Chapter 7 3. Participate in the killing of prisoners

The "Eight Princes Rebellion" ended at the beginning of this century, the situation was out of control, and the "Era of Great Split (304-589)" came. The "Great Split Era" is divided into two periods, the early period is the "Five Husbands and the Nineteen Kingdoms Period (304-439)", and the later period is the "Northern and Southern Dynasties Period (439-589)".This century (the fourth century) is the century of the Five Hu and Nineteen Kingdoms. The chiefs of the Xiongnu, Xianbei, Jie, Di, and Qiang nationalities, as well as the heroes of the Han nationality, rose up against the chaotic tyranny caused by the "Eight Kings Rebellion".The two emperors of the Jin Dynasty were captured alive and killed by them.The Jin Dynasty had no choice but to retreat to the south of the Huaihe River, moved its capital to Jiankang (Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province), and became a regional local government (known as the Eastern Jin Dynasty in history).The whole of China was caught in a large-scale and fierce civil war that had never been seen in history. Human lives were not as good as pigs and dogs, which made people cry.

1. In spring, the first month, Fu Deng (52 years old), former Emperor of the Qin Empire (capital Nan’an) (the fifth emperor), was overjoyed to hear the news of the death of Yao Chang, the emperor of the Later Qin Empire (capital Chang’an) (the first Emperor Wuzhao) Ruokang said: "Yao Xing, boy, I want to break a branch to make him look good." An amnesty was issued, and all the armed forces went eastward, and the prime minister (Situ) Ancheng Wang Fuguang was ordered to stay in Yong County (Fengxiang, Shaanxi Province) County); Prince Fu Chong stayed behind at Hukongbao (southwest of Binxian County, Shaanxi Province).Send envoys to the West Qin Kingdom (the capital Jincheng), appoint the leader of the West Qin Dynasty (the second king of Wuyuan), the king of Jincheng Qi Fugangui as the Prime Minister of Zuo, the king of Henan, and the governor of the five prefectures of Qin, Liang, Yi, Liang, and Sha ( animal husbandry), plus Jiuxi (Jiuxi, refer to four years).

2. At first, the chieftain of the Xianbei tribe, Tufa Sifulian (who was stationed in Guangwu at the time), passed away (for the matter of Tufa Sifulian's succession to the chief, refer to October 365), his son Tufa Wugu succeeded to the throne.The bald-haired Wugu was very brave and ambitious, and conspired with the general Fenzuo (sound tuo) to seize Liangzhou (the state government set up Guzang).Fen Xun said: "If you really want to get Liangzhou, you should first promote farming, strengthen military equipment, honor corporals, clear politics, and fair criminal law, and then it is possible." The bald-haired Wugu agreed.

The leader of Houliang Kingdom (capital Guzang) (one Emperor Yiwu) and the king of Sanhe Lu Guang (58 years old this year) sent envoys to appoint the bald-haired Wugu as the champion general and the governor of Hexi (western central and western Gansu Province) Xianbei ( Metropolitan system).The bald-haired Wugu discussed with his subordinates: "Is it acceptable?" Everyone objected unanimously, saying: "We have many soldiers and generals, why should we be his subordinates!" Speaking, the bald-haired Wugu said: "Are you afraid of Lu Guang?" Shi Zhenruoliu said: "Our foundation is not solid enough, the territory is too small, and we are not Lu Guang's opponents. If Lu Guang must destroy us, what can we do?" Stop it? It’s better to accept it and make Lu Guang arrogant. We wait for the opportunity and then take action, then we will be invincible.” The bald-haired Wugu then accepted the official title of Houliang Kingdom.

3. In February, the former Qin Emperor Fu Deng attacked and conquered the Yaonu Fort and Pipu Fort (all belonging to the people's self-defense fortress) defended by the Tuge (Xiongnu nobles) tribe. 4. Murongchui (the first Emperor of Wuwei) of the Houyan Empire (the capital of Zhongshan) launched a national attack on the Xiyan Empire (the eldest son of the capital), which was born from the same root, and ordered Muronghui, the Duke of Qinghe, to stay behind Yecheng (Ye Town, southwest of Linzhang County, Hebei Province), mobilized Sizhou (state government established Yecheng), Jizhou (state government established Xindu), Qingzhou (state government established Licheng), Yanzhou (state government established Juancheng) The armed forces of the four prefectures sent Taiyuan Wang Murongkai to pass through Fukou (one of the eight Xings of the Taihang, southwest of Wu'an City, Hebei Province), Liaoxi Wang Murongnong to pass through Huguan (north of Changzhi City, Shanxi Province), and Murong Chui himself to wear Crossing Shating (southwest of Wu'an City); assigned tasks, each army is ready to complete.

When Murong Yong, Emperor of Xiyan (seventh term), got the news, he gathered his troops and guarded the dangerous points along the border; he gathered grain, fodder and supplies at Taibi (southwest of Licheng County, Shanxi Province); Gui), Zhendong general Wang Ciduo, and right general Le Maju led more than 10,000 troops to garrison the Taibi wall to block the attack of Houyan's army. 5. In summer, in April, the former Qin Emperor Fu Deng marched from Liumo (east of Qianxian County, Shaanxi Province) to the abandoned bridge (southeast of Xingping City); Yao Xiang, the magistrate of Shiping County (Xingping City, Shaanxi Province) of the Later Qin Empire, guarded Mawei Fort (Ximawei Slope, Xingping City, Shaanxi Province) resisted.Prince Yao Xing sent Yin Wei, executive director of the State Council (Pu She), to lead an army to rescue Yao Xiang.Yin Wei built a camp on the abandoned bridge to prevent the former Qin army from advancing.The former Qin army was eager to fight for the river, but they were unable to attack the river, and two or three out of ten died of thirst; however, the attack became more and more fierce.Yao Xing sent Di Bozhi, the executive officer of the State Council (Shang Shu), to issue an order to Yin Wei on a flying horse: "Fu Deng is a gangster, he is at the end of his way, and he must do his best. We should be careful with him and not react rashly." Yin Wei said: "The late emperor (Yao Chang) went away after becoming an immortal, and the hearts of the people are in turmoil. If you can't fight back bravely and restrain the powerful enemy today, the general situation will be gone." Then he hit head-on, and the former Qin army was defeated.Moreover, that night, the former Qin army suddenly fell like a landslide, and the soldiers scattered and fled in all directions. Fu Deng turned back to Yong County alone.Unexpectedly, the prime minister (Situ) who was staying in Yongxian County, Ancheng King Fu Guang, and Prince Fu Chong who was staying in Hukongbao, immediately gave up the city and fled when they heard that their father was defeated in front of them.As a result, when Fu Deng came back, the two bases had been lost and he had nowhere to go, so he fled westward to Pingliang (Huating County, Gansu Province), gathered the remnants of the defeated generals, and entered Ma Mao Mountain (south of Guyuan County, Ningxia).

6. Later Yan Emperor Murong Chui stationed troops in the two south of Yecheng, and still did not move out for more than a month.Murong Yong, Emperor of Xiyan, was surprised and thought that Taihang Xing (one of the Eight Xings of Taihang, North of Qinyang City, Henan Province) had a wider road, and Murong Chui's army would definitely invade from Taihang Xing; so he left all the armed forces in the country, except for a part of the garrison. Outside the platform wall, the main force was fully deployed to the Taihang Xing and Zhiguan Xing (one of the Taihang Eight Xings, north of Jiyuan City, Henan Province) for defense.

