Chapter 9 4. Sima seized power

With the strong support of the experienced Prime Minister Cao Cao, the Eastern Han Dynasty government finally stabilized.However, after Cao Cao's death, his son Cao Pi usurped power and established the Cao Wei Empire in the Central Plains; Liu Bei, a Miao descendant of the Eastern Han Dynasty, established the Shu Han Empire in Sichuan Province;The colorful "Three Kingdoms Era" appeared in this century. However, the "Three Kingdoms Era" lasted only sixty-one years. After the 1980s, the Jin Dynasty unified China, and in the 1990s, the "Eight Kings Rebellion" occurred, and the royal family was fratricide; the Chinese once again fell into pain—— — and more painful than ever.

1. In spring, on the first day of the first lunar month, there is a solar eclipse. 2. In summer, in April, the Cao Wei Empire (capital Luoyang) Emperor (fourth) Cao Mao (20 years old this year) ordered the relevant units to follow the edict of the previous year (258) and promote the Supreme Commander (Great General) Sima Zhaodang Xiangguo, Feng Jingong, plus Jiuxi. 3. Cao Mao, the emperor of the Cao Wei Empire, watched the authority slip from his hands, and couldn't help but feel resentful; the anger accumulated for many years suddenly broke out. On May 7th, Cao Mao summoned Wang Shen, a senior consultant (servant), Wang Jing, an executive officer of the Government Affairs Department (Shangshu), and Wang Ye, a Sanqi attendant (Sanqi regular attendant), and said to them: "Sima Zhao's heart, passers-by You all know; I cannot sit here and wait for the humiliation of being deposed by him. Today, I will act together with you, and I will personally crusade." Wang Jing said: "Once upon a time, Ji Dang (the twenty-sixth monarch of Lu State Zhaogong) could not bear Ji The surnamed family monopolized power, fought hard, and finally failed and fled, causing ridicule all over the world. (The Ji surnamed family has been handed down from generation to generation, and controlled the Lu government. Ji Sun Ruyi; Ji Sun Ruyi counterattacked, and Ji Dang's army was defeated and fled to the state of Qi. From then on, he went into exile and died in Marquis Qian in 510 BC.) Today, power has been in the hands of the Sima family for a long time, Both the central and local governments are willing to die for the Sima family. They don't understand the principle of rebellion, and it's not just recently. Moreover, the Royal Guards are few in number, and their weapons and armor are very fragile. What will His Majesty use to attack? Once launched, Didn't he intend to eradicate him, but instead made him more powerful? The catastrophe is unfathomable, please think again." Cao Mao took out the imperial edict written on yellow silk from his pocket, threw it on the ground, and said: " I have made up my mind, even if I die, what is there to be afraid of? What's more, I may not die!" So he went to the palace and reported to Queen Mother Guo.Wang Chen and Wang Ye slipped away in the air, reported to Sima Zhao, and called Wang Jing to go with them when they were about to slip away, but Wang Jing refused.

Cao Mao then drew his sword, boarded the chariot, and led the royal guards of the Jinluan Palace, as well as servants and attendants, beat drums and shouted, and pointed directly at Sima Zhao's place.Sima Zhao's younger brother, Sima Ni, the commander of the cavalry (Tunqi school lieutenant), met Cao Mao at the Dongzhi carriage gate.The Central Military Director (Central Guard Army) Jia Chong led his troops in from the outside and intercepted the attack at the gate of Nangong, and the two sides fought in a scuffle.Cao Mao swung his sword forward, but Jia Chong's men did not dare to offend the emperor, and planned to retreat. Cheng Ji, the younger brother of the cavalry commander Cheng Lang and the attendant of the crown prince (Prince Sheren), asked Jia Chong, "The situation is urgent, what should we do?" What should I do?" Jia Chong said: "Sima Gong treats you well just for today; today's matter, what can I ask?" Cheng Ji drew out his spear and stabbed Cao Mao straight, Cao Mao fell in front of the chariot and died. .

