Chapter 3 Chapter Two 1979

1979 was the first year that China entered a new period of historical development in an all-round way after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held at the end of last year.On January 1 of the new year, Defense Minister Xu Qianqian issued a statement to stop the shelling of islands such as Kinmen and other islands, marking the end of the mainland's 20-year shelling of Kinmen.On the same day, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress issued the "Message to Compatriots in Taiwan", pointing out that the reunification of the motherland is an unavoidable task before every Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, and suggested that air and mail should be established between Taiwan and the mainland of the motherland as soon as possible.

Seeking truth from facts and restoring the true colors of history is an obvious feature of national politics this year. On January 11, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made the "Decision on the Issue of Removal of Landlords and Rich Peasants and the Issue of the Status of the Children of Landlords and Rich Peasants". After being reviewed by the masses and approved by the county revolutionary committee, they will all be removed from their hats and given the treatment of members of the rural people's communes. On February 26, the People's Daily published an article entitled "A Great Struggle to Defend the Party's Principles," exposing the so-called "February Countercurrent" of the restoration of capitalism in the spring of 1967, which was concocted by Lin Biao's "Gang of Four" to persecute the older generation of proletarians. A major political event for class revolutionaries, and a shining example of heroic defense of the principles of Marxism and the leadership and traditions of the party by the older generation of revolutionaries. In March, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved the complete rehabilitation of the so-called "Ulanhu Anti-Party Group" and the three major injustice cases, a complete rehabilitation of a group of injustices, falsehoods, and mistakes, and the redress of Ma Yinchu and "New Population Theory".

In January of this year, 18 farmers from the Xiaogang Production Team of Liyuan Commune in Fengyang County, Anhui Province risked a great deal to "secretly" contract collective farmland to households and set up a large contract. In June, the Anhui Provincial Party Committee The first secretary, Wan Li, listened to the report on the big contract in Fengyang, and immediately expressed his support. Since then, the Chinese countryside has begun a profound revolution.In July of this year, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council officially approved the implementation of special policies and flexible measures in foreign economic activities in Guangdong and Fujian provinces, and decided to set aside some areas in Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou, and Xiamen to test special economic zones. ; At the same time, the "Sino-Foreign Equity Joint Venture Law" was officially promulgated and implemented.Before that, in March, Chen Yun delivered a speech on planning and market issues, arguing that the economy in the entire socialist period must have two parts, one is the planned economy part, and the other is the market regulation part.These have had a profound influence and effect on China's forthcoming economic reform and development.

From February 17th to March 16th of this year, the Chinese border guards launched self-defense counterattacks against Vietnam on the borders of Guangxi and Yunnan, defending China's territorial integrity. On January 29 of this year, Chinese Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping arrived in the United States for a goodwill visit.This is the first visit to the United States by a major Chinese leader, which has aroused great attention in the world and played a positive role in promoting the development of Sino-US relations. On January 4, the People's Daily published a special commentator's article "A Complete and Accurate Understanding of the Party's Policy on Intellectuals."After analyzing the changes in the status of my country's intellectuals in the past 30 years since liberation, the article points out: "The policy of unity, education, and transformation that our party put forward in the early days of liberation, with bourgeois and petty bourgeois intellectuals as the main target, now affects For the vast majority of intellectuals, it is no longer applicable. They are no longer the objects of unity, education, and transformation in the early days of liberation, but the working class engaged in intellectual work, and they are the party's relying force."

Xinhua News Agency, Nanjing, January 6th The first academic seminar on Chinese atheism was held in Nanjing.The meeting decided to establish the China Atheism Society, edit and publish the collection of atheism papers. The convening of this meeting will play a major role in further breaking down superstition, emancipating the mind, striving to learn and master modern technology, and accelerating the realization of the four modernization services. Xinhua News Agency reported on January 9 that the Ministry of Finance recently decided to further reduce the tax burden on rural communes and teams starting this year, and stipulated the implementation measures.The implementation method stipulates that starting from this year, the starting point for the collection of industrial and commercial income tax for rural communes and brigades will be raised from the original 600 yuan to 3,000 yuan, and those below the threshold will be exempted from tax, and the tax rate will still be levied at a rate of 20%.If the newly established communes and teams have difficulties in paying taxes in the early stage, except for the production of high-tax products such as tobacco, alcohol, and cotton, the original regulations can be exempted from industrial and commercial tax and income tax for 1 to 2 years. Now it is stipulated that they can be exempted for 2 to 3 years.Social enterprises in border counties and ethnic autonomous regions are exempt from industrial and commercial income tax for 5 years.

