasties understand that water control, road construction, and school running must not be lost. Meizhou, as a mountainous city located in the northeast of Guangdong, has always had many flood disasters, and water conservancy has a great impact on industrial and agricultural production.According to experts in water conservancy, economic development is much more dependent on rivers than in plain areas. Towns and economic zones in the shape of "treasure gourds" are all relying on the banks of vine-like rivers, and their survival is closely related.In the city's 15,000 square kilometers of land, there are 1,500 kilometers of named rivers, rivers, streams, and streams.Since liberation, more than 9,600 large and small water conservancy projects have been built in the city.If the head of the Water Resources Bureau visits one case a day, it will take more than 30 years; if he visits two cases a day, it will take 16.5 years!In addition, there are more than 700 reservoirs, accounting for one-tenth of the total number of reservoirs in the province. The author feels that the water in the hills and mountains of northeastern Guangdong is as naughty as wild children in the mountains, not as friendly and gentle as the water in the Pearl River Delta Plain.When the rivers in northeastern Guangdong flow through the basin, the slope of the riverbed is small, and the flow is large when the flood peak comes. The "treasure gourds" around it cannot withstand the impact of floods and often suffer from floods; and these rivers flow When passing through the mountains, the riverbed has a steep slope, a large natural drop, and abundant water resources, but the floods are easy to rise and retreat, and mountain torrent disasters are frequent; some areas have serious soil erosion; .Faced with these complex geographical and hydrological conditions, generations of Meizhou people have experienced and felt, and in order to properly handle the relationship with water, they have put in a lot of effort and made many attempts.There is an old Chinese saying, "The benevolent enjoys mountains, the wise enjoys water".Hakka ancestors are really a group of benevolent and wise men. They chose mountains and loved them for generations. They pursued water and tried to control water for generations.According to local chronicles—— In the first year of Kaixi in the Southern Song Dynasty [1205], Cai Xianren in Dapu donated money to dig a canal, which was seven or eight miles long and irrigated 3,000 mu of land. Wu Faqian, the third patriarch of Yekuang Niaochi, a Jinshi in Ming Dynasty, built a stone pit at the junction of Zhukeng and Niaochi. The canal is 20 miles long and irrigates more than 1,500 mu, and it is still effective today. In the 21st year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty [1485], the 30-mile-long Zhouxuan Zhen built by Wuhua Zhouxuan in Wuhua Oilfield Township is well-known far and near. In the twenty-first year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty [1682], Fengshun built Luojiayue [now Tangnan] Bajiaokuang Reservoir, and used it to store water to irrigate the fields. In the eighth year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty [1743], Yu Pei, governor of Jiaying Prefecture, presided over the construction of a 2-mile-long and more than Zhang wide Yugong embankment outside the east gate of Meicheng to divert water and divert it. In the nineteenth year of the Republic of China [1930], Chen Hongkai, an overseas Chinese in Xingning, built the Xinxu Xiangshuijing Hydropower Station with an installed capacity of 115 kilowatts and an annual power generation of about 50,000 kilowatt-hours.The villagers at that time felt very novel. ... These cases have set an example for future generations and should be written into the history of water conservancy in Meizhou. Of course, from today's point of view, the scale of these historical cases is very small, and it is difficult to shake the river.On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to the Japanese invasion of China during the eight-year war of resistance and the flood in 1949, the dilapidated water conservancy facilities were even more dilapidated.There are only dozens of so-called flood embankments in the whole city. The dike bodies are thin and the disaster resistance capacity is very low. Many of the embankment crests are below the flood water level.At that time, there was not much equipment for farmland irrigation, and the area irrigated by natural water far exceeded the area