When Sima Zhao got the report, he was taken aback and rolled from the bed to the ground.The royal master (Taifu) Sima Fu rushed to him, hugged Cao Mao to his lap, burst into tears, and said in great grief, "Assassination of Your Majesty is my crime!" Civil and military officials meeting.Chen Tai, Zuo Executive Director of the Government Affairs Department (Shangshu Zuo Pushe), refused to participate.Sima Zhao taught Chen Tai's uncle, Xun Xun, the executive officer of the government affairs department (Shang Shu), to call Chen Tai.Chen Tai said: "General public opinion thinks that I can compete with my uncle, but it seems that my uncle is not as good as me." Chen Tai's children and family guests persecuted Chen Tai, and Chen Tai went to see Sima Zhao. Asked: "Uncle Xuan (Chen Tai's alias), what do you think I should do?" Chen Tai said: "Only by killing Jia Chong can the public anger of the world be quelled!" Think about it next?" Chen Tai said, "I can only talk up to this point, I don't know what's going on!" Sima Zhao didn't continue the discussion.Xun is the son of Xun Yu (Xun Yu, refer to the first month of 192).

The Empress Dowager Guo ordered to announce Cao Mao's guilt, revoke his title of emperor, demote him to a commoner, and be buried with commoner etiquette; arrest Wang Jing and Wang Jing's family members, and hand them over to the Ministry of Justice (Ting Wei) for trial.Wang Jing kowtowed to his mother, please forgive him for causing a great disaster. His mother's face remained unchanged, and she smiled and said, "Man, who can not die? I'm afraid it's not the right place to die. What regrets do you have for dying for the emperor?" During the execution, the former subordinate Xiang Xiong cried bitterly on the execution ground, which moved the market.And Wang Chen was granted the title of Marquis of Anping because of his tipping off.

On May 8, the royal master Sima Fu wrote a letter, requesting that Cao Mao be buried with the etiquette of a king, and Queen Mother Guo approved it.He ordered Sima Yan, the military director of the Central Committee (Central Guard Army), to go to Yecheng (Southwest Ye Town, Linzhang County, Hebei Province) to meet the son of Cao Yu, the king of Yan, Cao Huang, the Duke of Changdao Township, and become the successor of Cao Rui, the second emperor (Ming Emperor). (Cao Huang is Cao Rui's cousin, and the first emperor Cao Pi still has descendants, so it should not be outrageous. However, this time is not the same as before, and the Empress Dowager Guo dare not speak, and everyone else obeys.) Sima Yan is Sima Zhao's son.

On May 9th, the dukes invited the Queen Mother Guo (qungong: In addition to the "Three Dukes", the royal masters are called "Shanggong"; the supreme commander, the famous general, is called "Conggong"), the order issued by the Queen Mother , renamed "imperial system". On May 21st, Sima Zhao resolutely resigned from Xiangguo, Duke Jin, and Jiuxi, and Empress Dowager Guo approved it. On May 26, Sima Zhao wrote a letter, accusing the Chengji brothers of treason and massacring the whole family. Bo Yang said: Cao Mao's attack was rash, but he was only twenty years old, full of vigor, and of course he couldn't think carefully. His only support was the title of "Emperor". Although he knew that he had no strength, he still vaguely hoped that this title could stop him Scaring the other party from fighting back, this is from what he said when he set off: "Not to mention that he may not die!" I can see the glimmer of hope hidden in his heart.Little did he know that in doing so he was cornering a fierce dog, which would have to fight back.As for the key to retaliation, Cheng Ji played the role of a murderer who was not human inside and out, but when he stabbed him with a spear, he didn't know that he would be not human inside and out.He has his wishful thinking, he has averted an urgent disaster for his master; moreover, he who "has no hesitation" is willing to risk the world's shame and use other people's blood to show his utter loyalty to his master.

