Chapter 20 January 38 Diary 7

I found out again that the dead Chinese soldier was still lying in the open not far from my house.How long will this unbelievable situation last?I heard that a senior Japanese military official is on his way here. He is not under the jurisdiction of the local garrison, but directly under the Tokyo side.The officer is on a mission to restore order here, hopefully.It's time to restore law and order here.A young American drove here in the past two days, accompanied by a Japanese guard, to sell a large amount of timber to the Japanese.This shipment is from an Anglo-American lumber company.The man sent to help the British embassy said he met only about 60 people in all during the first 50 miles of the journey from Shanghai.Nanjing is also the only city he has seen that is worth mentioning in terms of population, and the other cities between Shanghai and Nanjing are almost completely inhabited.If someone stepped out of our safe zone, crossed the empty roads and entered every house without shelter, the sight was really shocking.All the doors were smashed or left open, and the barrage of destruction felt barbaric and incomprehensible.What did the Japanese want to gain from these ruins?Why kill their best customers?The future purchasing power of these people should be considered.These questions cannot be answered at this time.Thick smoke can still be seen in the city, and arson continues.One wonders, what is the purpose of this senseless destruction?The attitude of the Japanese embassy shows that some of them have been deeply ashamed of the Japanese army's practices for a long time.As long as they can do it, they will try to cover up properly, and banning entry and exit from Nanjing City is one of the many means.In this way, the outside world can know nothing about the current situation in Nanjing, but this can only work in a short period of time.Since the re-appointment of representatives from the German, American, and British embassies, hundreds of letters have been sent to Shanghai reporting the situation in detail, not to mention the telegrams sent by the various embassies.The safe zone is the only place that is alive in Nanjing.Some pavements gradually appeared on the roads in the city center.Early in the morning, just before dawn, some Chinese people entered the safe zone with what they thought were valuable items left after the disaster, looking for interested buyers.Most of the customers are people who have some savings besides buying food.Here, the bustling flow of people shuttles between the shops, forming a temporary old market in poverty.In extreme distress, the value of everything has to be revalued in terms of the most urgently needed foodstuffs and enjoyments, such as rice, flour, meat, salt, vegetables, and tobacco! !

In the following letter, we tried to urge the embassies of the three countries, namely Germany, the United States, and the United Kingdom, to help us solve the problem of a batch of rice reserves.Our reserves are kept intact in warehouses in the city, and are now occupied by the Japanese.But with little hope of success, all three gentlemen shook their heads doubtfully.It cannot be imagined that the Japanese will return to us these reserves that may still exist.On the contrary, they will do everything possible to prevent us from transporting food because we are in their way.They want us to go.We are not welcome every day, and I am afraid that one day we will be driven back to Shanghai.

Nanjing Safety Zone International Committee No. 5 Ninghai Road, Nanjing January 26, 1938 To Mr. Allison, American Embassy Mr. Prideaux-Bron, British Embassy Mr. Rosen, German Embassy Nanjing Dear Sirs: In our letter of December 14 to the Japanese authorities and in our talks with them, we solemnly raised the question of the grain reserves allocated to the International Committee.At the special request of the Japanese side, we told them where the grain was stored.However, although we have applied to the Japanese authorities many times since then, they have not been heeded. We therefore feel it necessary to provide you with data concerning the food reserves allocated to the International Committee to feed the inhabitants of the safe zone.

In a letter dated November 30, 1937, the former mayor of Ma promised to provide the committee with 30,000 tans of rice, and then in another letter dated December 3, 1937, he promised to give us 10,000 bags of flour.Then he verbally promised us 10,000 bags of flour. On December 2, we received an invoice for 15,000 bags of rice, and another invoice for 5,009 bags of rice on December 5.In fact, we only shipped back 8,476 bags of rice, plus the 600 bags distributed to refugees in Xiaguan, that is to say, we received a total of 9,076 bags of rice, equivalent to 11,345 tons.Since only 20,009 bags of rice were listed in the supply list, we were entitled to no more than 10,933 bags of rice after the Japanese occupation of the city on December 13.We didn't get any of the 10,000 bags of flour on the invoice.The 1,000 bags of flour we shipped in were donated by Datong Flour Mill at the request of Asia Oil Company during this period.

To recap briefly: The delivery list lists the actual receipt of confiscated by the Japanese authorities Rice: 20,009 bags, 9,076 bags, 10,933 bags, 96 kg each Flour: 0 bags of 10,000 bags 10,000 bags of 50 pounds per bag We draw attention to the fact that these 10,933 sacks of rice and 10,000 sacks of flour were taken from the hands of the International Committee by the Japanese authorities. We would be more than happy if you could help with our request. Thank you in advance for your efforts. Best regards Signed: John Rabe Siemens Matheson (China) Shanghai January 14, 1938 No. J.24691/VoDept.Dr.P./Wo to Mr. John Rabe Nanjing

Dear Mr Rabe: We are delighted to learn from various press sources, and first of all from your letter to your wife, that you are still safe and sound.Hope to be able to establish contact soon so that we can receive your reports on the business of the foreign firm, the capital power plant, and other important facilities. Attached here is a list of Hapro's residences and office buildings in Nanjing, which was given to us by Mr. Eckert.He requests that you inspect the properties to the best of your ability and inform him of the details.His address is: Box 122, Hong Kong Hapro Company.We don't know how much freedom of movement you have there, and we, as well as Eckert, would be grateful if you could take the time to check and inform Hapro.

We will always miss and bless you! Greetings from Germany Siemens Co., Ltd. (China) Signed: Dr. Probst Meyer an attachment January 25, 1938 Forwarded by the German embassy Signed: John Rabe John H.D. Rabe Nanjing Shanghai Council Document No. 991/Volume 17 of 26 January 1938 Concerning your letter of 14 January (No. J24691/Dr.P/Wo) Your above letter was not forwarded to me by the German embassy until yesterday.Mr. Christian Kroeger, an engineer of Lihe Matheson Co., Ltd., has arrived in Shanghai at this time.I have asked him to report to you on the situation here. About Capital Power Plant:

The power plant was not further damaged during the Japanese occupation of Nanjing.Around December 6, Mr. Bai came to our place and asked me to exert influence on the authorities of both sides, asking the Chinese and Japanese troops not to occupy the factory.I've tried my best on this, but without success.In the end, the power plant was not spared from the occupation of both China and Japan, let alone the latter.At that time, Mr. Bai still intended to stick to this place together with Mr. Lu Fazeng.The two also asked me to let them live in my place once the Japanese army occupied the city.But things turned out differently, because they have now fled to Hankow.