The People's Daily reported on January 11 that the State Council recently approved the Ministry of Education's report on the restoration and establishment of regular colleges and universities, and decided to restore and add 169 regular colleges and universities across the country.This batch of colleges and universities was determined in accordance with the requirements of realizing the general task of the new period, and in accordance with the principles of strengthening weak links and weak areas, gradually improving the school layout, and giving full play to the enthusiasm of the central and local governments.Among the 169 institutions of higher learning that were restored and added this time, 16 were restored and 153 were newly established, with the emphasis on science and engineering colleges.Divided by subjects, there are 46 engineering colleges, 13 agriculture and forestry colleges, 77 normal colleges, 18 medical colleges, 10 financial colleges, 3 sports colleges, and 2 art colleges.

Xinhua News Agency reported on January 26 that the first batch of visiting scholars from China to study in the United States left Beijing tonight by plane for the United States.There are 50 visitors in this batch to study in the United States, including 6 female scholars.The youngest is 32 years old, the oldest is 49 years old, and the average is 41 years old.They went to the United States to study science, engineering, agriculture and medicine for about two years. Xinhua News Agency, February 1st: The State Council has decided to increase the purchase prices of 18 major agricultural and sideline products, including grain, oilseeds, and cotton, starting this month, with an average increase of 24.8%.Among them, the general purchase price of grain has increased by 20% since the launch of summer grain, and the over-purchased part has increased by 50% on this basis; cotton has increased by 15% on average; oilseeds have increased by 25% on average; live pigs have increased by 26% on average; Products, etc. also increase the purchase price appropriately.This measure mobilized the enthusiasm of farmers to develop production and actively sell agricultural and sideline products, and enriched and activated the urban and rural markets.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, Feb. 3 (Xinhua) -- The Central People's Broadcasting Station broadcast a batch of Taiwanese songs and instrumental music performed by Taiwanese actors on Jan. 28 and Feb. 1.The Taiwanese songs and instrumental music broadcast this time are selected from records donated by overseas Taiwanese compatriots in recent years.Among them are the nursery rhymes "A Bird" and "Dark Sky" sung by Taiwanese singer Hu Meihong, the creative song "Country Song" sung by Fang Rui'e, "Rainy Night Flower" sung by Tu Xiuying, teachers and students of Taiwan Xu Shi Music Research Institute The folk song "Niu Li Song" sung, the instrumental piece "Thinking Up" played by Taiwan Xinge Orchestra, and the instrumental piece "Malan Folk Song" selected from the Taiwanese film "Lishan Song and Dance" and adapted from two Taiwan Gaoshan folk songs " and "Ami Dance".These songs and instrumental music express the joy and pain of Taiwan compatriots, with a strong local flavor.Taiwanese actors sing these songs in the southern Hokkien dialect, which has a unique style.

Xinhua News Agency, February 13th. In my country, the Spring Festival has begun to undergo new changes, and the human touch has gradually become stronger. There are also Spring Festival couplets such as "Celebrate the Spring Festival with joy, and welcome the Long March in good health."For ordinary people, traditional words such as "Happy New Year" are the most spoken words when greeting each other during New Year's Eve in the past.Now the discourse of the times has gradually become more relaxed, and the Spring Festival couplets have gradually changed from the original rhetoric to have a human touch and life color, and the common people have more parents' short greetings in New Year's greetings.

Wen Wei Po, February 18th, "China Youth Daily" quietly published an article in the 36th issue of "Youth Movement Situation" on January 7th - ""Return" is a good novel, the author Zhang Yang should be rehabilitated and released After the news of "Get Out of Prison", another article was posted in the most prominent position on the front page today: "The handwritten copy of "The Second Handshake" is a good book."news.The first draft of this book was written in 1963, and it was successively named "Spray", "Xiangshan Ye Zhenghong", "Return", and "The Second Handshake". It narrates a beautiful love story. the main reason.At the same time, the novel praises the intellectuals' positive pursuit of life for the country and the people, which is the spirit of its times.The novel also portrays the image of Premier Zhou, which is the first time in literary works after the founding of New China.The book was also published by China Youth Publishing House in July, with a circulation of 4.3 million copies, which means a thaw in a literary era.