irrigated by Kuangyang and Pozhen.In other words, the peasants are completely in a state of looking up to the sky.Without the ability to prevent and resist disasters, the earth is riddled with holes. After liberation, the changes in production relations promoted the development of productive forces.Until the "Cultural Revolution" and during the "Cultural Revolution", it can be said that it was the first stage of Meizhou Daxing Water Conservancy.The characteristics of this stage are: mobilize the masses, rely on self-reliance, work hard, and write the first new chapter of water control.At this stage, although a very primitive method was used to tame water, a large number of water conservancy projects were also built.This stage of more than 20 years can be divided into three stages: The early stage, from 1950 to 1957, was the restoration and initial development period of Meizhou's water conservancy.At that time, the people's government, starting from the expectation of quenching their thirst, organized and led the masses to block the embankment, repair the embankment, and carry out the practice of "one small water conservancy for one village" and "one village for one village".In Meixian County, Chengjiang Tielu Embankment and Guazidu Embankment; in Meijiang River, Zhongxinyan Embankment and Baimatou Embankment; in Xingning County, Peixiu Qukuang to Xinxu Embankment will be elevated by 1 to 2 meters across the board, and 2 to 4 meters in some cases.In Wuhua County, a total of 104 kilometers of Wuhua River and Qinjiang water systems have been fully renovated.Fengshun rehabilitated the Beihe River and Tangnan Embankment of the Rongjiang River, which improved the ability to resist floods.Jiaoling County mobilized 35,000 laborers to complete the repair and reinforcement of flood embankments on both sides of the Shiku River in the winter of 1952, first reaching the standard of resisting floods once every 20 years. Start to build some water diversion projects and Kuang reservoirs.In Dapu County, a total of 297 Shankang reservoirs were built by 1952.189 cases of water diversion from Pitou solved the irrigation problem of 57,000 mu of cultivated land.Pingyuan County built and maintained 640 small-scale water conservancy projects, improving the irrigation area of ​​more than 30,000 mu. The autumn drought in 1954 and the Changchun drought in the second year prompted the original small-scale projects to develop into larger-scale water storage and diversion projects.Meixian went to Yangbeijing, Yangerpi, and Shedongpi; Xingning went to Donggou; Wuhua went to Shanshanjiao and Dasong River; Fengshun went to Sukushan and Qingtanpi; Pingyuan went to Gaofengpi , Tiejiapi, and built 11 small reservoirs such as Meixian Pankeng, Xingning Shizha, and Wuhua Sankeng. In the middle period, from 1958 to 1965, the Great Leap Forward entered a period of three years of economic difficulties and adjustments, and the combination of large, medium and small water conservancy continued to develop.In terms of water storage projects, there are three medium-sized reservoir projects in Meixi, Jiangjunge, and Xifeng in Meixian County; 11 small-scale reservoir projects in Xiaomi, Aiziping, and Shikeng; and 3 medium-sized reservoir projects in Xingning County, including Heshui, Shibi, and Wengong. 20 small reservoirs including Hefuling and Donghu, plus 8 Wuhua, 2 Dapu, 4 Fengshun, 1 Pingyuan, etc., totaling 1 large, 6 medium and 46 small reservoirs . The later period, from 1966 to 1976, was a special era of the "Cultural Revolution".Political and social life is abnormal, but water conservancy work has not stopped in Meizhou.One is that people in areas short of electricity are actively building small hydropower.The installed capacity of small hydropower in Meizhou grew from 6,592 kilowatts in 1966 to 65,406 kilowatts in 1976, an increase of 10 times in 10 years.Second, in terms of irrigation and water storage projects, 7 large and medium-sized reservoirs such as Meixi, Wuhua Yikuang, and Pingyuan Huangtian, 58 small-scale reservoirs such as Jiaoling Huangzhuping, and small second-type and Miankuang reservoirs were built. A total of more than 4,000 water storage projects.The third is the development of small hydroelectric elevators, electric water pumping for irrigation and drainage, and flood control embankment projects, all of which have made great progress and large-scale development.During the ten-year "Cultural Revolution", Meizhou's water conservancy, hydropower, flood control, and