Chapter 14 Chapter Thirteen 1990

1990 was a year of carrying forward the past and ushering in the future.At the beginning of the new year, Premier Li Peng pointed out that China will continue to adhere to the policy of reform and opening up. The Sixth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing from March 9th to 12th.The meeting passed the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Strengthening the Party's Connection with the People".The plenary session believes that the party's long-term struggle has created and developed the mass line of trusting the masses, relying on the masses, and coming from the masses to the masses. This is the party's fundamental work line, and it is the party's fine tradition and political advantage. From December 25th to 30th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held the Seventh Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee.The plenary session reviewed and approved the "Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's Proposal on Formulating a 10-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Eighth Five-Year Plan". The "Proposal" puts forward the basic tasks and principles and policies of my country's national economic and social development.The plenary session spoke highly of the great achievements of reform, opening up and socialist modernization since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, and fully affirmed the remarkable achievements made in various tasks since the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee.

National Energy Minister Huang Yicheng announced on March 14 that China has entered the ranks of the world's energy powers.By last year, the total output of primary energy had reached 1 billion tons of standard coal, an increase of 43.5 times compared to 23 million tons in 1949, with an average annual increase rate of 9.9%. This year, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council agreed with Shanghai to speed up the development of the Pudong area and implement the policy of economic and technological development zones and certain special economic zones in Pudong.This is another major deployment for deepening reform and expanding opening up.

On September 12, as the western section of China's Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway and the Soviet Union's Tuxi Railway joined forces between Alashankou Station in Xinjiang on the Sino-Soviet border and Druzhba Station in the Soviet Union, the second "Eurasian Continental Bridge" was fully completed.It starts from Lianyungang, China in the east, passes through the Longhai Line and Lanxin Line, crosses the hinterland of the Eurasian continent, and ends in Rotterdam, the Netherlands in the west. It has a total length of more than 12,000 kilometers. In the 1990s, my country's aerospace and other high-tech developed rapidly.This year, the self-developed "Long March 3" carrier rocket sent the "Asia 1" communication satellite developed by the Houston company of the United States into the predetermined orbit.China's first pulse reactor was built and reached criticality at the China Nuclear Power Research and Design Institute.

From September 22 to October 7, the 10th Asian Games will be held in Beijing. This is the first time that the Asian Games will be hosted by China in the 40 years since its birth. A total of 6,578 athletes from 37 countries and regions participated in 27 events, making it the largest sports event in the history of Asian sports; a total of 4 and more than 6 world records were broken.The Chinese team ranked first with an absolute advantage of 183 gold medals, and South Korea and Japan won the second and third respectively. Wen Wei Po, Tianjin, January 2 (Reporter Xu Qianwei) Pilot solar houses built using solar energy in various places have been loved and praised by people because they are as warm as spring in winter.More than 200,000 square meters of this new type of housing have been built nationwide, making it a rising star in housing construction.

lead to uproar After the TV series of the same name adapted from Qian Zhongshu's book was broadcast on CCTV, it caused a sensation in the whole country.The TV series uses visual art to reshape a modern classic novel, turning a work that people thought was destined to be enjoyed only among intellectuals into an excellent TV series for both refined and popular tastes. Wen Wei Po, January 6th (Reporter Yu Peihua) Xu Zhichao, director of the Shanghai Municipal Post and Telecommunications Administration, announced in Jiading that the county has taken the lead in realizing the automation of rural and rural telephones in the country, thus revealing that farmers can carry out long-distance communication and international communication without going out. A new page for communications.

Wen Wei Po, Beijing, January 9th (Reporter Zhu Guoqiu) Liaoning Youth Publishing House, which took five years to write a large-scale series of books about Chinese history - "Five Thousand Years of Romance", held its first release ceremony in Beijing today.The book has a total of more than 4.3 million words. From the legend of Yanhuang to the May 4th Movement, it systematically reflects the history of China's 5,000 years, and provides a vivid teaching material for patriotic education and national conditions education.As soon as the book was published, it was loved by readers, especially young people.

People's Daily, January 12th (Reporter Liu Guilian) The first "multifunctional video phone system" in China that can remotely send and receive various information through an ordinary telephone line has passed the finalization of provincial and ministerial technical products, and has been Approved by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, it can be incorporated into the national public telephone network for use.The desire to hear the voice and see the person on the phone can be realized. On January 10, Associate Professor Xiao Zimei from Sun Yat-Sen University, the researcher and developer of this achievement, together with Shenzhen Shenglong Company and Zhongsui Electronic Industry Company held an exhibition of achievements in Beijing.The demonstration shows that the system is suitable for remote video and teleconference, remote transmission of file charts, long-distance monitoring and observation scheduling of factories, mines and enterprises.It is also widely used in public security, customs, national defense and military affairs.

People's Daily, January 13th (Li Zhenchuan, Inner Mongolia Darhan Maoming'an United Banner Broadcasting Station) In the vast countryside at the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain in the west of Ulanqab League in our autonomous region, an opera troupe performing for farmers is active.Since 1980, they have traveled from village to village with their luggage and costumes and props, and delivered operas to farmers. They perform more than 200 performances every year and attract more than 200,000 audiences. They are affectionately called "Farmers Opera Troupe" by the local people.The opera troupe is collectively owned and currently has 25 actors and 8 students.The repertoires they performed include traditional two-person drama, Jin opera excerpts, and self-edited "Ji Gambling", "Family Cases", "Girls Who Can't Get Married", etc. " and other programs and folk songs and dances.Because the content of the performance is lively and healthy, and the fee is low, it is very popular among farmers.

