Chapter 18 8. The stone tiger is violent

The "Eight Princes Rebellion" ended at the beginning of this century, the situation was out of control, and the "Era of Great Split (304-589)" came. The "Great Split Era" is divided into two periods, the early period is the "Five Husbands and the Nineteen Kingdoms Period (304-439)", and the later period is the "Northern and Southern Dynasties Period (439-589)".This century (the fourth century) is the century of the Five Hu and Nineteen Kingdoms. The chiefs of the Xiongnu, Xianbei, Jie, Di, and Qiang nationalities, as well as the heroes of the Han nationality, rose up against the chaotic tyranny caused by the "Eight Kings Rebellion".The two emperors of the Jin Dynasty were captured alive and killed by them.The Jin Dynasty had no choice but to retreat to the south of the Huaihe River, moved its capital to Jiankang (Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province), and became a regional local government (known as the Eastern Jin Dynasty in history).The whole of China was caught in a large-scale and fierce civil war that had never been seen in history. Human lives were not as good as pigs and dogs, which made people cry.

1. In spring, on Gengchen day of the first lunar month (the first lunar month is called Wuzishuo, there is no Gengchen), more than 500 civil and military officials including Taibao (the third of the Shangsangong) Kui'an of the Later Zhao Empire (capital Yecheng) asked for regent in the Jinluan Palace Shihu, the king of heaven, was renamed the title of the emperor. At this moment, an accident happened to the luxurious and magnificent "double iron plate" that was placed high in the sky. Candle fat flowed from the upper plate and poured into the lower plate, scalding more than 20 people to death.Shi Hu was disappointed, and cut it into the public section (the Chenggong section is responsible for the double iron plate, refer to December last year).

On February 25, Shi Hu (forty-three years old this year) changed his name to Tianwang (the third Emperor Wu) in accordance with the Zhou Dynasty system, and officially ascended the throne in the southern suburbs of Yecheng, the capital, with an amnesty.The queen, Zheng Cherry, became the queen of the king, and the prince, Shi Sui, the crown prince; the other sons who were named princes were all reduced to county-level dukes; those who were named princes by the royal family were all reduced to county-level marquises; Award. 2. The education director of the Jin Empire (Jiankang, the capital) Yuan Yu (Guozi Jijiu) and the director of sacrifices (Taichang) Feng Huai thought that Jiangzuo (that is, the Taihu Lake Basin in the south of Jiangdong·Jiangsu Province) was gradually stable, and requested to build a school. Emperor Sima Yan (seventeen years old this year) approved.

On the fourth day of the first lunar month (the original text was mistakenly placed in February, according to the "Book of Jin Chengdi Ji"), the National University (Taixue) was established, teachers were recruited, and students were recruited.However, high-level intellectuals are all intoxicated by "Laozi" and theories, and the classics of the Confucian system have never been revitalized.Yuan Huan is the great-grandson of Yuan Huan (Yuan Huan, refer to November 196). 3. In March, Murong Hao, Duke of Liaodong (capital Jicheng) granted by the Jin Empire, built a good city (now the present site) in the east of Yilian City (the left-wing Mongolian Autonomous County of Karaqin, Liaoning Province) of the Duanjia Tribe (capital Lingzhi) Unknown), ordered General Zhechong Lan Bo to stay behind and put pressure on Yiliancheng.

In summer, in April, Duan Liao, the chief of the Duan family tribe, used a convoy of thousands of vehicles to transport grain and fodder to Yilian City. Lang Bo attacked and snatched them all. In June, Duan Liao sent his cousin Yangwei General Duan Quyun to lead elite cavalry to attack Xingguo City (now unknown) guarded by Murong Hao's son Murong Zun by night. Murong Zun defeated Duan Quyun. In the beginning, Yangyu, a native of Beiping County (Zunhua City, Hebei Province), served Duan Ji Lu Juan until he served Duan Liao. ), are respected and respected.Duan Liao had constant conflicts with Murong Hao, and they fought endlessly. Yang Yu said to Duan Liaojin: "People who are close to benevolent people and live in harmony with their neighbors are the treasures of the country. Besides, the Murong family and us have been related by marriage for generations. A nephew. And Murong Hao has both talent and virtue. We have become enemies with him. There has not been a month without war. The strength of the people has been exhausted, and the gains cannot make up for the losses. I am afraid that the disaster of the country will start from here. I hope that both sides They can all review their own mistakes, restore the former reconciliation, and use it to stabilize the country and recuperate the people." Duan Liao refused to listen, and released Yang Yuwai as the governor (prime minister) of Beiping County.

4. Shi Sui, the crown prince of the Later Zhao Empire, is famous for his bravery and combat skills.His father, Shi Hu, loved him very much. He often said to civil and military officials: "The father and son brothers of the Sima family (the royal family of the Jin Dynasty) killed each other, which made me get where I am today. Like me, how could I kill Ah Tie (Shi Hu)? His milk name)?" But soon, Shi Xi was arrogant, arrogant, licentious and cruel; one of his favorite things was to teach beauties to dress up, then behead them, wash off the blood, put the heads on the plate, and pass them on to the guests. ; Finally cut up her body and cooked and ate the flesh from her body.Hejian Gong Shixuan and Le'an Gong Shi Tao (the two are Shi Sui's younger brothers) are also favored by Shi Hu. Shi Sui hates these two younger brothers to the bone and regards them as enemies.Shihu drank and played with beautiful women all day long, neglected political affairs, and was moody.Shi Hu once ordered Shi Xi to adjudicate the State Council (Shangshu), and when Shi Xi reported to him, Shi Hu was furious, saying, "Why do you report such a trivial matter?" Sometimes he was furious if he didn't report it, saying, "Why don't you report it! "Insulting and whipping happened two or three times a month.Shi Sui secretly told his advisor (zhongshu son) Li Yan and others: "The official family (emperor) is really difficult to serve, I plan to do what Suo Modun (the second Chanyu of the Huns Khanate) did Mao Dun killed his father to stand on his own feet, refer to May 201 BC), do you follow or not?" Li Yan and others were terrified, and fell on the ground (sitting on the ground in ancient times), not daring to say a word.

In autumn and July, Shi Sui claimed that he was ill and did not deal with official business, but he secretly led more than 500 civil and military officials from the crown prince to hold a banquet at Li Yan's villa and announced his action plan, saying: "I plan to go to Jizhou Xindu) punish the Duke of Hejian (Shi Xuan), and those who disobey the order will be punished." After setting off for several miles, everyone fled on horseback.Li Yan knelt down and kowtowed to dissuade Shi Sui from drunkenness, so he turned back.When Shi Sui's mother, Zheng Cherry, heard the news, she secretly sent an eunuch to scold him. Shi Sui was furious and had the eunuch executed.Fotucheng (refer to September of the previous year) once warned Shi Hu: "Your Majesty, you must not go to the East Palace (Emperor's Palace) often." When you get halfway, you can turn back.However, soon, he widened his eyes and yelled to himself: "I am the lord of the world, why don't father and son believe it!" Send the most trusted court female secretary (Nv Shangshu) to observe.Shi Xi summoned the female secretary to speak in front of him, drew out his sword, and hacked her to death.Shi Hu was furious, and arrested Li Yan and others for interrogation. Li Yan reported the truth, and Shi Hu beheaded Li Yan and more than 30 people.Imprisoned Shi Sui in the East Palace, but soon pardoned him, summoned Shi Sui in the East Hall of Taiwu Hall, Shi Sui only bowed to his father, did not mention a word of his fault, let alone a word of apology. Walk.Shi Hu sent someone to chase after him, reminding him: "The crown prince should pay homage to the queen (Shi Sui's mother-in-law Zheng Yingtao), how can he just leave!" Shi Sui ignored him and strode away.Shi Hu was so angry that he deposed Shi Sui and made him a commoner.That night, Shi Sui was killed, together with Shi Sui's main wife, Concubine Zhang, and twenty-six sons and daughters. They were executed at the same time and buried in a huge coffin.Then more than 200 officials and party members of the crown prince were killed; the queen Zheng Cherry was deposed as the princess of the East China Sea.Shi Hu made his second son, Shi Xuan, the king and crown prince, and Shi Xuan's mother, Zhaoyi Du Zhu, the king and queen.