The regicide tragedy happened on May 7th. Even Wang Jing, the executive officer of the government affairs department, was killed, but there was no movement towards the murderer. People all over the country watched Sima Zhao with wide eyes.But this matter, which can be solved with just one sentence, has been delayed for twenty days. What is the reason? We speculate that for twenty days, Jia Chong was on the verge of life and death.The matter is so obvious, Chen Tai's remarks should be the most low-key public opinion of the people in the world at that time.Sima Zhao just sighed: "That's all." Jia Chong was decapitated, from a loyal minister to a traitor.Later, Jia Chong was finally let go, not because Sima Zhao was particularly fond of anyone, politics is cruel, as long as the matter can be settled, the master will not cherish anyone.Pogier, Duke of Valentino in Italy, once ordered his general Rimiro to wash Romana with blood; when the people of Romana revolted and affected Pogier's throne, Pogier summoned Rimiro, and four days later, Rimiro died In the second paragraph, the corpse square is displayed to the public.But the killing of Jia Chong may shake the loyalty of the tail-waving system.The master is not only ruthless, but also unrighteous, who will dare to be the master in the future?Once the enthusiasm for gaining benefits through allegiance is weakened, it will cause desertion, and when the next event occurs, it will lose the ability to respond.Bojier was planted because Romana rebelled again, and no one suppressed him.

Therefore, Cheng Ji became the only murderer, because his status is low, killing him will not affect the belief of the tail wagging system.However, even so, Sima Zhao has to do some aftermath work, explaining to the tail wagging group the reason why Chengji had to be killed; this will take a while.And when Sima Zhao was doing internal education, Cheng Ji was probably still receiving grand entertainment, which made him full of confidence in his future, thinking that prosperity and wealth were imminent, and it was not a promotion, but a knighthood, or even both.His family members will also get an explicit or hint that the master will repay them, and then gather them together, have a small feast for three days, and a big feast for five days, and live happily, waiting for new orders, and the new orders really come.

Cheng Ji thought that the words "following orders" could protect him, but he never thought that he was just a tool to be used. Once the seriousness of the problem exceeded the support capacity of the umbrella, the master had no choice but to destroy this tool.However, many tail wagging killers firmly believe that the master will be grateful to him, and has boundless magic power; that's why tragedies in the world keep happening.This is the reason why Chengji II, III, and even Infinity emerged in endlessly.Seeing Chengji's fate clearly, assuming people intend to learn lessons from historical events, this is an important lesson.