After the fall of Nanking I volunteered to help the Japanese recruit the necessary workers for the re-opening of the factories, and offered to send you a telegram if necessary, requesting that some engineers be sent here.But this suggestion was rejected by the Japanese.Mr. Sperling (a member of the International Committee) found most of the former factory workers in the safe zone and made them work for the Japanese.During this time we found that 43 workers who remained in Shimonoseki were shot by the Japanese for disarmed Chinese soldiers (or, alternatively, because they were employees of state enterprises).According to eyewitnesses, the 43 workers were chained together with many disarmed Chinese soldiers and killed by machine gun fire on the banks of the Yangtze River.The report was given by another worker who was with them. He survived by falling into the river with the bodies of his companions because he was standing in the third last row and was not injured.

A few days after the fall of Nanjing, I was allowed to enter the power plant.Outwardly, the factory is normal.There are many grenades and other ammunition in the computer room, which shows that the Chinese army has indeed occupied this place.Aside from the damage caused by the air strikes, other losses could not be ascertained.In the pumping station by the river lies the body of a Chinese soldier who was shot dead, along with a lot of ammunition.Various measuring instruments were damaged. The Japanese summoned 3 Japanese engineers from Shenyang, and they restored the central generating unit with the assistance of the Chinese workers at the power plant.After that, I can no longer go to Xiaguan.I heard from the Chinese that the No. 2 and No. 3 turbine units were also put into operation by the boiler equipment of Bosixi Company.Except for the Japanese military institutions, only a few houses in the refugee area were connected to electricity.In order to prevent air raids, the street lights were not turned on.

About Hapro's offices and residences: Please refer to the attachment for the reply on Hapro’s matter.Since it is not possible to write directly to Hong Kong except through the embassy, ​​please send this report from Shanghai. Greetings from Germany Signed: John Rabe appendix: Report on Hapro Properties Nanjing, January 26, 1938 1. Mr. Eckert was robbed and burned at No. 6 Alfalfa Garden, total loss. 2. Most of Mr. Busser's furniture in Yuanjiang New Village No. 1 was not damaged, some cushions were scratched, probably because he was looking for change, the cabinet was empty, and the servant was not there. 3. Some items were stolen from the Hapro office at No. 16 Langya Road, but no handyman was seen. 4. Some items were stolen from Zimsen’s residence at No. 11 Langya Road. 5. Mr. Klein at No. 13 Luojia Road was not damaged. John H. Rabe Nanjing 26 January 1938 Dear Dora: Your kind letter of January 18 was received yesterday, as were the other enclosed letters, one from Gretel from Binder on December 26 and one from Otto on Posted from Munich on November 19.Otto's letter was sent to you with mine, and I don't know if you read it, because it came in a separate envelope.Mr. Kroeger of Lihe & Co. has now arrived in Shanghai, and he must have told you in detail about the situation here--very good, isn't it?At this time, we are asking Shanghai Siemens Co., Ltd. through the Christian Church, whether I will be allowed to stay here until March 1, because I am still indispensable as the chairman.Of course, I personally wish I could leave here today, but I also realize that I can't leave my post and leave as soon as I say it.If I go away, Han's family, 2 fitters and their families, servants (2 handymen, Zhang and his sick wife, cook, coolie), even those 600 people live in the straw hut in our yard What will happen to the refugees here?I don't know either.But it's up to foreign firms to decide whether to stay or not!After all, I was sent to work for foreign firms, not for refugees. Of course, their situation deserves sympathy.It's impossible for you to come here.Dear Dora, you will not be allowed to enter Nanking at all.It is possible that I myself will be allowed to leave the city, but it is impossible to enter the city again within a short period of time (four to six months).There may also be people here who are eager for me to go, because we Europeans are like thorns in the eyes of the Japanese.But once I leave Nanjing, I won't be able to come back for the time being.what should I do?I am waiting for news from the foreign bank.Kroeger must have told you, too, that I work for the refugee area all day at the headquarters, the offices of the International Committee, not far from the German embassy.Of course, I still live at home in Xiaotaoyuan, where I have blocked the harassment of Japanese soldiers probably 100 times.You can hardly imagine what the city is like.There are no rickshaws and buses on the streets, not even one.Some are just private cars, but most of them are owned by the Japanese, and only a small part are private cars of our committee members.The streets in