Chapter 7 Chapter Six Jinggang Mountain Reunion

Under the leadership of Zhu De and Chen Yi, the troops retained from the Nanchang Uprising passed through the "Three Reorganizations in Southern Jiangxi" (Tianxinwei Reorganization, Dayu Reorganization, and Shangbao Reorganization Training), "the troops have become unified and united, their discipline has been strengthened, and their combat effectiveness has been strengthened." also improved."However, the issue of supplies has not been resolved.Winter is coming, and soldiers in the army are still wearing single clothes and trousers. Food, salaries, ammunition, medicine, etc. are even more serious problems that need to be solved urgently.

what to do?Zhu De thought of Fan Shisheng, a classmate in the Yunnan Lecture Hall in the past.Fan Shisheng is currently the commander of the 16th Army of the Kuomintang, stationed in Shaoguan in Guangdong and Rucheng and Zixing in Hunan. Can the rebel army cooperate with Fan Shisheng's department?This issue aroused fierce debate among the cadres of the rebel army at that time.Some people think it is feasible. This will not only solve the problem of supplies, but also win Fan Shisheng to turn left;In response to these different views, Zhu De put forward his own opinions.He believes that engaging in cooperation is not right-leaning surrender. As long as we adhere to the principles of organizational independence, political independence, and military freedom, and make good use of the cooperative relationship, it will be of great benefit to the revolution.Zhu De's correct proposition was approved by the party organization of the uprising army.

Therefore, Zhu De immediately wrote to Fan Shisheng, expressing his willingness to negotiate with him on cooperation matters. In mid-November, Fan Shisheng wrote back, saying: Zhu De is invited to negotiate in Rucheng.After two days of negotiation, Fan Shisheng accepted Zhu De's conditions and agreed: (1) Zhu De's department temporarily used the designation of the 140th Regiment of the 47th Division of the 16th Army; Division 142 regiment number.Zhu De's pseudonym was Wang Kai (Zhu De's word Yukai, so he was called Wang Kai), and he was nominally the head of the 40th Regiment, deputy commander of the 47th Division, and general counselor of the 16th Army. (2) Agree with the principles of organizational independence, political autonomy, and military freedom proposed by Zhu De's Ministry. (3) One month's military salary will be paid first, and a certain amount of guns, ammunition, clothing and other military supplies will be provided.

The uprising troops finally got rid of the predicament.Subsequently, Zhu De and Chen Yi led their troops to Shaoguan.When they arrived in Shaoguan in the south, news of the failure of the Guangzhou Uprising came, and the original plan for troops to participate in the Guangzhou Uprising came to naught.Therefore, the troops stationed at Liputou in the northwest of Shaoguan to rest and train. In Shaoguan, He Changgong, who was sent by Mao Zedong to contact the Hunan Provincial Party Committee and the Hengyang Special Committee, and took a camera to inquire about the whereabouts of the Nanchang Uprising troops, learned that Zhu De's troops were in Liputou, so he hurried to Liputou and met Zhu De and Chen Yi , Wang Erzhuo and others communicated the mutual connection between Mao Zedong and Zhu De.

The news of the establishment of a cooperative relationship between Zhu De's Ministry and Fan Shisheng's Ministry soon became known to Chiang Kai-shek.Chiang Kai-shek urgently ordered Guangdong warlord Li Jishen to tell Fan Shisheng that Zhu De's troops should be "solved on the spot".After Fan Shisheng learned about it, he disclosed the news to Zhu De, asking him to leave quickly, and sent Zhu De's department 10,000 yuan in silver and 10 boxes of bullets as a sign of friendship.Zhu De convened an emergency discussion with the army leaders Chen Yi, Wang Erzhuo, and Gong Chu, and decided to send the troops to the Yizhang Mountains in southern Hunan, where the masses are relatively good and are easy to hide, before making a long-term plan. On the night of January 3, 1928, in the name of "field exercises", the troops braved the torrential rain, cut off the enemy's power lines, diverted westward from Renhua, and headed straight for southern Hunan.

Since then, the rest of the Nanchang Uprising shouldered a new mission and embarked on a new journey. After seeing He Changgong, Zhu De was very happy to know that Mao Zedong led the Autumn Harvest Uprising troops on the border of Hunan and Jiangxi. He hoped to meet Mao Zedong.Therefore, Mao Zetan, Mao Zedong's younger brother, was immediately sent to Jinggangshan to contact.After Mao Zetan was ordered to use the pseudonym Tan Ze, as an adjutant of the 16th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, wearing the uniform of the National Revolutionary Army, and carrying the National Revolutionary Army's certificate, he went from Chongyi and Shangyou to Guidong, Chaling and Lingxian Going straight to Jinggang Mountains, at the mouth of the border between Chaling and Ninggang, I met a soldier from Yuan Wencai led by Chen Bojun. Chen Bojun sent him to Maoping, Ninggang, and met Mao Zedong.Thus, the connection between the two ministries of Zhu and Mao was realized.

After Zhu De's troops entered southern Hunan, they came to Mangshan Cave in Yizhang County for a short-term rest.After the Yizhang County Committee of the Communist Party of China learned that Zhu De and Chen Yi's troops had entered Mangshan Mountain, Hu Shijian, secretary of the county party committee and member of the Hunan Special Committee, Gao Jingshan and Mao Kewen, members of the county party committee, came to contact and held a joint meeting.The meeting decided to attack Yizhang, but it was not a hard attack, but an outsmarting method.Namely: Hu Shaohai, in the name of Fan Shisheng's Deputy Head of the 140th Regiment of the 16th Army, wrote to the Yizhang County Chief, saying that his hometown resisted the Communist Army from Guangdong to the north under the order of Fan's Army Commander, in order to paralyze the enemy, and then lead the army. Two strengthened companies entered the city to control the situation, and invited the reactionary leaders headed by the county magistrate to a banquet for a "one-pot meal". Finally, Zhu De led the main force into the city to solve the county regiment defense forces.

Hu Shaohai, formerly known as Hu Ao, is the son of a rich man in Yizhang County.During the Northern Expedition revolution, he served as the battalion commander in the Northern Expedition Army; after the Northern Expedition failed, he insisted on the revolution and has been hiding in the Lechang area to fight guerrillas.These conditions have not been exposed for many years.Therefore, Zhu De chose him to play the leading role. On January 11, 1928, Hu Shaohai, under the banner of the 140th Regiment of the 16th Army of Fan Shisheng's Ministry, took the lead in sending troops to the edge of Yizhang City.Hearing that "Fifth Young Master Hu" (Hu Shaohai ranked fifth) led a team, the government officials and local tyrants and evil gentry in the city were overjoyed and went out of the city to welcome them one by one.Later, Zhu De and Chen Yi led the main force to enter Yizhang City swaggeringly.