On April 20th, Murong Chui led the main force of the Western Expedition to attack Fukou and entered Tianjing Pass (northwest of Lucheng County, Shanxi Province). On May 1st, the main force of the army entered the stage wall.Murong Yong sent his cousin, the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces (Taiwei) Murong Yidougui (Dayidougui) to rescue, but was defeated by General Ning Shuo of the Later Yan Corps.General Murong Yidougui (Xiao Yidougui) who conquered the East went to battle and was also defeated by Murong Nong, King of Western Liaoning of the Later Yan Corps.Murong Nong beheaded the right general of Xiyan and reined in his horse, and captured the general of Zhendong Wang Ciduo, and surrounded the platform wall.

Murong Yong urgently recruited the main force stationed in Taihangxing back to Beijing (the eldest son of the capital), and personally led an elite corps of 50,000 people to resist.However, Diao Yun, Prime Minister of the State Council (Shang Shuling) stationed in Luchuan (south of Licheng County, Shanxi Province), and Murong Zhong, a chariot general, were so frightened that they surrendered to Houyan's army. man's wife and children. On May 15th, Murong Chui built a camp south of the platform wall, and sent Xiaoqi General Murongguo to ambush 1,000 cavalrymen in the mountain stream.

On May 16th, during the battle with Murong Yong, Murong Chui retreated suddenly, and Murong Yong pursued him. After a few miles, Murong Guo's ambush soldiers rose from the mountain stream, cutting off the retreat of the Xiyan Corps.Later Yan's army attacked from all directions, defeated the main force of Xiyan, and killed more than 8,000 people; Murong Yong fled back to the eldest son of the capital.The guard of Jinyang (the county where the Xiyan Bingzhou prefecture government is located · Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province) (Murongyou, Gong of Wuxiang) got the news, gave up the city and fled.Murong Zan, king of Danyang in the Later Yan Empire, and others occupied Jinyang.

7. Yao Xing, the prince of the Later Qin Empire (29 years old this year), announced the death of his father Yao Chang. He ascended the throne in Huaili (Xingping City, Shaanxi Province) and proclaimed himself emperor (the second Emperor Wenhuan), amnesty, and changed his name to Huangchu (Before it was the ninth year of Jianchu, and then the first year of Huangchu); go to Anding (the county where the government of Yongzhou Prefecture in the later Qin Dynasty is located, Shuguang Township in the southeast of Zhenyuan County, Gansu Province).His honorific title is Lao Pai Yao Chang, his posthumous title is Emperor Wu Zhao, and his temple title is Taizu. 8. On June 29th (the original text is "Renzi", modified according to "Jiankang Records"), Emperor Jin (fifteenth Xiaowu Emperor) Sima Changming (33 years old this year) respected his grandmother - Dad The mother of Sima Yu (the 14th Emperor Jian Wen) Zheng Achun (the concubine of Sima Rui, the seventh Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty) was the Empress Dowager Jian Wenxuan.Civil and military officials all advocated that Zheng Achun's tablet should be placed next to Sima Rui, the seventh emperor (Yuan Emperor) in the royal temple, to enjoy the incense together.Xu Miao, the captain of the former wing guard of the crown prince (Prince Qianwei rate), said: "When the Queen Mother Xuan (Zheng Achun) was alive, she was not the official wife who matched the late emperor (Sima Rui). How can she be the master of the ancestors when she is a descendant?" Education Zang Tao, a research officer (Guoxue Mingjiao), from Dongguan County (Juxian County, Shandong Province), said: "Now, since the honorary title has been corrected and called the Empress Dowager, the infinite filial piety has been extended, and a temple should be built for the Empress Dowager, so respect the old man." The original intention of offering sacrifices to the temple is very obvious, and adding the nickname of the son (Sima Yu) to the nickname of the mother ("Jianwen" is Sima Yu's posthumous nickname) also shows that the mother is more precious than the son. Wouldn’t it be a good thing for a temple to be thoughtful in all three aspects!” Sima Changming approved, and built a temple for Zheng Achun to the west of the imperial temple (Tai Miao). 9. Later Yan Emperor Murong Chui led an army to surround the eldest son of the capital of the Xiyan Empire.Emperor Murong Yong of Xiyan wanted to give up resistance and defected to the post-Qin Empire. The senior consultant (servant) Lan Ying said: "Once upon a time the stone tiger attacked Longcheng (Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province), Taizu (Murong Tong, the first civilized emperor of the former Yan Empire) Stick to the city, dare not give up (refer to May 338), and finally laid the foundation of the empire. Murong Chui is already seventy years old (this year, Murong Chui is sixty-nine years old), and he has long been tired of war, it is impossible They have been stationed here for years and months, and concentrate on attacking us! You should guard the city tightly and wear them out." Murong Yong accepted. 10. Fu Deng, the former Emperor of Qin, sent his son, Fu Zong, King of Ruyin, to the Western Qin Kingdom as a hostage, and invited the leader of Western Qin (the second King of Wuyuan) Henan King Qi Fuqian to return to the army; Wang, sent his younger sister to Qi Fugangui to be his legal wife, and made her the Queen of Liang.Qifu Qiangui sent the former general Qifu Yizhou and others to lead 10,000 cavalry to help the battle. In autumn and July, Fu Deng led his troops out of Mamao Mountain (south of Guyuan County, Ningxia) to welcome the reinforcements from Yizhou.After Qin Emperor Yao Xing got the news, he traveled from Anding to Jingyang (northwest of Pingliang City, Gansu Province), and had an encounter with Fu Deng at the southern foot of Mamao Mountain. Fu Deng was captured alive and beheaded (at the age of fifty-two).All Fu Deng's followers were dismissed, and each went home to work in the fields.Thirty thousand households in Yinmi (southwest of Lingtai County, Gansu Province) were forcibly relocated to Chang'an.Empress Li (refer to the first month of the previous year) newly married by Fu Deng was rewarded to Yao Huang, executive director of the State Council (Pu She). Qifu Yizhou got the news and retreated.Fu Chong, the former prince of the Qin Dynasty, defected to Huangzhong (Huangshui River Basin, Xining City, Qinghai Province), succeeded to the throne (the sixth emperor), and changed his reign name to Yanchu (the ninth year of Taichu before, and the first year of Yanchu later). Fu Dengyi was called Emperor Gao, and his temple was called Taizong. 