waterlogging control achieved great results. The key is that the leaders of Meizhou City and its subordinate counties led the masses, eliminated interference, and devoted themselves to water conservancy. Numbers are boring.The author summarizes the work of dozens of rivers and 5 million people working with water for more than 20 years, and lists a few sets of numbers boringly into one stage. Maybe it is too simple, but as long as we think about these numbers in a little detail and in depth, we can certainly Experience the great achievements of Meizhou people in water conservancy construction and the unspeakable hardships that have been paid inside.Reservoirs, how many immigrants have been relocated?Without their painstaking dedication to leave their homes and donate their homes, would there be such a "water storage bag" that benefits the people today?How many Hakka sons and daughters' sweat have been condensed in the river embankments and the big gates?There were no trucks, dump trucks, or earth-moving machines in the construction of embankments in those years, only the contributions of farmers, the support of cadres and workers, and the suspension of students.Wearing the stars and wearing the moon, eating in the wind and sleeping in the open, hoes and dung skips, and people carry them on their shoulders.The industrious Hakka children use this most primitive method to lead the bull-nosed bridle that has been smashed like a mad cow for thousands of years-this kind of thing that seems very difficult, strenuous and very miraculous today, was in those days. It is very ordinary, so ordinary that everyone has participated in it every day.Why are they?It is based on the hatred of the flood that devoured the homeland, the expectation of a good harvest and the longing for a new life. This is the character of the industrious Hakka people who love their homeland.It is the indomitable fighting spirit of Hakka children in the face of difficulties.This kind of character and spirit has been honed from their lives in the poor mountains and rivers for generations. The first stage of Meizhou's governance of the mountains and rivers after liberation described above took a long time span, mobilized a lot of manpower, and took a lot of effort.In the land of northeastern Guangdong, there were basically no water conservancy facilities and no water conservancy actions before liberation, and natural disasters came and were helpless. In the past 20 years, hundreds of miles of dikes and thousands of large and small reservoirs have been built at once. It is also an extraordinary achievement. up! But when we look back today, this is just a start, a very preliminary and very close to the original work.At the beginning of Liberation, hoes, shoulder poles, and baskets were used for construction, and at most a few hammers and steel drills were added; during the "Great Leap Forward", tools were reformed, with wheelbarrows, chicken carts, and earthwork blasting.All localities still feel powerless and have not touched the key points and fundamentals, and just stay at the level of "small fights".At that time, the whole people had a strong demand and desire to build water conservancy projects. However, due to limited financial and material resources and limited knowledge of things, it was not easy to resist the "once in ten years" flood. At that time, most of them could only It's the headache doctor who treats the head and feet.For example, the Chengjiang River has been suffering from disasters for a long time, so it spent a lot of effort to build a Huangshilun Hydropower Station upstream, hoping to reduce the pressure on the Meijiang River; This is necessary; the river bed is silted up and excavated continuously, but the fundamental problem of how to control soil erosion has not been given an important position to solve.According to statistics, in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, after land reform, large-scale afforestation and mountain closure for afforestation, soil erosion was controlled, river sediment was reduced, and the area of ​​water and soil erosion in the city was about 1,100 square kilometers.However, after the "Great Leap Forward" in 1958, the deforestation of the mountains and forests, and the anarchy during the "Cultural Revolution", the mountains and forests were destroyed again, and the area of ​​water and soil erosion in the city more than doubled, reaching more than 2,550 square kilometers.The Meijiang River and Wuhua River were listed as the