After entering the city, Zhu De and Chen Yi quickly commanded the troops to quietly surround the Yangzheng Academy where the county government, police station, and regiment defense bureau are located in the name of defense. The armed forces of the police station and regiment defense bureau seized nearly 400 guns and captured more than 400 policemen and regiment members.Then, the rebel army broke open the prison, rescued the imprisoned revolutionaries and the masses, and opened the granary to distribute the food to the poor workers and peasants.For a while, there was laughter and laughter in Yizhang City, and people shouted: "Uprising!" "Victory!"

The victory of outsmarting Yizhang opened the prelude to the Shonan Uprising. On January 13, the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army and the Yizhang County Party Committee held a mass meeting in the west gate square of the city.Zhu De delivered an impassioned speech at the meeting, and announced the establishment of the First Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, the division commander Zhu De, the party representative Chen Yi, the chief of staff Wang Erzhuo, and the director of the Political Department Cai Xiemin.All the people present at the meeting warmly celebrated Yizhang.

Outsmarting Yizhang happened 10 days before the lunar calendar, so it is also called "New Year's End Riot".The victory of the Yizhang New Year's Pass riot gave a strong impetus to the revolutionary struggle in Yizhang, which shook the whole of southern Hunan for a while. "The serfs gather to revolt in Yizhang, swinging their darts to stab the sky." Xiao Ke's poem.After Zhu De and Chen Yi took Yizhang City by strategy, the revolutionary wave surged in Yizhang.Immediately afterwards, rural riots broke out in Suyuan, Shi, Baisha and other places successively, and a favorable situation emerged from the towns to the countryside. After the victory of the Yizhang Uprising, Zhu De, Chen Yi and others decided that the army and local party organizations should immediately go to Chenxian, Leiyang, Yongxing, Zixing and other counties to launch mass struggles in various places based on the lessons learned from the lack of in-depth mass struggles of workers and peasants after the victory of the Nanchang Uprising . The victory of the Nanchang Uprising Army in Yizhang alarmed Chiang Kai-shek.He immediately ordered Xu Kexiang to "suppress the enemy immediately without any mistakes."So, Xu Kexiang, who was eager to retaliate, personally led 6 regiments to rush to Yizhang. In order to preserve their strength, Zhu De and Chen Yi commanded the first division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army with only 1,200 people. With the cooperation of the local people, they launched guerrilla and mobile warfare against the enemy.Since January 31, they have successively won the battles of Yanyong, Suyuanbao, and Pingshi, captured more than 1,000 enemies, seized more than 1,000 guns, more than 30 mortars and mountain artillery, and countless bullets, which severely damaged the enemy's Vigorous, armed with the Yizhang Independent Third Regiment.In particular, the Pingshi victory dealt a devastating blow to the enemy, and was the first major victory achieved by the rebel army after entering southern Shonan.It greatly inspired the revolutionary sentiment of the workers and peasants in southern Hunan, and played a decisive role in promoting the uprising in southern Hunan.In this regard, Zhu De said: "Our army depends on that battle." Zhu De: "From Nanchang Uprising to Jinggangshan". After the great victory in Pingshi, the troops immediately sent troops north to Chenzhou and Leiyang to launch a general riot in southern Hunan. From February 4th to 16th, Zhu De and Chen Yi led the First Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army. With the cooperation of the party organizations and the uprising peasants' army in various counties in southern Hunan, they successively captured Chenxian, Yongxing, Zixing, and Leiyang, and formed the The Third Division of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Revolutionary Army (division commander Hu Shaohai, party representative Gong Chu); the fourth division (division commander Kuang Yong, party representative Deng Zonghai); the seventh division (division commander Deng Yunting, party representative Cai Xiemin); Yongxing Red Guard Regiment (regiment leader Yin Zishao, party representative Huang Kecheng); Zixing Independence Group (leader Li Qizhong, party representative Huang Yizao); the uprising team grew to more than 10,000 people.During the uprising, the Qiyang, Zixing, and Anren county committees of the Communist Party of China were successively established, and the Soviet governments of Chenxian, Yongxing, Leiyang, Zixing, Guiyang, and Anren counties were established. Under this favorable situation, from March 16th to 20th, the Hunan Workers, Peasants, and Soldiers Government Representative Conference was held in Yongxing County, and the Hunan Workers, Peasants, and Soldiers Soviet was elected with Chen Youkui as the chairman and 21 people including Zhu De, Chen Yi, and He Changgong as executive members. government. At the same time, mass organizations such as trade unions, farmers' associations, women's sports games, youth sports games (including the Young Pioneers and Children's League), and business games in various counties in southern Hunan were also restored and rebuilt, setting off a large-scale mass armed riot. And launched a vigorous agrarian revolution of inserting cards and dividing fields. The rise of the Soviet movement in southern Hunan shook the organizational foundation of the Kuomintang reactionaries and threatened the security of the enemies in Hunan and Guangdong provinces. In the early days of the Shonan Uprising, the warlords of Hunan and Guangxi were in full swing.The "Western Expedition Army" organized by the Guangxi warlords Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi and the Hunan warlord Tang Shengzhi fought each other, but as the "Western Expedition Army" attacked Changsha, Tang Shengzhi was forced to go to Japan. end.Therefore, under