Wen Wei Po, January 20th (Reporter Wei Gong) For the first time in my country, fish were discovered in the ocean at a depth of 5,000 meters.This is revealed by the photos taken with the advanced seabed photo system by the "Ocean No. 4" survey ship of the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources during the ocean polymetallic exploration that ended in December last year. Wen Wei Po, Beijing, January 21 (Reporter Chen Kexiong) The long documentary prose "Traveling in Northern Tibet" written by the young Tibetan poetess Ma Lihua caused strong repercussions in Beijing after its publication.Yesterday, some capital critics held a symposium and pointed out that this is "a magnificent work with a deep sense of history, a distinct sense of the times, and academic value."

Xinhua News Agency, Chengdu, January 24 (Reporter Jin Xiaoming) The country's first "storage market" has recently appeared in Chengdu.Enterprises with insufficient storage facilities do not need to occupy arable land to build warehouses, and enterprises with sufficient storage facilities do not need to worry about the impact of idle facilities on income.This market is a collaborative body formed by some enterprises with storage facilities in Chengdu on the basis of voluntary participation. The relevant departments of the municipal government form a market management committee to guide, supervise and coordinate the market.Since the opening of the market in the first two months, it has received more than 60 customers from inside and outside the province, and signed 12 leasing contracts, with a transaction warehouse area of ​​5,000 square meters and a transaction rent of 225,000 yuan.

The Modern Daily reported on January 28 that Shang Xiang, the Russian lieutenant staff officer of an artillery unit stationed in Xinjiang, and his girlfriend Zhu Rong, a girl of the Han nationality, agreed to hold a new wedding ceremony, with no banquets or gifts, and a novel and unique hot air balloon wedding.Not long ago, the couple got married on a hot air balloon in the sky. It was the first time in China and the third case in the world to hold a wedding in a hot air balloon. Xinhua News Agency, Changsha, Jan. 30 (Correspondent: Xu Lina) Most of the individual hair salons in Changsha, which used to be very prosperous, are now mostly neglected, while most of the state-owned barber shops that were once depressed are booming in business.According to the statistics of Changsha Service Company, the perm income of state-owned barbershops reached more than 3 million yuan last year, accounting for 70% of the total social perm industry income from 20% before, thus declaring that the monopoly position of individual hair salons has come to an end .It is understood that the main reason for the good business of state-owned barbershops in Changsha is that the price of perms is relatively low. Ordinary cadres, teachers, and workers who did not dare to expect popular hairstyles before are now trying to get perms in state-owned barbershops. Xinhua News Agency, January 31: Due to the rapid introduction of science and technology to farmers, my country's annual output of edible fungi has exceeded 600,000 tons, becoming a veritable "Kingdom of Edible Fungi" in the world. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 31st. The development of optical fiber image transmission technology has enabled quite a few blind people and those with severely impaired vision to see again.As long as the patient still has a residual vision of 0.02-0.1, after wearing a vision aid developed based on optical fiber image transmission technology, the vision will immediately and miraculously return to the level where he can read books and newspapers and write freely.This kind of vision aid is like ordinary glasses, with a thin, flexible tube connected to one lens at one end and a special pen at the other end.As long as you wear the glasses and move the special pen on the paper, you can clearly see the enlarged text on the paper.The magnification of the text can be adjusted freely between 6 and 13 times.Put a refill on the nib and start writing. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 2. According to the latest figures provided by the National Bureau of Statistics, by the end of 1989, the number of workers in units owned by the whole people exceeded 100 million for the first time, reaching 101 million, an increase of 1.16 million over the previous year.This growth rate has slowed down significantly compared to the previous years of governance and rectification.In the three years from 1986 to 1988, units owned by the whole people added a total of 9.94 million employees, an average annual increase of more than 3.31 million. Xinhua News Agency, February 6th, the 82-year-old famous Japanese writer Yasushi Inoue overcame the difficulties of being weak and sick, and wrote "The Book of Confucius".Since its publication in September last year, the circulation has reached 466,000 copies in less than five months, and the current best-selling momentum has not yet declined. In recent years, with the continuous development of my country's economic construction, Yan'an City, which lives deep in the hinterland of the plateau and where cave dwellings are traditional folk houses for generations, has a lot of buildings, the tallest building is 9 floors, and more than 2 million square meters of houses have been built in the urban area, most of which are residences.Most of the more than 100,000 residents in Yan'an City have bid farewell to the cave dwellings they lived in for generations and moved