11. General Annan Qiangxi and Zhenyuan Qiangduo of the Later Qin Empire rebelled and elected Dou Chong as the leader.After Emperor Qin (the second Emperor Wenhuan) Yao Xing personally crusade, the army arrived at Wugong (west of Wugong County, Shaanxi Province), Qiang Lianguo, the nephew of Qiang Duo, killed Qiang Duo and surrendered.Qiangxi defected to Qinzhou (the state government was set up in Shangyu); Dou Chong defected to Sichuan (Qianyang County, Shaanxi Province), and Qiu Gao, a Di native of Sichuan County, captured Dou Chong alive and presented him to the Later Qin Empire. 12. Lu Guang, the leader of Houliang Kingdom (the capital of Guwei), the king of Sanhe, appointed his son Lu Fu as the commander-in-chief of the military region west of Yumen (northwest of Dunhuang City, Gansu Province) (supervisor of all military forces west of Yumen), the Western Regions (Xinjiang and Central Asia) East) the Supreme Governor (Dadu Hu); guard Gaochang (east of Turpan City, Xinjiang); the children of senior officials accompanied them. 13. On August 16, Sima Changming, the emperor of Jin (capital Jiankang), honored the imperial concubine Li Lingrong as empress dowager and lived in Chongxun Palace. 14. Murong Yong, the emperor of the Western Yan Empire (seventh term), was besieged and was in critical condition. He sent his son Changshan Gong Murong Hong and others to present a jade seal to Xi Hui, the governor (prefect) of Yongzhou (the state government was set up in Xiangyang) of the Jin Empire (presumably used by the former Qin Empire), asking for help.Xi Hui Shangshu told Jin Emperor Sima Changming: "If Murongchui (Later Yan Empire) annexes Murong Yong (Xiyan Empire), the disasters brought to the people will be more serious. It is better to let them coexist in the world, and we have a chance to kill two birds with one stone. !" Sima Changming believed that his views were correct, and issued an order to Qing, Yaner Prefecture (the state government is located in Jingkou) Governor Wang Gong, and Yuzhou (the state government is located in Liyang) Governor Yu Kai to rescue the Xiyan Empire.Yu Kai is the grandson of Yu Liang (Huan Wen killed the Yu family, refer to November 371, Yu Kai escaped).Fearing that the Jin army would not intervene, Murong Yong sent his prince Murong Liang to the Jin Empire as a hostage.Later Yan Empire's General Zhengdong pursued him regularly, and chased him to Gaodu (northeast of Jincheng City, Shanxi Province), where he captured Murong Liang alive. Murong Yong also asked for help from the Northern Wei Empire (the capital of Shengle). Tuobagui (24 years old this year), king of the Northern Wei Dynasty (one emperor of Daowu), sent Tuobaqian, the Duke of Chen Liu, and General Yu Yue, with 50,000 cavalry, to cross the river and enter. Xiurong (Xiurongchuan·Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province), supported from a distance.Tuoba Qian is the son of Tuoba Hegen (Tuoba Hegen is Tuoba Gui's elder brother, who died when his father was murdered, refer to December 376).Before the Jin and Wei armies arrived, Faqin, the general of Murong Yidougui (Dayidou), the commander-in-chief of the Xiyan National Armed Forces, rebelled internally, opened the city gate, welcomed the Houyan army into the city, captured Murong Yong, and beheaded ( The Xiyan Empire was the ninth short-lived kingdom to rise and the seventh to fall among the nineteen kingdoms of the Wuhu. It was established for eleven years and had seven kings in total. After the death of Xiyan, seven kingdoms stood side by side in China: the Jin Empire, the former Qin Empire, Later Yan Empire, Later Qin Empire, Western Qin Kingdom, Northern Wei Empire, Later Liang Kingdom).Murong Chui ordered the execution of more than 30 people, including the three princes of Xiyan, ministers, general Diao Yun, and Murong Yidougui (Dayidougui), and took over more than 70,000 households in the eight counties to which Xiyan belonged, as well as the cars and sedan chairs used by the former Qin emperor. Costumes, showgirls, music, quirky treasures, the list goes on and on. Murong Chui appointed Danyang King Murong Zan as governor of Bingzhou (central Shanxi Province) and guarded Jinyang (Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province); Yidu King Murong Feng was governor of Yongzhou (southeast Shanxi Province) and guarded the eldest son (Changzi County, Shanxi Province).Executive Director of the State Council of the Xiyan Empire (Shangshu Pushe) Qu Zun from Changli County (Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province), Executive Officer of the State Council (Shangshu) Wang De from Yangping County (Guantao County, Hebei Province), Royal Librarian (Secretary Supervisor) Zhongshan Li Xian from the county (Dingzhou City, Hebei Province), Chief Uterine Chief (Prince Zhanshi), Feng Ze from Bohai County (Nanpi County, Hebei Province), and Advisor to the Forbidden Palace (Huang Menlang) Taishan County (East of Tai'an City, Shandong Province) ) from Hu Muliang (Hu Mu, compound surname), chief legislator of the Legislative Yuan (Zhongshulang) Zhang Teng, assistant official of the State Council (Shangshulang) and Gongsun Biao from Yanjun (Beijing) were all appointed to official positions according to their talents (Li Xian and Gongsun Biao later held high positions in the Northern Wei Empire). In September, Murong Chui went