Chiang Kai-shek's dispatch, the Hunan-Guangdong warlords aimed their guns at the revolutionary forces in southern Hunan again.In order to extinguish this revolutionary flame, the enemy organized nearly 9 divisions to attack the revolutionary forces in southern Hunan from north to south. Faced with this serious situation, we should have kept a clear head, adopted correct strategies, and persisted in the struggle.However, at this time, the Southern Shonen Special Committee was developing a strong sense of revenge and petty bourgeois acute illness. It tried its best to promote the "Left" erroneous thinking of the central leaders, and put forward the guideline of "using red terror to deal with white terror". The erroneous policy of burning and massacring and forcing peasants and petty bourgeois to go bankrupt is the so-called "scorched earth strategy". "Strengthening the walls and clearing the fields" made it impossible for the enemy to gain a foothold after entering southern Hunan, and they would collapse without attacking.As a result, they lost the hearts of the people and the sympathy of the society, damaged the prestige of the party, dampened the enthusiasm of the people, and caused middle-level elements in many places to revolt; coupled with the use of the gentry class, for a while, they hung up white tapes and opposed the workers' and peasants' revolution. Army, which greatly weakened the power of the revolution and shook the foundation of the armed forces in southern Hunan.Zeng Zhi: "Chenzhou in Riots".In this way, under the fierce attack of the enemy's overly powerful troops and under the influence of the "Left" policy of the Southern Hunan Special Committee, the vigorous Southern Hunan General Riot failed by the end of March. At this critical moment when the enemy is overwhelming and the enemy is outnumbered, on the one hand, Zhu De, Chen Yi and others resisted the "Left" mistakes of the Southern Hunan Special Committee, minimized losses, and restored the influence of the masses; , led the troops to take the initiative to transfer, evacuated from southern Shonan, and moved closer to Jinggangshan. After Zhu De made the decision to voluntarily withdraw from southern Hunan, in order to transfer the troops safely, on the one hand, he instructed Tang Shiyong (that is, Tang Tianji) in Anren to quickly launch the Anren riot and sent troops to support him. The Ministry moved from Leiyang to Aoshan Temple near the border of Anren; on the one hand, tens of thousands of peasant troops were mobilized in Leiyang to make preparations to prevent the enemy from invading the south. In late March, Mao Zetan led a special agent company to Leiyang and reported to Zhu De that Mao Zedong had entered Hunan and was preparing to respond to the actions of the rioting troops in southern Hunan.Therefore, Zhu De officially issued an evacuation order on March 29.A great strategic shift towards Jinggangshan has begun! The people in southern Hunan saw this bloody Nanchang and moved to Hunan and Guangdong, and they all felt attached to them.The nearby crowd surrounded the revolutionary army commanders and fighters in groups, and stuffed boiled eggs, a lot of tobacco leaves, and rice cakes made overnight to the soldiers who had fought on this land for more than three months .With nostalgia for their fathers and villagers, the commanders and fighters of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army left Shonan and embarked on a new journey.Zhu De and Chen Yi are divided into two groups, each other's horns.Zhu De led the 1st Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army and the 4th Division of Leiyang to Ninggang, Jiangxi via Anren and Chaling; Chen Yi led the 3rd Division of Yizhang and the 7th Division of Chenxian to Zixing and East Guangxi, and gradually moved to Jiangxi Ning Gang moved closer. After Zhu De left Leiyang County all the way, he went straight to Anren from Guanyin Pavilion.Frightened by Zhu De's prestige, the enemy troops along the way collapsed without a fight. Zhou Yifeng, the magistrate of Anren County, also abandoned the city and fled. On April 1, Zhu De's troops occupied Anren City.After a short rest, the troops detoured to Chaling and retreated to Miandu, Ling County on April 20.Tang Tianji, chairman of the Anren County Workers, Peasants, and Soldiers Soviet Government, followed Zhu De's instructions. After completing the task of guarding against the enemy who was chasing after him, he led the Anren County party and government cadres and the peasant army to withdraw from the county seat. Zhu De troops. After the Yizhang Third Agricultural Division and the Chenxian Agricultural Seventh Division led by Chen Yi retreated eastward, they severely damaged a regiment of Fan Shisheng's department and the Kuang Jingming security team of Yizhang County who had come to chase after them in Zheling, and arrived in Zixing on April 8.On the same day, Huang Kecheng led more than 1,000 peasants from Yongxing County, Liu Tai and Kuang Yong led more than 700 peasants from Leiyang County, and Huang Yizao and Li Qizhong led more than 1,600 peasants from Zixing to Zixing.Before the assembled troops withdrew from Zixing County, a regiment from the Second Division of the 13th Army came after them.Under the command of the regiment leader Meng Jiuling, the third regiment of the Seventh Agricultural Division in Chenxian County started street fighting with the enemy.During the battle, both sides suffered heavy casualties, and Meng Jiuling unfortunately died in the battle.At this moment, He Changgong and Yuan Wencai led the Second Regiment of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to rush to support, and the enemy dared not continue to pursue them.The huge peasant army marching towards Jinggang Mountains has a large number of people, including many old people, children, women, and people along the way.In order to ensure the safety of the troops and the masses, Chen Yi and other military leaders had to carefully organize and guide them, encourage the confidence and fighting spirit of moving troops, and guide the troops and the masses to move towards Jinggangshan.When