to new buildings.Now only 1/4 of the city's residents live in the old cave dwellings.A young man who has just moved into the building said that the cave dwelling has the characteristics of low construction cost, no need for maintenance, warm in winter and cool in summer, etc., and his parents could not bear to part with it.And he likes buildings with good ventilation, lighting and sanitary conditions. A farmer social endowment insurance plan aimed at solving the worries of farmers has been first introduced in Yantai a few days ago.This program mainly implements individual payment, with appropriate subsidies in the village.Farmers aged 18 to 59 for men and 18 to 54 for women are covered by the insurance.Insurance premiums start from the first payment of insurance premiums to the year of receiving pensions. Xinhua News Agency, Fuzhou, February 8th (Correspondent: Chen Chenxi) my country's first provincial capital city cable TV system has recently started construction in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province.The first phase of Fuzhou CATV network has a scale of 100,000 households.In addition to playing and transmitting several sets of self-managed TV programs and multiple sets of TV stations and FM programs to users, this system can also amplify and mix TV signals such as ground satellite receiving stations and transmit them to thousands of households. Wen Wei Po, February 16th, my country began to develop subway passenger cars in 1962 and entered into product upgrading in 1987. Through the introduction of foreign new technologies, my country's latest second-generation subway passenger cars were successfully developed in my country's Changchun Bus Factory and put into mass production. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 28th (Reporter Li Mei) A poetry singing troupe voluntarily supported by some enthusiastic music, literary and business people was recently established in Beijing.It is the first music group in our country that specializes in singing traditional Chinese poetry.This singing group affiliated to the China International Cultural Exchange Center aims to promote and popularize China's long-standing poetry civilization and inspire national pride. Wen Wei Po, March 7th (Reporter Chen Xiaoli) Being called "our most intimate friend" by teenagers is the greatest joy of Fu Min and Zhang Hong, the writers and directors of the TV series "16-year-old Flower Season".Their new 12-episode TV series "16-year-old Flower Season" premiered in Shanghai and received a lot of praise.This play truly reflects the sadness, confusion and hope of young adults, making the audience fall into some sad contemplation after watching it. Xinhua News Agency, Shijiazhuang, March 13. Since the busy production season of spring plowing and sowing preparation, the "backpack bank" in urban and rural areas of Qiu County, Hebei Province has been very popular.The "backpack bank" tour service team established by the Agricultural Bank of China arranges and grants loans from village to household, and guides farmers to use the loans properly, while investigating, arranging, distributing and recovering loans. The "Backpack Bank" has so far traveled to 219 villages in the county, allocated 4.6 million yuan in agricultural loans, and helped farmers solve 2,010 difficult problems. Xinhua News Agency, Urumqi, March 15 (Reporter Li Xianguo) Kazakh, Mongolian, Kirgiz, Tajik and other ethnic herdsmen have been nomadic for generations. Last year, 7,676 households lived a new life of settlement, which increased the number of settled herdsmen in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. to 59,000 households, accounting for 1/3 of the total number of herdsmen.Xinjiang pastoral area, which has long been "relying on the sky to raise livestock", has built many fodder and forage bases, drinking water projects for humans and animals and other infrastructure with strong support from the state in recent years.At present, more and more herdsmen of ethnic minorities have begun to settle down. Xinhua News Agency reported on April 2 that today the State Council decided to carry out the work of cleaning up the "triangular debt" nationwide.Due to a weak market, a backlog of products, and a shortage of circulating funds in enterprises, the problem of insufficient circulation funds has become increasingly acute, resulting in serious arrears of payment between enterprises and units. In 1989, the total number of arrears in the country reached more than 100 billion yuan. , showing an upward trend. The phenomenon of "triangular debt" not only hinders the normal operation of production work, but also damages social credibility and disrupts economic order. People's Daily, April 11 (by Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Jinye) The quietly rising family culture is spreading in some rural areas of Shandong Province. It adds color and laughter to the boring and monotonous rural family life in the past.Since the rural reform, the family has become the basic production and management unit, and the free time of farmers at home has increased significantly. After the food and clothing are abundant, farmers are not satisfied with the monotonous family life of "three full meals and one bed".As a result, the family culture with the characteristics of the times quietly emerged.The rise of family culture has played a positive and effective role in promoting the construction of rural spiritual civilization, improving farmers' quality and self-cultivation, establishing a scientific, civilized, and healthy lifestyle, and