the safe zone are overcrowded, but outside the zone is deserted.Taiping Road, Confucius Temple, and all places in the suburbs were burned, and dead bodies are still everywhere.Although some people say that the situation will improve day by day, houses are burned every day, people are robbed every day, and women and girls are raped every day. best wishes and kisses your johnny Greetings to all friends and acquaintances at your place. Yesterday morning around 6am, I was woken up by a sound that sounded very much like a Chinese air raid siren.Although the sound is not loud and the distance is not close, it is not unclear because of this.Slowly, this sound disappeared.I rolled over contentedly, thinking I had a bad dream.But the explosion that followed told me that this was not a dream, but a harsh reality.Finally, the Japanese also used an electric alarm system (the alarm sounded for a long time).This is Chinese planes bombing over their own airport.Airports are constantly being releveled and bombed beyond recognition.McCallum was up early at this time and was buying vegetables for the hospital in bulk near the airport.He saw a house hit and instantly burst into flames.According to radio reports, a Japanese aircraft was destroyed.This morning, motors were roaring again in the air, but no shelling was heard, and the Japanese had become cautious. Today is the birthday of the German Kaiser, and a little commemoration will not damage the image of a member of the National Socialist Party in the slightest.No one born during the Kaiser's time would have completely forgotten him.It's just that era that I miss, not the Kaiser himself, because I like Hitler better.But, as it is often said, the memory always clung to one, for on this day the ghosts reappeared, marching joyfully and proudly on the emperor's birthday, in their colorful uniforms.Now they (almost all of them) have turned to dust, may they rest in peace under the underworld! According to Shanghai Radio, the French government awarded Father Jacques the title of "Honorary Knight".We've been through a lot together here, and the 15 members of the committee have done their best to overcome the odds.Mr. Jacano has achieved unimaginable achievements, and he is a well-deserved knight of honor. This morning, Dr. Rosen and I went to the east of the city. We passed Beimen Bridge, Guofu Road and other places along the way. All the houses were looted, and about one third of them were burned down.Immediately after that, we went to the hotel "Palace Hotel" run by the British, where a Shanghai-Germany Greer consignment company is located.The house was beyond recognition, half of the furniture was smashed, some of the furniture was scattered in the yard, and some of them had been burned.All facilities were severely damaged.Not even a trace of the German stuff (I visited the showroom here).I found several Chinese military uniforms (caps and jackets) in the dirty room, from which I deduced that the house may have been looted by retreating Chinese troops.Of course, there is also the possibility that these Chinese military uniforms were put in afterwards, in order to create a false impression that the Chinese robbed the house.One thing to note is that this house is relatively hidden, and it cannot be the route chosen by the Chinese army when they retreated. There was bad news just now. Mr. McCallum, who was in charge of Gulou Hospital, was stabbed in the neck with a bayonet by two Japanese soldiers who broke into the hospital without permission.Fortunately, the injury was not life-threatening.But this matter is very serious, and the governments of the United States and Japan have been quickly notified by telegram. Today I went to the Japanese embassy with Dr. Smythe to deliver a letter to Mr. Fukui.Not long ago, Consul General Okazaki returned to Japan to declare to the U.S. ambassador to Japan that the grain reserves promised by the Chinese to the committee before the fall of Nanking were neither allowed to be brought in nor handed over.If I am not notified on this matter by the United States Embassy by today, I will withdraw the demands made in this letter, which seem unlikely to be realized.Fukui initially stated that we should go to the people from the Self-Government Council, who had been entrusted with distributing food to the refugees.After repeated consultations, he agreed that he was personally willing to discuss this issue with the military authorities again.We'll just have to wait and see how events unfold before we give up waiting for news from Tokyo. Nanjing Safety Zone International Committee, No. 5, Ninghai Road, Nanjing, January 27, 1938, to Mr. Fukui, Japanese Embassy Nanjing Since our first contact with the Japanese authorities on December 14, 1937, we have talked to you about how to support the local civilians in many meetings.We have applied to you from the very beginning to entrust us with the grain reserves allocated to us by the former Nanking Municipal Authority.Then we offered to buy food from you with our relief fund.However, this request was also rejected by your