5. Hou Ziguang, a native of Anding County (Southeast Shuguang Township, Zhenyuan County, Gansu Province) in the Later Zhao Empire, claimed to be the son of Buddha and claimed to come from the Great Qin Kingdom (Roman Empire) to be the king of the Little Qin Kingdom (China). Thousands of people in the tribe guarded Dunan Mountain (Zhongnan Mountain), called the Great Yellow Emperor, and changed the name to Longxing.Shi Guang, a general of the Later Zhao Empire, attacked and beheaded Hou Ziguang. 6. In September, Feng Yi, the general of Murong Hao, Duke of Liaodong, and Zuo Secretary-General of the General of the Zhenjun (Zuo Changshi of the Zhenjun. Murong Hao is the general of the Zhenjun), Feng Yi, etc., jointly persuaded Murong Hao to call himself Yan. Wang; Murong Hao accepted.Therefore, various government agencies were set up, and Feng Yi was appointed as the prime minister (National Prime Minister), Han Shou as the military and political officer (Sima), Pei Kai as the Minister of Sacrifice (Fengchang), Yang Yu as the commander of the Gyeonggi garrison (Sili), Yu was Minister of Communications (Tai Pu), Li Hong was Minister of Justice (Dali), Du Qun was Premier of the State Council (Na Yan Ling); Song Gai, Liu Mu, and Shi Cong were senior consultants (Chang Bo); Xie was an attendant of Sanqi (Runqi Changshi); Song Huang, Pingxi, and Zhang Hong were generals; Feng Yu was the chief record officer (recording room supervisor).Li Hong is the grandson of Li Zhen (Li Zhen, refer to December 309); Song Huang is the son of Song Shi (Song Shi, refer to April 313).

In winter, on October 14th, Murong Hao ascended the throne (a civilized emperor. Murong Hao is 41 years old this year), officially called the Kingdom of Yan, and amnesty. On Jiayin Day in November (November Guiweishuo, there is no Jiayin), he respected his father Murong Xun as King Wuxuan, and his mother, Ms. Duan, as Queen Wuxuan; made his wife, Ms. Xiaoduan, Queen, and his son Murong Jun (sound jun ) is the crown prince; everything is in accordance with the previous example when Cao Cao assisted the Eastern Han Dynasty and Sima Yi assisted the Cao Wei Empire (the fifth country appeared in the Nineteen Kingdoms of the Five Hus, and among the Nineteen Kingdoms of the Five Hus, there were as many as five of them with the country name "Yan") , had to add one word each, called "Front Yan", "Later Yan", "North Yan", "Western Yan" and "South Yan" as a distinction; ". This year, five countries coexist).

7. Duan Liao, the chief of the Duanjia Tribe (capital Lingzhi) continued to invade the border of the Zhao Empire (capital Yecheng).Murong Hao, the former king of Yan (the capital of Jicheng), sent General Yang Lie Song Hui to the Later Zhao Empire, expressing his willingness to serve as a vassal, and asked the Later Zhao government to send troops to attack Duan Liao. Murong Hao was willing to lead all the troops in the country to join forces with the Zhao Corps and sent his younger brother Ningyuan General Murong Khan to Yecheng as a hostage. Later Zhao Tianwang Shihu was very happy, and returned his condolences with generous gifts, but refused to accept the hostages and sent them back to Murong Khan.It was secretly agreed to launch an attack next year (338).

8. This year, Li Mu, the general of the Later Zhao Empire, took in Tuoba Yihuai, the fugitive generation king in Daning (Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province) (refer to December 335), most of Tuoba Yihuai's old tribe returned to him under the leadership.The current king, Tuoba Hena, could not support it, so he defected to the former Yan Kingdom. The people of Dai State respected the contemporary king of Tuoba Yihuai again, and built Shengle (Inner Mongolia and Linger County) as the capital (258, Tuoba Liwei moved to Shengle. In 313, Tuoba Yilu built Shengle City, which was called "Northern Capital". In 324, the capital was moved to Dongmugen Mountain, and in 327 to Daning. Back to Shengle). 9. "King Di" (capital Qiuchi) Yang Chu, Yang Yi's elder brother, attacked and killed Yang Yi, annexed all Yang Yi's tribes, called himself Lord Qiuchi, and later became a minister of the Zhao Empire. ("Chou Chi" has been found to be a strange local government in the era of great division since its appearance in the Internet. Because it is too weak, it has to constantly submit to its neighbors. But because the terrain is too dangerous and too remote, So it has always maintained its semi-independent or fully independent state.) 1. In the spring, the first month, the former King of Yan Kingdom (the capital city of Jicheng) Murong Hao (one civilized emperor) (forty-two years old this year) sent the commander (Captain) Zhao Pan to the Later Zhao Empire to agree on the date of joining forces. Shi Hu (44 years old), the Heavenly King (Third Emperor of Wu) of the Later Zhao Empire (capital Yecheng), will launch a devastating attack on Duan Liao, the chief of the Duan family tribe (capital Lingzhi), and recruit 30,000 brave men. All were appointed as Longteng Guard Officers (Longteng Zhonglang).Coincidentally, after Duan Liao sent his cousin Duan Quyun to attack Youzhou (north of Hebei Province), the governor of Youzhou (the state government is located in Jixian County) Li Meng retreated to Yijing (northwest of Xiongxian County, Hebei Province).Shi Hu then appointed Taobao as General Henghai, Wang Hua as General Crossing Liao, and led the navy to sail from Piaoyujin (should be in Huanghua City, Hebei Province); Zhixiong as General Longxiang, Yao Yizhong as General Champion, He led 70,000 infantry and cavalry mixed corps as forwards to attack Duan Liao. In March, Zhao Pan returned to Thorn City; the former Yan King Murong Hao