promoting social stability. People's Daily, April 22 (Reporter Qiao Yang) Recently, Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock Factory of the Ministry of Railways successfully produced the first batch of tourist hard sleeper passenger cars in my country.This kind of passenger car is a supporting product of the new generation of tourist passenger cars in the future. Its appearance has changed the long-term dependence on imports of high-end railway passenger cars in my country.This batch of tourist buses is characterized by beautiful appearance, safe and stable operation, wide standard gauge, convenient use and replacement, excellent cold resistance performance, and stable and reliable quality.After appraised by relevant experts, they are considered to have reached the advanced level of international railway passenger car manufacturing in the 1980s. Xinhua News Agency, April 30th Fujian Mindong Electric Machinery Group Co., Ltd. published an advertisement introducing the company's products on Taiwan's "Zili Evening News" from March 30th to 31st. This is the first time that a mainland company has directly advertised in a Taiwan newspaper. People's Daily, Beijing, May 1st reporter Shi Mingshen learned from the People's Construction Bank of China that after Bank of China and Industrial and Commercial Bank of China started credit card business, the bank issued CCB MasterCard credit cards to the public on May 1st.It is understood that all enterprises, institutions and individuals who apply for the CCB MasterCard only need to deposit a small amount of reserve funds and security deposits, and they can use the CCB and Bank of China's more than 3,000 special merchants with the unified logo of the MasterCard International Organization across the country, More than 160 branches that issue credit cards, direct shopping, consumption and cash withdrawal. Xinhua News Agency, May 2 The spring breeze has just blown to the Northeast, but all kinds of colorful skirts, which were originally summer "patented products", have been favored by women in the north early, and they have shown their elegance on the streets and alleys in advance.In Northeast cities such as Shenyang, Anshan, and Dandong, more and more women are "advanced" and "overseasonal" wearing skirts of different styles and colors, adding a sense of spring to the belated spring. Xinhua News Agency, Hangzhou, May 8 (Reporter Tong Baogen) Many factories in Hangzhou now have a lot of "scholars" in their sales teams, and some of them are experts with the titles of senior engineers and senior economists.Hangzhou Boiler Factory has more than 30 engineers and technicians participating in the sales work, of which 3 are senior engineers; The machinery factory even did not hesitate to change the director of the factory-run research institute to enrich the sales force. "Expert sales" is quietly emerging in Hangzhou. Xinhua News Agency, Guangzhou, May 11 (Reporter Li Hu) Hanging paintings and calligraphy in halls and living rooms has gradually become a new pursuit of many ordinary people in Yangcheng.Experts in the cultural circles analyzed that Chinese painting and calligraphy entered the homes of ordinary people, which is a new fashion for the people to pursue a noble spiritual life and promote national culture. Wen Wei Po reported on May 14 in Xi'an that there are both Beijing opera programs and football matches on the screen. This is my country's first nine-screen digital color TV receiver successfully developed by Xidian University with the assistance of Nanjing Panda Electronics Group.Experts believe that the color TV has reached the international advanced level. People's Daily, Shanghai, May 16th (Reporter Huang Qiong and Liu Shi) The 1990 Shanghai Art Festival added new joy and artistic enjoyment to the people of Shanghai.The Shanghai Arts Festival is a grand gathering for professional literary and artistic teams to show their strength and new artists to be active on the stage. It is also a good opportunity for Chinese and foreign art workers to enhance friendship and learn skills.This year's Shanghai Art Festival focuses on music and dance.Mexican castanets, modern dances by Queensland Northern Dance Troupe, Leningrad National Chamber Symphony Orchestra, popular songs by French female singer Dorothy, etc., all attracted a large number of audiences. China Social Daily reported on May 17 that the number obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics showed that the number of celibate men in my country is 15 times that of women; the number of celibate population aged 28 to 49 has increased and is on the rise. In 1987, the National Bureau of Statistics sampled 1% of the population and showed that the number of single people aged 28 to 49 increased to about 11.364 million.At present, the single population in our country is still on the rise, but the number in rural areas is gradually declining. Wen Wei Po, May 20th (Reporter Zhang Lixing) Last night, the large-scale Peking Opera song and dance "Peking Opera Style" created and performed by the Shanghai Peking Opera Theater aroused the keen interest of more than 1,000 audiences in the Dance Scene Hall with its novel and unique artistic conception and arrangement. . "Peking Opera Style" has a foreign film-style structure of singing and dancing, fantastic scenes, grand momentum, rich colors, etc., making the whole scene angle beautiful. People's Daily, Changsha, May 20 (Reporter Du Ruoyuan) The long-abandoned rice sowing technology has regained the favor of farmers in the Dongting Lake area of ​​Hunan Province.This