authority. Only a small amount of rice has been shipped into the city so far.It is also worrying that private reserves, as well as our own, are becoming depleted, so we again apply to you for permission to bring in all the surplus grain provided to us by the former Nanking municipality. In order to give you a clear understanding of the ins and outs of the matter, we provide the specific data as follows: The former mayor of Nanjing, Ma, promised in a letter dated November 30, 1937, to provide the International Committee with 30,000 tans of rice, and in another letter dated December 3, 1937, promised to allocate 10,000 bags of flour.Later, at the press conference, he verbally promised to allocate another 10,000 bags of flour. On December 2, we received an invoice for 15,000 bags of rice, and another invoice for 5,009 bags of rice on December 5.In fact, we only shipped back 8,476 bags of rice, plus the 600 bags distributed to refugees in Xiaguan, that is to say, we received a total of 9,076 bags of rice, equivalent to 11,345 tons.Since only 20,009 bags of rice are listed on the supply list, we are entitled to no more than 10,933 bags of rice after your army occupied Nanjing on December 13. We didn't get any of the 10,000 bags of flour on the invoice.The 1,000 bags of flour we shipped in were donated by Datong Flour Mill at the request of Asia Oil Company during this period. To recap briefly: The delivery list lists the actual receipt None received Rice: 2.0009 million bags, 9076 bags, 109.33 million bags, 96 kg per bag Flour: 0 bags of 10,000 bags 10,000 bags of 50 pounds per bag Allow us to draw your attention to the fact that the food mentioned above is expressly provided to the International Committee for the purpose of feeding refugees. It would be very grateful to receive a written reply from you on how your authority has approached and signed off on this matter.Thank you in advance for your efforts. Best regards Signed: John Rabe Chairman of Nanjing Safety Zone International Committee Telegram: To Shanghai International Red Cross On December 8, I used the US embassy to call Mr. Pan, the current president of the Chinese branch of the International Red Cross in Hankou. Regarding this telegram, I don’t know what steps have been taken. Please let me know.In this telegram it is announced that we have formed a committee here and intend to make it a branch of the International Red Cross.This application was supported by Mr. Lu.For details on this matter please see the letters dated 14th and 15th December from Mr. Dr. Smythe. On December 14, the Japanese authorities banned the committee from entering the hospitals of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Military Affairs, which were crowded with wounded Chinese soldiers, although the committee had previously taken over these two hospitals.We tried to reach an agreement peacefully, but all attempts failed.We have evidence that conditions in the two aforementioned hospitals packed with 500 wounded are not satisfactory (repeat: no).Before we take any further steps, we recommend that my committee be officially recognized by your organization as a branch of the Red Cross.Please reply quickly. Signed: John Magee Nanjing, January 27, 1938 At around 16:00 on January 25, 1938, a Chinese girl surnamed Luo (she lived with her mother and brother in a refugee shelter in the safe area) was shot by a Japanese soldier and died by being shot in the head.The girl is 14 years old.The incident took place in farmland not far from Gulin Temple, a well-known temple on the edge of the refugee area.Accompanied by her brother, the girl was busy picking vegetables in the field when a Japanese soldier appeared and tried to rape her.The girl got up and fled in panic, and was shot dead by the Japanese soldiers.The bullet entered the girl's head and exited her forehead. Signed: Ernest H. Foster Nanjing, January 27, 1938 John H. Rabe Nanjing 27 January 1938 Dear Dora: Mr. Prideaux-Bloom, the British Consul, will shortly be sailing to Shanghai in a British gunboat.He will bring a lot of mail, including 3 thick envelopes for you, which contain my diary in Nanjing: Volume II: Part Two; Volume III: Parts I and II; Volume Four: Parts I and II; Volume Five: Part One. Volume I and the first part of Volume II are stored in the store room on board the ship "Kutwo" in Hankow.This part of the content I am sending you today covers the time span from the departure of the "Kutwo" until yesterday, and covers the main events.These are written for you, and I will have them bound at a later date.The first volume has been bound into a book.If anyone wants to read it, or part of it, it's up to you.Without the permission of the party, this diary cannot be published publicly.You have to ask Mr. Rahman in Shanghai about this matter.However, I think it is better for you not to publish this diary before I arrive in Shanghai, because I have deep doubts about whether the empire will allow this.And this diary, like my other diaries, is not for the public, but for you and your family.I don't know when I can leave here.I was free to