rivers with the largest sediment concentration in the province and one of the rivers with the largest sediment concentration in the country in the 1980s, with a suspended sediment concentration of 0.65 kg per cubic meter.The Xingning Heshui Reservoir with an original storage capacity of 110 million cubic meters has silted up 12 million cubic meters in 20 years; the Shibi Reservoir with a storage capacity of 5 million cubic meters has silted up 4.33 million cubic meters over a long period of time, which is equivalent to wasting four-fifths of the storage capacity.Wuhua River and Qinjiang River have become the most typical aboveground rivers.In the early 1980s, Lin Ruo, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, accompanied General Secretary Hu Yaobang to inspect Wuhua and eastern Guangdong.In his report to the cadres, Lin Ruo pointed out that building the railway is the dream of Meizhou people for generations, and Ye Shuai has always been concerned about it; and the most urgent thing in Meizhou at present is to manage rivers and solve the problem of soil erosion.Plant trees and grass to restore vegetation as soon as possible. Talking about this incident, the writer Cheng Xianzhang said that the report meeting of that year is still vivid in front of his eyes.General Secretary Hu cared about Meizhou as much as Ye Shuai did. Ye Shuai talked to the leaders when he left Meizhou after returning to his hometown for an inspection in 1980. Didn’t he also talk about decades, and the mountains in his hometown are still smooth?You speak so earnestly!Secretary Lin Ruo's words hit the nail on the head.Lin Ruo said, I stayed in Meizhou before liberation, and I am familiar with Meijiang.The section of the river behind the Catholic Church on the South Embankment of Meicheng used to be accessible for swimming, but in the early 1980s, the river was silted up, and four-fifths of it became a beach.Shocking!Lao Cheng told the author that at that time, floods occurred every year, with a small amount of water every year and a large amount of water every three years.One year, on the first day of the Lunar New Year, the streets of Meicheng were flooded. Fast forward to 1986. On July 10, Typhoon No. 7 hit Meizhou.Heavy rain fell across the region for several days. "At 10 o'clock that night, there were 36 gaps in the 20-kilometer length of the Meicheng South Embankment. Meicheng and the surrounding towns suddenly became Zeguo; the North Embankment also collapsed, and a vast ocean. Flooded. The whole family, pigs, sheep and six animals were all crowded on the embankment. The boat was under the Meijiang Bridge and could not be adjusted. Some city and county leaders and people were trapped in offices or houses. Until 4 p.m. , A wooden boat was transferred from the Pankeng tourist area. The city and county leaders relied on this boat to direct the emergency rescue and disaster relief. After a few days, the water slowly receded and there was a mess everywhere. Snakes and insects were infested. It was horrible." In the catastrophe, the roads in Meizhou were impassable. At that time, Lin Ruo, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, brought relevant leaders, and flew to direct the disaster relief. He also alerted the United Nations and sent people to see the disaster.” This is what Lao Cheng recalled in detail when he recalled the scene describe. According to the "Meizhou Water Conservancy History", 131 out of 156 townships in the city were affected by the flood, with a population of 2.22 million, 1.37 million mu of farmland, 175,000 tons of grain, 53,000 houses collapsed, and 120 deaths , More than 5,000 water conservancy facilities were destroyed.The total economic loss was 640 million yuan. In the early morning of July 14, the water level in Meicheng reached 79.56 meters.The extent of the disaster and the loss are the largest floods in Meizhou since the founding of the People's Republic of China. At that time, the leaders of Meizhou City, Xie Qianghua, Liu Fengyi, Li Guorong, etc., were sleepless for days and nights, directing the rescue.Resettle the victims.The water was blocked and the embankment was rebuilt, and production resumed.They came in the wind and rain, went in the muddy water, their eyes were bloodshot. This fierce flood pushed the leaders and masses of Meizhou City to the cliff.Is this a nightmare, the crowd wonders?Is this Meicheng really uninhabitable in the future?The leaders are thinking: This aggressive flood is stronger than every