Xinhua News Agency, February 22. At the beginning of 1979, a large number of educated youths in our country began to return to cities, which caused a sharp increase in urban employment pressure. A large number of educated youths were unable to arrange jobs, so the term "unemployed" came into being. The urban unemployment rate was 5.4. %.The state couldn't arrange it all at once, so there was a slogan of "opening up the door, and employment through the three doors (state, collective, and individual)". So far, this non-state-owned economy has begun to develop rapidly in our country. Anhui Daily, March 5th (Reporter Cheng Jiakai) Hotels and hotels run by rural communes and townships in various parts of Anhui Province have sprung up in Jianghuai land like bamboo shoots after rain.Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party until mid-February, in just three months, hundreds of such hotels and hotels have been established, and they are still developing rapidly.This not only makes up for the shortage of state-owned and cooperative commercial outlets, but also increases the income of the collective, allowing more redundant labor to find a way out. On March 15, "People's Daily" published a letter from readers, opposing the production contract-to-group production responsibility system that is being tried out in rural areas, and believed that the team-based system at all three levels should be stable; and pointed out in the "Editor's Note": "Team-based" goes back, and divides the fields into groups; contracts production to groups, and insists on correcting the places that have appeared.As a result, people in areas that are experimenting with group-to-group and household-to-household production contracting have been fluctuated and strongly opposed. On March 3, the "People's Daily" published another signed article "Correctly Viewing the Responsibility System Linked to Production", criticizing the view of the reader letter on March 15; at the same time, it admitted in the "Editor's Note": The formulation is somewhat inaccurate, and attention should be paid to corrections in the future, and different opinions can continue to be discussed. Wen Wei Po, March 19th: On January 28th, Shanghai TV broadcasted the first TV commercial in China - "Shengui Tonic Wine"; on March 15th, CCTV's first broadcast of foreign commercials "Citizen - Star Watch" . Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, March 26. In fashion magazines and silk samples in France, West Germany, the United States, Switzerland and other countries, Shanghai printed silk patterns have been selected for many times in recent years.There is a kind of silk printed silk with the murals of the Han and Tang Dynasties as the theme, which is especially appreciated by foreign merchants: the patterns of people, pavilions, mountains and rivers, and clouds on the silk surface flicker in a colorful pattern, which not only has Chinese The atmosphere of ancient murals is also similar to the abstract and implicit "flower school" style popular in the world.Last year, the export volume of Shanghai's silk products set a record high. From January to February this year, it increased by more than 1/4 compared with the same period last year, and the exchange for foreign exchange increased by 49.5% compared with the same period last year.After the mass production of silk printed silk entered the high-end markets in Europe, America and Japan, customers demanded more designs and colors, smaller batches and faster delivery.The employees of the silk factories in Shanghai put the interests of the country first, vigorously innovated, transformed, tapped potentials, improved management, and made production meet the needs of all aspects. Xinhua News Agency reported on April 1 that a 200 million-year-old paleontological fossil "coal core" was discovered in the Wangjiazhai coal mine in Guizhou Province.This kind of "coal core" was discovered for the first time in our country, and it provided new information for plant research and the search for coal mines. In 1979, Yin Shengxi, head of the supply and marketing group of the Dashilan Sub-district Office in Beijing, led 20 unemployed youths to set up a tea stand at Qianmen with a loan of 1,000 yuan and sell large bowls of tea for "two cents".After eight springs and autumns, they became the "Beijing Big Bowl Tea Trading Group Company".The company has established its own branches in Beijing, Shenzhen and Hainan.The big bowl of tea for two cents has almost become synonymous with reform and opening up and hard work. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 11 (Reporter Gong Jinglong, Huang Runbin, Tian Xicen, and Xu Ruiping) Starting from March 20, Beijing will open a number of activities in Beixinqiao, Dong40tiaoxikou, Dongsi, Dengshidongkou, Dongdan, Chongwenmen, Flower Market, At 9 intersections including Suanshikou and Hongqiao, the "automatic traffic director" signal lights were used to direct traffic for the first time.Automatic traffic command is to adjust the ratio of the time for the "red, yellow and green" three-color signal lights to be turned on, and then the director will automatically change the color of the lights at regular intervals to direct traffic.Implementing this automatic command greatly shortens the time for parking at intersections and waiting for green lights. Anhui Daily, April 15th (Reporter Shi Hejun) Anhui Wuhu Photo Industry has changed the monotonous and rigid phenomenon of taking