4. On June 1, Empress Dowager Guo of the Cao Wei Empire issued an edict ordering Cao Huang, the Duke of Changdao Township, to change his name to Cao Huan. On June 2, Cao Huan (Cao Huang) entered the capital Luoyang.On the same day, he sat on the throne of the emperor (the fifth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty), at the age of fifteen, he was amnesty, and the year name was changed (before it was the fifth year of Ganlu, and then it was the first year of Jingyuan). 5. On June 4th, the Cao Wei Empire promoted Sima Zhao to be the Minister of State, granted the title of Duke of Jin, and added Jiuxi, just like before; Sima Zhao resolutely declined, so he stopped. 6. On June 11, the Cao Wei Empire promoted Wang Guan, the right executive director (right servant shot) of the Government Affairs Department, to be the supreme supervisor. 7. The militia commander (duwei) of the Soochow Empire (capital Jianye) was strict and proposed to dig Pulitang (east of Dangtu County, Anhui Province). Puyang Xing (Puyang, surname restored) from Chenliu Town in the southeast of Kaifeng City, the province, thought it could be successful; so he gathered all the troops and the people and began to build, but the cost was too high to be counted; 8. Rumors circulated in Kuaiji County (Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province) of the Eastern Wu Empire that Sun Liang, king of Kuaiji, will soon be emperor again.But Sun Liang's palace maid timely reported that Sun Liang ordered the wizard to use magic, pray to the sky, and said evil words; the relevant units reported to the central government.Sun Xiu (27 years old this year), Emperor of Eastern Wu (the third emperor of Jing), demoted Sun Liang to be a marquis and sent him to his feudal country (Fuzhou City, Fujian Province).On the way, Sun Liang committed suicide (at the age of eighteen); all escorts were punished. ("Wu Lu": Some people say that the emperor Sun Xiu poisoned Sun Liang to death with poisonous wine. It was not until the Jin Dynasty in the 1980s that the collapsed Soochow Empire court supply minister Dai Yong from Danyang County, Sun Liang was killed. His coffin was transported to Lai Township for burial.) 9. In winter, in October, Wang Guan, the Supreme Inspector General of the Cao Wei Empire (the capital Luoyang), Yangxianghou (Suhou) passed away. 10. In November, Cao Wei Emperor Cao Huan (Cao Huang) issued an edict to respect his father, King Cao Yu of Yan, and treat each other with special etiquette. (Special etiquette refers to: 1. When mentioning King Yan in official government documents, a new line should be added to match the full text; 2. Unless you are in the royal temple to assist the sacrifice, at any other time, you can only be called King Yan, and you are not allowed to use your surname. Name; 3. Memorials written by civil and military officials, as well as all official documents of the government, as well as officials and people, are not allowed to say "Yu" in their mouths, and it is not allowed to write "Yu" in their pens.) 11. On December 16, the Cao Wei Empire promoted Wang Xiang, the commander of the Gyeonggi garrison (Sili Lieutenant), as the supreme inspector. 12. Wang Shen, the executive officer (Shang Shu) of the Cao Wei Empire's Administrative Office, was the governor of Yuzhou (Henan Province) (Sima Zhao rewarded him for his informant). If a high-ranking official of the county government makes a mistake, or points out what the people’s most urgent hope is, the state government will pay five hundred hu rice grains as a reward. If you can point out the fault of the governor (inspector) or even the central government’s fault, you will be paid 1,000 hu rice grains The remuneration." The chief secretary (master book) Chen and Chu (sound xin., sound lue) met together and suggested: "The order you issued is mainly to understand the sufferings of the people and use rewards as encouragement. I am afraid What is more interesting is that a cautious and honest person may not want to be rewarded and refuses to speak up; a greedy and ignorant person may criticize casually in order to get a reward. If what he criticizes is not true, if no reward is given, people from afar will not know the inside story , I only saw that the proposal had been put forward, but not adopted, and believed that the state government deliberately deceived the people. Therefore, the circular should be promulgated later." Wang Chen ignored it and issued a second circular: "It is beneficial to those above, and it is beneficial to those below. People are rewarded, this is the integrity of a gentleman, how can no one speak up?" Chu met again and said: "Yi Qi Fangxun (Yao), Yao Chonghua (Shun), Ji Dan (Zhou Gong) can make others willing to do their best to him. Loyalty is their sincerity. Ice does not cool itself, and coal does not heat itself. The nature is very obvious, because they have hot and cold facts. If you like honest words, it is really out of sincerity, just like ice and coal, the facts are there , then loyal and straight remarks will appear automatically without asking for them. If Ende cannot match Yi Qi Fangxun and Yao Chonghua, and virtuousness cannot match Ji Dan, there is no such thing as ice and charcoal. Although a huge reward is offered, loyal and straight Speech is still not easy to hear." Wang Chen then stopped. 