method was explored by Xu Zhaofa, a model rice worker in Hunan Province. It has the advantages of high yield, provincial planting, and early maturity.After implementing this sowing method in 100,000 mu of paddy fields in Nan County, the average yield per mu increased by nearly 70 kilograms. Xinhua News Agency, Shenyang, May 26 (Reporter Zhou Baohua Ma Yi) Farmers in Tai'an County, Liaoning will no longer worry about the difficulty of traveling.After more than five years of hard work, they took the lead in realizing the goal of all villages with asphalt roads in the whole country.In Tai'an County, which is located on the alluvial plain of the Liaohe River, although some dirt roads were built in the past, due to the strong viscosity of the soil, the roads are often blocked in rainy days. In 1985, the county party committee and the county people's government decided to take measures to fundamentally reverse this passive situation.Now, the vehicles for purchasing all kinds of agricultural and sideline products are unimpeded regardless of wind and rain, and farmers no longer worry that vegetables will not be sold. Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, May 26 (Intern reporter Liu Xiangping) The real estate company in Qiaokou District, Wuhan pioneered the method of "replacing houses on TV", by making TV videos of the houses of the residents who requested to change houses, and intuitively displaying the exterior and internal conditions of the houses. Show it to the residents, and the guide will explain the current situation, environment, internal and external structure, traffic conditions and other aspects of the house.They used the rest time to go to factories, mines, and neighborhood committees to screen for residents.Since the end of March this year, 25 residents have exchanged their ideal houses through TV recordings. People's Daily, May 27th (Reporter Zhong Xin) A few days ago, a fashion mall on Renmin Road in Guangzhou had a new batch of summer fashion for middle-aged and elderly women.Word spread and it sold out within days.Nowadays, middle-aged and elderly ladies of different levels in Guangzhou, whether they are working, retired, or housewives, are showing more and more women's love for beauty.In the past, the old-fashioned clothes, regardless of gender, have long been shelved, replaced by matching dresses made of noble materials, double-breasted Tang suits, embroidered shirts and pants, etc., and jewelry to match.An elderly fashion model performance team composed of retired old workers and housewives in the Dongshan District of Guangzhou City has been performing for several years. my country's public security organs have recently cracked the largest transnational drug trafficking case since the founding of the People's Republic of China. A total of 51 drug traffickers (including 10 overseas drug traffickers) were arrested, 221.3 kilograms of heroin, drug trafficking funds, pistols, and transportation and communication tools used for drug trafficking were seized.In this major transnational drug trafficking case that was uncovered, a large amount of heroin was transported into my country by the bosses of the Burmese drug processing factory and drug dealers, and then purchased by domestic drug dealers or contacted and sold to Guangdong, and finally purchased by Hong Kong drug dealers and shipped to Hong Kong. This year, China's divorce rate broke through 10% for the first time to reach 10.2%, while the figure was 1.2% 10 years ago.The number of divorced people is increasing by an average of 1% a year.As a result, in the society about marriage, there are such rhetoric as "marriage is a typical mistake, divorce is a sudden awakening, remarriage is obsession, and not getting married is a complete realization". Xinhua News Agency, Tianjin, June 10 (Reporter Ma Jie) Tianjin implements the containerization of municipal solid waste collection and transportation, which eliminates the phenomenon of spillage and leakage in the process of garbage collection and transportation, effectively improves the environmental sanitation, and sets an example in the whole country effect.A few days ago, the Ministry of Construction promoted this experience to more than 40 cities.This measure not only facilitates the lives of the masses, improves environmental sanitation, but also reduces the labor intensity of sanitation workers. People's Daily, June 21 (Reporter Hong Ge) my country's first rear-braking TV OB van was launched in Beijing TV Equipment Factory a few days ago.The circuit of this OB van adopts dual video channel technology, adding digital special effects and video recorder slow motion functions; the power supply system uses an isolation transformer to enhance reliability.The TV OB van is a large-scale outdoor TV program production equipment necessary for TV program production departments such as TV stations and audio-visual education. Wen Wei Po, July 4th: The Red Cross Society of China held a legislative work conference in Shanghai on July 3rd, after which my country's first "Red Cross Law" was published. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 4th (Reporter Zhao Wei) This year is the first year that the national unified examination for college admissions has been formally standardized.The person in charge of the Examination Management Center of the State Education Commission said that standardized examinations will make the test errors smaller and the results more objective and fair. People's Daily, Beijing, July 5th (Reporter Zhang Yaxin) The BR100 color roll of "Lucky" recently passed the ministerial appraisal in Beijing. "Lucky" BR100 daylight color film is a new generation of color photographic film developed by the No. 1 Film Factory of the Ministry of Chemical Industry. It has been tested and proved to have reached the goal of trial production. The color saturation and detail expression ability have made obvious breakthroughs; after test sales, the product performance is basically stable, the raw materials are basically based on domestic, and there are obvious economic benefits. Its main photographic performance and picture quality basically reach the advanced level of similar international products. Wen Wei Po on July 6, Guangzhou Special Telegram (Reporter Li Tingkun) The first phase of the Guangzhou Ring Expressway in my country, the first phase of the Guangzhou Ring Expressway, has been completed and opened to traffic a few days ago. People's Daily, July 8th (Reporter Ren Zhi) The LLS-1000 language teaching equipment produced by Beijing Yaguang Educational Equipment Factory has recently passed the appraisal of the State Education Commission in Beijing.All operating functions of the equipment are controlled by programs, and computer technology is firstly used in general education equipment.The programming of the machine meets the needs of teaching and has reached the international advanced level in the late 1980s. Xinhua News Agency, Urumqi, July 18 (Reporter Li Shengjiang) Minority people in Xinjiang, who love silk clothing, consume 20 million meters of silk a year to make clothes, and the per capita consumption ranks first in the country. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 24 (Reporter Jiang Jun) In the vegetable baskets of urban residents in my country, more and more things are bought from bazaars. Except for pork, the share purchased from state-owned stores has exceeded.In the vegetable baskets of urban residents across the country last year, bazaars provided 58% of vegetables, 51% of fresh eggs, more than 65% of aquatic products, beef and mutton, 70% of chickens, ducks and geese, 80% of dried and fresh fruits, slightly less pork. few. People's Daily, July 26 (Reporter Yuan Guoli) According to statistics, in the past 10 years, the average annual growth rate of my country's international mail exports to the five continents of the world has reached 75.6%, and the average annual growth rate of domestic mail exchanges has been 109.3%.Postal express delivery is a new type of business widely launched in the world at present. It takes advantage of the whole process of domestic and foreign postal services and joint operations. Specialized business organizations designate special personnel and special vehicles to deliver time-sensitive goods at the fastest speed. strong mail.At present, 174 cities across the country have opened express delivery services, of which 127 cities have handled international express delivery services. Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, July 26 (Reporter Li Zhiyong and Yan Weimin) Recently, flower arrangement has become a new consumption fashion for young people in Shanghai.Buy a few seasonal flowers, use color contrast, high and low configuration, and various flower arrangement containers to bring beautiful and artistic taste to ordinary families.Since 1987, Shanghai has held a city-wide flower arrangement competition every year, providing opportunities for young flower arrangement lovers to show their talents and improve their artistic appreciation. The "Flower Arrangement Fever" has also stimulated the prosperity of the Shanghai flower market.Last year, more than 150 flower shops in the city sold more than 20 million flowers, and the per capita flower consumption ranked first in the country. People's Daily, July 28th (Reporter Yu Qingqing) "If you don't come to Sandie Spring, you are not a guest of Lushan Mountain", the first scene of Lushan Mountain that is often difficult for tourists to appreciate - the panorama of Sandie Spring, was given by a farmer from Haihui Township, Lushan District, Jiujiang City More than 300,000 yuan was raised, and after more than a year of hard work, all scenic spots in Sandie Spring have been connected.In the past, when people visited Sandie Spring, they could only see the first and second waterfalls. Because of the steep mountains, they could not see the most beautiful third waterfall, let alone the panoramic view of Sandie Spring.In March last year, Haihui Township, located at the foot of Sandie Spring, put forward the concept of "relying on Lushan Mountain, tourism to get rich", organized farmers to go into the cliffs to dig roads, build stone steps, and connect the first, second and third waterfalls Now people can take a car from Jiujiang to Sandie Spring, and it only takes more than one hour. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 29. As long as you know how to read text charts and make phone calls, you will be able to partially use computers.The video network system jointly launched by the Second Artillery Metering Station of the People's Liberation Army, the Second Artillery Engineering College and Jingcheng Electronics Sales Department in Haidian District, Beijing has brought the popularization of computers to a new level and filled a gap in computer applications in my country at the present stage. blank. China Labor Daily reported on August 1 that a reform measure that has always been welcomed by the majority of retired workers-retirement fees will be paid by the society.At present, it has been implemented in 600 cities and counties in my country, accounting for about 27‰ of the cities and counties in the country that have realized social pooling of retirement funds. Wen Wei Po August 4th (Reporter Li Tingkun) The first multi-functional video phone designed by my country has been successfully developed by Xiao Zimei, a teacher at Sun Yat-sen University in Suishen, Shenzhen Shenglong Company and Zhongsui Electronic Industry Company. The realization of modern communication technology in our country has filled a gap, and has aroused widespread concern at home and abroad. China News Agency, August 5th, Da Subin, a 27-year-old student from the Federal Republic of Germany, recently received a doctorate certificate from Zheng Hangsheng, vice president of Renmin University of China.This is the first time that my country has awarded a doctorate in history to a foreign student. Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, August 10 (correspondent Huang Bin) The first helium-filled manned blimp designed and developed by my country successfully made its first flight today in Jingmen City, Hubei Province, thus filling the gap in the development of my country's manned helium-filled airship. . People's Daily, August 12th (Reporter Shigui) The first stereo camera and viewing device launched in China passed the technical appraisal in Beijing on August 10th. The 90-year-old photographer Wu Yinxian and the experts at the meeting believed that this product is at the leading level in China and has promotion value.Stereoscopic photography and viewing device is to install the stereophotographic sub-image lens on the camera objective lens, and the stereoscopic film can be taken according to the usual method, which is expanded and printed into a 3R color stereoscopic photo through ordinary color printing, and can be viewed in the stereoscopic photo viewing mirror. Stereoscopic image. Xinhua News Agency, August 17th, Sichuan Province promoted the use of "Fengshou Brand Rice Harvesters" in rural areas, which played a significant role in this year's rice harvest.It not only reduces the labor intensity of farmers, but also greatly improves labor productivity, which is 5 to 8 times more efficient than using sickles.This kind of harvester is only 20 yuan a piece, and the price is low, which is very popular among farmers. Wen Wei Po, August 19th, in today's nanny market, it is no longer a uniform "women's army".Recently, men who take care of housework have appeared in Chengdu. They are called male nannies.Male nannies work for an hour, and the master pays them at least 3 yuan.Most of the male nannies go to several households a day, so the income is quite good.They are strong, hardworking, and popular with their masters. Information Daily reported on August 19 that according to statistics, there are currently 5,823 folk professional theater troupes in my country, which greatly exceeds the number of professional art performance troupes. They have become an indispensable and dynamic force in the performance troupe. It has a local flavor, and the ticket price follows the market, so it is very popular and greatly enriches the cultural life of the local masses. Wen Wei Po August 22 (Reporter Xu Ming) Huangmei Opera, a wonderful work in the Jianghuai art garden that enjoys national reputation, has achieved new development with the care and support of the Anhui Provincial Party Committee.Huangmei Opera, like other operas across the country, has also experienced some hardships, but now Huangmei Opera has begun to reappear. Last year alone, four Huangmei Operas were made into movies and put on the screen.Huangmei Opera also has five unique features: drama theaters, schools, research institutes, new repertoires, new-generation actors such as Ma Lan and Wu Qiong; in addition, there are special Huangmei Opera publications, which are rare in other operas in the country. People's Daily, August 29th (Reporter Jiang Xia) Baotou Sanitary Products Factory has introduced advanced foreign equipment, supervised by the New Technology Development Department of the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and developed and produced a series of disposable sanitary products.The trump card of this factory is: the exclusive use of a newest patented drug.After identification, the drug has a killing rate of more than 99.9% against Escherichia coli, and has a good inactivation effect on hepatitis B surface antigen and HIV.The Xuekang brand women's high-grade sanitary napkins produced by them and the Weikang wet face towels necessary for business trips and tourism are all sprayed with this drug, and they have been imported to Beijing as designated products for the Asian Games. Wen Wei Po, August 30th, "Karaoke" became popular all over the country as soon as it was introduced into the country. The reason is that it is a specific entertainment method of self-expression and direct participation.However, due to technical problems, the songs sung in "Karaoke" are all from Hong Kong, Taiwan and foreign countries.With the direct care and support of the central leadership, the "Karaoke" laser disc "Everyone Sings", which is full of national cultural flavor and conveys the customs of the homeland, has recently come out for the first time in the mainland. Wen Wei Po, September 3rd, Henan Provincial Department of Tourism took advantage of the widespread popularity of Shaolin Boxing and Tai Chi, the two major schools of martial arts in the province, to hold special special tours, which were welcomed by tourists at home and abroad. After the release of "Shaolin Temple" in 1982, many countries in the world set off a "Chinese Kung