previous one, but it will certainly not be the last; what does it convey to us?What does it warn us about?Meizhou people face Haohao Hongbo, what should they do when they come down? Through research, they quickly reached a consensus: to continue to focus on the upstream vegetation, to transform the earth embankment in front of them, and to build a long embankment that can withstand a major flood once in 50 years! But what about money?Because of the construction of this dike, the past filling soil can no longer be used to pile up the soil, and the earth dike cannot withstand the flood that occurs once in 50 years.It is necessary to improve the standard, build stones, and build granite stones that will not be weathered and not afraid of stormy waves hitting the shore.This stone embankment is not ten meters or one hundred meters, nor is it a mile or two, but a long embankment to protect the city.Where does the money come from? "Introduce the market mechanism and build a river with both banks".After continuous exploration, the leaders of the Meizhou Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, starting from Xie Qianghua, Liu Fengyi, and Li Guorong, to Secretary Liu Rizhi, relayed each term, summarized and improved while working, and finally found a way to "adhere to the government's leadership and boldly introduce market mechanisms". The original and brand-new model has persistently transformed and constructed Meicheng's "one river and two banks" as a key project of water conservancy disaster prevention and mitigation. It has made long-term efforts in a difficult environment and achieved remarkable results.Up to now, Meicheng has invested more than 1 billion yuan in the renovation and construction of "one river and two banks". According to the standard of 50 to 100 years, more than 20 kilometers of south embankment, north embankment, and west embankment reconstruction projects have been completed.It has ensured the safety of life and property of Meicheng and its citizens, and built a barrier for the urban area. Typhoon No. 10 hit in 1997, which was more violent than Typhoon No. 86.7. The flood water exceeded the warning water level by 2.05 meters, but the Meizhou embankment was safe and sound.Residents of Meicheng have changed from "fighting against floods" during the annual flood season to "watching floods" on embankments.The author believes that this joke is an ironclad evidence of the turning point of Meizhou's water conservancy and should be recorded in history. The Meizhou embankment is a beautiful business card of Meizhou, and a masterpiece of water control by the Meizhou Municipal Party Committee, the Municipal Government and the people of Meizhou.It embodies the Hakka people's wisdom, hard work and tenacious spirit of advancing and retreating with their homeland.The urban area of ​​Meizhou is located in the river basin in the middle reaches of the Meijiang River, with a rain-collecting area of ​​more than 8,000 square kilometers in the upper reaches.The author described it as the golden belt of Meizhou City in a symposium.However, it is often flooded during the flood season.It is full of tears from generations of Meizhou people.Due to the limitations of historical conditions, the flood control project is simple and the defense standard is low. For a long time, the Meijiang River Embankment has only been a low and narrow earth embankment in the southern part of the county;When the flood came, both the north and the south became the country of Ze, and suffered heavy losses. The great flood in 1986 alerted the people of Meizhou that they had no choice.With the support of the province, they began to repair and strengthen the south embankment of the Meizhou embankment; and raised more than 20 million yuan. It took five years to build a new 7.6 km north embankment of the Meizhou embankment, making the embankment standard of the Meizhou embankment reach the once-in-20-year standard.However, with the development of the city, this embankment standard cannot meet the flood problem in Meicheng, and it is urgent to improve the ability of flood control and disaster reduction in Meicheng. Since 1993, the Meizhou Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government have placed the reconstruction and construction of "one river and two banks" as a key project of water conservancy disaster prevention and mitigation, and placed it in an important position and focused on organizing and implementing it.Going to the Municipal Party Committee Office