1. In spring, in March, Hu Lie, the magistrate of Xiangyang County (Xiangfan City, Hubei Province) of the Cao Wei Empire (the capital Luoyang), wrote a letter saying: "Eighteen Deng You, Li Guang, etc. The general of the reclamation area is secretly planning to surrender, and has sent envoys and hostages, and intends to invite the militia troops of the county government to meet him on the north bank of the Yangtze River." The Cao Wei government ordered the Southern General Wang Ji (who was stationed in Xinye at the time) to send troops to Jushui and take a boat The ship went south (the Jushui originates in the southwest of Baokang County, Hubei Province, and flows into the Yangtze River in the west of Jiangling County, Hubei Province).The imperial edict said: "If Deng You arrives as scheduled, we can use this opportunity to deal a strong blow to Soochow." Wang Ji sent a letter to the Supreme Commander (General) Sima Zhao in a stagecoach, listing Deng You and other suspicious behaviors. Waiting for further clarification, the army should not be rashly driven deep into the enemy's territory to respond. He also said: "The east and west sides of Yiling (Xiling, Yichang City, Hubei Province) are all sinister fortresses, with bamboo and trees overgrown. Once the enemy sets up an ambush , Bows and arrows of soldiers and horses cannot be used. Now, the weather is wet, and the function of the bowstring is affected. The rains are endless, the swamps are everywhere, and the farmland is deserted when the army comes out (the servants are all young and strong, and they are all played by farmers). , the situation is extremely dangerous. Jiang Weizhi's attack on Shangyu (Tianshui City, Gansu Province, refer to July 256), and Wen Qin's entry into Shouchun (Shouxian County, Anhui Province, refer to June 257), all went deep The enemy's national borders, greedy for profit, and self-defeating defeats. These are recent events that should serve as a warning. Since the 1950s, the empire has experienced continuous civil strife (Cao Shuang, Wang Ling, Wuqiu Jian, Zhuge Dan and other changes, as well as the dismissal of the third emperor Cao Fang), the current priority should be to concentrate on stabilizing the society, making the whole society peaceful and harmonious, promoting farming with all efforts, and strengthening the centripetal force of the people, instead of mobilizing teachers and mobilizing people to seek gains from outside the country.” Sima Zhaoyi received several letters from Wang Ji, hesitating; he ordered the troops that had already been dispatched to temporarily stop their advance and camp there, waiting for further instructions.Wang Ji wrote to Sima Zhao again, saying: "Once upon a time, Liu Bang (the first emperor of the Western Han Dynasty) adopted Li Shiqi's suggestion to make the descendants of the six countries kings. After hearing Zhang Liang's warning, he suddenly realized and urgently ordered the cancellation of the seal (Refer to June 204 BC). My intellect is superficial, although it is not as good as Zhang Liang, but I am deeply afraid that Hu Lie will make Li Shiqi's mistake." Sima Zhaocai taught Cao Weidi (the fifth Yuan Emperor) Cao Huan (this At the age of sixteen), he issued an edict for demobilization, and wrote back to Wang Ji, saying: "Most of the responsible cadres suppress their own opinions, and only listen to me. Few of them can persevere and have in-depth discussions with me. I am very grateful for your loyalty and love, and every time I see your prompts, I will do as you want; now, I have ordered the withdrawal of the troops." Later, Deng You and others refused to return.Hu Lie is Hu Fen's younger brother. 2. In autumn, on the day of Jiayin in August (Bingzishuo in August, there is no Jiayin), the Cao Wei Empire conferred on Sima Zhao the title granted last year (260); Sima Zhao still refused to accept it. 3. In winter, in October, Liu Chan (the second term) emperor of the Shuhan Empire (capital Chengdu) (55 years old this year), appointed Dong Jue as the general of the auxiliary state, and Zhuge Zhan as the governor (general protector) and commander of the capital garrison ( General Wei), jointly deal with government secrets (commonly Ping Shang Shu Shi), and promoted Fan Jian, a senior consultant (Shi Zhong), to be the director of administrative affairs (Shang Shu Ling).At that time, Huang Hao, the eunuch (zhongchang attendant) in the bedroom, was favored by the emperor, and