immediately led his army to attack and plunder the cities north of Lingzhi, the capital of the Duan family tribe, and Duan Liao prepared to fight.Murong Han said: "Now, the Zhao army (later the Zhao Empire army) is in the south of us, and we should resist with all our strength; instead, we are fighting with Yan State (former Yan Kingdom). King Yan leads the army himself, and his subordinates are all elite. If we lose , What will we use to deal with the enemy in the south?" Duan Lan said angrily, "I was delayed by you once before (refer to February 334), which caused today's disaster, now, I will never jump into your trap again! "Lead all the troops who can fight, and send out in pursuit.Murong Hao set up an ambush and waited for Duan Lan to join him. He smashed Duan Lan's army, killed thousands of people, plundered more than 5,000 tents and tens of thousands of livestock, and returned in triumph. Later Zhao Tianwang Shihu entered Jintai (that is, Jintai, where Ji Ping respected Guo Wei, refer to 312 BC. Today, southeast of Yixian County, Hebei Province).Zhixiong drove straight in and recovered Ji County.The prefects of Yuyang County (Miyun County, Beijing), Shanggu County (Huailai County, Hebei Province), and Dai County (Yu County, Hebei Province) appointed by Duan Liao surrendered successively; Zhixiong captured more than 40 cities in a row.Yang Yu, the county magistrate (minister) of Beiping County (Zunhua City, Hebei Province), led thousands of troops and retreated to Yanshan (north of Yutian County, Hebei Province) to protect himself.The generals of the Later Zhao Empire were afraid that he would become a disaster in the future and planned to attack.Shi Hu said: "Yangyu is an intellectual who cherishes fame and integrity, but thinks that surrender is a shame, and he has no ability to fight back." Abandoning Yanshan, he arrived in Xuwu (the county where the Beiping county government is located).Due to the defeat of his younger brother Duan Lan, Duan Liao dared not fight. He led more than a thousand wives, family members, and noble families, abandoned the capital and fled to Miyun Mountain (8 kilometers south of Miyun County, Beijing, also known as Hengshan).Before leaving, he held Murong Han's arm and said in tears, "I didn't listen to you, and I defeated myself. Of course I should do this, but I made you lose your standing. I am deeply ashamed." Murong Han went north to Yuwen Tribe (upstream of Laoha River, Inner Mongolia). Duan Liao's left and right secretary generals (left and right long history), Liu Qun (son of Liu Kun), Lu Chen, Cui Yue, etc. closed the warehouse and asked for surrender (Liu Qun and others defected to the Duan family tribe, refer to April and May 318) .Shi Hu sent generals Guo Tai and Ma Qiu to lead 20,000 lightly equipped cavalry to pursue Duan Liao. When they arrived at Miyun Mountain, they captured Duan Liao's mother and wife, and killed 3,000 of them.Duan Liao fled to a more dangerous place alone to protect himself, and sent his son Duan Qi Tezhen to present a memorial and present a famous horse to the Hou Zhao Empire, Shi Hu accepted. Shihu lived in the palace of Lingzhi, and was granted a title or rewarded official according to the size of his merit.More than 20,000 households of the Duanjia tribe were relocated to Sizhou (southern Hebei Province), Yongzhou (central Shaanxi Province), Yanzhou (western Shandong Province), and Yuzhou (eastern Henan Province). All preferential treatment appointment.Yang Yu surrendered outside the gate of Daying. Shi Hu scolded him and said, "When you were a slave and robber, you ran far away, but now you come to me as a scholar-bureaucrat. Do you know the destiny? Or do you have no place anymore?" Can I escape?" Yang Yu said: "I used to serve Wang Jun, and I could not help him, so I fled to Duan's house (refer to March 314), but now I can't save it. Your Majesty's sky net is open high, covering All over the world, Youzhou, Jizhou (central part of Hebei Province) heroes, there is no one who does not look forward to the wind, and works side by side with me, and there is nothing to feel ashamed of. As for life or death, it is entirely up to your Majesty." Shihu was very happy, and appointed Yang Yu was the sheriff of Beiping County. 2. In summer, on April 3rd, the Jin Empire (capital Jiankang) appointed Murong Hao, who had proclaimed himself the king of Yan, as the general of the Peking University, the plenipotentiary governor (mu) of Youzhou, and the governor of Pingzhou (Liaoning Province). 3. Li Qi (26 years old), the emperor of the Chenghan Empire (capital Chengdu) was proud and tyrannical, and became more and more unreasonable day by day. Many people were killed, and their property and women were confiscated. Many officials lost their sense of security.Li Shou, the king of Han, has always been of high status and prestige.Both Li Qi and Jianning King Li Yue were jealous.Li Shou was afraid that he would not be able to escape death, so every time he went to the capital Chengdu for an audience, he always taught his subordinates to lie about the enemy's invasion. Li Shou excused himself from the urgent situation on the frontier and returned north (Li Shou was stationed in Fucheng). At first, the father and uncle of Gong Zhuang, a hermit in Brazil County (Langzhong City, Sichuan Province), were all killed by Li Te (the father of Li Xiong, the former Emperor Wu).Gong Zhuang planned to take revenge, so he did not take off his mourning clothes for many years.Li Shou offered a lot of money several times, but Gong Zhuang refused to accept it.Now, Gong Zhuang thought the time was ripe, so he went to see Li Shou, and Li Shou secretly asked him how to save his life. If Your Majesty raises