to Yecheng from his eldest son. 15. In winter, in October, Fu Chong, the former emperor of the Qin Empire (the capital has no fixed place) (the sixth emperor), was expelled by the leader of the West Qin Kingdom and the king of Liang Qifu Qiangui, and had nowhere to stand, so he went to Longxi King Yang Ding (time stationed Shangyu).Yang Ding ordered the military and political officer (Sima) Shao Qiang to stay in Qinzhou (the state government set up Shangyu), and he personally led 20,000 troops to join forces with Fu Chong to attack the Western Qin Kingdom.Begging Qiangui to send him the governor of Liangzhou (the state government is set up in Ledu) Qifu Ketan, the governor of Qinzhou (the state government is set up in Yuanchuan) with full powers (shepherd) begging for Yizhou, and General Liyi Yuezhi Guigui led the cavalry Thirty thousand people resisted.Qifu Yizhou and Yang Ding fought in Pingchuan (Pingquan River, ten kilometers north of Lixian County, Gansu Province), and Qifu Yizhou was defeated; Qifu Ketan and Yuezhi Jiegui retreated at the same time.Zhai Yu, the military and political officer (Sima) who begged for Ketan, drew out his sword and roared: "The lord (begging for Qiangui) is heroic and majestic, he has created a foundation, and the army is going where he is. Province, Sichuan Province and Shaanxi Province). The general (Qifu Ketan) is a royal family member and serves as the marshal of the army. He should sacrifice his life to serve the country. Although the Qinzhou Corps (Qifu Yizhou Army) failed, the two The army is still intact, why did you run away? What face is there to see the Lord again (begging to return)? Although I have no authority, can't I take urgent action to kill the general?" Qi Fu Ketan apologized and said: " In the past, I didn’t know everyone’s intentions, if I was really loyal, how dare I cherish my life!” Leading the cavalry to fight again, begging to subdue Yizhou, returning to Jijin, defeating Yang Ding’s army, beheading Yang Ding and Fu Chong, and killing 10,000 soldiers 7,000 people (The former Qin Empire has died so far. Among the five Hu and nineteen countries, the former Qin was the seventh short-lived kingdom that rose and the eighth perished. It was established for 44 years and had a total of six kings. After the death of the former Qin, In China, six kingdoms stand side by side: the Jin Empire, the Later Yan Empire, the Later Qin Empire, the Western Qin Kingdom, the Northern Wei Empire, and the Later Liang Kingdom).Qifu Gangui completely occupied Longxi County (Longxi County, Gansu Province). Yang Ding had no son. Yang Sheng, the son of his uncle Yang Fogou, first guarded Qiuchi (in the south of Xihe County, Gansu Province), and then called himself General Zhengxi, Governor of Qinzhou, and Lord Qiuchi.Chasing and respecting Yang Ding as King Wu; sending envoys to the Jin Empire to surrender.Fu Xuan, the prince of the former Qin Empire, defected to Yang Sheng, and divided the Di people and Qiang people into 20 directors (army guards) units, each stationed in their own fortresses, and no longer established counties (the former Qin Empire collapsed and restored the pre-empire tribal era). 16. Later Yan Emperor Murong Chui inspected Yangping County and Pingyuan County (Pingyuan County, Shandong Province) to the east, and ordered Murong Nong, King of Western Liao Dynasty, to cross the Yellow River to the east and go to Qingzhou (northern Shandong Province) and Yanzhou (western Shandong Province) together with Annan General Yin Guo Seize the land belonging to the Jin Empire.Murong Nong attacked Linqiu (northwest of Yuncheng County, Shandong Province), and Yin Guo attacked Yangcheng (now unknown), all conquered.Wei Jian, the governor of Dongping County (northwest of Dongping County, Shandong Province) of the Jin Empire died in battle, and the county chiefs of Gaoping (Changyi Town, Northwest of Jinxiang County, Shandong Province), Taishan, and Langye (Linyi City, Shandong Province) abandoned the city and fled in the wind , the city defense collapsed.Murong Nong took advantage of the victory and marched to the East China Sea, and appointed county magistrates and county magistrates respectively. 17. Yu Jiulu Heduohan (Yu Jiulu, three-character surname), the chief of the Rouran tribe in the northern Hanhai Desert, abandoned his father (the father and son were captured, refer to October 391), and escaped from the Northern Wei Empire (the capital Shengle) , took his cousin Yu Jiulu Shesu, and led his tribe to fly far to the west.General Sun Fei of the Northern Wei Dynasty chased him to Shangjun (Nanyuhebao, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province) Bana Mountain (Dong Wula Mountain, Urad Front Banner, Inner Mongolia), and beheaded Yu Jiuluhe for sweating. Yu Jiulu Shesu assembled hundreds of remnants (I don't know if it was hundreds of people or hundreds of families), and went to his cousin Yu Jiulu Pihouba, and Yu Jiulu Pihouba placed them in the south.But Yu Jiulu's community launched a surprise attack and beheaded his cousin Yu Jiulu.Yu Jiulu Pi Houba's sons Yu Jiulu Qiba, Yu Jiulu Wu Jie and others all defected to the Northern Wei Empire.Yu Jiulu Shesu then plundered all the tribes west of Wuyuan (Baotou City, Inner Mongolia), and crossed the vast desert to the north. 18. In November, Murong Nong, King of the Western Liao Dynasty of the Later Yan Empire, defeated Piluhun in Longshui (a tributary of the ancient Jishui, which flows through the west of Zibo City, Shandong Province) After the war, the world was in turmoil and surrendered to the Jin Empire. Refer to February 388. According to Hong Liangji's "Eastern Jin Territory Records", at that time the Jin government set up Youzhou with Qingzhou's former homeland, the state government set up Guanggu, and Piluhun as the center. Governor), then entered Linzi (East Linzi Town, Zibo City, Shandong Province). In December, Emperor Murong Chui of Later Yan summoned Murong Nong to return to Beijing (the capital Zhongshan). 