now, you can see more than 10 documents including the "Decision on Accelerating the Renovation and Construction of the Meijiang River Embankment" issued that year. This project was regarded as a breakthrough point for ten key projects in the city at that time, and it was proposed that "high starting point fortification, high Standard transformation and construction", raising the defense standard from the original 20-year encounter to 50-100-year encounter, realizing the integration of flood control, drainage, transportation, and landscape.According to the staging of local water conservancy experts, Meizhou's water control at this time has entered the second stage, which is the high-standard stage of scale and grade. This large-scale project, which has become one of the top ten embankments in the province today, has not come easily. For the reconstruction and construction of "one river and two banks", the fundamental problem of "where does the money come from" mentioned above is the most troublesome problem for the municipal party committee and the municipal government.For this reason, in accordance with the requirements of emancipating the mind, advancing with the times, and pioneering and innovating, they insisted on "government setting up the stage and enterprises performing operas", boldly pushing the reconstruction and construction of both sides of the river to the market, exchanging land for dikes, using land to generate wealth, and motivating the society. Investment has blazed a new path of urban embankment construction that conforms to the reality of Meizhou.They adopted models such as "combination of government guidance and enterprise operation", "combination of embankment renovation and real estate development", and "combination of water conservancy construction and urban construction", formulated preferential conditions and measures to ensure high-quality completion of the project, and fully promoted the implementation of the project.More than ten years ago, the author interviewed Xie Qianghua, then Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee, for this purpose.He said that at that time, the municipal party committee and the municipal government thought twice, because no one had ever done this before. In the past, the state invested in the government to pay for the construction of water conservancy projects. The government had no money and could only stare blankly.We tried to use the market model to mobilize the enthusiasm of social investment, and found a way.Here, as leaders, we are doing what we should do; what deserves your newspapers' vigorous promotion are the local overseas Chinese businessmen and private entrepreneurs who have contributed money and efforts to the construction of "one river and two banks", as well as the people of Meizhou. The words of Secretary Xie back then are still fresh in the author's memory.Everyone in Meizhou remembers that there was no money when the construction of the Meizhou South Embankment started. It was Mr. Zeng Xianzi who took the lead in donating 3.8 million yuan to make a test model for the first phase of the project.At the same time, after strict screening by the city, four companies, Meiyan Group, Weihua Group, Baolihua Group and Urban Construction Development Corporation, with strong strength and high qualifications, were determined to be the main investment force for renovation and construction. "Three birds with one stone", a project that benefits all three parties—— First of all, water conservancy construction benefits.On both sides of Meicheng, more than 20 kilometers of flood control embankments finally stood up.Meicheng has never suffered from floods since then.The dreams of generations of local people have become reality.This is great event. Second, several companies benefit from market operations.While building the embankment, they obtained hundreds of acres of tidal flats, developed real estate, and benefited the enterprise. Third, benefit from municipal construction.The granite guardrails of the embankments on both sides of the banks have turned into avenues full of flowers; the tidal flats have turned into wide streets and beautiful residential areas.The government spends less investment, and the mountain city becomes more beautiful. The "One River, Two Banks" project was later hailed by the Ministry of Water Resources as the "Meizhou Model" of urban embankment construction in my country, and it was promoted nationwide.The Ministry of Construction also awarded it the 