move about in the city, but I couldn't go out, at least not for the time being. best wishes and kisses your johnny John H. Rabe Nanjing 28 January 1938 Dear Dora: I attached my diary to yesterday's letter, but I forgot to tell you that once the diary arrives in Shanghai, please call me about it through the German embassy.The telegram could have been sent through the U.S. Consulate General, where the U.S. Embassy has a radio.If the message is BUGAN, I assume the diary has arrived safely.Please let Mr. Kroeger or the foreign company (or you can do this matter) inform me which currencies can be used for payment in Shanghai.I mean, which banks have harder currencies?Which currencies are rejected? ?Will currency issued by certain provinces be rejected? ?When selling rice, we now accept currency issued by provinces, banks.However, I plan not to accept those currencies that cannot be circulated in Shanghai, so that one day our safe will contain a large amount of banknotes that cannot be used. The elite hair salon, as I said in my diary, was almost completely destroyed.Please write to Mrs. Luo through Mrs. Walter Made, whether the loss should be recorded in her name (other names are not acceptable) and declared to the German embassy.In this case, it is generally necessary to send a list of property values, that is to say, Mrs. Luo has to send the claim to Mrs. Walter Mudd, and then the latter forwards it to the German consulate in Shanghai via the German Consulate here. German Embassy.I am currently taking no action on this matter as I don't know if Mrs Lo is willing to make a claim, that is to say if she is willing to show herself as the owner of the property. In addition, please tell me in detail what measures you have taken to deal with your illness.Have you checked your blood pressure in Shanghai?If not, do go right away and let me know what the doctor says.Don't forget! When the British Consul Prideaux Bloom bid farewell to us just now, he introduced to us his successors: Geoffrey and Williams.We still have a lot to do on the committee.Yesterday I went to the Japanese embassy to ask again, and the answer was: I can leave Nanjing, but I can't return here in a short time.I am waiting for the news from the foreign firm whether I will leave Nanjing or not.If I go, I'll have to leave everything behind: committee, house, chattels, employees.What will happen to them, no one knows.In my opinion, it will definitely be another six months to a year before the war ends.The question now is: how? ? best wishes and kisses your johnny Mr. Tanaka unexpectedly approved Mr. Fitch to go to Shanghai today and allowed him to return in 6 days.The latter will take the British gunboat "Bee" (Mr. Prideau-Bloom is also on this ship) to Shanghai at 9 o'clock tomorrow morning, and will return a week later by the American gunboat "Wahu".I thought it was kind of weird, especially since the Japanese side didn't give him anything in writing, like a pass or anything like that.When I asked Fukui to approve Mr. Fitch's application to enter and leave the city last night, I was rudely refused by him.They may speak better to the Americans today, because some unpleasant incidents have occurred between them and the Americans in the past few days.Yesterday a Japanese soldier shot Mr. Allison in the face of the charge d'affaires of the United States embassy, ​​which was immediately communicated to Washington and here today as the latest news from the London broadcasts.The Japanese apologized to Mr Allison today for the slap, but they believe it started when he angered the soldier by saying inappropriate words to him in Japanese.What nonsense!Someone should have taught these soldiers proper manners long ago. Mr. Rosen also did something unpleasant.He drove to the east of the city with me yesterday, but he refused to take the Japanese guards assigned to him.My calm persuasion was of no avail.This incident was reported to the Japanese embassy, ​​and today I received the following statement: "There are still some Chinese soldiers in civilian clothes in Nanjing. The Japanese soldiers have been ordered to shoot at all suspicious persons. Therefore, we have distributed to the embassy officials Guards, protect your safety." It should be explained that even if there were Chinese soldiers in civilian clothes in Nanjing, they would not hurt us foreigners.Even children know that we are here to protect Chinese talents. We have received word that the Japanese will forcibly disband all refugee camps on February 4th.It is said that the refugees will return to the ruined city.The Japanese don't care how the refugees live in the ruins!This is too bad, but we don't know how to prevent this disaster from happening.The Japanese army held the power of life and death. Just got a "fat parcel" from my wife: sausage, butter, cheese and crunchy bread.I was as excited as a soldier.With it, the food on the Chinese New Year table can be improved! Nanjing Safety Zone International Committee No. 5, Ninghai Road, Nanjing, January 28, 1938 Prideaux-Bloom British Embassy Nanjing Dear Mr. Prideaux-Bron: As the charge d'affaires in Nanjing, you are very familiar with all major events such as the establishment of the Nanjing Safety Zone and related refugee work.I would like to say a few more words here about refugee work. Most of the 250,000 refugees in Nanjing were made homeless due to the spread of fires in and around the city.In many families, the breadwinner was taken or killed by the Japanese, leaving the rest of the family in dire straits.Not to mention tens of millions of such things, there are hundreds of them.As you know, the economic life of the inhabitants was completely destroyed.There are many residents who have entered the safe zone with a small amount of food and money, the meager reserves they have are almost exhausted, and now they have nothing. The relief funds at the Commission's disposal are of course stretched thin.We have 100,000 yuan in Nanjing, and we can get another 57,000 yuan in Shanghai.To get rid of the plight of 250,000 people, the 157,000 yuan is far from enough.What is worrying is that these tens of thousands of people need not only food, but also a place to live and live.In addition, we have to give them some help so that they can start a new life. Giving corresponding financial assistance to some poor families is also a great help to their new life.For such assistance, we can only rely on this fund. So please allow me to make the following request: Please help me to get relevant funding from the London Mayor's Fund.We have received a donation from the US Advisory Council which is included in the $57,000 mentioned above.We also hope that the British Commission will not hesitate to give us assistance. My sincerest thanks in advance for your support. Sincerely, kind regards your faithful Signed: John Rabe chairman situation report Nanjing, January 28, 1938 (204) On January 25, Wei from the Refugee Shelter reported: Here I present to you a list of raped women and a belt dropped by a Japanese soldier. time age note At 14:00 on January 13, two soldiers aged 16 raped the girl. At 14:37 on January 13, the woman was raped by a soldier. The 27-year-old woman was taken away by a soldier at 21:00 on January 13 and released the next day. At 20:37 on January 19, the woman was raped by a soldier. On the evening of January 20, the 13-year-old girl was raped by a soldier. On the evening of January 20, the same soldier, aged 48, raped the woman again. On the evening of January 20, the 36-year-old soldier raped the woman again.From the afternoon to the next morning, the soldier raped three women.He dropped the belt he was carrying when he left at 5am. Signed and stamped: Li Ruiting, director of Gulou West Refugee Shelter. (205) At around 16:00 on January 25, 1938, a Chinese girl surnamed Luo (she lived with her mother and brother in a refugee shelter in the safe area) was shot by a Japanese soldier and died in the head .The girl is 14 years old.The incident took place in farmland not far from Gulin Temple, a well-known temple on the edge of the refugee area.Accompanied by her brother, the girl was busy picking vegetables in the field when a Japanese soldier appeared and tried to rape her.The girl got up and fled in panic, and was shot dead by the Japanese soldiers.The bullet entered the girl's head and exited her forehead. (Ernest H. Foster) (206) At 9:00 p.m. on January 25, a Japanese soldier with a gun broke into my residence at No. 49 Yinyangying and raped my 18-year-old daughter.At that time, I wanted to report this to you, but the Japanese refused to let me leave.There are 6 people in my family, my son and son-in-law have gone to Hankou, and there are only 4 women in my family.Leaving aside the fact that my daughter was raped, if this continues to happen, all women in the district will be at risk.Therefore, I request your committee to protest this incident to the Japanese embassy as a charity. (Signature: Jia Xiaoming) (207) Yesterday afternoon (January 27) after lunch, Mr. McCallum, the person in charge of the University (Drum Tower) Hospital, was called to get out the two Japanese soldiers who broke into the dormitory at the back of the hospital.As two Japanese soldiers exited the house through the back door, McCallum pointed to the American flag there.They were enraged and ordered him to follow them.He agreed, thinking that in this way he would be able to follow into the Japanese army headquarters.But after walking about 100 yards, one of the soldiers told him to turn back."No, I'll go with you," McCallum said, before the soldier drew his bayonet and threatened to stab him to death.Seeing that McCullum ignored him, he stabbed Mr. McCallum in the jaw, and the latter threw his head back in order not to kill him, but still left a wound on his neck.Seeing this, another soldier took his companion away.People gathered at the gate of the Gulou Hospital were calling for help when they spotted a Japanese consulate policeman driving by.So the policeman took Mr. McCallum into the car and followed the two soldiers to the next street corner, got out of the car to persuade the two soldiers and took their names.He