19. Emperor Yao Xing of the Later Qin Empire sent envoys to the Later Yan Empire to maintain diplomatic relations; he also sent back Murong Min, the son of Murong Bao, the prince of the Later Yan Empire, and the Later Yan Empire granted Murong Min the Duke of Hedong (Murong Min should have been in the former Qin Dynasty) When the empire collapsed, it was too late to return east to the homeland, so they stayed in Guanzhong). 20. The leader of the West Qin Kingdom, King Liang begged Fu Qiangui to change his name to King Qin (West Qin King), and he was amnesty. 1. In spring, the first month, the emperor of the Houyan Empire (the capital of Zhongshan) Murong Chui (the first emperor of Wuwei) (70 years old this year), sent a Sanqi attendant (Sanqi Changshi) Feng Ze to the Houqin Empire (the capital of Chang'an) apply for employment.So I set out from Pingyuan County (I went on tour in October last year), hunted in the counties of Guangchuan (southeast of Zaoqiang County, Hebei Province), Bohai (Nanpi County, Hebei Province), and Changle (Jixian County, Hebei Province) along the way, and then returned Jingshi (capital Zhongshan). 2. The King of the West Qin Kingdom (the capital of Jincheng) (the second king of Wuyuan) begged to return, and ordered the prince to beg Chipan and the Prime Minister of the State Council (leading the order); Zuo Secretary-General (Zuo Changshi) Bian Rui was the left executive director of the State Council (left servant shot); right secretary-general (right long history) should be the right executive director of the State Council (right servant shot).The establishment of civil and military officials follows the precedents of Cao Cao (refer to November 213) and Sima Zhao (refer to October 263), but they are still called Great Chanyu and Supreme Commander (Great General. Refer to 388) June).Bian Rui and others still held concurrent posts in the Da Shan Yu's Mansion and the Supreme Commander's Mansion. 3. Tai Xifu, chieftain of Xue Gan's fall (because he refused to arrest and send Liu Bobo, defected to Houqin, refer to July of the previous year) escaped from Chang'an, the capital of the Houqin Empire, and went to Lingbei (Ling, referring to Jiuyi Mountain).The Xianbei people and a few other Hu people in the west of Shangjun (Nanyuhebao, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province) gathered together and responded. 4. On February 4th, Lu Na, Premier of the State Council (Shangshu Ling) of the Jin Empire (capital Jiankang) passed away. 5. On March 1st, a solar eclipse. 6. Sima Dezong (14 years old this year), the crown prince of the Jin Empire, moved from the imperial palace to the Taigong (East Palace) to live in. The mayor (Dan Yangyin) Wang Ya and the prince's teacher (Shaofu). At that time, Sima Daozi, king of Kuaiji, had exclusive power, was extravagant and mighty; his confidant Zhao Ya was originally an opera singer (until the middle of the twentieth century, actors were called "stars" and had social status. Before that, they were scorned).Ru Qianqiu, who was originally a criminal policeman (thief catcher) in Qiantang (Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province), was valued because of his proficiency in flattery and massive bribery.Sima Daozi ordered Zhao Ya to be the governor of Wei County (Wei County was originally in Qiucheng. The Jin Empire set up an overseas Chinese county, and the county government was established in the capital Jiankang, with two overseas Chinese counties under Feixiang and Yuanshi), and Ru Qianqiu was the chief military counselor of Hushi General's Mansion. (Hussars consulted to join the army).Zhao Ya built a luxurious residence for Sima Daozi, built a rockery high, and dug a deep pool, costing tens of millions (I don't know if it is coins or gold and silver).Sima Changming, Emperor Jin, once visited Sima Daozi's house and said to Sima Daozi, "It's great that there are mountains and water in the house; but it's too wasteful." Sima Daozi couldn't answer.After Sima Changming left, Sima Daozi said to Zhao Ya: "If the emperor knows that the mountain is artificially made, you will die." Zhao Ya said: "As long as you live, how dare I die first!"Ru Qianqiu sells government positions, solicits power and accepts bribes, and owns hundreds of millions of dollars in property. The county magistrate of Boping (Qiaoxian County) and a native of Wuxing County (Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province) heard that Sima Daozi criticized Sima Daozi, and Sima Changming hated Sima Daozi even more. brother.Therefore, the famous and trusted Wang Gong, Xi Hui, Yin Zhongkan, Wang Xun, Wang Ya, etc. were promoted, and they were appointed to serve as important central and local officials respectively to contain Sima Daozi.And Sima Daozi also cited Wang Guobao and Wang Xu, the cousin of Wang Guobao and the county magistrate (internal historian) of Langye County (overseas county, north of Jurong City, Jiangsu Province), as his confidants.As a result, there were many factions in the government, and Sima Changming and Sima Daozi no longer had the brotherly joy of the past; Empress Dowager Li Lingrong continued to mediate among them.Xu Miao, chief legislator of the Legislative Yuan (Zhongshu Shilang), said calmly to Sima Changming: "Liu Heng (the fifth emperor of the Western Han Dynasty) is a wise monarch, but he still regrets killing Liu Chang (the death of Liu Chang on hunger strike, refer to 174 years ago); Shizu (the first emperor of the Jin Dynasty, Sima Yan) was smart and open-minded, and he was deeply ashamed of failing to live up to King Qi (Sima You) (refer to 283). Brothers should be cautious when getting along. King Kuaiji (Sima Daozi) ) Although indulged in wine, sex and wealth, you should treat each other generously, so as to eliminate everyone's discussions. Externally, it is for the unity of the country, and internally, it is to comfort the Queen Mother (Li Lingrong). " Sima Changming agreed and restored trust in Sima Daozi. 