the troops arrived at Penggong Temple in Zixing, they joined the troops led by He Changgong and Yuan Wencai who came down from Jinggang Mountain, and then went all the way to the east of Guangxi to enter Zhongcun and Shuikou in Lingxian County, and arrived at Miandu in Lingxian County on April 21. Join the main force of Zhu De's army. In a private house on Miandu Street, Chen Yi, He Changgong, Yuan Wencai, and responsible comrades from several county committees in southern Hunan met with Zhu De.Zhu De was very happy that his wish to successfully evacuate from southern Shonan was finally realized. In order to prepare for the reunion of the two armies, on April 22, He Changgong and Yuan Wencai led the Second Regiment of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to leave Miandu first and return to Ninggang. When Mao Zedong was giving political lessons to the troops in Zhongcun, Lingxian County, he heard that Zhu De's uprising had failed in southern Hunan and caused a pincer attack from the north and the south. He immediately ordered the troops to divide into two groups: Mao Zedong personally led the first regiment of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to march towards Guidong and Rucheng , He Changgong and Yuan Wencai led the second regiment to insert in the direction of Penggong Temple to meet and cover Zhu De's troops. On March 30, the first regiment of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army arrived at Shatianwei, Guidong County.Because of the rumor spread by the bully He Jian, the toiling people in Shatian all left their homes and hid in the mountains without knowing the truth.In order to break the enemy's rumors, Mao Zedong ordered the troops to work separately, take the squad as the unit, write slogans, issue notices, go into the mountains to shout, do things for the common people, and quickly return the hiding common people to their homes. On the 31st, when the Shatian fair was going to the fair, Mao Zedong took the work to the fair again.He personally went to the fair to hold a mass meeting and made a speech on the stage, talking about why the poor are poor, why the rich are rich, and the purpose and nature of the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army.These words of Mao Zedong were translated by Chen Qi, a party representative of the Third Battalion and the Eighth Company of the First Regiment, who was originally from Guangxi, aroused great interest among the local people, and they all expressed their support for the views of the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants.According to the demands of the masses, in the afternoon of the same day, Mao Zedong hosted the Guidong County Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Representative Meeting at the Guidong Longevity Palace, and established the Guidong County Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Government, with Chen Qi as the chairman of the County Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Government.At the same time, the Guidong County Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, with Chen Qi concurrently serving as the secretary.And allocated dozens of guns from the army, and named the guerrilla team in the Rugui border area the Hunan-Jiangxi border area guerrilla brigade. Due to the establishment of the party and government agencies and the expansion of local armed forces, the revolutionary flames in Guidong County quickly ignited. In a few days, red regimes in all districts and townships of the county were established one after another. Sweeping Guidong. The mass work carried out by the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army in Shatian has achieved great results and has been welcomed by the broad masses of farmers.However, due to various reasons, burning and killing and violations of the interests of the masses also happen from time to time. "A lot of houses were burned in the east and west waters of the four capitals." "Interview with Comrade Chen Shuli records."When the local tyrants were being hunted down, many misunderstandings also occurred: the new dowry of ordinary people's wives was confiscated as the property of the local tyrants, the carpenter who worked for the head of the door-to-door team was also arrested, and even ordinary people were arrested. These phenomena aroused Mao Zedong's attention.He was extremely indignant at the burning and killing and violating the interests of the masses.He criticized these actions, pointing out that we must strictly implement our army's consistent policies and not be distracted by those "left" tendencies.He also said to the cadres and soldiers in the army: "What's the use of burning houses. What needs to be eliminated is feudal exploitation ideology and reactionary forces. If the houses are left behind, after the victory of the revolution, they can still be used to run schools!" In order to completely correct this phenomenon, on the morning of April 3, Mao Zedong concentrated his troops in the fields of the Thirty-Six Dan Hill in Tiger Chong, behind the Shatian Wei in East Guidong, to all the commanders and fighters of the First Regiment of the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army, and to the Red Army in the Shatian area of ​​East Guidong County. The guards and young pioneers officially promulgated the "three major disciplines and six attentions". Mao Zedong said: "Things like burning houses will not work. If houses are burned, the people will all leave. Now we need to promulgate several disciplines. The first is to follow orders in all actions; the second is not to take anything from workers and peasants; the third is to , Everything seized must be returned to the public. Six points of attention: 1. Put on the door panel; 2. Bale and lay grass; 3. Speak kindly; Explained one by one.After Mao Zedong spoke, "the battalion commander told the troops that they should memorize it by heart when they go back. When the troops were called at night, the party representative also talked about the three major disciplines and six points of attention."This is the first time since Mao Zedong established the