pictures for customers in the past period, and designed a batch of artistic photos, such as generous, Chinese, small, albino, black, etc. All kinds of life photos are synthesized into images, etc. The photos are novel, beautiful, realistic and generous, healthy, and vividly reflect people's cheerful mental outlook. People's Daily reported on April 23 that Heilongjiang Province had uncovered a serious corruption syndicate case.From November 1971 to June 1978, this corruption group embezzled more than 500,000 yuan in total.The first offender, Wang Shouxin, was originally a cashier at the Bin County Fuel Company. During the "Cultural Revolution", she speculated and employed various despicable methods. Branch secretary and manager.She used her position to embezzle wantonly, embezzle a large amount of national wealth, and take advantage of the unhealthy trends in the party to seek protection. One of the means is to treat guests and give gifts.According to incomplete statistics, the recipients of her "gift" involved more than 200 people from more than 90 units in provinces, prefectures, counties, and troops.The Intermediate People's Court of Songhuajiang District tried the case according to law from October 18 to 20 and sentenced Wang Shouxin to death.After approval by the Supreme People's Court, he was executed in Harbin on February 28, 1980. Xinhua News Agency reported on April 28 that Gao Tianshe, a worker at the Shiliyu Reservoir in Chang'an County, Shaanxi Province, lost his hands due to a work-related injury four years ago.Recently, the orthopedic surgeon at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital successfully rebuilt his right hand, which grew well and felt normal.This kind of hand defect replantation is the first time in our country. Anhui Daily, Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 9th (Reporter Zhang Xingchen and Zhou Jinhuan) Since 1979, the number of various agricultural and sideline foods on the market in rural areas of my country has increased significantly. The phenomenon of market depression has obviously changed for the better.This is the social climate that has emerged since the smashing of the "Gang of Four", especially after the Third Plenary Session of the Party's Eleventh Central Committee, criticizing Lin Biao and the ultra-left line of the "Gang of Four", and implementing the Party's various economic policies in the countryside. Xinhua News Agency, Changsha, May 19. Some middle and primary schools in Hunan Province have taken the lead in actively carrying out audio-visual teaching in recent years, and achieved good results.The audio-visual teaching in Yuanjiang, Leiyang, Changde and other counties is relatively good.The county party committees and education departments in these places attach great importance to this work, and some leading cadres go to the front line of teaching to find and solve problems in time.The Bureau of Culture and Education of Yuanjiang County has always regarded the development of audio-visual teaching as an important measure to improve the quality of education. Now, 32 of the county's 58 middle schools above the district level have carried out slide teaching.More than 230 middle and primary schools in Changde County have carried out audio-visual education. Xinhua News Agency reported on May 22 that 18 farmers in the Xiaogang production team of Liyuan Commune in Fengyang County, Anhui Province will collectively contract households, creating a large contract.After the neighboring villages learned about it, they also imitated it. In June, Wan Li, the first secretary of the Anhui Provincial Party Committee, went to Fengyang to listen to the report on the big contract, and immediately expressed his support.The feat of 18 farmers in the Xiaogang team of Fengyang County took the lead in sounding the drumbeat of my country's rural reform, and was later affirmed by the central government and promoted to the whole country, which made my country's rural areas begin a profound reform. Jiangxi Daily, May 28, Nanchang News (Reporter Sheng Jinxin) The orthopedic medical staff of Nanchang Hongdu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital recently successfully performed a vascularized free bone transplantation operation for a child with congenital tibial pseudarthrosis, which is the first time in my country.It shows that my country's medicine has taken a gratifying step in the field of microscopy. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 1st: This year, urban and rural areas across the country have seen a gratifying scene of people scrambling to buy semiconductor radios. From January to April, the national sales of semiconductor radios increased by 34.9% compared with last year.Semiconductor radios have changed from a long-term backlog to a best-seller, which reflects that the living standards of the broad masses of the people have improved, they are more and more concerned about major domestic and foreign affairs, they need the enjoyment of culture and art, and they are highly motivated to learn scientific knowledge and foreign languages. Xinhua News Agency, June 5, 6 departments including the State Economic Commission and the Ministry of Finance selected 8 enterprises including the Capital Iron and Steel Company, Tianjin Bicycle Factory, and Shanghai Diesel Engine Factory in Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai to carry out pilot projects to expand their autonomy.The main content of the reform is: change