also said he would inform the Japanese embassy of the matter.At this moment, Dr. Trimer arrived here, and he was going to report the matter to the American embassy. (Mr. McCallum later delivered a written report to the U.S. embassy.) At the hospital that afternoon, the consulate officer expressed his regret to Mr McCallum over the incident.In the evening, he brought two gendarmes to No. 3 Pingcang Lane, and asked Mr. McCallum again for all the details of the matter. (According to a report by Mr. McCallum to Dr. Smythe) (208) At 14:00 on January 24, Mr. Foster, Mr. Podshivorov and Mr. Magee were asked to protect a woman.A Japanese soldier attempted to rape the woman and threatened her with a bayonet.The three gentlemen said that when we got there, the Japanese soldier had fled, but he dropped his bayonet because he saw us following him.We hand over the bayonet to the committee for further processing.This incident happened at No. 1 Yingtai Village (transliteration), not far from our residence, which is in the safety zone. (Signatures: Ernest H. Foster, John G. Magee, Podshivorov. Address: No. 1 Yingtai Village, Dafang Lane) (Note: I handed the bayonet to Mr. Allison of the American Embassy, ​​who handed it over to Mr. Fukui and informed the matter at the same time. The matter was then referred to the military police for investigation. - Smythe) (209) At 23:00 on January 24, two Japanese soldiers wearing light-colored armbands broke into an agricultural tool store at No. 11 Hujiacaiyuan. They threatened the owner with weapons and searched him.They then dragged his wife away, raped her and only released him 2 hours later. (Note: This incident involved burglary, threats with military weapons, hijacking and rape.) The Japanese notice on the door was torn off.Riggs and Bates then drove the woman to find the scene of the rape.She pointed to the road leading to No. 32 Xiaofenqiao, which was the headquarters of the Japanese Gendarmerie District.Dr. Bates lodged a formal protest at the American embassy because the incident took place on the grounds of Jinling University. On the afternoon of January 26, two Japanese military policemen, an interpreter and Mr. Gao Yu went to the agricultural tool store and the Japanese military police district team headquarters together with Riggs and Mr. Allison to investigate the matter.The woman had to go to the Japanese embassy for interrogation, but she was detained there for 28 hours and was not released until 20:30 on January 27.她讲述了如下情况：她提供的一楼至二楼间的台阶数目不对，在描述当时现场的铺盖以及照明情况时也说错了，因为她把煤油灯说成了电灯。此外，她也说不清楚被带走的具体时间（商店里愤怒的群众所提供的时间和她说的不一致）。因此认定，强奸不是发生在那所房子里，并由此推定不是日本宪兵所为，而是一些在此期间已经受到惩罚的普通士兵所为。既然已经认定此事不在日本宪兵区队部发生，那么这起举报以及美国大使馆的抗议便当然地被视为反日宣传。 （在平仓巷3号，高玉先生及其翻译向贝茨博士和里格斯先生证实了这个情况。——里格斯、贝茨） 食品供应情况 自1月16日至22日的一个星期以及本星期的前几天，自治委员会共得到了1000袋大米（这就是前面提及的2200袋中的一部分）供应城南的米店。 在本周二、三，即1月25日、26日自治委员会又得到1000袋米，这样从去年12月13日至今，已发给自治委员会3200袋米按规定出售。自治委员会已开始打算接手我们以前提及的1000袋面粉。可是昨天，1月27日，在另行通知之前，大米供应就暂时停止了。 在和国际红十字会及红卍字会开设粥厂的合作中，国际委员会继续向5万名难民免费供应定量米粥，同时也在各难民收容所免费分发大米。平民的私人储备日渐枯竭，因而领取赈济口粮的人越来越多了。 我们用于赈济的粮食储备也只够维持约3个星期了。 根据我们以往在水灾区的经验，3月和4月的食品供应情况最为糟糕，灾民往往得挺到夏收的时候。安全区内的小店里尽管有不少寻常的食品，豆腐除外，店主却总是想尽快出手。和人们通常在一座拥有25万人口的城市里见到的商店相比，上海路和宁海路上的这些小店简直太小了。 因此国际委员会还得想办法弄到一些粮食用于销售，而且得快，每天至少16O0袋米，这其中包括赈米的数量，免费分发的粮米必须能满足5万～10万人的需要。总储备必须要达到能维持至4月底，至少是至4月1日的水平。 在现有储备耗尽之后，还必须维持6周的时间。为此，国际委员会和自治委员会必须共同想尽一切办法筹集到足够的大米和其他食品，向5万～10万人免费发放。也就是说，自2月15日至4月1日期间，贩米的数量必须达到7000袋～1.4万袋。在此期间还得有2000袋～4000袋的额外储备，它不是用于一般的赈济，而是用于紧急状况下的定量配给。 Signed: Smythe 昨天晚上7时，不远处的多尔莉·罗德太太的房子着了火。今天早上又报道了另一起纵火事件。 英国领事普里多－布龙先生和乔治·菲奇先生带着我的日记于今天早上9时乘坐“蜜蜂”号起程了。这里没人相信菲奇先生在短期内会回来。日本人与我们欧洲人之间的紧张日益加深。目前我们正在认真考虑，是否应解散安全区委员会，代之以救济委员会，并寻求与自治委员会，即新的自治政府进行合作。当然，现在的问题是，日本人是否同意我们与自治委员会合作。我一再建议与日本人合作，但美国人反对，而且在整个委员会同意之前，我也不能向日本人提出，况且我对日本人能否同意也无把握。或许现在这种合作也太晚了，最佳时机可能已经错过了。再说如果日本人像他们所威胁的那样，在2月4日强行疏散所有难民收容所里的难民，把他们送进集中营，不让我们进入营地的话（他们在红十字医院就是这么干的），我们对此是根本无能为力的。我得到确切的消息，德国大使馆收到了日本人的一封函件，信中对德国大使馆给予难民的各种帮助表示感谢，并通知，将从2月4日起遣散所有难民收容所的难民。我召集了委员会的所有成员开了个会，我们决定让我们各国的使馆弄清并确认以下几点： 1.日本人会不会将外国辖区和外国侨民住宅里的中国难民驱逐出去。（一大部分难民收容所就在美辖区里，我这里的难民收容所属于这种情况，因为它就在一个德国人的院子里。） 2.我们是否被允许在我们的收容所里接纳更多的难民。 3.在我们未阐明自己的立场之前，请求我们的大使馆暂不对日方的函件作答复。 约翰·马吉发现了2名小女孩，一名4岁，一名8岁，她们的家人（共11口）全部惨遭杀害。她俩就守在母亲的尸体边，在一间屋子里待了整整14天，直到被邻居救出。姐姐用家里仅有的一点点米养活着自己和妹妹。 南京安全区国际委员会南京宁海路5号1938年1月28日致自治委员会南京 Dear Sirs: 此处附上的中文信函的英文原件昨天已面呈日本大使馆的福井先生。我们在信中重申了我们的请求，即允许我们提取前任马市长交给我们的米面储备中的剩余部分。我们请求福井先生再次向日本军事当局提出这一问题。福井先生让我们与贵委员会接洽，因此从现在起，我们也请求你们，就此事与日本军事当局进行协商，以便我们能用这批有争议的米面储备赈济城中的难民。 以往在水灾区的经验告诉我们，难民在3月和4月主要依靠赈米生存。而我们用于施赈的现有储备只能维持至2月15日前后。目前粥厂每日免费定量向5万人发放大米或施粥。此数目在下月估计将增至目前的2倍。对此我们必须预先采取措施，以保证10万人在10周内的供养。为确保危机时期的定量，我们需要1.2万袋米，供5万人维持10周，如果是10万人则需2倍，即2.4万袋。由此你们可以看出，我们在报告中提及的1.0933万袋大米及1万袋面粉只够用于今年春天在南京发放。 一旦这批储备得以落实，我们将在向安全区内外的居民赈放粮食的工作上与你们合作，并愿意效劳。 预先对你们将在这件事上作出的努力表示诚挚的感谢。 Best regards Signed: John Rabe chairman 南京安全区国际委员会南京宁海路5号1938年1月28日致中国红十字会南京 在此我们恳请你们购买100袋大米，并将其交给金陵大学的红十字难民收容所，以救济那里一无所有的难民。 我们已准备为此预付500元，余款货到付讫。先决条件是每袋的价格（含到红十字难民收容所的运费）不超过10元。此外我们还同意承担由此产生的150元杂费，不过我们希望这笔杂费能包括在用于购买首批100袋大米的1000元之内。米袋将由我们提供。 预先对你们将作出的努力表示衷心的感谢。 Best regards 签名：休伯特L.索恩 南京安全区国际委员会总干事 南京安全区国际委员会南京宁海路5号1938年1月30日致罗森博士德国大使馆南京 尊敬的罗森博士： 对于您提出的关于国际委员会目前状况的问题，我们简要回答如下： 众所周知，1月28日下午，一名日军特务机关的长官会同自治委员会通知各难民收容所的负责人，计划立即将难民遣返至其他城区的原住处。 