Jinggangshan base area that he promulgated the "three major disciplines and six precautions" of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army in a relatively complete manner. "Three major disciplines and six points of attention" are the basic rules of the People's Army.Since it was first announced in Jingzhushan, the content has been continuously adjusted and enriched.This time in Shatian, east of Guizhou, the original "don't take a sweet potato from the common people" was changed to "don't take anything from the workers and peasants". With the continuous development of the People's Army, the "Three Great Disciplines and Six Points of Attention" were later developed and improved into "Three Great Disciplines and Eight Points of Attention".The old Red Army Chen Shiju narrated this process.He recalled: "With regard to the three major disciplines, under new circumstances, the content has been constantly revised, such as changing 'return to the public for fundraising' to 'return to the public if seized', 'don't take a sweet potato from the common people', and changed to In order to "do not take an egg", after arriving in northern Shaanxi, it was changed to "do not take a needle and a thread from the masses". Six points of attention, after marching to southern Jiangxi and western Fujian in 1929, the troops passed through the three southern areas of Jiangxi and Guangdong (Longnan, Longnan, Dingnan, Quannan) and develop towards the Dongjiang area of ​​Guangdong. These places are relatively closed, and the feudal rule is very strong. When we came here, we didn’t investigate and find out. We still followed the old habit of defecating in the wild, casually in ditches and rivers Taking a bath caused serious dissatisfaction among the masses. Comrade Mao Zedong immediately changed the six points of attention to eight points of attention after he learned of these reactions from the masses, and immediately announced to the troops.” The two new additions are: bathing to avoid women and defecation Looking for a toilet, and later changed to "Clean the yard and dig a sanitary pit (toilet)." "Three Disciplines and Six Points of Attention" embodies the new type of military-civilian relationship in which our military and civilians are united and innocent, and clarifies the three-in-one tasks of fighting, fundraising, and doing mass work shouldered by the people's army, which has become the principle of our party's army building important parts of. The proposal and promulgation of the "Three Major Disciplines and Six Points of Attention" have played a major role in building the people's army, in correctly handling the relationship within the army, especially between the army and the people, and in uniting the masses of the people and disintegrating the enemy army. The news that Mao Zedong led his troops to Hunan to respond to Zhu De and Chen Yi was immediately found out by the enemy.In order to extinguish the flames of the uprising in southern Hunan, the enemy forces in Hunan and Guangdong provinces, with Li Chaofang as the "commander in chief of suppressing bandits in southern Hunan" and Fan Shisheng as the "commander in chief of suppressing bandits in southern Hunan", launched an offensive to southern Hunan even more frantically, and issued an encirclement order. In the precarious situation, Mao Zedong led his troops resolutely undertook the risk of cover and decisive battle, and on April 5, the troops approached the Hanling boundary on the border of Guangxi (East) Ru (City).He Qilang, the head of the "Xuanfu Group" in Rucheng, has built fortifications in the Hanling area and defended them day and night.At this time, the question facing Mao Zedong was: how to cross the Hanling border as soon as possible, wedge into Rucheng, block the enemy from the south, and coordinate Zhu and Chen's troops to safely withdraw from southern Hunan. On April 6, the fog filled the air, and Hanling was shrouded in thick fog.This is an excellent opportunity to attack.Therefore, Mao Zedong issued a combat order.The First Regiment of the First Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army launched an attack on the Cold Ridge at the same time in two groups.The enemy was having breakfast when they suddenly heard gunshots (actually, the local people came to join the battle and lit firecrackers in oil barrels to help out).Our army took advantage of the victory and arrived at Tianzhuangwei. On the 7th, Mao Zedong led his troops to set off from Tianzhuangwei, set up a battlefield in the Yinlingjiao and Yashiping areas of Rucheng, and defeated the reactionary He Qilang troops again. On the 8th, with the support and cooperation of the party organization and the masses in Rucheng County, two platoons of Hu Fengzhang's bandit armed forces from northern Guangdong were defeated, and Rucheng County was captured in one fell swoop. On April 9, the main force of Hu Fengzhang's banditry was unwilling to fail, and pressed against Rucheng County.Mao Zedong, Zhang Ziqing and others immediately analyzed the situation and believed that the purpose of supporting Zhu De's troops had been basically achieved. In order to avoid the enemy's edge, they immediately led their troops to withdraw from Rucheng and return to Jinggang. After withdrawing from Rucheng, Mao Zedong led his troops to travel day and night, and entered the Longxi Cave in Zixing on April 10.Longxi Cave is a beautiful small mountain village, where clear streams flow around the mountains and flow into the Dongjiang River.At this time, it is the early spring in the south, and the green water and green mountains make Longxi Cave more charming.But Mao Zedong and his comrades had no intention of appreciating all of this, and only hoped that Zhu and Chen's troops would withdraw from southern Shonan safely. Since Mao Zedong left Shuikou, Ling County, he has been fighting for days, and the cadres and soldiers are very tired.Mao Zedong and Zhang Ziqing decided to let everyone rest in Longxi Cave for a day or two before leaving.Therefore, for the sake of safety, Chen Yi'an, the deputy battalion commander of the first battalion, led a company of troops, went south