the enterprise fund system to a profit retention system; enterprises have some powers in product production, sales, trial production, use of funds, personnel arrangements, employee rewards and punishments, etc., establish a system of employee congresses, and expand democratic management of employees power etc. On June 6, the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China submitted the "Report on Making Use of Guangdong's Superior Conditions, Expanding Foreign Trade, and Accelerating Economic Development" to the central government. On the 9th, the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Provincial Revolutionary Committee submitted the "Report on the Utilization of Overseas Chinese Capital and Foreign Capital to Develop Foreign Trade and Accelerate Fujian's Socialist Construction" to the central government.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council, on the basis of careful investigation and research, approved and forwarded the two reports of the Guangdong Provincial Committee and the Fujian Provincial Committee on the implementation of special policies and flexible measures for foreign economic activities.This made Guangdong and Fujian provinces take the lead in taking practical steps to open up to the outside world. This year, a conference on the quality and varieties of textile products was held nationwide, and 113 kinds of textiles in the national textile industry were rated as famous brand products.The Ministry of Textile Industry issued certificates to these famous brand products.Some well-known old brands still maintained their original characteristics and officially won the title of famous brand.Among them are: Shanghai Fenghe brand poplin, which is competing to be selected by printing and dyeing factories; Changzhou Lotus Lantern Dance brand corduroy with soft suede and bright color; Beijing Xuelian brand cashmere sweater with less pilling and smooth hand feeling; Liaoning Pagoda brand sewing thread; light and soft Shanghai Parrot brand rabbit fur coat; smooth and smooth Suzhou Caisang brand silk taffeta and so on. Xinhua News Agency, July 11th: The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council officially approved the implementation of special policies and flexible measures in foreign economic activities in Guangdong and Fujian provinces, and decided to set aside some areas in Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou, and Xiamen to pilot "export Special Economic Zone” and later renamed as “Special Economic Zone”.Deng Xiaoping's extraordinary idea made Shenzhen, a small fishing village in southern my country, the first to become my country's first special economic zone. Xinhua News Agency, Hangzhou, August 5th. Recently, the Zhejiang Branch of the People's Bank of China decided to open loans to collectively owned enterprises in towns and streets.All units that are licensed by the administrative department of industry and commerce, have a certain amount of self-raised funds, and implement independent accounting can open accounts in banks, and directly handle cash deposits and withdrawals and loan settlements in banks.In addition, it was also decided that collectively-owned industrial enterprises run by towns and sub-districts, whose products are marketable, of good quality, and profitable, can be granted production loans by the bank in addition to the increase in production, except for the centralized arrival of raw materials or temporary capital turnover difficulties. When there is a shortage of funds for machinery and equipment, loans for small equipment can also be granted.The Zhejiang branch also changed its previous practice of not granting loans to production cooperation groups, labor service organizations, and street service undertakings. Xinhua News Agency, Hangzhou, August 18th. my country's first electronic delivery monitor has recently been successfully developed and has been put into small batch production.The manufacture of the electronic delivery monitor is a great news for the majority of puerpera and medical staff in obstetrics and gynecology in my country.Using this instrument, you can accurately grasp the dynamic changes of the fetus in the mother's womb, understand the relationship between the number of fetal heartbeats and the contraction of the mother's uterus, and provide reliable basis for medical personnel to correctly diagnose and treat. People's Daily, August 28th: ​​The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Education, the State Planning Commission, and the Ministry of Civil Affairs jointly issued a notice on February 22: Conduct a nationwide census of foreign language personnel.By the end of August, the census work was all over.The results of the census: Over the past 30 years since the founding of the People's Republic of my country, there are 189,943 foreign language cadres in our country, and 33,300 people who use foreign languages ​​that they don't learn, a total of 223,273 people. People's Daily, September 14th After smashing the "Gang of Four", all things are left to be done, but our society can no longer hold back.In the movie "Sweet Career", there is a slow motion of men chasing women, which makes the hearts of the people who have been desolate for a long time very happy.And the episode "Our Life Is Full of Sunshine" is cheerful, bright and appealing. Because Shuzhen sang it, it is more affectionate and touching, expressing the Chinese people's yearning for a better tomorrow. With