7. At the beginning, when Yang Ding, the king of Longxi in the former Qin Empire, died in battle (refer to October last year); Jiang Ru, the leader of the rebels in Tianshui County (Tianshui City, Gansu Province), attacked and occupied Shangyu (the county where the county government of Tianshui County is located). In summer, in April, the King of Western Qin Qifu Gangui sent Qinzhou (the state government set up Yuanchuan) full-power governor (shepherd) Qifu Yizhou to lead 6,000 cavalry to attack Jiangru.Bian Rui, the left executive director of the State Council, and Wang Songshou, the Minister of Civil Affairs of the State Council (minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs) warned: "Qifu Yizhou has won many battles and is already proud. He can no longer be entrusted with the task of being alone. He will definitely look down on the enemy because he looks down on the enemy. Because of this, he took the humiliation of failure." Qi Fu Gangui said: "Qi Fu Yizhou's bravery cannot be matched by other generals, and he should be supported by officials he respects." He appointed Pingbei General Wei Qian as Secretary-General ( Changshi), Zuo Jin general Wuhe (wu, surname) was a military and political official (Sima).When the army arrived at Dahanling (west of Tianshui City), they begged in Yizhou and were still not on guard. Instead, the soldiers hunted and drank at will. In order to stop the persuasion, they ordered: "Anyone who dares to talk about military affairs should be beheaded!" However, Wei Qian and others still made suggestions. Begging Yizhou refused to pay attention.Jiang Ru hit head-on and defeated the begging Yizhou army. 8. Tuobagui (25 years old), the king of the Northern Wei Empire (capital Shengle) openly betrayed the Houyan Empire and invaded and plundered various ethnic tribes along the border.The Houyan Empire reacted strongly. On Jiaxu Day in May (Jimaoshuo in May, there is no Jiaxu), Emperor Murongchui of Later Yan sent his prince Murongbao, King Murongnong of Western Liaoning, and King Muronglin of Zhao to lead an expeditionary force of 80,000 people to Wuyuan (Baotou, Inner Mongolia). City), decided to teach the Northern Wei Empire a serious lesson; Fanyang Wang Murongde, Chenliu Wang Murongshao, led another detachment of 18,000 cavalry as successors.Sanqi attendant (Sanqi regular attendant) Gao Hu dissuaded him and said: "Wei State (Northern Wei Empire) and Yan State (former Yan Empire) entered into an marriage relationship (the two wives of Daiwang Tuoba Shiyiqian are both Murong's family. Daughter, refer to May 339 and the first month of 344. In November 362, Tuoba Shiyiqian gave his daughter to the Qianyan Empire, and the Murong Royal married his daughter to him), when their internal When a disaster happened, we went to save them (see August 386 and July 387), and our kindness to them was deep and deep, and the friendship between the two countries was long and long. Just because of the recent request for tribute horses, there is no Detained his younger brother Tuoba Gui (refer to July 391) when he achieved his goal. The fault was on our side. Why did we turn our backs and mobilize an army to attack? Tuoba Gui was calm, brave and resourceful. , the army is strong and the horse is strong, so don't underestimate him. The Crown Prince (Murong Bao) is in his prime, determined and unstoppable. If he entrusts the army to him and orders him to take full responsibility, he will definitely think Wei Guo is a clown and belittle him. In case of a situation The development is not as good as imagined, I'm afraid it will hurt prestige and ruin the important event, please think twice." The words were so fierce that Murong Chui was furious and dismissed Gao Hu from his official post.Gao Hu is Gao Tai's son (Gao Tai was Murong Chui's staff commander, refer to November 369). 9. On June 5th, Murong Kai (son of Taiyuan King Murong Ke of the former Yan Empire) passed away. 10. The king of Western Qin begged for his return and moved his capital to Xicheng (west of Jingyuan County, Gansu Province). 11. In autumn and July, the leader of Houliang Kingdom (capital Guzang) (one Emperor Yiwu), Sanhe King Lu Guang (59 years old this year) led an army of 100,000 to attack the West Qin Kingdom (capital Xicheng)."Zuo Fu" (official name) Migui Zhou of the Western Qin Kingdom, and the commander of the garrison of the Eastern District of the capital (General Zuowei) Mo Zhe 羖羝 (Mo Zhe, compound surname. 羖羝, sound gudi) suggested that the Western Qin King beg to surrender and submit The vassals of the Houliang Kingdom sent their son Qifu Chibo as a hostage; Lu Guang then withdrew.But begging Qiangui suddenly regretted it too much and regretted it very much. He thought it was a great shame and humiliation, so he beheaded Guizhou and Mo Zheyi. 12. Zhang Gun, secretary-general of the Northern Wei Empire (the capital of Shengle), received news that the army of the Houyan Empire was approaching, and suggested to King Tuobagui of the Northern Wei Dynasty: "Yan Kingdom (Houyan Empire) has always been in Huatai (Hua County, Henan Province) , the eldest son (Changzi County, Shanxi Province) was proud of his two victories (sliding and destroying Zhai Zhao, refer to June 392; the eldest son destroyed the Xiyan Empire, refer to August last year), now, all the manpower and material resources of the whole country, To launch an attack, there is a mentality of belittling us. We should use this mentality to show our weaknesses and encourage them to be more proud, so that we can defeat the enemy and win." Tuoba Gui agreed. Therefore, Tuobagui ordered all the troops and livestock to cross the Yellow River westward and flee to the west, more than a thousand miles away, to escape far away.When the Hou Yan expeditionary force arrived in Wuyuan, more than 30,000 households from the tribes of the Northern Wei Empire surrendered, harvested more than one million dendrobium of miscellaneous grains, built a black city (north of Baotou City), marched to the Yellow River ferry, and built boats to prepare for crossing the river. Tuoba Gui sent Xu Qian, a right military and political officer (You Sima), to the Later Qin Empire (capital Chang'an) to ask for help. 13. The champion general of the Western Qin Kingdom (capital Xicheng) and the governor of Hexi Xianbei (Dadutong) bald-haired Wugu (refer to the first month of last year) attacked Yifu, Zhejue and other tribes, defeated them and subdued them; thus, built Lianchuan Fort (Minhe County, Qinghai Province), as a stronghold. Zhao Zhen, a native of Guangwu County (Yongdeng County, Gansu Province), loved intrigue since he was a child. When he heard that the bald-haired Wugu was stationed in Lianchuan, he abandoned his family and went to follow alone.The bald-haired Wugu was overjoyed and said: "I got Mr. Zhao, and the big thing must be a success." He was appointed as the left army political officer (Zuo Sima). Lu Guang, the leader of the Houliang Kingdom and the king of Sanhe, granted the bald-haired Wu Gu the Duke of Guangwu. 