to Longxi Cave, and searched and guarded in all directions. But soon, Chen Yi'an came back. It turned out that after Chen Yi'an set off with his company, he ran into the Yizhangshi Independent Battalion led by Gong Kai and Xiao Ke within a short distance. The Yizhangshi Independence Battalion was a peasant armed force formed after the victory of the Shih Riot on January 19, 1928.The leaders of the Stone Riot were Peng Sun and Peng Kui.Peng Qi, Peng Yan, Peng Fu, Peng Chengyi, and Peng Dongming are all important backbones.There are also lesbians Peng, Peng Juan, Peng Ru, Peng Gai, Peng Xia, Peng Qian, Liu Fu (from Huangsha, married to Shi), Wu Tonglian (that is, the lover of Wu Zhonglian and Peng Qi), etc., who performed very well.At that time, the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army praised them as Yizhang's "Peng family generals".After the establishment of the Independent Battalion, Peng Sun served as the battalion commander, and Zhu De sent Gong Kai as the party representative. Later, Xiao Ke came from Jiahe to participate in the riots. The Shi party branch knew that he had been a company commander during the Northern Expedition and participated in the Nanchang Uprising , So Xiao Ke was appointed as the deputy commander of the independent battalion and the commander of the first company. Since then, the Xuanzhang Independent Camp has been active in the Huangsha District southwest of Yizhang and the Mangshan area near Guangdong, mobilizing the masses to fight against local tyrants and persist in guerrilla struggle.The independent battalion has more than 500 people, more than 80 guns, and more than 300 spears.When they retreated into Qitianling and persisted for a week, they learned that Zhu and Chen's troops had moved eastward, so the independent battalion also withdrew eastward.At this time, Yizhang, Leiyang, Chenxian and other places were all in the enemy's hands.They traveled day and night, avoided the enemy's sentry post and the search of the militia, crossed the Chenyi Avenue, which was tightly blocked by the enemy, and arrived at Longxi Cave in Zixing in mid-April, where they met Chen Yi'an, a member of the Eastern Mao Zedong Army. . After listening to Xiao Ke's report, Mao Zedong appreciated the arduous struggle of the Yizhang Independence Camp very much. He took Xiao Ke's hand and said happily: "Wow! I didn't receive Zhu De, but I received Xiao Ke!" His words made everyone burst into laughter. Subsequently, the two parts merged into one and continued to move eastward up the mountain. After Mao Zedong led his troops to join the Yizhang Independent Camp in Zixing Longxi Cave, he immediately marched eastward in great strides.When the troops arrived at Shuikou in Ling County, they joined up with the Third Yizhang Division of the Hunan Agricultural Army led by Hu Shaohai.At this time, Mao Zedong learned that Zhu De and Chen Yi had led the remaining troops of the Nanchang Uprising and more than 10,000 people from the Hunan Agricultural Army to retreat to Ling County. He was very happy and hurriedly led his troops to Ninggang. However, at this time, it was discovered that the Zhang Jingxi Regiment of Cheng Zerun's Division of Wu Shang's Eighth Army of the Hunan enemy and the door-to-door regiment led by Luo Ding had already pursued Ling County.We must resist the enemy outside the Ningkang Gate.Mao Zedong immediately issued a blocking order. A regiment of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army immediately rushed to Lingxian County.Due to the quick action of a regiment, when the enemy arrived at the county seat of Lingxian County, our army had successively occupied high grounds such as Xiangshan Temple, Longwang Temple, and Kamaxing. Mao Zedong and Zhang Ziqing commanded the battle on the hill north of Jielong Bridge.The first battalion is responsible for frontal blocking, and the third battalion is responsible for outflanking.The battle lasted from noon to evening, repelling more than a dozen enemy charges.The enemy suffered heavy losses, and seeing that it was getting late, they had to flee in the direction of Chaling. The blocking battle in Ling County bought time for Zhu De and Chen Yi's troops to safely retreat from the Miandu area to Ninggang, and created conditions for the victory of Zhu De and Mao's two armies to join forces.Unfortunately, Commander Zhang Ziqing injured his foot during the blocking battle, and a bullet went into his ankle. Under the cover of Mao Zedong, Zhu De and Chen Yi led more than 10,000 people from their troops to retreat into Ninggang one after another, and were warmly welcomed by the people in the base area. In order to welcome the arrival of Zhu and Chen's troops, the second regiment of He Changgong and Yuan Wencai, who returned to Ninggang first, with the close cooperation of the Ninggang County Party Committee, mobilized the masses in Longshi and Gucheng, and raised 20,000 people. Eat food for half a month.Families near Long City vacated their houses and cleaned them up to welcome the victorious arrival of the troops from the Nanchang Uprising and the Shonan Uprising. Subsequently, Mao Zedong led his troops back to Ninggang, the base camp of the Jinggangshan base. The news of Mao Zedong's return to Ninggang Long City immediately spread across both banks of the Longjiang River. When Zhu De and Chen Yi heard about it, they immediately walked out of the Longjiang Academy where they were staying with Wang Erzhuo and other military leaders, and waited outside the door. When Mao Zedong heard that Zhu De and others were living in Longjiang Academy, he was greeted by He Changgong and led He Tingying and Wan Xixian to Longjiang Academy. He Changgong saw Zhu De from a distance, and said to Mao Zedong: "The one standing in the front is Comrade Zhu De, and the one on the left is Comrade Chen Yi." Mao Zedong nodded and waved to them with a smile.When he reached the gate of the academy, Zhu De took a few steps ahead, and Mao Zedong also quickened his pace, extending his hand early.Soon, the hands of the two giants were tightly held together!They all shook each other's arms vigorously, so passionately, so