Dong Jue and Zhuge Zhan were unable to stop him.Most of the senior intellectuals, serving officials and retired gentry flattered Huang Hao, but Huang Hao obeyed; only Fan Jian did not associate with Huang Hao.The Royal Librarian (Secretary Ling) has been serving in the palace for a long time, living next to Huang Hao, and has been in contact with him for more than 30 years.But Zheng is indifferent, doesn't pursue official titles, reading is his only entertainment; Huang Hao neither likes nor hates him; so Quezhen's official position has never exceeded six hundred shi, but he is not affected by Huang Hao's disaster.Liu Yong, the younger brother of Emperor Liu Chan of Shu Han, hated Huang Hao. Sun Xiu (28 years old this year), the emperor of the Eastern Wu Empire (the third Emperor Jing), ordered the senior guard commander (general of five senses) Xue Jue (sound xu) to visit the Shuhan Empire.After returning, Sun Xiu asked about the situation of the Shuhan Empire.Xue Jue replied: "The master is stupid and doesn't know the mistakes he has made; the subordinates are perfunctory, just trying not to cause trouble to the upper body. When they come to their government, they can't hear honest words; when they pass by the wilderness, the faces of the people show hunger. I once heard that swallows and sparrows stayed on the high halls of luxurious houses, and mothers and children gathered together happily, thinking that it was the safest paradise in the world. However, the chimneys have caught fire and the pillars have been burned, but the swallows and sparrows are still happy and do not know the disaster It’s imminent! It’s probably referring to this kind of landscape.” (Xue Jue’s observation is subtle, although he refers to the Shuhan Empire, but he also said it to Sun Xiu, so that Sun Xiu can reflect on the Eastern Wu Empire.) Xue Jue is Xue Zong His son (Xue Zongshi, refer to December 233). 4. This year, Tuoba Liwei, the chief of the Suotou tribe, the largest of the Xianbei ethnic group (in the central and northern parts of eastern Inner Mongolia), sent his son Tuoba Desert Khan to pay tribute to the dynasty (Cao Wei Empire), so he stayed in the capital Luoyang. Take hostage. Tuoba Liwei's ancestors lived in the barbaric area north of the Hanhai Desert for generations, and had never had contact with China in the south (Xiao Zixian's original note: "The Huns Khanate once married their daughter Tuoba to Li Ling. According to the customs of ethnic minorities, the son took the mother's surname , so Tuoba is a descendant of Li Ling. But later he refused to admit that whoever said they were descendants of Li Ling will be killed."), and Tuoba Mao was called "Khan" (the northern minority, only the king of the Huns known as "Shanyu", and the kings of other ethnic groups are called "Khan"), the power began to grow, ruling thirty-six kingdoms and ninety-nine tribes.After the fifth generation, he went to Tuoba Tuyin (names of the fifth generation: Tuoba Mao, Tuoba Loan, Tuoba Guan, Tuoba Lou, Tuoba Yue, Tuoba Tuyin), migrated southward, and settled beside a large lake .After another seven generations, to Tuoba Lin (names of the VII: Tuoba Tuiyin, Tuoba Li, Tuoba Qi, Tuoba Si, Tuoba Ji, Tuoba Gai, Tuoba Qi, Tuoba Lin), all The tribe is divided into ten tribes.He ordered his seven brothers, as well as the Yizhan family and the Chezhan family of the same species (Zhan, zhan. Zhan, kun), to lead a tribe each.Tuoba Lin was old and gave up the Khan throne to his son Tuoba Jiefen.Tuoba Jiefen led his troops to move south again, and then entered the vacuum homeland (central Mongolia) left after the collapse of the Huns Khanate.Tuoba Jiefen passed away, and his son Tuoba Liwei succeeded to the throne, and continued to migrate south, and settled in Shengle County (Helinger County, Inner Mongolia) in Dingxiang County (Youyu County, Shanxi Province). This refers to Dingxiang in the Eastern Han Dynasty County, which was already outside the Great Wall during the Cao Wei Empire), the tribes multiplied and expanded, and grew stronger day by day; other tribes of the Xianbei nation were all in awe. (One hundred and twenty-five years later, in the 1980s, the Tuoba family established the Northern Wei Empire. Here is a description of the origin and development of the Tuoba family. The Northern Wei Empire stood for 171 years, which was a great split An empire with the longest founding time, the largest area, and the strongest national power in the era occupies an important position in history.) 1. In autumn, on August 16th, the emperor of the Eastern Wu Empire (capital Jianye) (the third Jingdi) Sun Xiu (29 years old this year) made Ms. Zhu the empress; Empress Zhu is Sun Xiaohu (Princess Zhu) daughter. On August 19th, the prince Sun Wan was established as the crown prince. (Sun Xiu has four sons, and specially created a few strange characters as names: eldest son and grandson