an army to attack Chengdu, as a vassal of the Jin Kingdom, who would not be the first to serve as a vanguard for His Majesty? In this way, blessings will be passed on to his descendants, and his fame will be immortalized forever. It will not only save him from today's catastrophe." Li Shou agreed.Secretly planned to attack Chengdu with Secretary-General (Chang Shi) Luo Heng from Lueyang County (east of Tianshui County, Gansu Province), and Xie Siming from Brazil County. Emperor Li Qi also heard the news a little bit, and sent Xu Fu, a eunuch (zhongchang attendant) several times, to Li Shou's camp to observe the movement; he also poisoned Li Shou's adopted brother, General Anbei General Li You.Li Shou forged a letter from his brother-in-law, saying that the emperor was about to arrest Li Shou.Li Shou's followers believed that Li Shou led more than 10,000 infantry and cavalry from Fucheng to attack Chengdu.Promise to the people: as long as they enter Chengdu, they will rob all the property of the government and the people in the city at will; appoint the general Li Yi as the vanguard.Li Qi never thought that Li Shou would actually do something, so he was never on guard.Li Shi, the eldest son of Li Shou, served as the commander of the Yi Army (the captain of the Yi Army), and opened the gates of the city to welcome the rebels into the city.Li Shou then completely occupied Chengdu and stationed troops at the gate of the palace.Li Qi sent a senior consultant (servant) to comfort Li Shou.Li Shou wrote to accuse Jianning King Li Yue, Premier of the State Council (Shangshu Ling) Jing Qian, State Council executives (Shangshu) Tian Bao and Yao Hua, eunuch Xu Fu serving in the bedroom, General Li Xia and General Li Xi of Zhengxi, etc., of treachery and evil , Disturbing the government order; therefore, all were arrested and killed.Li Shou ordered the army to loot, and it took several days before normal order was restored.Li Shou pretended to pass on the imperial decree of the Queen Mother, dismissed Li Qi as Qiongdu County Duke, and imprisoned him in another palace.Posthumously named the second emperor Li Ban as Emperor Ai (Li Ban was killed, refer to October 334). Luo Heng, Xie Siming, Li Yi, etc. all suggested that Li Shou claim to be the general of Zhenxi, the governor of Yizhou, and the king of Chengdu, and surrender to the Jin Empire, and send Li Qi to Jiankang as a vassal.However, Cai Xing, a military and political officer (Sima), and Li Yan, a senior consultant, suggested that Li Shou should inherit the throne and continue to proclaim himself emperor.Li Shengshou made a fortune-telling decision, and the fortune-telling master said: "You can be the emperor for a few years." Ren Tiao said happily: "It is enough to be the emperor for one day, let alone a few years!" Xie Siming said: "The emperor for a few years is better than a hundred generations. How is the monarch?" Li Shou said: "'It doesn't matter if you hear the truth in the morning and die at night. ), renamed the Han Empire, amnesty, and changed the name to Hanxing (the first year of Yuheng before, and the first year of Hanxing later).Use the car to be fully loaded with gold, silver and silk, and go to meet Gong Zhuang as the grand master (one of the upper three masters).Gong Zhuang vowed not to be an official anymore, and he would not accept any gifts from Li Shou. Li Shou (39 years old this year) rebuilt the royal sacrificial temple. Potential for the crown prince.The original royal sacrificial temple was renamed Dacheng Temple (Li Mu gave birth to Li Te and Li Xiang, Li Te gave birth to Li Xiong, Li Xiang gave birth to Li Shou. Li Xiong and Li Shou were cousins ​​of the same grandfather).Many changes have been made to the original system of the empire.Appoint Dong Jiao as Prime Minister, Luo Heng as Prime Minister of the State Council (Shangshu Ling), Xie Siming as County Governor of Guanghan County (Guanghan City, Sichuan Province), Tiaodang as General of Zhenbei, Governor of Liangzhou (the state government is located in Jinshou), Li Yi as Xiyi Security Commander (Xiyi School Lieutenant), and his cousin Li Quan is the governor of Ningzhou (the state government is located in Dianchi).The three princes, ministers, governors, and county chiefs were all taken over by Li Shou's former officials; the old ministries and close relatives of Li Xiong's era, as well as the "six counties refugees" in exile (the old brothers Li Te and Li Xiang who led them into Yizhou) were all taken over by Li Shou. estranged. Li Qi, the Duke of Qiongdu County, sighed and said: "I am the lord of the world, but today I am the Duke of a small county. It is better to die." In May, Li Qi hanged himself (26 years old).Li Shou gave him the posthumous title You Gong, and he was buried with the prince's etiquette. 4. Shi Hu, the Heavenly King of Later Zhao, believed that Murong Hao, the former King of Yan, did not join forces with the later Zhao Bingtuan, but took military action against Duan Liao in advance, only caring about robbing the population and property, and enjoying the results alone; he should be punished, so he prepared to attack Murong Hao .Zhao Lan, director of the Observatory (Taishi Ling), dissuaded him and said: "The astrology in the sky shows that this year's constellation happens to guard the area of ​​the ancient Yan Kingdom. We must not succeed when we go out." Chunmu, where it has lived for a long time, and its country is rich in virtue, and the five grains are half-prosperous, so it cannot be cut.” I don’t understand.) Shi Hu was furious and whipped Zhao Lan. When Murong Hao got the news, he mobilized his guard; he revoked the six ministers, and also revoked the State Council (Na Yan), the