the broadcast of the film, the song has also been well received. People in our country warmly sought after, and was selected by UNESCO as Asian music teaching materials. Xinhua News Agency, September 15th to 30th The Fourth National Games will be held in Beijing.More than 10,000 athletes from 31 sports delegations from various provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions and the People's Liberation Army including Taiwan participated in the largest sports meeting since the founding of the People's Republic of China.A total of 34 events were held in the conference, 5 people broke 5 world records 5 times; 3 people tied 3 world records 3 times; 12 people broke 8 Asian records 24 times; 204 people and 34 teams broke 376 times 102 national records were set. Beijing Evening News, September 17th, in 1835 AD, a man named Yang Quanren came to Beijing to do business from Ji County.At the beginning, he set up a stall on the street to sell chickens and ducks. In 1864 (the third year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty), Yang Quanren opened a "Quanjude" restaurant by using the roast duck technology from the imperial palace.After the founding of New China, the "Quanjude" roast duck restaurant outside Qianmen was renamed Beijing Roast Duck Restaurant during the "Cultural Revolution".This year, the Hepingmen Beijing Roast Duck Restaurant and the Qianmen and Wangfujing branches all resumed their original name: "Quanjude" Roast Duck Restaurant. "Our 1970s" (China Friendship Publishing Company, 2006 edition, edited by Kuang Chen) contains "If I'm Real", which was based on an incident in Shanghai in the summer of 1979 by Sha Yexin and others. The drama created by the case.The play uses irony to criticize the idea of ​​privilege.After the performance, it aroused strong repercussions in the society, and attracted the attention of the literary and art circles and relevant parties. Some appreciated it, some opposed it, and some advocated revision, which resulted in a long-term debate.Around the time of the Fourth National Cultural Conference, the debate reached its climax.The debate mainly focused on the subject matter and the handling of the relationship between the real art and the real life, the artistic treatment of plot structure and image creation, and whether to have sympathy for liars and other issues. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 20th. In 1979, the enrollment work of colleges and universities across the country has basically ended.More than 270,000 new students were admitted to more than 600 institutions of higher learning across the country, including more than 60,000 new students admitted to key institutions of higher learning and military academies.The freshmen admitted by key colleges and universities have entered the school successively in mid-September.The college entrance examination reflects the significant improvement in the quality of secondary education in our country. Xinhua News Agency reported on October 2 that the first large-scale comprehensive dictionary revised after the founding of New China - "Ci Hai" 1979 edition (three volumes), was officially published.The work of revising and publishing Ci Hai was suggested by Mao Zedong in September 1957. Xinhua News Agency reported on October 2 that according to statistics from the National Bureau of Statistics, since the founding of the People's Republic of China 30 years ago, an average of 21 industrial enterprises have been added every day.There are now 350,000 industrial enterprises owned by the whole people and collectively owned, nearly twice the number of 120,000 in 1949. Wen Wei Po, October 17th, as the only entertainment magazine in my country with color, "Popular Cinema" published a still photo of a kiss from the British film "The Crystal Slipper and the Rose" on the back cover of its fifth issue.A reader angrily wrote a letter to the editorial department to protest: "In socialist China, is kissing and hugging the most important thing at present?" This question resonated with many people.In less than two months from August 28 to October 15, the editorial department received more than 11,200 letters and letters. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 26. So far, more than 1,200 industrial enterprises across the country have begun to try out the system of expanding corporate autonomy and profit retention.These pilot enterprises are distributed in 21 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions.Their profits account for about 30% of the total industrial profits in these areas, and have an important impact on the entire fiscal revenue of the country.According to calculations, the profits of these pilot enterprises this year will increase by 1.05 billion yuan compared with last year, of which 250 million yuan will be allocated to the enterprises.It can be seen from this that the implementation of the new system can achieve more revenue from the state, as well as more revenue from enterprises and individuals. "Our 1970s" (China Friendship Publishing Company, 2006 edition, edited by Kuang Chen) contains the films "Dawn", "The Story of Ba Ge", "Heart Like an Arrow", "From Slave to General", "Little Flower" released in 1979. ","what!The Cradle, Aolei Yilan, A Suffering Heart, Tears, Spring Rain, Vibrato of Life, Distressed Laughter, Sweet Career, Look at This Family More than a dozen films, including "The Son", are very popular with the masses, and most of them have won the