14. The long star appears in the sky ("Polo star", "comet" and "long star" are three different stars in Chinese history books: "Polo star" has a short light, which can be called a short-tailed comet, and "comet" has a long light, Commonly known as the broom star. The "long star" has a longer light, some two feet, some three feet, and some piercing the clear sky, from one side of the sky to the other side of the sky) sweeping the bearded star and reaching the crying star (which belongs to Astronomy, do not understand).Emperor Jin (Fifteen Xiaowu Emperor) Sima Changming (34 years old this year) was very disgusted. He raised his wine glass in Hualin Garden (Royal Garden) and blessed him: "Changxing, I respect you for this glass of wine. Since ancient times, How can there be an emperor who lives to be ten thousand years old!" 15. In August, King Tuobagui of the Northern Wei Dynasty assembled armed forces on the south bank of the Yellow River. In September, Tuobagui marched towards the Yellow River.The expeditionary army led by Prince Murong Bao of the Later Yan Empire was about to cross the Yellow River down the north bank of the Yellow River when a storm suddenly blew up and swept dozens of warships to the south bank. More than 300 soldiers in full armor were all captured by the Northern Wei Dynasty.The Northern Wei army released them back to the camp. When Murong Bao set off from the capital, Zhongshan, his father, Empress Yan Emperor Murong Chui, was already ill.As soon as the expeditionary army arrived in Wuyuan, Tuobagui sent people to ambush on the communication line between Zhongshan and the expeditionary army. When they encountered envoys, they immediately stopped them and captured them alive. No one slipped through the net.Murong Bao and others led an expeditionary force away, and they didn't hear from their father Murong Chui for several months.Tuoba Gui escorted the captive envoy to the bank of the Yellow River and ordered him to tell Murong Bao: "Your father has died, why didn't you go back early?" Tuobagui ordered Chen Liugong Tuobaqian to lead 50,000 cavalry troops to station at the East River; Dongping Lord Tuobayi led 100,000 cavalry troops to station at Hexi (Hedong and Hexi are both in Hetao and did not cross the Yellow River); Lueyang Lord Tuoba Zun led the cavalry troops 70,000 people marched along the Yellow River to prevent Hou Yan's expeditionary force from crossing the river.Tuoba Zun is the son of Tuoba Shoujiu (Tuoba Shoujiu is Tuoba Gui's older brother, who died of his father's death, refer to December 376). Emperor Yao Xing (30 years old) of the Later Qin Empire (the second Emperor Wenhuan) sent Yang Fosong to set off with reinforcements. Jin An, the magician of the Houyan Empire, told Prince Murong Bao: "The weather is unfavorable, and the empire will definitely be defeated. If we retreat in a hurry, we may escape." Murong Bao ignored; Jin An withdrew, telling others: "Our corpse They must all be thrown into the wilderness and cannot be transported back to their homes!" The Houyan Expeditionary Army and the Northern Wei Corps were in a stalemate for more than 20 days across the Yellow River. Muronglin's subordinate Mu Yusong and others believed that Murongchui was indeed dead, and planned to launch a mutiny to support Muronglin's succession.The conspiracy was leaked, and Mu Yusong and others were all executed.But Murong Bao and Murong Lin brothers began to suspect each other. In winter, on October 25, the Houyan Expeditionary Army burned ships and retreated by night.At that time, there was only broken ice on the river surface, and it was not completely frozen; Murong Bao believed that the Northern Wei Corps would not be able to cross the river anyway, so he did not send guards to cover it. Unexpectedly, on November 3rd, a storm rose suddenly, the temperature dropped sharply, and the Yellow River was frozen overnight. King Tuobagui of the Northern Wei Dynasty led his army across the Yellow River to the north, leaving behind a heavy supply of food and fodder, and specially selected 20,000 elite cavalry troops. Chase quickly. The Houyan Expeditionary Army retreated to Canhebei (northeast of Yanggao County, Shanxi Province). A strong wind picked up suddenly, and a black air surged from behind like an overwhelming mountain, covering the camp in an instant.Zhi Tanmeng, an eminent Buddhist monk, warned Murong Bao: "A sudden change in the wind and cloud is a sign that the enemy is approaching, and the army should be sent to defend against it." , do not answer.Zhi Tanmeng asked repeatedly, and Murong Lin said angrily: "Your Highness (Murong Bao) is brave and brave, and the armed forces are so powerful that we can run rampant in the desert without any scruples. How dare the tribe) come here? Zhi Tanmeng confuses the crowd and disturbs the morale of the army, and should be beheaded to show the public!" Zhi Tanmeng cried and said: "The Fu family's million-strong army was defeated in Huainan (Shou County, Anhui Province) (the Battle of Feishui, refer to three In October 1983), it was due to relying on one's own strength and despising the enemy, and not believing in the law of heaven (the law of heaven is: arrogance must be defeated)." Prime Minister (Situ) Murong De advised Murong Bao to accept Zhi Tanmeng's suggestion.Murong Bao then sent Murong Lin to lead 30,000 cavalry as the rear of the expeditionary army to guard against accidents.