我们完全赞同《特别措施告示》，它将较好地保护城中的居民，为那些住所被焚或因其他原因失去住处的居民提供新的落脚之地。 国际委员会在救援工作之始便希望难民能尽快恢复往日的生活。由于整个局势的不宁和安全区内的拥挤状况造成了一种紧张局势，这给我们委员会以及我们中的每一个人产生了不利的影响。我们也曾鼓励区内的不少中国人回到安全区外的原住处，并且我们早已就此向各难民收容所下达了指示。 随后，一些难民收容所的人数也确实减少了。但是有相当数量的难民又重新回到了难民收容所！Why? ? 城中任何一位居民都有权提出以下最基本的要求： 1.免受日军士兵的暴力侵犯、强奸和抢劫； 2.保证按时运送米面等食品，并在城中的指定地点集中发放、供应蔬菜，然而这在城内和附近地区以及运输通道的安全得不到保障之前根本无法做到； 3.房屋免遭日军焚毁，长时间来，日军持续烧毁了众多的房屋和店铺。 如果这些基本的要求确实能够得到满足，居民们会很快回到原住处，他们自己也希望在此居住并使住所受到保护。 真正实施新的安全和保护措施，并且让居民确信这些措施确实已经执行，尚有一段时间。 在此期间，如果下达2月4日之前难民（如果他们不想被日军驱逐出去的话）必须回到原住处的命令，并强制所有的商贩离开难民区，那么这项工作估计会十分棘手，而且会导致非常严重的后果。对此应慎重考虑。 在此请允许我们指出，如果日本人的威胁兑现的话，有可能会产生以下后果： 1.如果日本人用刺刀将中国平民从相对安全的地方赶到一个危险的地方，这将激起他们的仇恨和报复情绪。这种做法既不符合日本军方也不符合市政当局的政策。他们之间已经达成一致，保证善待中国平民并向他们提供足够的生活条件。 2.进一步加剧世界舆论的批评。长时间以来世界舆论一直对在南京发生的事件持批评态度，对向手无寸铁的平民使用武力表示了最强烈的谴责。 3.不利于外国诸强对日本的态度。它们中的一些国家此前已站在人道主义的立场上对南京的局势表示出了忧虑。对此事的否定性的批评必将造成新的麻烦。 4.鉴于上述几点，东京的日本当局或许会有这样一种愿望，即为了免除这些麻烦，他们将放弃这一打算。 由于我们的目的也是让南京能重新恢复秩序，居民能像过去一样生活，我们建议，为了消除居民的恐惧，赢得他们的信赖，应当立即发表如下声明： 1.日本当局和自治委员会立即采取切实的、专门的措施，恢复南京各地区的秩序。 2.居民虽应尽快从安全区内迁至城里的其他区域，但在此过程中日军不得使用任何武力。 一旦第一条付诸实施，并令各方满意地得到贯彻执行，居民们定将会自愿地回到原来的住处。既然这样，也就完全没有必要考虑使用武力。 只要有必要，国际委员会愿意在适当的时候提供自己仅有的救济金。 我们满怀信心地希望，城内的局势在今后的几周内会逐渐好转，这样，国际委员会就可以不再以目前的规模去从事它投入全部精力的救助活动。 一旦城内所有的地区恢复了秩序，安全区自然也就没有存在的必要了。因此，国际委员会已经开始考虑暂且更名为“南京救济委员会”。一旦全城的居民能够受到日本当局相对较好的保护（最近安全区受到了后者的保护），那么委员会的这一名称或许与它所从事的工作更为相符。 我们希望，我方已经阐明了救济工作的目的。如果有必要在居民返回原住处方面采取并落实切实可行的措施，我们愿意在此明确表达我们的合作意愿。同时，我们也想让您知道我们的忧虑，我们不能排除这样的情况：日军将兑现他们的威胁，在城里未恢复秩序之前即强迫难民回到原来的住处。 在此预先对您的帮助表示感谢。 Best regards Signed: John Rabe Chairman of Nanjing Safety Zone International Committee telegraph: 致博因顿先生，上海 向佩蒂特转呈谢意。货已安全运到。另外的1000袋米已经当局批准销售，自城市被占以来，共计4200袋米。由于供应较好，双方一直未能达成协议。由于没有豆腐，急盼用船运来任何一种豆类食品。周五有28名难民接到离开难民收容所的命令。如果到2月4日命令得不到执行，他们将被武力驱逐出安全区。我们试图干预此事，减轻平民的痛苦。 6万难民的住所被毁，他们不得不冒着严寒在雪地里寻找新的住处。您能在此事上帮助我们吗？ ?菲奇将于周二乘“蜜蜂”号到达上海。望医护人员迅速起程。威尔逊大夫颈部得了病，因此南京目前就没有外科医生了。 Signed: Smythe 南京，1938年1月30日9时30分 南京安全区国际委员会南京宁海路5号1938年1月30日致自治委员会南京 Dear Sirs: 在此请允许我们向诸位递交有关到今天为止使用贵方卡车和其他车辆所耗汽油的账单。 根据协议，因运输粮米、燃煤等赈济物资所耗汽油的费用一项，我们不再增加贵方的负担。请诸位向我们提供一份详细的清单。诸位要做的只是消除其中的差额。 请允许我们指出，我们之间已有约定，凡用于运输待售的米、面和燃煤，以及私人（包括贵委员会的成员）使用我方汽车及贵方私车所耗的汽油费用均由贵方承担。 由于我方的储备即将告罄，我们正在为汽油一事而忧虑。因此我们希望，贵方需要的汽油将来可从其他渠道获得，比如中国木材进出口公司或德士古石油公司等私营公司，它们在此设有仓库。也可向日本当局申请，其价格或许比上述两家公司要低。 如有必要，我们随时愿意对相关问题作出解释。 Best regards Signed: Lewis SC Smythe 南京安全区国际委员会财务主管 我们在上面提及的写给罗森博士的信中表达了我们委员会的忧虑之情，并且请求他和日本人进行磋商。我们对能取得多大的进展不抱多少希望（因为罗森博士在日本人的眼里不是一个可爱的人，而是一个可恨的人），但我们必须试图让日本人放弃将中国难民强制赶出安全区的打算。在此事上我只能选择罗森博士，因为我作为委员会的德国籍主席最好通过德国大使馆或它的代表行事。 斯迈思博士和我今天早上去了自治委员会。在那里，原拍卖商，现高级官员吉米·王接待了我们。他答应尽力说服日本人归还没收的粮米和面粉储备。就是这种努力也不见得能取得什么效果，但是不管它的结果如何，我们也得去做，因为我们不能放弃任何尝试，要坚持自己的权利。 我家的难民收容所成了一片沼泽。在两天大雪之后，雪开始融化。家中的600名难民已经获悉，他们在2月4日必须迁出难民收容所，为此他们非常悲伤。他们中的大多数离我的住处不远，一旦情况危急，还可以迅速回来。韩和我为其中最穷的约100人举行了一次私人聚会。我们凑了100元钱，分给了他们每人一元，他们高兴得不得了！ !他们太不幸了。明天就是中国的新年，是这些可怜的中国人最盛大的节日！ !委员会同意给我这个规模相对来说较小的难民收容所一笔5元钱的特别补助，用来买些做年夜饭的调味品。 600人才5元钱，多了我们也拿不出，就是这点儿馈赠他们已经感激不尽了。此外每个人除每天配给的可惜为数甚少的两茶杯口粮外，还（偷偷地！）得到了满满一茶杯的米。 我们的汽车机械师哈茨今天穿了一双从平克内勒的房间里偷来的长统靴来到办公室。当然是经过了克勒格尔先生的允许。他是这么说的！还说什么呢？我们大家对此也没有什么异议。哈茨是个穷鬼，又碰上平克内勒这么个好心人，此时他和他那两条长腿也许已在美丽的上海或香港了。关于克勒格尔先生，我们除了在广播里听到他一周前到达上海的消息外，一无所知。 下午4时，在去平仓巷的路上，我的汽车在汉口路被约50名中国人拦住，他们请求我去解救一名妇女，她刚被一名日本兵带走，后者欲强奸该女。我被领至薛家巷4号，该日本兵就是把这名妇女带进了这所房子。这所房子已被抢劫一空，地上到处是各种各样的碎片，在一间敞开的房间里停着一口棺材，我在隔壁的一间堆着稻草和杂物的房间的地上发现该日本士兵正欲强奸那名妇女。我硬把他从房间里拖到走廊上。当他看见这群中国人以及我的汽车停在外边时，便夺路而逃，消失在邻居住宅的废墟里。这群人情绪激动地低声议论着，还站在门口不肯走。在我的请求下，他们才很快散去，以免引来其他日本兵。 At 16:30, pray in Pingcang Lane. 18时，和斯迈思一起在罗森处喝茶。 20时，和施佩林及哈茨在沙尔芬贝格和许尔特尔处用晚餐。我们在希特勒掌权5周年之际向地方党小组长劳膝施拉格尔博士发去了一份电报。 中国的新年：佣人和雇员都隆重地向我拜年。难民们在院子里排着整齐的队伍向我三鞠躬。这其中还有许多年轻姑娘，大家都感谢我保护了她们，救了她们。只可惜还没有一个圆满的结局。他们献给我一块长3米、宽2米的红绸布，上面写着汉字。我猜想，这是封感谢信。我把这块布交给了佣人张。使我吃惊的是，他竟恭恭敬敬地把它悬挂在客厅里。不少中国客人虔诚地站在它前面，其中有个人把它翻成了英语：“You are the living Budda for hundred-thousand people.”（“你是几十万人的活菩萨。”） 起初我没有专心地听，但这样的赞誉我可承受不起。我仔细地看了看这位说话的人，他是前中国政府的一位级别较高的官员，算不上我特别的朋友，但他是一位古文专家，一位学者。我请他把中文再翻译一遍，但不要加任何恭维的修饰。他说：“我所念的，字字准确。我当然还可以翻译得更完整一些，大概是这样： 你有一副菩萨心肠， 你有侠义的品质， 你拯救了千万不幸的人， 助人于危难之中。 愿上天赐福于你， 愿幸福常伴你， 愿神祗保佑你。 你难民收容所的难民” 如果时局不是这么的严峻，面对这动人的贺辞我真要笑出声来。他们把我当成什么人了！我还没从这“市长”的岗位上退下，就已经有人把我当成成千上万不幸人的活菩萨了！但如上所述，我不敢对这份在无数的鞭炮声中献给我的礼物有丝毫的兴奋，因为2月4日一天天迫近了。这一天，这些可怜的难民将无一例外地从我这院子里的难民收容所被赶出去。但我仍然希望能用我的德国国旗来防止最糟糕事情的发生。God bless! !和这帮道德败坏的日本兵痞旷日持久地斗来斗去，我已经厌倦了。 刚刚我的佣人张又带来了下面一则消息： 吴秀珍（音译），一位收容在我处的24岁姑娘，今天早上11时在广州路46号原来的家中被一名日本兵强奸。她的叔叔前些时候听从日本人的命令回到家中，这姑娘是回去给他做午饭的。这名士兵用刺刀逼迫其就范，否则她就没命了。 听到这种消息，我还应该劝人们回家吗？在下面这封致自治委员会的信中有这样一种想法，即由自治委员会接管政府大楼里的难民收容所。这种想法当然源于我们，只不过是我们借自治委员会之口提出罢了。 南京安全区国际委员会南京宁海路5号1938年1月30日致王承天先生自治委员会南京 Dear Sirs: 今晨你们请求我们提供一份坐落在政府大楼里的所有难民收容所的清单，现随此函参上。 你们提出愿意接管这些难民收容所，并设法从日本当局处获得粮食以赈济难民，我们认为此项建议非常之好。 我们对于你们对难民的关注表示感谢。 With high respect Signed: John Rabe 注：截至1月25日的统计，在这8所难民收容所里共有1.79万人。——拉贝 我终于满意地发现，那名在我门前横尸达6个星期之久的中国士兵今天终于下葬了。 普里多－布龙先生的接替者，英国领事杰弗里转交给我一份杭立武博士从汉口发给菲奇先生的电报，后者现在上海。 杭立武博士致乔治·菲奇，汉口，1月28日 担忧地获悉委员会需要钱粮。请告知除上海援助外所需的其余数量及其他细节。 关于我1月28日写给普里多－布龙先生的信，我收到了如下答复： 英国大使馆南京1938年1月28日致约翰·拉贝南京安全区国际委员会南京 尊敬的拉贝先生： 您今天的来信已经收到。我已将此事转告了我的接替者杰弗里先生。我希望在到达上海之后能和我们的代办豪先生商量此事。 我认为（这是我个人的观点），您提及的问题事关重大，必须采取全面的措施才能胜任此项工作，而且在目前的这种情况下，此事是否能成功在很大程度上取决于日方的支持。如果有什么援救南京难民的新计划出台，而且此计划在现有条件下有实现的可能，那么我将向英国的基金会申请在我的职权范围内所能申请到的资助，给予支持。 请您放心，我对您和您同事为难民的利益所作的努力完全赞同。我会惦记着尽力帮助您。 衷心地祝福您 your faithful 签名：H.普里多－布龙