Excellent Film Award of the Ministry of Culture and the Hundred Flowers Award.Among them, the appearance of "Little Flower" is a bit out of nowhere. The exploration from content to form and the awareness of "rebellion" refreshed audiences who were accustomed to watching traditional feature films at that time.The song "Sister Beats Brother Tears" touched the hearts of tens of millions of viewers, and the wave of innovation represented by "Little Flower" has fundamentally changed the creative landscape of new Chinese films.In this era of gradually opening up the country and looking at the world, audiences flocked to movie theaters, rekindling their enthusiasm for movies. People's Daily, November 1st, Shanghai has recently successfully developed a microcomputer and started small-scale production.Since last year, Shanghai Radio 14 Factory, with the assistance of Anhui Radio Factory and the 207th Institute of the Fifth Ministry of Machinery Industry, has successively manufactured microprocessors and large-scale integrated circuits. Then they used four types of large-scale integrated circuits and microprocessors Constituted my country's first microcomputer for industrial automation production.The microcomputer produced in Shanghai has the characteristics of small size, wide application range and low cost.Its length and width are 40 centimeters, and its height is 20 centimeters, equivalent to half the size of an ordinary radio, and its cost is only 1/10 of that of a small electronic computer.In addition to being used in industrial automation production, it can also be used in communication, medical treatment, power supply network and warehouse management. Xinhua News Agency, November 6th Shanghai Radio No. 7 Factory recently successfully trial-produced a set of ECL ultra-high-speed integrated circuit series.It is an important component in the manufacture of electronic computers with more than 20 million calculations per second. It has been proved to have good technical performance by 18 scientific research and industrial units in Shanghai and other places. Xinhua News Agency, November 12. Three ordinary cows on a farm in the western suburbs of Beijing recently gave birth to four fine-bred calves. This is the result of non-surgical fertilized egg transplantation.It is the first case in my country, and it is also a new technology of livestock breeding and breeding in the world. People's Daily, November 16th, on the Zhengxiangbaiqi Grassland in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, my country's first solar electric fence was built and put into use, with an area of ​​6,300 mu.The use of nearly half a year has proved that this method of electric fences to build grass pastures has the advantages of low cost, long life, energy saving, long control distance, safety for humans and animals, and easy use and maintenance. Wen Wei Po, November 22, starting with Liu Xinwu's "Class Teacher" in November 1977, after several years of development, some more targeted works appeared in 1979, such as the movie script "Bitter Love", "In the Archives of Society", "The Female Thief", the play "If I Was Real", the novella and "Movement", etc.Thousands of people who have read "Scar Literature" have seen the absurdity of the "Cultural Revolution" and the destruction of human nature in these words and videos, and they are also healing their own spiritual wounds while reading.Scar literature expresses the negation of the "Cultural Revolution" and the exposure and criticism of related practical issues with a clear standpoint. This kind of sincere and profound realistic emotion has been echoed by the masses. Wen Wei Po, December 1st, 1979. In 1979, a group of three from Tianjin Song and Dance Theater went to Dezhou, Yunnan Province to collect folk songs. Mr. Ni Weide, a lyricist and poet, saw young men and women of the Dai nationality in piles in the bamboo forest under the bright moonlight in Bazi, Mangshi. Qingqing me, love songs whispering, the sound of gourd silk, and the tip of the bamboo swaying gently in the evening wind...So the poetry flourished and wrote the lyrics of "Phoenix Bamboo in the Moonlight". The artistic conception is sublimated, and then the famous composer Shi Guangnan composes the music.Since then, the song has been sung all over China and spread to every corner of the world. People's Daily, Dec. 3 News Shanghai has recently successfully trial-produced my country's first color video recorder, which has filled a gap in my country's audio-visual technology field.This LX-20 color video recorder produced by Shanghai Recording Equipment Factory has the characteristics of small size, light weight, and can be used for mobile use.Black and white, color dual-use, you can record the image and sound on the TV receiver at any time, or match the video camera to record the live performance of the theater and reproduce it on the TV screen. Xinhua News Agency, Lanzhou, December 5 (Reporter Wang Zuoyan) The "night market" in Lanzhou City, which had been interrupted for nine years, reopened.At night, Jiuquan Road in the city center is brightly lit, and more than 10 restaurants are full of customers.Tens of thousands of people go to the "night market" every day. All kinds of snacks fill the whole street, and it is lively every day. The masses like to enjoy their food at the "night market" after a tiring day. They Reflecting the long-awaited reopening of the "night market", life is also colorful. The broadcast has aroused