affectionately! Meet Zhu and Mao! This is a meeting of great historical significance.History records the day of April 24, 1928!There are many theories about the time of the meeting in Jinggangshan. The traditional one is April 28, 1928. After textual research, we agree and adopt the date mentioned in the Chronicle of Mao Zedong compiled by the Central Literature Research Office in this book. After entering the Longjiang Academy, Mao Zedong introduced to Zhu De the cadres He Tingying, Wan Xixian, Wu Zhonghao, Yuan Wencai, and Ninggang party and government leaders Long Chaoqing and Liu Huixiao; Zhu De also introduced Chen Yi, Wang Erzhuo, and Hu Shaohai , Gong Chu, Deng Yunting and others introduced to Mao Zedong. In Longjiang Academy, bursts of laughter suddenly rose.Mao Zedong seemed very happy, and said in a congratulatory tone: "The enemies in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces did not catch you this time!" Zhu De replied gratefully: "We moved quickly, and it all depends on your cover!" The leaders of the two troops walked and talked, passed through the front hall and middle hall of Longjiang Academy, and boarded the Wenxing Pavilion on the third floor together. In Wenxing Pavilion, everyone sat down one by one and talked with each other about the transfer and reception. The atmosphere was very harmonious and warm. In order to discuss major issues related to the rendezvous of the two armies, Mao Zedong and Zhu De agreed: to hold the first congress of the party in the army first, to form a military committee, and to determine the candidates for cadres. Since then, a magnificent garland has been woven between the fingers of Zhu and Mao; the struggle in Jinggangshan and the history of Chinese revolution have opened a new page. On the second day after the two armies joined forces, that is, on April 25, an extremely important meeting was held at the Longjiang Academy in Longshi, Ninggang County, that is, the first congress of the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Revolutionary Army.Regarding this meeting, Mao Zedong recorded in the "Report of the Jinggangshan Front Committee to the Central Committee": "The Red Army will hold the first army representative meeting in Ninggang until April to elect the Military Commission." Apart from this, there are no more records. .However, it can be determined that the meeting was held after the rendezvous of the two armies, so its time was locked on April 25.Because, the Jinggangshan division is a large division, which is a large and small group of seven or eight armed forces. It is extremely necessary to unify the organization of the troops and form the highest leading organ of the entire army-the Military Commission, in order to make a certain situation.The matter is imminent and cannot be delayed.Only after the establishment of the Military Commission can we determine the candidates for cadres and discuss some major issues. Regarding this meeting, Comrade Xiao Ke recalled: "Before the founding meeting of the Fourth Red Army, a meeting of activists from various units was held in a house. One or two hundred people attended, and I also participated in this meeting. Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Wang Er Zhuo and others have spoken... What impressed me the most was that when Comrade Zhu De was voting on a question, he was counting how many people raised their hands. This is a party meeting." ".Internal interview materials.Su Yu recalled: "At Longjiang Academy, Mao Zedong, Comrade Zhu De and Comrade Chen Yi had a historic meeting here. Then, the two troops were jointly organized into the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and the Secretary of the Military Commission was elected. Secretary of the Military Commission." Zhu Liangcai recalled: "Before the founding meeting, a cadre meeting was held in a tall building with a long hall near the river in Long City. More than 100 to 200 people attended. At the meeting, the establishment of the Red Army was announced. The Fourth Army." Chen Shiju recalled: "The time and place of the various army representative meetings may have been held in Gucheng, Xincheng, Longshi, and Maoping. The first time was held in Longshi to establish a military committee." It can be seen that Mao Zedong and Zhu De attended and presided over this important meeting.The main contents of the meeting were as follows: 1. It was decided that Zhu and Mao’s two ministries would be jointly compiled as the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Revolutionary Army (in June, it was changed to the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army according to the central order), which was taken from the location of the Ye Ting Independent Regiment during the Northern Expedition. The Fourth Front Army of the National Revolutionary Army (the Fourth Army) was sometimes called the "Iron Army".The Red Army continues to use this well-known designation, which can not only strengthen its prestige and confuse the enemy, but also imply carrying forward and making new achievements. 2. Determine the order of the Fourth Army into three divisions and nine regiments and the main leaders of the army, division, and regiment; 3. Establish the Military Commission and elect Mao Zedong as the Secretary of the Military Commission. In the mid-1980s, when the Anhua Archives of Hunan Province checked the archives, they discovered some documents confiscated by the enemy when the 28th and 29th Regiments of the Fourth Red Army attacked Chenzhou in July 1928. The Political and Training Department of the Sixteenth Army of the National Revolutionary Army transcribed and forwarded it to the document "The Conspiracy of the Communist Party of Hunan and Jiangxi", which contained a list of 23 members of the Military Committee of the Fourth Red Army.According to its contents: "Eight, the organization of the bandit army (1) 23 members of the military committee: Zhu De, Chen Yi, Mao Zedong, Wan Xixian, He Tingying, Yuan Wencai, Wang Erzhuo, He Changgong, Gong Chu, Hu Shaohai, Zhang Ziqing, Liu Song, Liu Haiyun, Wang Zuo, Song Qiaosheng, Cai Xiemin, Wang Desheng, Wang Ying, Xue Tao, Shi Jinde, Chen Guiqiu, Liu Renkan, Liu Qingquan. Under the Military Commission, there are "organization meeting", "propaganda section", "organization section", " Soldiers Committee'." Judging from the list of 23 members, the members of the Military Commission include the main leaders of Mao Zedong, Zhu De's department, Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo's department, as well as many junior officers and representatives of soldiers. sex and representation.However, there is no reliable literature to confirm it. 