2002 "Human Settlement Environment Model Award". This is the "Meizhou model" that will benefit future generations and shine in China for thousands of years.Behind the project, how much sweat and hard work did Meizhou cadres put in!For example, the efforts of private entrepreneurs such as Meiyan Group and Baolihua Group who are responsible for the project.When Lao Cheng talked about this topic to the author, he said, "In the early 1990s, after I returned to live in Meizhou, A Huan [Yang Qinhuan] started to do some southern projects. I have always been with A Huan. My relationship with the party organization was in Meizhou Yan Group, who lived an organizational life with him, knows A Huan very well. Mei Yan Group was listed on September 12, 1994. Long before the listing, A Huan liked to deal with water. Before the establishment of the group, he worked outside After earning some money from the project, he went back to his hometown to build canals and divert water, and brought water from the Rongshukeng Reservoir to the village to solve the drinking water and irrigation problems of the villagers. As soon as the group was established, he built dams on the river beach, invested in hydropower stations, and made water from the Meizhou mountainous area. When it arrived in Guangxi, it became the main business of the group today. "I remember that the idea of ​​exchanging land for embankments was brought up by A Huan very early on. Before the group went public, the Municipal Sports Bureau wanted to build a new gymnasium and training ground near the south embankment, but they couldn't find any land. There was only a piece of muddy beach next to the river. He rolled up his trousers, inspected the tidal flats with the director of sports, and counted bamboo heads on the mud flats. How many plants are there? How much should farmers be compensated? What should the government do if there is no money? At that time, from the perspective of enterprises, exchanging land for dikes There may be economic risks. But A Huan said that entrepreneurs must have a conscience and a sense of social responsibility!" This is the character and soul of entrepreneurs in Meizhou.The author is in Meizhou this time, and interviewed Mr. Yang.It was a morning.bay pond.In his simple office, people come and go.Those who ask for instructions, those who send documents, and those who submit contracts, are constantly flowing.Mr. Yang, with gray hair and hale and hearty spirit, dealt with it in an orderly and unhurried manner.Cigarettes were smoked one after another.When I asked him about the construction of the South Embankment, he said that it was a courageous and knowledgeable organization of the municipal party committee and the municipal government.The group company just invested a little money and repaired several kilometers of dikes.CEOs of other companies like Ye Huaneng and Li Jianhua have done very well.He didn't mention a word to himself, and asked him again, saying that he didn't remember.就像是别人做的。 笔者转而同他谈各种见闻天下各地治水大事。他仍然是不紧不慢，轻言细语，但却常常是妙语连珠。他说，几十年来，国人总是谈“水利”，近些年才有人提“治水”。其实，水利和治水，是两个不能等同的概念。治水是纲，包含的范围更大；水利是目，是其中的一支。治水应包含四个内容：一是植被。没有植被，无从谈治水；二是对水的驾驭、利用，即水利；三是防水害；四是规避和导引。治水可以概括为八个字：利用、防范、导避、植被。他还说，治水的功过，要经过一百年一千年由后人去评说，常常不能在短时间去定论。“你看，李冰父子当年设计的都江堰，至今仍在灌溉哺育川中百姓，其内中许多玄机至今仍不能被人识破，称为世界奇迹；而当年很闻名的郑国渠，却在地理和历史的变化中湮没。很值得人们深思。” 我觉得，杨总这段话有深意在。他是想告诉人们，不要过多去看他个人做了什么个人有什么功绩。做人要放长眼光尽可能为历史留下一点有价值经得起时间检验的东西，人生才有价值，才有意义。 这就是人生价值和价值人生最深切的无言的阐释吧！ 梅城南北堤几十公里“一江两岸”的成功，对梅州人来说，是百年治水的大手笔。但，这只是开始，只是初战。俗话说，水火无情，水无常态。浩浩数百公里梅江和上千公里的大小支流呢？大大小小数百个水库山圹呢？都一样不能怠慢，一样牵动梅州人和各级父母官的神经。 进入21世纪，新组成的市委、市政府新班子继承历届领导重视水利建设的好传统，将继续办好水利，列为全市发展经济保障民生的重点工作之一。他们办水利，有清晰的思路和明确的计划。2003年10月，广东城乡水利防灾减灾工程全面启动，梅州有12宗16项列入该工程，包括8宗堤围、1宗大型水库和3宗中型水库的除险加固，总投资20亿元。 “一江两岸”的做法和经验全面开花，迅速向下属各县、市、区推广。像藤蔓似的各水系上的“宝葫芦”，也要设防。各县城镇堤围防洪标准都要提高到20年至50年一遇。梅县县城防洪堤、蕉岭河东河西联围和市直梅西水库、平远县富石水库、兴宁市合水水库和温公水库除险加固等10项工程，已经完成。兴宁城防堤、五华县城堤、平远县城堤、大埔县城堤、丰顺县城堤，都提高了设防标准。市、县组织水利部门，聘请有关专家认真勘查，严密论证，严格控制河道行洪线，以科学决策统一干部群众的认识，减少阻力，增加合力，每个县都有水利总体规划，有分步实施的具体方案，精心组织，周密部署，各部门通力配合，解决征地、拆迁、供电、城市规划、环保、航运等问题，确保工程建设顺利实施。为确保工程建设资金落实到位，市县想方设法，多轮驱动，除积极争取省级以上的支持外，市县两级政府勒紧裤腰带，尽量加大水利的投入。同时，还通过贷款和盘活资源筹资。梅县用以地换堤、拍卖河滩地等办法筹集了建堤资金4500万元；蕉岭县通过三座电站开发权向社会公开招标，筹资869万元专用于堤防建设。丰顺县籍著名实业家朱孟依先生兄弟和家属，捐资6000万元，支持家乡重点堤围建设。 呵呵，这就是我家乡的父老兄弟、梅州的客家人！他们生活在有的是山清水秀有的是山穷水恶的粤东北山区，比较偏远，比较贫穷，但他们也比较有志气。他们面对不利的环境，不等待，不叹息。出力，费心，想穷办法，做大文章。值得我们尊敬！ 这次在梅州，老程专门陪同我去看了蕉岭——全市各县中最早完成县城堤防的地方。石窟河两岸的变化和长潭水库之美，让人印象深刻，实在有点教人流连忘返。 那是一个下午，蕉城和石窟河两岸风景如画，冬阳融融。从梅州出发仅半小时车程，在205国道蕉城出口，蕉岭县委书记周章新和副书记张利民在寒风中迎接我们。十多年前，笔者从梅州往福建时曾路过蕉城，看到这里山清水秀，石窟河就像没有打扮梳妆的村姑般美，但也给人一种荒僻、落后的小山城印象。