great repercussions in my country Wen Wei Po, December 9th This year, the storytelling played by Liu Lanfang caused a sensation all over the country.There have been more than 100 radio stations broadcasting in the country, and more than 1 million copies of storytelling have been published after compilation and publication, which has caused great repercussions in this field in our country. People's Daily, December 17th, the two trains under the jurisdiction of the Xi'an Railway Bureau, which run between Xi'an and Beijing, 135-136 and 179-180, began to use 9 items of equipment such as electronic and electrical equipment, so that the trains can be used in service facilities. Another big step forward in modernization. Worker's Daily, December 17th: Recently, the Shanghai Taxi Company installed domestic vehicle-mounted radio walkie-talkies on some passenger cars, which greatly improved the utilization rate of the vehicles and were welcomed by drivers, dispatchers and passengers.After installing the walkie-talkie, the driver can talk to the dispatcher directly at any time, which reduces the mileage of empty driving and saves fuel. Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 18. In order to learn foreign advanced science and technology and accelerate the cultivation of talents for socialist modernization, my country sent more than 480 overseas students to 28 countries around the world through various channels last year.This is the year with the largest number of Chinese students studying abroad in the past ten years.This year, it plans to send a large number of overseas students to more countries.The 28 countries my country sent to study abroad last year were: Belgium, Bangladesh, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, France, Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, India, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Laos, Malta, Mexico , New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Switzerland, Syria, United Kingdom, United States, Yugoslavia. "Our 1970s" (China Friendship Publishing Company, 2006 edition, edited by Kuang Chen) Goodbye!Mom, the bugle has sounded, the steel gun has been polished, the luggage has been packed, and the troops are about to set off.Don't cry quietly, don't worry about your son.When I return triumphantly from the battlefield, I will visit my dear mother again.When I returned from the battlefield triumphantly, I came to visit my happy mother again.Ah, ah, I wiped away tears for my mother... In 1979, during the counterattack against self-defense, Li Shuangjiang went to Guangxi and Yunnan to perform condolences, and the song "Goodbye, Mom" ​​aroused the hearts of hundreds of millions of soldiers and civilians, and became a household name throughout the country. , age songs that can be sung by both young and old.This military song, written by Chen Kezheng and composed by Zhang Naicheng, caused a sensation all over the country after it was repeatedly broadcast on radio and television stations. Xinhua News Agency, November 22, my country's first automatic telephone device used in cars was successfully developed in Shanghai.This set of mobile communication equipment installed in the car has the characteristics of small size, convenient use and clear sound quality.When the car is driving within a radius of 25 kilometers from the city's main communication station, the people in the car can communicate with various units in the city as long as they press the number on the phone.This automatic telephone device can be used by the staff of departments such as large-scale industrial and mining enterprises, oil fields, public security, medical rescue, tourism, and seaports to contact and use on the way of driving, and can also be used to communicate with all parts of the country and internationally through long-distance telephone exchanges. "Our 1979" (China Friendship Publishing Company, 2006 edition, edited by Kuang Chen) records that in 1979, after my country's reform and opening up, the filming of "Overseas Babies", the first film reflecting the patriotic feelings of returned overseas Chinese, was completed. With the broadcast of this musical film, "I Love You, China" sung by Ye Peiying quickly spread throughout China.Ye Peiying, as an overseas child who returned from Malaysia, poured her sincerity and love for the motherland into her affectionate singing, which touched the hearts of every Chinese. Worker's Daily, December 24th: Following the broadcast of the Beijing TV documentary "Legend of the Three Gorges", the film's theme song "Hometown Love" has been loved by the audience, especially young people, and has aroused people's sympathy.This is a lyrical song that expresses lovesickness and parting sorrow in the face of the beautiful mountain scenery. It sings a lingering and melodious feeling deep in people's hearts. Xinhua News Agency reported on December 30 that 1979 was the year since the founding of the People's Republic of China.全国职工住宅建筑的竣工面积达6256万平方米，比1978年增长近50%，相当于建国30年来新建住宅总和的1/10。大约有400多万人搬进新居。 《我们的1970年代》（中国友谊出版公司2006年版，旷晨编著）载今年影片《小花》上映后在海内外受到观众的热烈欢迎。不但获得了国内本年度优秀影片奖、青年优秀创作奖（陈冲、刘晓庆、唐国强）；而且还获得南斯拉夫第九届“为自由而斗争”电影节最佳女演员奖（陈冲）。《小花》的出现无论如何都有点横空出世的味道，从内容到形式的探索与“叛逆”意识使得当时看惯了传统故事片的观众耳目一新。以小花等为标志的创新浪潮从根本上改变了我国电影创业面貌。在这个逐渐打开国门、放眼世界的时代，使得观众涌进电影院，重新燃起了对电影的热情。该片一曲《妹妹找哥泪花流》同样也是牵动着亿万观众的心。 1979年度，据国家统计局统计资料，全年国内生产总值（按当年价格计算，下同）为4038.2亿元，按可比价格计算（下同），比上年增长7.6%。全国职工年平均工资6.68元，指数（以1978年为100，下同）为106.6。由于未能采取有效措施遏制1978年国民经济新冒进带来的不良后果，造成国家财政出现135.41亿元的赤字。