根据四军军委的决定，1928年5月4日，在宁冈砻市举行了两军胜利会师和四军成立大会。 5月4日这一天，阳光明媚，春意盎然。砻市，沉浸在一派喜气之中。龙江河东岸的沙洲上，一个用许多禾桶、门板搭起的坚实高台，被无数红旗簇拥着，上方一块红色横幅上写着一排大字：“庆祝两军会师和四军成立大会”。 8时许，一队队的战士挎着钢枪、背着梭镖大刀鱼贯进入会场。一队队臂戴红袖章的赤卫队员，一队队来自宁冈各地的群众，也相继涌入会场。宽阔的砻市沙洲上，红旗漫卷，锣鼓喧天，万头攒动，到会人员计有两万以上。 约10时，由党、政、军、工农各界代表组成的主席团成员，坐上了主席台。 “热烈庆祝两军会师和四军成立大会，现在开始！”大会司仪何长工的话音刚落，会场顿时响起一片欢呼声、口号声、鞭炮声、锣鼓声。 排列在主席台前的上百个司号员，一齐吹响了军号，号音激越嘹亮，军容威武雄壮。 军乐奏后，大会执行主席陈毅宣布了部队领导人和序列。 在雷鸣般的掌声中，军长朱德，党代表毛泽东作了热情洋溢的讲话。 朱德说：“我们党领导下的两支革命武装会师了。这是一件很值得高兴的大事。但是，敌人却很难过。那么，就让敌人难过去吧，我们不能照顾他们的情绪，我们将来还要消灭他们呢！这次胜利会师，我们的力量扩大了，又有井冈山作为根据地，我们就可以不断地打击敌人，不断地发展革命。”最后，他希望两支部队会师后，加强团结。他又向群众保证，红军一定会保卫红色根据地，保护群众分田的利益。 朱德的话坚定而有力，赢得了阵阵热烈的掌声。 毛泽东讲话时，指出了这次会师的伟大意义，分析了红军部队的光明前途。他说：“我们不光要打仗，还要发动群众、组织群众。现在我们在数量上、装备上不如敌人，但是，我们有马列主义，有群众支持，不怕打不败敌人。敌人即使有孙悟空的本事，我们也有方法对付他们，因为我们有如来佛的本事，他们总逃不出如来佛的手掌。荷花出水有高低，敌人也是有强有弱，兵力分布也难保没有不周到的地方，我们抓住敌人的弱点，狠狠地打一顿，打胜了，立刻分散到敌人背后去捉迷藏。这样，我们就能够掌握主动权，把敌人放在手心里玩。” 毛泽东这番话，把大家说得心花怒放，信心倍增。 接着，参谋长王尔琢及宁冈县委书记龙超清等也讲了话。 最后，来自两军的文艺骨干登台表演了文艺节目。宜章县委书记胡世俭表演了二胡独奏；彭琦和另外一名同志表演了双簧；彭儒跳了单人舞。还有花鼓戏、四川小调、宁冈采茶、京剧清唱……节目多姿多彩。 大会从上午10时一直开到下午1时才结束。 井冈山会师和红四军的成立，开创了根据地的新局面，迅速取得了“四至七月四个月的各次军事胜利和群众割据的发展”，毛泽东：《井冈山的斗争》。使根据地进入了全盛时期。 “井冈山会师，具有伟大的历史意义。它不仅对当时坚持井冈山区的斗争，而且对以后建立和扩大农村革命根据地，坚决走农村包围城市的革命道路，推动全国革命事业的发展，产生了极其深远的影响。”粟裕：《激流归大海》。 井冈山会师，是中国人民军队发展史上的一个重大事件。但是，对井冈山会师的时间、编制序列等问题一直存在着不同的提法和争议。（关于会师的时间有三说：一是目前的传统说法，即4月28日；一是4月上旬；一是4月中旬。关于编制序列，一是“三师九团说”；二是“二师六团一教导大队说”；三是“三师八团说”。同时，还涉及红四军是否设有政治部，陈毅是否任政治部主任等问题。 1.关于井冈山会师的时间问题。 认为井冈山会师在4月28日的主要依据是：（1）毛泽东《井冈山前委给中央的报告》：“四月，朱毛两部及湖南农军退宁冈，乃再开始边界的割据。”（2）朱德1962年《从南昌起义到井冈山》中说：“1928年4月28日，我们南昌起义保留下来的这部分队伍和湖南地方武装，在宁冈县的砻市同毛主席直接领导的工农革命军胜利会师。”（3）何长工、萧克、龙开富、唐天际、赖毅等老同志的回忆均持此说，其中何长工说得较为肯定。 从上述三方面资料上看，历史文献未直接载明，基本上是依据当事人回忆认定的。但是，所得的4月28日的会师时间与保留下来的另一些历史文献发生很大矛盾。 因此，有人提出了“4月上旬说”。“4月上旬说”，对会师时间的结论太早，且与历史文献不相符，早已被史学界所否认，在此不赘。 于是，又有了“4月中旬说”。“4月中旬说”的主要依据是：（一）1928年4月25日江西省委给党中央的报告称，“据吉安来人报告，毛泽东部确与朱德汇合”。以报告的时间扣去消息几经传递的时间，会师时间似在4月中旬；（二）1928年5月2日毛泽东写给中央的报告。这是四军成立后第一次占领永新城时写的。报告说：“追击毛部之杨如轩师，结果反被毛部赶至赣边。其八十一团部击溃于遂川之五斗江，七十九团前被毛缴械，三营现在亦被朱部击溃于永新。”以此为据，有人认为从成立四军—黄垇战斗—五斗江战斗—一占永新的军事行动，大约需要半个月时间，故按5月2日往上溯，得出会师时间应在4月中旬。 我们认为：会师时间不是4月中旬，也不是4月28日，而是4月24日前后。主要依据是： 第一，1928年4月25日《江西省委致中共中央的信》所云“据吉安来人报告，毛泽东部确与朱德部会合”之语，当指4月中旬末由何长工率领的工农革命军第二团同朱德部在酃县沔渡的会合，而不是毛泽东所率的第一团已与朱德部会合。因为，4月中旬时，毛泽东率领一团于4月9日才退出汝城，这有当年敌军报告为证，4月中旬，毛部仍还在资兴龙溪洞一带，尚未上山。 第二，国民党追剿军的报告亦可印证。（1）1928年4月20号《湖南国民日报》载：“张团敬兮于本月18日抵攸，民众异常欢迎。闻安仁之共匪集中茶陵。张团准与李朝芳师长会剿。想不久可望肃清云。”张敬兮团系吴尚第八军程泽润师所属，正是被毛泽东部一团在酃县接龙桥战斗中所击溃的追剿军，其4月18日尚在攸县，可见毛泽东部到达酃县时当在其后，接龙桥战斗也应在4月20日之后。（2）国民党第十三军第二师周参谋长梗（23日）酉电称：“职协同第八军一部于漾日（23日）收复酃城，朱毛残部数千窜赣西。”此电可证毛泽东部在酃县接龙桥战斗后撤出时间应在22日或23日，回到宁冈砻市的时间也当在24日前后。 由此可见，朱毛两部会师的时间应为4月24日前后。 2.关于会师时的编制序列问题。 一是“两师六团一教导大队”说。此说是指第四军下辖第十师，第一十一师和教导大队，两师各辖三个团，即第十师下辖第二十八、二十九、三十团，第十一师辖第三十一、三十二、三十三团，另成立一军直教导大队，陈毅任大队长。 这种说法的依据是：（1）毛泽东于1928年5月2日在永新写给中央的信。其中说：“前湘特委决定朱毛两部合编为第四军，指定朱任军长，毛任党代表。朱部编为第十师，毛部编为第十一师。湘南各县农军编入两师中，朱兼第十师师长，宛希先任党代表；毛兼第十一师师长（本为张子清，因他受伤毛兼代），何挺颖任党代表。另一教导大队，陈毅任大队长。”此外，杜修经1928年7月向湖南省委的报告，说到有六个团，却未说有几个师，也未说有教导大队。 本来，毛泽东的报告时间早，最具有价值。但是，文中所记载的编制序列，不仅与大量的井冈山斗争亲历者如何长工、萧克、朱良才、黄克诚、李克如、李奇中等人的回忆不同，且与现存的其他历史文献也不一致。因之，这当是4月底按湘南特委指示缩编后的编制。 二是“三师九团”说。与“二师六团一教导大队说”不同的另一件说法是朱毛会师后编为三师九团。其主要依据是： （1）1928年5月13日《中共江西省委向中央的报告》云：“据一吉安被俘而放回的一连指导员讲，工农革命军第四军（即朱毛的部队）有枪4500多支，共十、十一、十二三个师，军长朱德，党代表毛泽东（宛希先代），军委书记宛希先。十师长朱兼，为第二十五师余部所编，为全军精锐；十一师长毛兼，为江西工农革命军编，十二师长陈毅，为平、醴、耒一带农军所组成。”该情况因由“被俘而放回的一连指导员”所提供，故有些地方失实，如把原本是毛泽东的党代表和军委书记说成是宛希先。但提到了有三个师，十二师师长是陈毅。 （2）1928年9月1日陈毅《关于朱毛军的历史及其状况的报告》中说：“到了4月朱部2000余人，湘南农军8000余人，毛部千余人，袁王各300人，如此庞大军队有统一指挥训练的必要，乃决定成立红军第四军，以朱为军长，毛为党代表，改编为三师，率（卒）以枪械不足乃改编为二十八、二十九、三十、三十一、三十二、三十三六团，取消师部由军部直接指挥全军约万余人，枪仅2000余。”这里，明确讲“编为三师”，后“因枪械不足”，才改编为六个团。可见，编三个师时就不止六个团，应当还有三十四、三十五、三十六三个团。 （3）何长工1933年8月1日在《红色中华》发表的《井冈山斗争与中国工农红军的创造》一文中说：“至1928年3月末（用的可能是阴历——引者）朱德同志领导'八一'与湘南暴动的遗产带入井冈，与毛部会合，在宁冈砻市始正式改编为中国工农红军第四军，朱德军长兼十师师长，毛党代表兼十一师师长，王尔琢任参谋长，陈毅任十二师师长，共编九团。二十八团团长王尔琢，党代表何长工，二十九团团长胡少海，党代表龚楚，三十一团团长张子清，党代表何挺颖，三十二团团长袁文才，党代表陈东日，三十三团团长戴成本，党代表黄克诚，三十四团团长李奇中，党代表黄义藻，三十五、三十六团不详。特务营长宋乔生。”何长工是井冈山斗争时期的重要人物，文章是1933年所写，记忆尚清，虽三十团未写，但明确记载了三个师，九个团。 （4）还有一件历史文物亦可说明有三个师九个团。即至今宁冈县茅坪八角楼墙壁上仍保存着当年十二师三十五团团部所写的三条标语。其内容是：“消灭国民党头子代表土豪的走狗！”“共产党是为无产阶级谋生活的！”“工农暴动起来消灭一切反革命！”落款是：“红军第四军十二师三十五团团部。”茅坪是当年井冈山根据地的党政军所在地，八角楼系毛泽东住地，可以肯定，朱毛砻市会师时，由于部队逾万，三十五团驻扎在茅坪一带。这些标语是红军走后，当地群众用石灰浆将墙壁刷新遮盖起来的，解放后才重新洗刷出来，恢复本来面目。白墙黑字，笔迹清晰，明白无误，当可作证。 （5）黄克诚、萧克、李奇中、李克如、朱良才等老同志，均回忆编了三个师，有三十四、三十五、三十六三个团，并回忆第三十四团团长为邝，党代表邓宗海；第三十五团团长黄克诚，党代表李一鼎；三十六团团长李奇中，党代表黄义藻。此外，陈毅在解放后曾有一首诗，诗中有“忆我尽长梭镖师”之句。 至此，我们可以认定，朱毛会师后确有过三个师九个团的编制。至于“三师八团”说是指没有三十团，但历史文献有多处记载有三十团，此说大同小异。 那么，在朱毛会师后编制序列的这一重大事件上，何以会出现不一致的记载呢？我们认为：这是会师后到5月底有过三次变化所致。第一次是4月25日的红四军第一次党代会上，确定建立三师九团的编制；第二次是4月底按湘南特委指示，缩编为两师六团一教导大队；第三次是5月底，“因给养困难”，三十团、三十三团、三十四团、三十五团、三十六团“转回湘南”。此事陈毅的报告及一些老同志的回忆均有说明。因此，研究朱毛会师后的编制序列问题，必须从会师前后的变化中作出分析，而不能仅仅根据某一种记载、说法去判断。 3.关于红四军军部是否设政治部和陈毅任职问题。 这个问题有两个历史文件可以说明。一是毛泽东于1928年11月25日起草的《井冈山前委向中央的报告》中记载：“此间军队今年四月以前都有政治部，因影响不好，方取消。有政治部，使官兵群众认为政治工作只是政治部几个人做的，余人即以单纯打仗为职务，取消了政治部，人人要打仗，人人要做政治工作（政治训练与民众运动），才把单纯的军事脑筋打破。”二是杨克敏1929年2月25日《关于湘赣边苏区情况的综合报告》中记载：“设政治部是国民革命军的遗留，军中官长士兵都讨厌这个名词，取而代之的士兵委员会，在近一年时间中，各项工作都不错，比设政治部由政治部督促要强得多。”此两件报告都说明，从1928年4月工农革命军第四军成立起，到1929年1月杨克敏由井冈山去上海向中共中央做汇报为止，“近一年时间”中都取消了政治部，而代之以士兵委员会。自然，陈毅在井冈山时期就没有任过政治部主任。陈毅是1929年6月到闽西后才担任红四军政治部主任的。 中国工农革命军第四军序列表 （1928年4月至5月）军长：朱德 党代表：毛泽东 参谋长：王尔琢 教导大队大队长兼士兵委员会主任： Chen Yi （1929年6月改任政治部主任） 第十师师长：朱德（兼） 党代表：宛希先 第二十八团团长：王尔琢 党代表：何长工 第一营营长：林彪 党代表：熊寿祺 第二营营长：袁崇全（后叛变） 党代表：杜松柏（后叛变） 第三营营长：萧劲 党代表：吴弼 第二十九团团长：胡少海 党代表：龚楚 第一营营长：朱舍我 党代表：××× 第二营营长：李光化 党代表：胡世俭 第三营营长：肖荣标 党代表：彭晒 第三十团团长：刘之至 党代表：××× 第十一师师长：张子清（因负伤由毛泽东兼代） 党代表：何挺颖 第三十一团团长：张子清（兼） 党代表：何挺颖（兼） 第一营营长：员一民（后）陈毅安 党代表：毛泽覃（另说匡祖泉） 第三营营长：伍中豪 党代表：杨岳彬（后叛变） 第三十二团团长：袁文才 党代表：陈东日 第一营营长：袁文才（兼） 党代表：陈东日（兼） 第二营营长：王佐 党代表：康健 第三十三团团长：邓允庭（一说戴成本） 党代表：邝朱权（一说黄克诚） 第十二师师长：陈毅（兼） 党代表：邓宗海 第三十四团团长：邓宗海（兼） 党代表：刘泰 第三十五团团长：黄克诚 党代表：李一鼎 第三十六团团长：李奇中 党代表：黄义藻 军直属单位： 特务营营长：宋乔生 党代表：敬懋修 红军医院院长：曹嵘 党代表：萧光球