如今，眼前的一切都变了。在远处叫不出名字的青山画屏衬托下，石窟河两岸变成了一座大花园。河两岸，坚固的石堤砌着美丽的花岗石护栏，伸向远方；河面上隔几公里远就飞架一座大桥，桥上汽车、摩托车川流不息；沿河街道宽阔，绿树婆娑，冬日里也花团锦簇。这里变成了一座一眼望不到边的沿河带状公园！ 石窟河发源于福建武平，经蕉岭县的长潭、蕉城、三圳，至新铺南山出口汇入梅江。石窟河流经蕉岭县境堤围总长68公里，穿过5个镇。历史上，洪水、决堤、受浸不断。据蕉岭县志记载，建县300多年间，严重洪灾就有30多次。解放前，这里的民间流传着一首歌谣：“蕉岭人，好虔诚，蒸糠粄，敬天神。”“天神”都以糠粄相敬，群众的生活就可想而知了。解放后，离现在最近的一次洪水，发生在2000年8月25日，老天爷下了129毫米暴雨，石窟河8段决口，浸了房屋2.5万多间，倒塌192间，浸了农田3万多亩，直接经济损失1亿多元。 石窟河防洪改造从1998年开始。蕉城段堤围共10.1公里，分3期于2000年完成。2001年，县委、县政府将蕉城直至新铺未达标建设的堤围，列入重点建设项目，按“生态水利”目标全面改造。2007年至2009年，又投入3000多万元，对新铺尖长段实施除险加固工程；对原未达标的桃源东路堤围继续改造：工程南起宪梓大桥，北至逢甲大桥，全长近3公里。围栏花岗石扶手、河堤路灯、沿河绿化等。眼前，绿意盎然。终年不凋的红豆杉、罗汉松、竹柏、火力楠等珍稀树种，组成了名贵树木展示长廊。 在历届县委、县政府领导下，他们已全面完成了总长68公里的河堤达标。石窟河堤围已建成为抵御洪水的防洪线、贯穿沿岸乡镇的交通线、绿树成片风光旖旎的风景线、促进沿河镇村经济发展的经济线。 在建设改造过程中，他们按照“统一规划，分期实施，重点突破，整体推进”的方针，以坚强的毅力和蚂蚁啃骨头的精神，一段一段整治，一步一步推进。一是突出重点。始终把25公里县城防洪堤围作为重中之重，集中人力、物力、财力，首先进行改造。二是攻坚难点。对地质条件复杂、施工难度大的河东、西24公里堤围，千方百计筹措1亿多元，用了2年多时间比原计划提前8个月完工。三是全面开花。在取得经验基础上，对其余地段堤围全面推进。这其中，最难的仍然是筹措资金啊！这是梅州贫穷山区的共同点。蕉岭也做得很不容易：“争”——争取上面支持和配套资金；“借”——银信借贷；“换”——将地和河沙、水等资源引入市场换资金；“凑”——实行“谁家孩子谁家抱”的办法，沿河受益企业、单位、乡镇，凑钱清障、拆迁等，有钱出钱，有力出力…… 可以想象，为筹钱，他们办得是多么不易多么艰辛。 夕阳西下，周书记陪同我们去看了上游的长潭水库。那里水碧山青，附近还有林木茂密珍稀动物出没的森林公园。目前，蕉岭县的森林覆盖率达78.4%，居全市第一；活立木总蓄积543万立方米；全县有林地面积l10多万亩，生态林面积40万多亩。长潭是省级自然保护区。随行的张利民副书记告诉笔者，要绿满蕉岭，才能保护和保证石窟河的水源水质。这几年，外地多个企业家一直想在蕉岭投资办中纤板厂，都被县委县政府领导婉言谢绝了。老程说，县政府为了集中财力办水利，几十年里都办公条件简陋。今天县里接待客人的桂岭，名叫大厦，都还是当年的招待所，一直也舍不得花钱新建。 笔者想请周书记再谈谈治水的思路和经验。周书记说，治水如果做了点事，都是历届领导班子重视和全县人民共同努力的成果。当年，万庆良书记、李俊夫书记很重视，起步早，打下了很厚实的基础。全县人民都会记得他们。今天匆忙，欢迎你以后再抽时间来山里走走、看看。近两年，我们还先后出台了《关于扶持毛竹产业发展的决定》和《关于扶持发展名贵树木产业的决定》，计划用5年时间，发展高产高效毛竹基地l5万亩和名贵树木1万亩。要保护绿水青山，又要扶持群众致富啊。“下次我陪你去看红豆杉基地，全县已种了20万株了。7角钱一株的苗，长了一年多，可卖7元了。农民的希望哪！” 山城的夜，月朗星稀。同这位有想法的县委书记接触时间虽短，却收获良多。能感受到周书记知识面广，思想深邃，办事干练，看问题有独到的眼光。抓治水，他坚忍执著；抓植被造林，他请教专家，独立思考，不随大流，引种珍贵树种。他能同你谈筑堤，谈种树，又能同你谈，谈。我很高兴不虚此行，既看到梅江支流一个县域的治水新貌，又多结识一位基层优秀带头人。 回头谈梅州新世纪治水的大手笔，这就不能不说梅江和韩江沿岸180公里重点堤围除险加固工程。 2006年6月初，梅州汀江上游的福建连续暴雨，汀江下游大埔水位猛涨。1日下午，市委书记刘日知接到市水利局的报告，即与邓副市长等人一起，驱车100多公里，赶到大埔茶阳镇。这时，汀江河水还在上涨，大水已经漫上大街，书记当即和水利局长、县领导等一起，召集有关乡镇领导碰头会议，紧急部署，投入救灾抢险。茶阳水上派出所找了一条冲锋舟，沿河巡查指挥。下到高陂镇，刚好碰到陂村大堤管涌，刘书记紧急电请军分区支援，200多名战士上堤，奋战到第二天天亮，才堵住了暗涌救了急。当地群众说，2000年这里也决过堤。当时，一台勾机连同司机，都被洪水卷走…… 风雨中忙了半天一夜，刘书记一行就像落汤鸡，浑身上下连裤头都湿了个透。镇上送来一桶热腾腾的包子，大伙在一农户家烤衣，做片刻休息。刘书记眉头打了一个结。这一带他很熟悉，也陪张德江书记来考察过。浩浩荡荡的韩江，瓷都高陂，还有附近10多万人口的留隍镇……当地农民说，年年浸水四五次，一台电视机每年都搬动四五次啊。 这样的经历，这样的见闻，身受感同，你说书记心头会想些什么呢！ 时间到了一年后，2007年6月15日，在市委常委扩大会议上，刘日知书记正式提出整治七大水利隐患，对梅江韩江沿岸180公里堤防进行除险加固这一大工程。他说，我们要给沿岸百姓一个安居乐业的环境。 这是梅州水利史上最大的建设项目。是惠民工程、强民工程、德政工程。这项工程，将用三年时间，对沿江镇村41条共180公里堤围进行加固达标建设。据《梅州日报》报道，工程涉及7个县【市】21个镇【办事处】，捍卫耕地31万亩，受益人口98万人。 这项工程，得到广东省委、省政府以及省水利厅的大力支持。当年10月，省水利厅黄柏青厅长在梅州主持召开现场办公会议，正式将这项重点堤防，列入省城乡水利防灾减灾建设项目。省发改委也批准立项。 12月6日，广东省和梅州市在兴宁宁江河段召开誓师大会，李容根副省长和黄柏青厅长出席，正式启动这项工程： ——刘日知书记、李嘉市长亲自担任工作领导小组正副组长。刘日知书记深入有建设任务的7个县、市，现场调研，提要求，作指导。据《梅州日报》载，刘书记当年有28次检查指导水利工作，平均每个月有两次以上。李嘉市长当年也有21次下去检查指导水利工作。 ——陈小山副书记任工程总指挥。他5次主持召开指挥部成员会议，研究解决实际困难。 ——邓建华、叶胜坤副市长经常深入工地，帮助解决施工和工程费用问题。 到如今，3年的工期已经过了两年。市水利局领导告诉笔者，工程正在顺利推进。工程按照先干流后支流，先急后缓，先重点后一般，加固达标一宗发挥效益一宗，筑堤与疏浚结合的原则，进行规划施工。技术人员走遍每一条堤围，踏勘，调研，要让设计符合自然规律，经得起历史检验。市指挥部办公室专门增设质量督察组，严格监管工程质量。各县施工单位科学调度，倒排工期，克服各种困难，加快进度。水利局领导说，最难得和感动的是，这项惠民工程深入人心，家喻户晓。沿岸干部群众表现出很高的热情和觉悟，有的群众自发帮忙做河道清障。整个在建工程征地896亩，拆迁房屋3万多平方米，涉及100多户人家，至今没有接到一宗群众上访和投诉。 至今年10月份统计，7个县市近20个镇20多条堤围130公里已全面动工，占总长度百分之七十以上。蕉岭县已完成建设任务，进度较快的梅县、平远县、兴宁市年底也可完成在建任务。 这就是说，再过一年，即到20l0年底，这项工程全部完成之后，梅州大地上所有结在江河干支流藤蔓上的“宝葫芦”——县市城镇，以及沿梅江韩江两岸的乡镇大地，都基本上不再遭受洪水之害之苦。180公里堤防固若金汤。到那时，市委市政府对全市人民的庄严承诺，就将变成现实。 笔者在采访中感觉到，梅州水利工程建设，几十年来做得轰轰烈烈，越做越细致越有档次，越做越纵深，越来越有气魄，越来越大手笔。这种档次，这种发展的纵深，这种气魄和大手笔，既体现在其规模、范围、持久性和工程量等物质层面，更体现在其社会影响和深入人心的深度，以及人们治水观念转变等精神层面。 笔者在水利专家的一次座谈会上，听到肖昭穗局长发言说，经过了那么多年，我们现在终于明白，治水，不能只理解为做某项工程。治水，要讲求综合治理。搞了那么多年水利，到今天才明白，大自然也会寻找自身的平衡。“我搞了半辈子农村工作，上世纪七十年代当过公社书记，搞过学大寨，搞农田方格化，河床拉直，想增加农田面积。现在回头看，新河床也会决堤。以前我在平远，见到许多地方改堤；五华有一段堤，花了九牛二虎之力，改移到山脚下，但每次发洪水，它照样决堤。大自然、地理、水，有其自身运转规律。大自然本身也有自身修复能力。许多人，包括我们这些水利工作者，都看不到这些。其实，大自然中如森林、树木、山体、溪流，有时会自己修复。十年绿化，不正是靠人力和自然生长力的互为作用吗？有时候，比如小溪小涧，人工过分地强制，就会画蛇添足。” 肖局长的发言高质量，多精彩！过去的水利干部，上个世纪以前做水利工作，哪里会从这个角度去思考问题呢？ 我感觉到，梅州的水利工作者，梅州的干部群众，他们的治水观念，他们的治水眼光，有了很大的改变，有了很大的飞跃。就如他们所说，梅州的治水，进入到更符合规律的更高要求的第三阶段。人类，要从过去只强调“战天斗地”、“人定胜天”、“人在堤在”，到学会懂得敬畏自然，善待自然，亲和自然。他们也从过去几十年水利建设的拦水、堵水，变为导水、亲水。这种理念上的大飞跃，着实令人深思，给人启迪。 笔者实地参观过梅城近几年新建的从东山大桥到秀兰大桥一段的堤。其最大的变化在于，像早年建的南堤那种悬崖陡壁式的高高的重力堵水墙，不见了，堤面与河水间，有了大面积的缓坡，坡上花红草绿，树木婷婷。堤面是大道，远方高岗上，千佛塔高高在望；新建的东山中学教学楼群，宏伟的市图书馆，宽阔的院士广场，汉剧院，艺术中心……列阵东去，排成一线。浮桥对面，过去人迹罕至时常决堤的破烂地，旧时的金属仓、屠宰场，也育成了满地花草，绿竹成林。眼前的归读公园，据说是市政府拿出1亿多元，将早年已经卖给开发商的地再买回来，还给市民。曲径。情侣。游人。幼儿园出来的手拉手的孩子。想起叶剑英著名的诗：“会当再奋十年斗，归读阴那梅水滨。”假如叶帅在天有灵，看见自己年轻时读书的东山中学一带今日的变化，肯定也会点头微笑。 东堤的芹黄段，正在建一座湿地公园。这里的江面，原来只宽100米。如果按照早些年的做法，砌上石堤也就完成了。最近，他们反复查找水文资料，反复论证，刘日知书记来看了3次，