慕容麟认为支昙猛愚昧虚妄，所以命他的部队一面走一面打猎，毫不在意，也没有警戒。慕容宝再派骑兵向西探听北魏兵团消息，这些骑兵走了十余里，就下马解鞍，呼呼大睡。 北魏追兵日夜不停地追赶。 十月九日，日暮，黄昏，北魏兵团抵达参合陂西；而后燕远征军则正在参合陂东扎营，紧傍蟠羊山（内蒙古兴和县西南）南麓河旁，对敌人行踪毫无知觉。北魏王拓跋珪深夜分配各将领作战任务，遂向后燕远征军发动大规模偷袭，士卒衔枚（枚，形如筷子，，士兵衔在口中，以防喧哗，暴露行迹），马匹束住马口，悄悄接近。 十一月十日，太阳初升，北魏军登山成功，下面就是后燕军营，而后燕远征军正要东行，猛然抬头，发现北魏兵团已满山遍野；后燕士卒大为惊恐，呼喊奔走，乱成一团。拓跋珪下令总攻，后燕士卒逃走，纷纷投河，人马前后相继，压死的、淹死的以万为单位计算。而略阳公拓跋遵率军绕到后燕远征军前方，正切断退路，后燕远征军四五万人惊恐过度，一时之间，放下武器，全体投降，逃出性命的不过数千人。太子慕容宝等都单身匹马狂奔，仅仅幸免一死。北魏兵团斩后燕帝国国务院右执行长（右仆射）陈留王（悼王）慕容绍，生擒鲁阳王慕容倭奴、桂林王慕容道成、济阴公慕容尹国等文武百官数千人，铠甲、粮秣、辎重以万万计算。慕容道成，是慕容垂的侄儿。 北魏王拓跋珪在俘虏的后燕官员中，遴选有才干的代郡（河北省蔚县）郡长、广川郡（河北省枣强县东北）人贾闰，贾闰的堂弟、骠骑将军府秘书长（骠骑长史）兼昌黎郡（辽宁省朝阳市）郡长贾彝，天文台天文官（太史郎）晁崇等，留下任用。其余则打算一律发给衣裳粮食，遣送回国，用恩德招徕中州（中原）人民。中部总监（中部大人）王建说：“燕国强大，这一次倾全国的人力财力来对付我们，幸而我们大捷！不如全部屠杀，使他们的人力受到重大消耗，然后夺取，才比较容易。而且，生擒强盗，却把他放掉，恐怕不恰当。”于是，把俘虏全都活埋坑杀（王建一言，四五万人全死，人间惨事）。 二月，拓跋珪返云中郡（内蒙古托克托县）盛乐城（内蒙古和林格尔县）。 16、后燕帝国太子慕容宝认为参合陂之败是奇耻大辱，不断请求老爹慕容垂，向北魏帝国发动第二次攻击。宰相（司徒）慕容德向慕容垂建议：“盗匪集团在参合陂战胜，对太子（慕容宝）心存轻视，陛下应该用神奇谋略，把他们征服；不然，会有后患。”慕容垂遂命皇孙清河公慕容会：主管留守政府机要（录留合事），兼幽州州长（刺史），代替高阳王慕容隆镇守龙城（辽中省朝阳市）。命阳城王兰汗当北翼警卫指挥官（北中郎将），代替长乐公慕容盛镇守蓟县（北京市）。命慕容隆、慕容盛率领所有精锐部队，返回中山。定于明年（三九六年），对北魏帝国发动总攻。 17、本年，后秦帝姚兴封叔父姚绪当晋王、姚硕德当陇西王，老弟姚崇当齐公、姚显当常山公。 1、春季，正月，后燕帝国（首都中山）高阳王慕容隆率驻防龙城（辽宁省朝阳市）的武装部队进入中山。军容雄武，帝国士气稍稍振奋。 2、独立状态的休官部落酋长权万世率部众投降西秦王国（首都西城）。 3、后燕帝（一任武威帝）慕容垂（本年七十一岁）派征东将军平规征集冀州（河北省中部南部）民兵。 二月，平规竟率博陵（河北省安平县）、武邑（河北省武邑县）、长乐（河北省翼县）三郡武装部队叛变，据守鲁口（河北省饶阳县）。平规的侄儿、冀州（州政府设信都）州长（刺史）平喜劝阻，平规拒不接受。平规的老弟、海阳（河北省滦县西）县长平翰也在辽西郡（河北省卢龙县东）聚众起兵，响应老哥平规。 慕容垂派镇东将军馀嵩讨伐，馀嵩战败被杀。慕容垂御驾亲征，军到鲁口，平规抛弃部众，带着妻子儿女以及平喜等数十人，渡黄河南下；慕容垂回军。平翰率军直指龙城，清河公慕容会（幽州州长），派东阳公慕容根等迎击，大破平翰军，平翰逃入南方山区（白狼山、徐无山等）。 4、三月二十六日，后燕帝慕容垂留范阳王慕容德镇守首都中山，而自己率军秘密出发，越过青岭（河北省易县西南五回山），穿过天门（五回山南侧，万峰插天，悬崖绝壁，山径笔直上升，就是“天门”），开凿山路，打通鸟道，直指云中（内蒙古托克托县），大出北魏帝国（首都盛乐）意外。 北魏帝国陈留公拓跋虔带领他的部落三万余户人家，镇守平城（山西省大同市），慕容垂大军到达猎岭（大同市东），命辽西王慕容农、高阳王慕容隆当前锋，发动袭击。当时，后燕军刚受到惨败，将领士兵对北魏军仍十分畏惧，只有龙城兵团（高阳王慕容隆统御）士气旺盛，勇猛争先。拓跋虔一向没有戒备。闰三月十二日，后燕大军抵达平城，拓跋虔才忽然发觉，率部众出战，失败被杀。后燕军把拓跋虔的三万余户人家完全接收。魏王（一任道武帝）拓跋珪（本年二十六岁）震动恐惧，打算放弃首都盛乐逃走；其他部落听说拓跋虔阵亡，都生出二心；拓跋珪不知道如何是好。 慕容垂率军经过参合陂看到骨骸堆积如山，摆下香案，向死难忠魂致祭，士卒放声大哭（哭父哭子，哭兄哭弟），哭声悲恸，震动山谷。慕容垂羞惭愤怒，大口吐血，病遂沉重，躺在两马架成的卧轿上前进，在平城西北三十里休息。太子慕容宝等得到消息，从前方向后撤退。后燕军有叛徒投奔北魏，报告说：“慕容垂已死，军中不过一具放在车上的尸首。”北魏王拓跋珪打算追击；可是，听说平城陷落，遂率军返回阴山。 慕容垂在平城停留十天，病更转重，遂兴筑燕昌城（平城西北二十千米），班师。 夏季，四月十日，慕容垂在上谷郡（河北省怀来县）沮阳县（怀来县东南大古城村古城）逝世（年七十一岁），慕容宝下令封锁死讯。 四月二十三日，大军返抵首都中山。 四月二十五日，发布丧事消息，举行哀悼仪式，慕容垂谥号称“成武皇帝”（应是武威皇帝），庙号“世祖”。 四月二十九日，太子慕容宝（本年四十二岁）继位（二任惠愍帝），大赦，改年号永康（之前是建兴十一年，之后是永康元年）。 五月九日，慕容宝任命范阳王慕容德当冀兖青徐荆豫军区司令长官（都督冀、兖、青、徐、荆、豫六州诸军事）、车骑大将军、冀州全权州长（牧），镇守邺城（河北省临漳县西南邺镇）；辽西王慕容农当并雍益梁秦凉军区司令长官（都督并、雍、益、梁、秦、凉六州诸军事）、并州（州政府设晋阳）全权州长，镇守晋阳。又任命安定王库傉官伟（库傉官，三字姓）当太师（上三公之一），夫馀王馀蔚（夫馀蔚）当太傅（上三公之二）。 五月十二日，任命赵王慕容麟兼国务院左执厅长（尚书左仆射），高阳王慕容隆兼国务院右执行长（右仆射），长乐公慕容盛当京畿总卫戍司令（司隶校尉），宜都王慕容凤当冀州州长（刺史）。 5、五月十三日，晋帝国（首都建康）任命散骑侍从官（散骑常侍）彭城郡（江苏省徐州市）人刘该当徐州州长（此时另一徐州州长是司马道子，晋帝国遂同时任命两个州长），镇守鄄城（山东省鄄城县北）。 五月二十二日，任命望蔡公谢琰当国务院左执行长（尚书左仆射）。 6、最初，慕容垂的前妻大段后生子慕容令、慕容宝，继妻小段后（段元妃）生子慕容朗、慕容鉴；但慕容垂非常喜爱其他姬妾生的儿子慕容麟、慕容农、慕容隆、慕容柔、慕容熙。 慕容宝被封为太子时，声誉美好；但不久就荒废倦怠，无论宫廷和政府，对他都十分失望。小段后曾经向慕容垂建议：“太子（慕容宝）如果生在太平盛世，足可以成为一个守成的君主。而今，国家举步维艰，他恐怕不是救人渡过难关的大才。辽西（慕容农）、高阳（慕容隆）两位亲王，都是陛下最贤能的儿子，最好在他们兄弟二人之中遴选一人，把国家大业托付给他。赵王（慕容麟）奸诈刚愎，终有一天成为帝国的灾祸，应该早日除掉（慕容麟出卖老爹慕容垂，参考三六九年十一月一日）。”慕容宝对老爹慕容垂左右侍从人员用心结交，左右侍从人员对慕容宝的赞美，遂不绝于口。所以慕容垂认为他的这个儿子既贤明而又干练，回答小段后说：“你打算教我当姬诡诸呀！”（姬诡诸听信继妻骊姬谗言，杀太子姬申生事，参考二五〇年注。）小段后忍不住哭泣落泪，退出来后，告诉妹妹范阳王慕容德的王妃（段季妃）说：“太子既没有才能，又没有品德，天下人全都知道。我为了帝国前途直言直语，主上（慕容垂）竟把我当成骊姬，我这是何苦？我看太子（慕容宝）一定会失去帝国，而范阳王（慕容德）器宇不凡，如果帝国的福气还没有告尽，责任莫非在范阳王身上！”慕容宝、慕容麟听到这些话，把小段后恨入骨髓。 五月二十三日，慕容宝派慕容麟面见小段后，说：“你常说皇上守不住祖先的大业，现在守住守不住？你最好早日自我了断，才能保全你们段家全族的性命。”小段后大怒说：“你们兄弟这么轻率地逼杀继母，还谈什么守住守不住祖先大业？我岂是贪生怕死？只是忧虑帝国不久就要灭亡！”遂自杀。慕容宝认为小段后阴谋废除嫡子正统，失去做母亲和做皇后的立场，不应该为她举行丧礼，文武官员全都赞成。立法院最高立法长（中书令）眭邃在金殿朝会时，大声宣称：“做儿子的，大义上不可以罢黜母亲。东汉王朝安思皇后阎女士，亲手把太子刘保贬成亲王（参考一二四年），死后牌位仍然进入皇家祭庙，共享香火。何况先皇后（段元妃）含糊不清、连真假都不知道的几句话！”慕容宝才准举行丧礼。 7、六月一日，北魏帝国魏王拓跋珪派将军王建等攻击后燕帝国广宁郡（河北省涿鹿县）郡长刘亢泥，斩首，把刘亢泥的部众迁移到平城。后燕帝国上谷郡（河北省怀来县）郡长、开封公慕容详放弃城池，逃走。慕容详是慕容皝（前燕帝国一任国君文明王）的曾孙。 六月十五日，拓跋珪的娘亲贺太妃逝世。 8、后燕帝慕容宝下令划分知识分子及在职官员和离职士绅（士族）的户籍，分别归入高阶层或低阶层，严格校正；撤销军营包庇的户口，一律交还郡县政府。于是怨恨悲愤之声不绝于耳，干部离心离德（前燕帝国时，曾大规模撤销包庇户，也是怨声载道。可看出改革之不易，既得利益分子是最大的阻力）。 9、后凉王国（首都姑臧）首领（一任懿武帝）、三河王吕光（本年六十岁）改称天王，定国号大凉（后凉王国），大赦，改年号龙飞（之前是麟嘉八年，之后是龙飞元年），设立文武百官，封世子吕绍当太子；子弟封公爵、侯爵的二十人。任命立法院最高立法长（中书令）干详当国务院左执行长（尚书左仆射），国史编撰官（著作郎）段业等五人当国务院执行官（尚书）。 吕光派使节前往任命秃发乌孤（时驻廉川堡）当征南大将军、益州全权州长（牧）、左贤王。秃发乌孤对使节说：“吕天王的儿子们全都贪污淫乱（史有记载的儿子有：吕纂、吕弘、吕绍、吕覆），三个外甥更凶恶暴虐（石聪诬杀杜进，参考三八八年三月；其他二甥不详），无论远近，民怨沸腾。我怎么可以违背民心，接受这种不义的官爵？我就要自己称帝称王了。”留下吕光送来的乐队、仪仗，向使节道歉，送回。 10、后燕帝国叛将平规集结残余党羽兵力，据守高唐（山东省禹城县西南），后燕帝慕容宝派高阳王慕容隆率军讨伐，东方地区居民，一向怀念慕容隆的恩惠，所以欢迎他的人群，道路上前后不绝。 秋季，七月，慕容隆进军，抵达黄河河岸，平规放弃高唐逃走，慕容隆派建威将军慕容进等渡黄河追击，追到济北郡（山东省东阳县东南），斩平规。平喜投奔晋帝国所属的彭城（江苏省徐州市）。 11、晋帝国太子司马德宗（本年十五岁）娶故立法院最高立法长（中书令）王献之的女儿王神爱当太子妃。王献之，是王羲之的儿子（王羲之，是王导的侄儿，参考三四八年八月；以书法闻名于世）。 Bo Yang said: 仅仅阅读这段报道，虽在千载以下，我们仍然为那位王家少女高兴，她跃升到所有少女梦幻中的高位——太子妃。盛大的婚礼、高度的荣华，跟白马王子，双双对对，像每个传统童话的结局一样：“快快乐乐过一辈子。” 然而，根据事实，我们却为那位王家少女兴悲，因为白马王子司马宗德是一个智商不过稍高于零的白痴。这使我们警惕：表象和真相，落差太大，是产生悲剧的原因之一。思考能力或判断能力，就是要探讨真相，而不受表象的蒙蔽，王女士的婚姻幸福不幸福，就会得出正确答案。 12、北魏帝国文武官员一致拥戴北魏王拓跋珪应该有更尊贵的称号（“天王”或“皇帝”）。拓跋珪虽没有立即接受，但开始使用只有天子才可以使用的旌旗，出入都用警卫开道，净街戒严；并改年号皇始（之前是登国十一年，之后是皇始元年）。军事参议官（参军事）、上谷郡人张恂建议拓跋珪应向中原地区发展，拓跋珪大为高兴，立即行动。 后燕帝国辽西王慕容农率领他的部众数万户人家，到并州（山西省中部）接任并州全权州长。并州一向没有粮秣积蓄；本年，降霜的日子又提早来临，庄稼受到极大残害，人民贫苦，无法供应这么多人的粮食；而慕容农又派将领分别监视其他胡人部落，于是汉人和夷人同时对他怨恨，希望得到解救，遂秘密派人前往北魏帝国，请求进军。 八月二十八日，北魏王拓跋珪向后燕帝国的并州发动总攻；步骑兵组成的四十余万人庞大混合兵团南下穿过马邑（山西省朔州市），越过句注山（山西省代县西），军旗招展二千余里，战鼓声中，直指并州；左将军、雁门郡（山西省代县西南）人李栗率五万骑兵担任前锋。另派将军封真等从东边穿过军都（太行八陉之一·北京市昌平县），袭击幽州（州政府设蓟县）。 13、后燕帝国内斗白热化，征北大将军、幽平二州全权州长、清河公慕容会（慕容宝的儿子，参考三八六年三月），娘亲出身贫贱，但他在弟兄群中年纪最大，雄伟英俊，有器宇才能。祖父慕容垂对这位孙儿十分喜爱。慕容宝率军讨伐北魏帝国时（参考去年五月），慕容垂命慕容会负责管理太子宫，全权处理所有太子宫事务，对他的礼仪跟对太子相同。本年，慕容垂出军，命他镇守龙城，把帝国的东北疆土托付给他，无论是公爵府或司令部、州政府，所有的官员，都是第一流人选。慕容垂病重时，遗嘱吩咐慕容宝，一定要慕容会当继承人。可是慕容宝喜爱年幼的少子、濮阳公慕容策，根本没有考虑慕容会。而长乐公慕容盛跟慕容会同年（本年都是二十四岁，慕容盛应比慕容会在月份上为长，参考三八六年十一月），不愿当他的臣下。于是，慕容盛跟赵王慕容麟结合成一条阵线，共同劝告慕容宝封慕容策当太子；慕容宝同意。 八月四日，慕容宝下诏，正式封正妻段女士当皇后，慕容策当皇太子。慕容会、慕容盛都晋封亲王。慕容策本年十一岁，性情愚味懦弱。慕容会听到消息，愤怒怨恨。 九月，章武王慕容宙护送慕容垂和成哀皇后段元妃（小段后）的灵柩到龙城宣平陵（今地不详）安葬。慕容宝下诏给慕容宙，命他把高阳王慕容隆的幕僚官员以及部属家眷，全部接回首都中山（慕容隆去年十二月调回中山，由慕容会接替慕容隆）。慕容会对这项诏书多方违背，留下很多慕容隆的幕僚部属，不放他们回京。慕容宙年纪既大，辈分又尊，可是慕容会遇到机会，就凌辱这位叔祖父，看到的人，都知道慕容会已经心