senior consultant officer (Chang Bo), and the Sanqi attendant officer (Runqi Changshiguan).The army of the Later Zhao Empire, with hundreds of thousands of people, marched northward all over the mountains and plains, and the officials and people of the former Yan Kingdom were greatly shocked.Murong Hao said to Gao Xu, the county magistrate (internal historian) of Yan State (Beijing), "What should we do?" No matter how powerful the corps is, it is useless." Shi Hu sent envoys to various parts of the former Yan Kingdom to call on people of all ethnic groups to surrender, which was very effective. Cui Tao, the governor of Chengzhou County (Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province), and Jujiu (southeast of Liaoyang City, Liaoning Province) county magistrate You Hong, Wuyuan (the county where Chengzhou County Government is located) County Magistrate Chang Ba, Dongyi Security Commander (Dongyi Xiaowei) Feng Hua, Military Director (Guardian) Song Huang, etc., all raised their troops to respond; Obtained thirty-six cities.You Hong is You Sui's nephew (You Sui, refer to April 313).Exiles from Jiyang County (west of Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province) killed Song Zhu, the governor of the county, and surrendered to the Zhao Empire.Song Zhu is Song Huang's cousin.The governor of Yingqiu County (Linghai City, Liaoning Province) Xianyu Qu also sent people to the Later Zhao Empire to submit a letter of surrender; the county magistrate of Wuning (the county where the government of Yingqiu County is located), and Guangping County (northeast of Quzhou County, Hebei Province) Sun Xing called on the officials and the people to revolt, announced the crime of Xian Yuqu, arrested and killed him, and then closed the city gates tightly.Sun Yong, the magistrate of North Korea (where the county government of Lelang County is located) and a native of Changli County (Yixian, Liaoning Province), led his troops to resist the Hou Zhao Corps. The local wealthy Wang Qing and others conspired to respond to Hou Zhao. Sun Yong arrested Wang Qing and beheaded him; Hundreds of people from Wang Qing's party were terrified and asked for punishment. Sun Yong was released and let them join the city defense and guard together.Ju Peng, the governor of Lelang County (Overseas Chinese County · Yixian County, Liaoning Province), because all the cities in the territory rebelled, selected more than 200 strong men from the hometown and fled to the capital Jicheng (Ju Peng led more than 1,000 families from the village to Murongxin , ref. December 319). On May 9th, the army of the Later Zhao Empire approached Jicheng, the capital of the former Yan Kingdom. Mu Yugen, the official (under the account), dissuaded him and said: "Zhao State (later Zhao Empire) is strong, and we are weak. You only need to take one foot, and their great achievements will be completed. Once we organize our people again, where will we be?" At that time, when the army was strong and the food was sufficient, there was no one to resist. I think Zhao Guo just hoped that the king would give up the capital and flee. Why did he jump into their trap? Now, we can increase our strength a hundredfold by defending this fortified city, even if they We can still support the crazy rush. Then, pay close attention to the situation, observe the changes, seize the opportunity, and then attack to win. There is nothing to be done, and it is not too late to go. Why run away and do stupid things that must die! Only then did Murong Hao give up the idea of ​​fleeing.However, fear still showed on his face.Liu Pei, head of Xuantu County (Shenyang City, Liaoning Province) and a native of Hejian County (Xianxian County, Hebei Province), said: "The powerful bandits (Later Zhao Corps) are just outside the city, and the hearts of the army and the people are extremely terrifying. People are at a loss. Whether the overall situation is safe or dangerous, it all depends on the king alone. Even today, the king can no longer shirk his responsibility. He should be respectful and self-improving, inspire the fighting spirit of the soldiers, and not show weakness. The matter is extremely critical, I request Going out of the city to make an attack, even if it can't create miracles, but it can make people's hearts calm." So hundreds of cavalry death squads were selected to go out of the city to make a surprise attack, and they were invincible.Murong Hao asked Feng Yi for advice, and Feng Yi replied: "The ferocity of the stone tiger is too much. The gods in the sky and the people on the earth hate it together. Disasters and defeats can happen at any time. Now, take time off his country and send all the troops far away, The situation of attacking and defending is completely different. Although the troops are strong, they cannot cause harm. After a long period of time, there must be internal problems. The only thing we have to do is to defend closely and wait for the opportunity." Murong Hao thought. It is stable.Someone also persuaded Murong Hao to surrender. Murong Hao said: "I am about to seize the world, why surrender?" Hou Zhao's besieging army launched a fierce attack, climbing up the city like ants from all directions. Mu Yugen and other generals fought day and night and supported them for more than ten days, but Hou Zhao's besieging army could not conquer it.On May 13, the Hou Zhao army retreated.Murong Hao sent his son Murong Ke to pursue him with 2,000 cavalry, but the Hou Zhao army failed and killed and captured more than 30,000 people.Only the guerrilla general Ran Min's army remained intact.Ran Min's father, Shi Zhan, was born in Neihuang (west of Neihuang County, Henan Province). In September), Ran