Fu craze".Therefore, Henan Tourism Bureau has attracted thousands of tourists from home and abroad by taking advantage of the "Chinese Kung Fu Fever". Xinhua News Agency, September 4th: "In Asia, mountains are high heads, and in Asia, rivers flow like hot blood..." From the streets and alleys to the screen stage, from babbling children to white-haired old men, they are all Humming this Asian Games song, there was a tendency of "Asian glory roaring all over the sky" for a while.The 11th Asian Games song "Asian Heroes" made Wei Wei and Liu Huan popular, and spread the passionate atmosphere of the Asian Games throughout the land of China. The optimistic lyrics sang the common aspirations of people in pursuit of beautiful ideals. The melody of the song expresses the heroic determination of the ancient oriental nation to strive for self-improvement. The popularity of this song is not accidental. It deeply echoes in people's hearts. People's Daily, September 9th (Reporter Li Haiyan) In 501 natural villages in Wu'an City, Hebei Province, each village has set up courtyard schools. According to statistics, there are 1,130 of them. The audience of "planting, breeding, and clothing tailoring" alone has reached 200,000 people.The teaching methods of courtyard schools are flexible, and the transmission of knowledge and skills is highly targeted, so they are very popular among farmers. People's Daily, September 12th (Reporter Yang Wendao) Recently, domestic right-angle flat-screen remote control color TVs and some domestic high-end integrated audio equipment have begun to sell well in the capital market. On September 8, the reporter saw at the color TV and integrated audio counter of Xidan shopping mall in Beijing that within an hour, 24 Peony and Qingdao brand TVs and integrated audio were bought by customers. From September 22 to October 7, the 11th Asian Games will be held in Beijing.This is the first time that China has hosted the Asian Games, and it is also the first comprehensive international sports competition hosted by China.在“团结、友爱、进步”的主旨下，来自亚洲的37个国家和地区的代表团共6578人参加了这届运动会、中国共获得了金牌183枚，银牌107枚，铜牌51枚，第三次获得亚运会金牌总数第一。这次亚运会标志着中国已被公认为亚洲体育强国。 文汇报9月22日讯轻松明快的乐曲声起，12名男女模特在监狱一间大厅内展示了由犯人设计的款式新颖的服装。这是上海市监狱为了丰富监区文化生活，提高犯人的生活情趣，于9月15日举办的首次时装赛，由犯人担任模特儿，展示了70多名犯人设计制作的100余套时装。 《同一首歌》在中央电视台第十一届亚运会开幕式之前首次播出，并在春节联欢晚会上向全国推出，其优美的童声伴唱加上毛阿敏等歌手的演绎，很快便传唱开来。歌曲以诗一般的语言、抒情的旋律和优美的合唱，表达了胜利、欢乐、团结、友谊的美好主题。 文汇报9月27日讯（记者徐国英）我国第一部比较完整的染色工具书——《中国纺织品CTCC色卡》，最近在上海市出版发行。 文汇报北京10月3日电令人瞩目的亚运会拳击比赛，今晚决出了12个级别的金牌，中国选手白崇光在81公斤级比赛中，击败了伊朗选手夺得金牌，实现了我国拳坛在国际比赛中“零的突破”。 人民日报10月8日讯（记者张宗江）今年，山东荣成市第一制鞋厂引进世界一流三色注塑机生产线，生产出我国首批三色鞋。这种鞋样式新颖，鞋底自成图案，穿着格外柔软、舒适。投产后，产品已销往德国、法国、马来西亚、台湾、香港等10多个国家和地区。最近，在亚运购物中心展出时，立刻成为抢手货，深受北京市民喜爱，每天销售300多双。 北京晚报10月8日讯继1987年肯德基在北京前门设立了中国第一家分店后，国人从此便知道了什么是快餐。今天上午，内地第一家麦当劳餐厅在深圳市解放路光华楼西华宫扎寨后正式开业。 人民日报10月11日讯（记者胡燕红）江苏省食品公司盐城肉联厂首次推出航空软罐系列食品，受到消费者的欢迎。该食品携带食用方便，在常温下可保存2年。有玉兰肚丝、红烧牛肉、咖喱鸡丁、茄汁肉片、节节香等20多个品种，拆袋后即可食用。 文汇报10月18日讯话剧《天边，有一簇圣火》昨晚在上海武警会堂演出，该剧表现了在大西戈壁滩边防哨所的7位普通共和国军人独特的命运，令1000多名观众为之落泪。它超越了军事题材，走向了中国现实生活，为如何创作主旋律的话剧提供了有益的经验。 新华社北京10月18日讯徜徉在北京街头会看到一些年轻姑娘们都梳起了第十一届亚运会礼仪小姐的发式，显得格外美观，光彩照人。这种发式名为“月牙式”。 文汇报天津10月31日专电我国首次有了用智能手爪进行操作的机器人。它能看、能听、有触觉、能够出色的完成有毒、危险作业，今天在通过鉴定时演示了良好的功能，专家们认为天津的这一科研成果达到国际上80年代水平，在国内处于领先地位。 新华社10月31日讯两位新加坡华侨最近在一次展销会上为购买一幅工艺新颖的“五猫图”挂毯而争执不下。最后，由生产厂家又制作了一幅，才解决了这场“争端”。由山东纺织学院提供技术、烟台地毯材料有限公司生产的这种新型工艺挂毯自去年五月投放市场以来，颇受中外客户欢迎。 文汇报11月4日讯身着墨绿色长礼服，以纯熟的技巧，在台上演奏《梁祝》这个凄怨的爱情故事的上海著名音乐学院副教授、著名小提琴家俞丽使2100位观众的情绪随着动人旋律而起伏，有人不禁流下了感动的泪水。这是10月19日俞丽在台湾的演出场面。台湾省报是这样描绘俞丽的演出“俞丽拿《梁祝》征服了台北，谢幕六次，观众疯狂，欲罢不能”。这也表明了海峡两岸同胞对祖国的民族文化信息是相同的，情感是一样的。 人民日报11月10日讯（记者郑洪亮）河北省邯郸市峰峰矿区市区交电大楼不仅对售出商品实行保退、保修、保换和试用、试看、试听、试骑，今年还实行了“周转机”制度。凡该店售出的电风扇、电视机等家用电器出现故障，商店在进行保修时，拿出完好的机器作为“周转机”，免费提供给顾客使用，直到有故障的电器修好为止。 人民日报11月14日讯我国第一个生产计算机的国营北京有线电厂在国内首家推出超级中英文彩色图形控制卡——DVGA卡。日前，数百位专家和用户代表在该厂举行的展示会上，高度评价CVGA卡全面覆盖了以往各计算机生产厂研制生产的各种图形卡的功能，把微机图形处理功能提高到国际先进水平，填补了国内的空白。CVGA辨率高、功能多、兼容性强，适用于任何以汉字、图形为操作系统的计算机。它能显示256种以上的颜色。 人民日报11月19日讯“七五”期间我国城市燃气事业发展迅速。目前全国已有250多个城市建有燃气设施，用气户数超过1300万。据了解，我国最早发展燃气的城市是上海，1865年就建立了全国第一家煤气公司。使用燃气人口最多的城市是北京，目前已达到480多万人。市区燃气普及率最高的是天津，90%的用户使用燃气做饭。 人民日报11月20日讯（记者小夏）包头拖拉机厂生产的北飞牌505A型农用三轮运输车，最近在全国整顿性行业检查中名列前茅，主要项次合格率100%。这种新型农用三轮车，跑得快、耗油少、噪声小、易操作，是农村、城镇个体专业户跑短途运输的理想交通工具，自问世以来备受欢迎。 文汇报12月21日讯中国广告协会第二次会员代表大会（华东片）昨天在沪结束。近几年来，由于企业营销观念和消费者的消费观念的变化，促使我国广告事业持续高速发展。据统计，1989年我国广告经营单位已有1.1142万家，广告营业额达20亿。广告发展如此迅猛，是因为广告在促进生产，方便人民生活，促进国内外贸易方面，发挥着越来越大的作用。 人民日报11月27日讯（记者晓皮）中日合资北京密日友谊家具公司生产的构件家具受到消费者欢迎。这种家具其基本单位简化为板件，30多种板件可以拼装出成千上万种家具样式。消费者可以根据房屋条件、个人爱好，随意拼装。该公司还采用电脑为顾客设计选样。 人民日报11月28日讯（记者章高）森宝牌植物型系列化妆新产品——18种天然植物型美容、护肤、护发类产品日前在河北通过省级鉴定。这些化妆品采用科学的配方、先进的工艺，提取植物中有益成分精制而成，一经投放市场便受到用户的欢迎，并引起了外商的瞩目。 人民日报12月3日讯（记者许林）一种世界上最小、最轻的135照相机最近在武汉问世。这种由中德合资长江—巴尔达照相器材制造有限公司生产的程序AE袖珍照相机，采用80年代的现代设计，带前盖的折叠式镜头，可以放在衬衣口袋里。 人民日报12月4日讯由河北省沧州地区对外经贸总公司与香港燕山发展有限公司合资的河北沧燕装饰材料有限公司生产的PVC彩色塑料地板砖受到消费者欢迎。该产品花纹清晰华丽、不褪色、不需打蜡，表面保持光亮、平滑。它适用于各种室内建筑物，目前尚有几十种图案供用户选用（标准规格为305×305×1.2mm），该公司成立后不到一年时间，已销售这种地板砖120万片。 武汉市老年大学汉阳县分校学员钱立坤，今年已102岁了。他生于1887年，70年代初在汉阳县农业局退休。1988年武汉市老年大学招生，钱立坤便写申请要求上老年大学。他说：“人老了，思想不能掉队，总有有点寄托和追求才有意思。不学习、不上进，不是等着阎王招手吗？”这样钱立坤便进了老年大学。 新华社12月26日讯11月26日，经国务院授权，由中国人民银行批准建立的上海证券交易所正式成立，这是我国建国以来第一家证券交易所。今天，交易所举行开业典礼，上海市市长朱镕基出席了开业典礼仪式，上海证券交易所理事长李祥瑞授权总经理尉文渊在交易大厅敲响正式开市的第一锤。 文汇报北京12月29日讯首都部分评论家和来自全国各地戏曲界人士昨天在观看了上海京剧院青年演员演出的神话剧《白蛇传》后，欣喜地说：“没想到，'娃娃军'技艺如此全面。如果全国有这一大批青年人才，那么振兴繁荣京剧就更有希望了”。 1990年12月31日采集 注：1964年文盲半文盲人口系12岁及以上不识字或识字很少的人，1982、1990年文盲半文盲人口系15岁及以上不识字或很少识字的人。资料来源：摘自第二、三、四次全国人口普查资料。 以重庆电视台的《凌汤圆》为发端，方言电视剧在一定区域内开始火爆起来。四川电视台的率先以普通话和四川方言两个版本在不同的地域播出，这种尝试，在极大的程度上争取了观众。而以《傻儿师长》、《傻儿将军》、《在其香居茶馆》、《山城棒棒军》、《淘金记》为代表的优秀方言剧，不仅得到一定区域内观众的喜爱，而且在全国范围内受到欢迎。这种种类电视剧，反映了中国地域文化的多样性，表现了当地人民的性格和精神特质，传达了一种用常规语言无法表现的神韵，树立了当地的文化形象。方言剧以其独树一帜的风格开始充斥在荧屏。