Zhan was captured and ordered Shi Hu to adopt him as his adopted son and change his surname to Shi.Shi Zhan gave birth to Ran Min (Ran Min). Ran Min was brave and good at fighting, but also good at using strategies. Shi Hu loved him very much and treated him like his own grandson. (Hu Sansheng's original note: "Shi Le raises Shi Hu and kills his heirs. Shi Le raises Run Min, not only kills his heirs, but also kills the whole nation. This is the way of heaven.") Shi Hu returned to Yecheng, the capital, and appointed Liu Qun as the chief legislator of the Legislative Yuan (Zhongshu Ling) and Lu Chen as the chief legislator of the Legislative Yuan (Zhongshu Shilang).Pu Hong, the chief of the Di ethnic tribe, was awarded the "Envoy Festival" (a first-level power, which can kill officials below the county chief), the commander-in-chief of the Liuyi military region (the governor of the Liuyi military), the champion general, and the title of Xiping County for his military exploits. male.Ran Min reminded Shi Hu: "Pu Hong is mentally strong, and he has been loyal to his subordinates. His sons have talents beyond ordinary people, and they have a powerful army of 50,000 people in their hands. The defense line is close to the capital , refer to October 333. Fangtou is 65 kilometers away from the capital Yecheng by air). It should be eradicated secretly to stabilize the country." Shi Hu said: "I am going to rely on their father and son to capture Wu ( Jin Empire), Shu (Chenghan Empire), how can you kill him!" Treat Pu Hong more generously. The former king of Yan, Murong Hao, sent troops to attack the rebellious cities and conquered them one by one.Tuo Bian Tuo went to Fancheng (south of Pingquan County, Hebei Province), and the rebel generals Cui Tao and Chang Ba defected to Yecheng, the capital of the Later Zhao Empire; Feng Hua, Song Huang, and You Hong defected to the Koguryo Kingdom (capital Maru).Murong Hao rewarded Ju Peng, Mu Yugen, etc., and severely punished the traitors, killing many.Liu Xiang, the personnel officer (gongcao), appealed for them, and most of them survived. When the Later Zhao Empire attacked Thorn City, Li Pu, the younger brother of Li Hong, the right army official (You Sima) of the former Yan Kingdom, believed that Thorn City must fall, and advised Li Hong to flee to avoid disaster.Li Hong said: "The way of heaven is deep and dark, and it is difficult to detect. Personnel and events are fickle, and it is not easy to predict. Moreover, if you are appointed by the state, you should not act rashly and ask for regrets." Li Pu insisted, and Li Hong said: "If you think your Judging everything is safe, you escape by yourself. I have received the great kindness of the Murong family, and I cannot leave in a righteous way. I can only die here." Farewell to Li Pu with tears.After Li Pusui surrendered to the Zhao Empire, the Zhao Corps retreated and died in the chaos that occurred later.And Li Hong won a good reputation for his loyalty. Shihu, the Heavenly King of the Later Zhao Empire, sent General Cao Fu across Liao Dynasty to lead troops from Qingzhou (northern Shandong Province) to the island (I don’t know what kind of island it is), and transported three million dendrobium of rice grains for supply.Another three hundred transport ships were dispatched to transport 300,000 hu of rice grains to the Koguryo Kingdom. Wang Dian, the head of the farming area (Dian Nong Zhonglang General) was sent to lead more than 10,000 people to cultivate wasteland along the coast; he also ordered Qingzhou The state government (set up in Guanggu) built a thousand ships and prepared to attack the former Yan Kingdom. 5. Shi Xuan, the crown prince of the Later Zhao Empire, led 20,000 infantry and cavalry to attack the Humotou tribe of the Xianbei ethnic group in Shuofang (Hetao area of ​​the Yellow River). massacre). 6. Serious locust plagues occurred in the eight counties of Jizhou in the Later Zhao Empire. The commander of the Gyeonggi garrison (Sili) asked the county magistrate to be punished. The king of heaven Shihu said: "This is the reason for my lack of leadership, but I intend to shift the responsibility to The county magistrate, is it the original intention of the ancient emperor to blame himself! The commander of the general garrison of Gyeonggi usually does not have honest words to correct my mistakes, but he tried to use this opportunity to frame innocent people. Revoke his civil service qualifications and titles, and use them as civilians As an official (still as the commander of the Gyeonggi garrison)." Shi Hu sent Xiangcheng Gongshi Shegui and Shangyong Gongshi Rigui to garrison Chang'an (Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province).The two accused Zhenxi General Shi Guang of being lenient and kind to the people and plotting to rebel.Shi Hu summoned Shi Guang, and when Shi Guang arrived in Yecheng, the capital, he beheaded him. 7. On May 16th, the Jin Empire promoted Prime Minister (Situ) Wang Dao to be the Taifu (the second of the upper third), and the commander-in-chief of all military regions in the country (supervising Chinese and foreign military forces), and Xi Jian to be the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces ( Taiwei), and Yu Liang as the chief inspector (Sikong). In June, Wang Dao was promoted to prime minister again, and the prime minister's mansion (Situ's mansion) was revoked and merged into the prime minister's mansion. Dao Wang has a generous temperament. Most of the trusted generals Zhao Yin and Jia Ning did not abide by the laws of the country, and senior government officials were deeply worried.Yu Liang, the chief inspector, wrote to Xi Jian, the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, saying: "Since the lord (Sima Yan) was eight or nine years old, he lived among the palace ladies and eunuchs when he entered the palace, and only saw military officers and some small people when he went out of the palace. When he was studying, no one taught him how to speak or how to make sentences; when governing the country, he did not meet a gentleman with knowledge and ability. Yingzheng (the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty) planned to make his people ignorant, and everyone in the world thought it was impossible. What's more, someone intends to make his king ignorant? Now, the emperor is getting older and should return the power. However, someone not only refuses to return the power, but uses the position of the newly appointed Tutor to raise a large number of rogues. Your Excellency and The two of us have been entrusted with important tasks at the same time, facing the great treachery and evil that cannot be wiped out, what face will we have when we see the late emperor (Eighth Emperor Sima Shao) in the ground?" He planned to join forces with Xi Jian to depose Wang Dao; Xi Jian did not agree.Nanman Security Commander (Nanman Captain) Tao Cheng said that it was Tao Kan's son (Tao Kan, refer to June 334), who leaked Yu Liang's conspiracy to Wang Dao.Someone persuaded Wang Dao to prepare in secret. Wang Dao said: "Yu Liang and I have the same interests, and the same misfortunes and blessings. Unfounded gossip will be heard by wise people and will not spread it. Even if what you said happens, Yu Liang will come. , just let him come, I can just change into civilian clothes and go back to my private house, what is there to be afraid of?" He also wrote to Tao Cheng (the Nanman Security Command set up Jiangling), asking: "Yugong is the emperor (Sima Yan) )’s uncle, you should serve him well.” Sun Sheng, the military councilor of the Zhengxi General’s Mansion (who joined the army in Zhengxi), secretly said to Yu Liang: “Director Wang has always wanted to resign from his official position and retire from the world, so how could he be willing to do the world’s dirty deeds? This must be a treacherous villain, sowing discord." Yu Liang decided not to act anymore.Sun Sheng is the grandson of Sun Chu (Sun Chu, refer to May 290).At this time, although Yu Liang was in other places (moved from Jiangling to Wuchang at that time), he controlled the central government remotely.Not only guarding the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, but also holding a powerful army, most of the tail-waving sycophants go for refuge.Director Wang felt wronged in his heart. Once, a gust of west wind blew up dust. Director Wang covered his face with a fan and said slowly, "Yu Liang's dust pollutes people." Bo Yang said: Wang Dao is one of the most successful official tycoons in history. In the selfish desire to seize his own interests, he insisted on using the method of subjugation to govern the country.What he pursued was only superficial stability, and he turned a blind eye to the festering of the internal organs, because he was the main culprit that caused the festering of the internal organs.He opposed reform, and used the Confucian fear of reform to treat everything with peace. Because Yu Liang was too young and had too few things to do, he got into the catastrophe of Su Jun's backlash, which prevented his judgment and ability from being respected, so he couldn't set off a coup against the king.When people are used to the peaceful political operation, they can't find the first cause of the country's weakness, so they have always respected Director Wang.If Yu Liang's plan is implemented, Wang Dao will be expelled from the government early, and the Jin Empire may be revived, and the suffering of the people may be reduced.Unfortunately, Yu Liang is not the right candidate. Wang Dao appointed Li from Jiangxia County (Yunmeng County, Hubei Province) as the secretary of the prime minister's mansion (Prime Minister's Office). Li Chong wrote "Study Proverbs" because the customs at that time advocated vanity and vanity.I think: Lao Tzu said: "Abandon benevolence and righteousness, and the people can restore filial piety and love." Could it be that filial piety and love can only be produced after benevolence and righteousness are extinct?Just because there are too few people who practice benevolence and righteousness, but there are too many people who do bad things under the name of benevolence and righteousness, the sage certainly blames this situation.Ordinary people only see the appearance, and it is difficult to see the essence. The more urgent the pursuit of appearance and image, the farther away from the real truth.That's why I published "Proverbs for Studying" to lift the blindness.主要论点是：“我们忧虑虚名扩张，也忧虑真理废弃。应该尊敬的真理，反而受到贬损；应该贬损的虚名，反而受到尊敬。没有仁爱，万物不能成长；没有正义，人就没有羞耻之心。所以，仁义绝对不可以弃绝，应弃绝的是那些伤害仁义的事物。” 8、成汉帝国西夷保安司令（西夷校尉）李奕的堂兄、广汉郡（四川省广汉市）郡长李乾，打小报告检举说：有高级官员阴谋罢黜皇帝，另立新君。 秋季，七月，成汉帝（四任昭文帝）李寿（本年三十九岁）命皇子李广跟当权官员在金銮宝殿上发誓结盟。调任李乾当汉嘉郡（四川省名山县北）郡长，任命李闳当荆州（四川省东南部）州长，镇守巴郡（重庆市）。李闳，是李恭的儿子（李恭，是李攀的老弟；参考三〇一年十月）。 八月，成汉帝国大雨，久久不停，人民饥馑，瘟疫流行。成汉帝李寿命文武百官直言指摘政治上的过错。隐士龚壮呈递“亲启密奏”说：“陛下起兵的时候，上指星辰，明确地告知天地；并跟大家用血涂唇，共同盟誓：革命成功后，即归降晋国（晋帝国），作为藩属。天心喜悦，人心鼓舞，大功终于告成。可是参与善后的人士，对此事不够了解，认为应该暂时执行皇帝职权。而今，连绵大雨，一百余天，饥馑和瘟疫同时交集，可能就是上天借此提醒陛下。我愚昧地认为，应该遵守从前的盟誓，尊奉建康，晋国一定不会爱惜高官贵爵和重要的位置，回报你所建立的盖世大功。虽然在阶层上降低一等（不能再称皇帝），然而，子子孙孙传递下去，福分永保无穷，岂不更好！或许有人说，梁州（四川省东北部及陕西省南部）、益州（四川省中部）人民在归附晋国后，虽然得到荣耀，可是，六郡人士却会受到损失（李特率秦州六郡难民逃荒，建立成汉帝国，这些人现在都封王封侯，成为成汉帝国统治阶层）。要知道，从前公孙述（成家帝国一任帝）在巴蜀时，外地人当权（荆邯、王元、田戎、延岑，都非本土）。刘备（蜀汉帝国一任帝）在巴蜀时，楚王国故土上的人当权（庞统、黄忠、董和、刘巴、马良、马谡、吕乂、廖立、李严、杨仪、魏延、蒋琬、费祎、董允，也都非本土）。等到吴汉、邓艾西上讨伐（参考三六年、二六三年），全体屠灭，刀枪之下，还分什么原居留民或作客羁旅？议论的人不追求平安稳固的基础，只苟且贪恋目前的名分和官位。认为刘家（蜀汉帝国）亡后，郡长县长岂不照样保留州郡政府原职？殊不知道，那是发生在国家覆亡、君王变更之后，怎能跟今天大义起事，主人荣耀、臣民显达相比？议论的人抨击我，说我会成为法正（法正建议刘璋投降，参考二一四年闰五月），我蒙陛下大恩，准许我退休田野，至于荣华富贵、金钱俸禄，不管它们来自汉国（成汉帝国）或来自晋国，我都不接受，我为什么要学法正？”李寿看到后，心中惭愧，秘密收藏，不对外宣布。 9、九月，成汉帝国国务院执行长（仆射）任颜谋反，被杀。任颜，是一任帝（武帝）李雄正妻任太后的老弟。皇帝李寿遂乘机把李雄所有的儿子全部屠灭。 10、冬季，十月，晋帝国宫廷禁卫官司令（光禄勋）颜含因年老退休。当时中央政府正在议论一件事，有人主张：王导，是皇帝（司马衍）的师傅，名高位尊，文武官员见了王导，应该向他行跪拜敬礼。祭祀部长（太常）冯怀询问颜含的意见，颜含说：“王导虽然贵重，但在礼节上，不能对某一个人特别突出。跪拜敬礼，或许只是你们的事情，我已经老了，不知道现在刮的什么风！”不久，告诉别人说：“我曾经听说，关于攻击别人国家的事，不去询问有仁心的人。最近，冯怀提出摇尾动作的细节，征求我的意见，难道我心里也有邪念！”从前，郭璞曾经和颜含见面，打算给颜含算上一卦（郭璞早于三二四年五月逝世，本年因颜含退休，一并追叙）。颜含说：“寿命靠天，官位靠人，自己努力而上天仍不赐给你，那是命运。坚持立场而不能获得人们对他的了解，那是性格。我自有我的命运和性格，用不着求神问鬼。”退休二十余年，九十三岁时才逝世。 11、代王（首府盛乐）拓跋翳槐的老弟拓跋什翼犍在后赵帝国当人质（参考三二九年十二月）。本年，拓跋翳槐患病，命各部落酋长拥立拓跋什翼犍。拓跋翳槐逝世，各部落酋长梁盖等，因国家刚刚丧失领袖，而拓跋什翼犍身在遥远的后赵帝国首都邺城（邺城跟盛乐之间，航空距离五百千米），不一定可以返回。即令可以返回，等他到时，恐怕发生其他变化。于是，计划另行拥戴一个新王。拓跋翳槐的二弟拓跋屈，刚烈凶猛，而又阴险诡诈，不如三弟拓跋孤仁慈忠厚。计议既定，遂共同诛杀拓跋屈，拥戴拓跋孤。 拓跋孤坚持不肯，亲自前往邺城，自愿留下当人质，交换老哥拓跋什翼犍回国。后赵帝国天王石虎被他们的手足情深感动，送二人一齐回国。 十一月，拓跋什翼犍在繁畤（山西省浑源县西南）登上代王宝座，改年号建国，把国土一半分给拓跋孤。 最初，代王拓跋猗卢逝世（参考三一六年三月），内乱不停，部落四散，索头部落遂衰败不能复振，一直等到本年拓跋什翼犍（本年十九岁）继位。拓跋什翼犍英勇而有智谋，祖宗传下来的基业遂逐渐复兴，人民纷纷归附。拓跋什翼犍开始建立现代化政府机构，任命文武官职，分别主持政务：代郡（河北省蔚县）人燕凤当秘书长（长史）、许谦当王府禁卫官司令（郎中令）。开始制定叛乱、杀人、奸淫、强盗、偷窃等法律；法律规章及行政号令，简单明了，亳不拖泥带水，没有手续繁琐的毛病，人民乐于接受。于是，东自濊貊（朝鲜半岛东北部），西到破落那（即大宛王国，首都贵山城），南到阴山（黄河河套北），北到瀚海沙漠群北部边缘，全都归服拓跋什翼犍，拥有部众数十万人。 12、十二月，逃亡中的段家部落酋长段辽从密云山派使节前往后赵帝国投降，请求派军接迎。然而，不久就又后悔，再派使节到前燕王国投降，也请求派军接迎。 后赵天王石虎，派征东将军麻秋率军三万人迎接段辽，警告麻秋说：“接受敌人投降，犹如接受敌人挑战，不可以粗心大意。”国务院左秘书长（尚书左丞）阳裕是段辽的旧部，命阳裕当麻秋的军政官（司马）。 前燕王慕容皝亲率各将领迎接段辽，段辽跟前燕王国将领秘密计划歼灭后赵兵团。慕容皝命儿子慕容恪率精锐骑兵七千人埋伏密云山下，攻击麻秋军，追至三藏口（河北省承德市境），杀二万余人。麻秋徒步逃走，才算保得一命。阳裕被前燕兵团俘虏。 后赵帝国将军范阳郡（河北省涿州市）人鲜于亮（鲜于，姓）失去战马，徒步沿山逃亡，筋疲力尽，不能前进，只好停下来，端正地坐在那里休息。前燕军环绕着他，喝令他起立。鲜于亮说：“我身是帝国（后赵帝国）尊贵的官员，在大义上不会向小人物屈服。你们要杀我就杀我，不能杀我，就快点走开。”鲜于亮仪容雄伟，气势不凡，前燕军不知道他的身份，有点顾忌，不敢击杀，便报告慕容皝。慕容皝派人送去一匹马迎接，相见长谈，大为高兴，命他当王府左翼侍从官（左常侍），把前平州（辽宁省）州长崔毖的女儿嫁给他。 慕容皝获得辽西段家部落全部人力资源，把段辽尊作上宾，任命阳裕担任宫廷禁卫官司令（郎中令）。 后赵天王石虎听到麻秋兵败消息，大怒，免除麻秋所有官职及爵位。 1、春季，正月二十五日，晋帝国（首都建康）大赦。 2、三月乙丑日（三月丙子朔，没有乙丑），晋帝国广州（广东及广西）州长（刺史）邓岳率军攻击成汉帝国（首都成都）宁州（云南省），成汉帝国建宁郡（云南省曲靖市）郡长孟彦逮捕宁州（州政府设滇池）州长霍彪，投降（三三三年三月，晋帝国失去宁州，本年夺回）。 3、晋帝国征西将军庾亮计划大举北伐，恢复中原，推荐桓宣当沔北（沔水以北）前锋军区司令长官（都督沔北前锋诸军事）、司州（侨州）州长，镇守襄阳（湖北省襄樊市）；又推荐老弟、临川郡（江西省临川市）郡长庾怿当梁雍军区司令（监梁雍二州诸军事）、梁州州长，镇守魏兴（陕西省安康市）；西阳郡（湖北省黄州市）郡长庾翼当南蛮保安司令（南蛮校尉），兼南郡（江陵·湖北省江陵县）郡长，镇守江陵；以上都“假节”。又请解除自己豫州（州政府设芜湖）州长兼职，由征虏将军毛宝接任；晋帝司马衍（本年十九岁）遂下诏，任命毛宝当扬州江西（安徽省全椒县至湖北省黄州市之间地区）军区司令（监扬州之江西诸军事），兼豫州（湖北省东部）州长；跟新任西阳郡郡长樊峻，率精锐部队一万人，驻防邾城（湖北省黄州市，在西阳郡城稍北。豫州州政府遂迁至邾城）。任命建威将军陶称当南翼警卫指挥官（南中郎将）、江夏郡（湖北省云梦县）郡长（相），进驻沔水中游。陶称在武士二百人护卫下，前往武昌（湖北省鄂州市）晋见庾亮。庾亮一向厌恶陶称轻佻狡狯，于是一条条列出陶称罪状，逮捕陶称，斩首（陶称是陶侃的儿子，庾亮对陶侃仍有余恨，而陶称又出卖庾亮给王导。突然诛杀，完全报复私仇。自称或被称宽宏大量的人，事实上却是阴狠之辈）。后来，因魏兴郡（陕西省安康市）距离既远，环境又十分危急，改命庾怿镇守半洲（江西省九江市西北二十千米长江中小岛）。改调武昌郡郡长陈嚣当梁州（州政府设魏兴）州长，向汉中郡（陕西省汉中市）推进。派军事参议官（参军）李松进攻成汉帝国所属的巴郡（重庆市）、江阳郡（四川省泸州市）。 夏季，四月，俘虏成汉帝国荆州（州政府设江州）州长李闳、巴郡（郡政府同设江州）郡长黄植，送往首都建康，呈献捷报。成汉帝国皇帝（四任昭文帝）李寿（本年四十岁）命李奕当镇东将军，接替李闳遗缺，镇守巴郡。 庾亮上疏司马衍，说：“巴蜀（成汉帝国）非常衰弱，而胡虏（后赵帝国）仍然强大，我打算率十万大军，把司令部移驻到石城（湖北省钟祥市），.派出各军，密布沔水（汉水）、长江一带，开始规划讨伐赵国（后赵帝国）。”司马衍把奏章交由高阶层官员讨论。丞相王导请求批准；全国武装部队总司令（太尉）郗鉴反对，认为：“给养辎重准备不足，不可能采取大规模军事行动。” 祭祀部长（太常）蔡谟也反对，说： “时运有好有坏，所以，真理有时可以伸张，有时也会受到屈辱。假如不评估强弱，而去轻举妄动，则灭亡之速等不到天黑，还谈什么建立功勋！现在最高的谋略莫过于培养威势，以待时机。时机是不是成熟，只看胡虏（匈奴）的强弱。而胡虏的强弱，只看石虎的能力。自从石勒（后赵帝国一任帝）起兵，石虎一直是石勒的爪牙，百战百胜，遂征服中原；疆土的面积跟曹魏帝国相等。石勒死后，石虎挟持继任皇帝，诛杀原有的宰相和大将（指石堪、程遐、徐光），内部灾难既告解决，又剪除外地敌人，一战夺取金墉（洛阳城西北角），再战擒获石生，诛杀石聪，容易得如同弯腰捡起一件东西；击败郭权，轻松得好像折断一根枯枝。全国领土，连一寸都没有丧失。从这个观点来看，请问：石虎是有能，或是无能？发表议论的人认为，从前，胡虏攻击襄阳（湖北省襄樊市），不能攻克（参考三三五年四月），遂肯定他们微不足道。问题是，百战百胜的雄师，偶尔不能夺取一城，即认为他无能，就跟射手百发百中，偶尔有一箭不中一样，岂能说他射击拙劣？ “而且，攻击襄阳的主帅石遇不过一个小部队的将领，我们的守将桓宣却是主帅。石遇所争的，不过边疆上一个城镇，有利就进，否则就退，并不是什么紧急要务。现在，征西将军庾亮，手握重兵，自负英名，亲率大军北伐，打算像卷草席一样，轻易的卷到河南（黄河以南），石虎一定亲自统率全国军队，一决胜负，岂能用襄阳来比？庾亮要跟石虎对决，请问，庾亮比石生如何？如果专心固守城池，请问，城池比金墉（洛阳城西北角）如何？如果要依靠沔水（汉水），为什么不依靠长江？如果说可以抵挡住石虎，为什么抵挡不了苏峻（参考三二八年正月）？凡此种种，都应一虑、。 “石生是一名猛将，拥有关中（陕西省中部）精锐部队，庾亮向他们挑战，不可能取得胜利。而且，当石生反抗中央之时，洛阳和关中（长安·陕西省西安市）同时攻击石虎。而今，三个军区反而全站在石虎这一边（三个军区：洛阳、长安以及郭权后来据守的上邽），比起力量，石虎今天是当时的两倍。石生敌不住石虎当年的'一半'，庾亮却打算对抗石虎今年的'两倍'，使我困惑。苏峻的强大不如石虎，沔水的险要不如长江。长江挡不住苏峻，却打算用沔水挡住石虎，也使我困惑。从前，祖逖驻防谯城（安徽省亳州市），在北方开荒屯垦，预防胡虏（石勒）攻击，特别在耕田界外构筑阵地（参考三二〇年七月）。谷米快熟的时候，敌人果然前来抢掠，于是，强壮的年轻人在界外阵地作战阻截，年老或年幼的则在界内收割，旁边往往准备好火炬，一旦界外阵地被突破，情况紧急，就用火炬把无法运走的稻谷烧成灰烬。这样一连多少年，并没有得到预期的利益。而在那个时候，胡虏（匈奴）只不过局限在黄河以北，比起今天，不过四分之一。祖逖不能抵抗四分之一，庾亮却打算抵抗四分之四，更使我困惑。 “然而，这还是指庾亮进入中原以后的事，进入中原道途上的危险仍没有讨论。从沔水西上，河流湍急，岸高如削，我们的船舰必须先后排列一线，逆水而行，首尾势将长达一百里之遥。如果胡虏没有子滋甫的那种仁义（前六三八年，楚王国攻击宋国，宋国第二十任国君襄公子滋甫迎战，有人建议乘楚军还没有渡过泓水时攻击，子滋甫拒绝。楚军既已渡过泓水，还没有集结，有人又提攻击建议，子滋甫又拒绝，结果大败）。乘着我们还没有集结完成，即行发动攻击，将怎么办？而今，我们的疆土跟胡虏相邻，水陆的形势完全不同，战斗的方法也不一样。胡虏如果前来送死，我们现有的武力，抵抗他绰绰有余。可是，如果我们放弃长江险要，向北远征，用我们的缺点（陆战）去攻击敌人最擅长的优势，恐怕不是可以获得胜利的谋略。” 决策阶层官员都认同蔡谟的分析。晋帝司马衍下诏，不准庾亮移防。 4、前燕王国（首都棘城）前翼参谋长（前军师）慕容评、广威将军慕容军、折冲将军慕舆根、荡寇将军慕舆泥向后赵帝国辽西地区（河北省东北部）攻击，俘虏一千余人家而返。后赵帝国镇远将军石成、积弩将军呼延晃、建威将军张支等追击。慕容评等停军反攻，砍下呼延晃、张支人头。 5、段辽在前燕王国阴谋叛变，前燕王国诛杀段辽跟他的党羽数十人，把段辽的人头送给后赵帝国。（段家部落，自三〇三年闰十二月在出现，酋长被晋帝国封辽西公，左右北方局势将近四十年，迄今消灭。） 6、五月，代王（首府盛乐）拓跋什翼犍，在参合陂（内蒙古凉城县西南）招集各部落酋长，讨论奠都灅源川（桑干河），娘亲王女士说：“我们从祖先到现在都是逐水草而居，迁徙不定，而今国家又逢多灾多难，如果固定在一个城池，一旦发生强盗贼寇突击，往哪里躲避？”拓跋什翼犍遂打消原意。 代国人民对于前来投靠的非鲜卑人，一律称之为“乌桓人”。拓跋什翼犍把“乌桓人”分为二部，每部设立一个总监，监督管理。命老弟拓跋孤当北部总监，儿子拓跋寔君当南部总监。拓跋什翼犍向前燕王国求婚，前燕王（一任文明帝）慕容皝（本年四十三岁）把妹妹嫁给他当王后。 7、秋季，七月，后赵帝国天王石虎（本年四十五岁）任命太子石宣当大单于，使用皇帝的旌旗。 8、七月十八日，晋帝国丞相、始兴公（文献公）王导逝世（年六十五岁），丧葬仪式效法霍光（参考前六八年三月）及安平王（献王）司马孚（参考二七二年二月）前例，参酌使用天子特有的礼仪。 王导清心寡欲，能够借着别人的辛劳建立自己功业，平常看不出他对国家有什么裨益，但经年累月下来，也有很大贡献，一连担任三世皇帝的宰相（祖父七任帝元帝司马睿、老爹八任帝明帝司马绍、孙儿九任帝成帝司马衍），家里的仓库没有存粮，身上的衣服只有一件是绸缎制成。 最初，王导跟庾亮向皇帝司马衍共同推荐首都建康市长（丹阳尹）何充，作为自己副手，并且说：“我如果死亡，但愿何充能进入宫廷，侍奉陛下，则国家可以没有危险。”因此，加授何充国务院文官部长（吏部尚书）。等到王导逝世，司马衍下诏征召庾亮当丞相、京畿总卫戍司令（扬州刺史），主管政府机要（录尚书事）；庾亮坚决推辞。 七月十九日，司马衍下诏擢升何充当中央军事总监（护军将军）；庾亮的老弟、会稽郡（浙江省绍兴市）郡长（内史）庾冰当立法院总立法长（中书监），兼京畿总卫戍司令，主管政府机要（参录尚书事）。 庾冰既到中央，身负重任，处理政务，辛苦不分昼夜，礼遇政府的贤能官员，提拔年轻的后进人才；无论政府民间，大家都异口同声赞美，肯定他是一位贤能的宰相。起先，王导辅佐皇帝的时候，无论对什么事都宽大处理。而庾冰则用刑罚建立威严，首都建康市长殷融劝他，庾冰说：“以前任宰相（王导）的贤能，已经无法承受过度宽大的后果，何况我的能力不足！”范汪对庾冰说：“最近天象变异，你有阻止奸谋的责任。”庾冰说：“天象奥秘难测，我怎么可能知道？唯一的方法是尽我的力量。”又调查户口（不知是全国或仅限京畿），查出隐藏没有列册的户口一万余人，全部编入屯垦部队，开荒耕田。庾冰喜爱追究事情发生的原因，以致流于苛刻琐碎。后来，庾冰忽然改变态度，又作过度的放松。宽严简繁