Chapter 19 January 38 Diary 6

In this diary I have written several times about the body of a Chinese soldier who was shot. This body was tied up on a bamboo bed and had been lying around my house since December 13th without burial.I protested to the Japanese embassy, ​​asking them to send someone or allow me to bury me, but so far there has been no result.The body was still in the original place, but the rope had been cut, and the bamboo bed was thrown two meters away.I can't understand the Japanese approach to this matter.On the one hand, they wanted others to recognize it as a great power on an equal footing with the European powers and to be treated the same;Since my various efforts to bury the poor body were fruitless, I had to give up, but as time went on, I became more and more aware that although this man died, his body will always remain in the world. This world.

This morning, Reverend John Magee accompanied me and Carat, who speaks a little Japanese, to Dr. Hirai, the chief medical officer of logistics, who I had to pay a return visit to.We took this opportunity to ask Dr. Hirai to allow us to visit the Red Cross Hospital.We set up this hospital in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and we still supply rice there.But after the fall of Nanjing, we were not allowed to enter because the Japanese took over the management of this hospital.After considering our request for a while, Dr. Hirai agreed to apply to the General Staff.He seemed like a kind, approachable old gentleman.When we visited him today, he was sitting in an armchair in full uniform, having his portrait painted by a Japanese artist.

Magee collected several more disgusting atrocities.Japanese soldiers took all the livestock they could get for slaughter.The Japanese recently asked some Chinese young people to look for pigs, and several young people who were not able to move quickly or failed to find the pigs were stabbed to death by the Japanese with bayonets.A stabbed young man with his entrails dragging out of his belly!One is disgusted by constant reports of this kind from eye-witnesses.People may think that the Japanese army is composed of released prisoners, and normal people would not do such things!Today we saw several trucks full of Chinese soldiers coming from the south and heading towards Shimonoseki.I figured they were all prisoners of war captured between here and Wuhu, to be executed on the banks of the Yangtze.

Mr. Gao Yu came to visit me.He is the head of the consulate police and the counselor of the Japanese embassy. I got him a car and hoped he would give him a receipt for expropriation.He did not sign the receipt and stuffed it into his pocket without saying a word.I'm at a disadvantage.He used to come in a well-fitting blue uniform, but now he wore civilian clothes.He is currently looking for photographs of aerial battles and crashed Japanese planes taken in Nanking.There are many photos in this regard, which were taken by the semi-official Central Party Headquarters Photography Agency.The agency's office is very close to my place, but it has been burned down by the Japanese at this time.You can buy a photo of this kind of photo taken by this photo agency for one yuan (by the way, I think it is too expensive).One of these photos is a group photo of 16 Japanese pilots who were imprisoned in Chinese prisoner-of-war camps due to a plane crash and received careful care and good treatment from the Chinese.It is said that one of Gao Yu's friends was among them, whose name we do not know.Gao Yu seemed to be very concerned about the fate of this captured pilot, and hoped to learn more about him from us.We could not give him any information, since in fact we knew nothing; A Japanese officer) was taken prisoner and must commit suicide by cutting open his stomach. A Japanese officer cannot be captured.This is something that the Japanese should settle among themselves.I would have absolutely no objection if a group of Japanese who committed atrocious crimes committed suicide here committed seppuku, but I can't help or inform about it though.

Mr. Sperling, Inspector General of our committee, has seen all the reports we have written.This awakened his sense of honor that had been dormant until now, and he couldn't hold it off, and made a report.Sperling saved many lives (he deserves the credit), and indeed among us experienced the most.But he is a relatively simple person, so the report is not very well written.None of us are born writers, but the unreasonable things written by Sperling do look very ridiculous.He showed me the draft.Of course I couldn't bear to change his amazing description, let him report like that.But "... there are many, many women...feeding their children with trembling breasts", "Naked Japanese soldiers lying on top of a young, beautiful girl..." He should delete such sentences .Here is the report:

Edward Sperling, No. 21, Dafang Lane, Nanjing, January 22, 1938, to Dr. Rosen, German Embassy Nanjing During the fighting in and around Nanking I risked my life with other gentlemen to stay here and was appointed Chief Inspector (Police Commissar) of the Nanking Safety Zone when the International Committee was established.When I drove around as inspector general, I had the opportunity to see some good things, but more bad things.My field tasks are not easy.I have 650 well-trained police officers and a well-organized civilian police force to assist me.We have maintained good order.Here I have to confirm once again that I am valued and respected by the Chinese.As I have often seen, this people is good at enduring pain and suffering without complaining or complaining.There were 200,000 refugees who had to leave their homes, fleeing alone, looking for safety and protection, and among them were many, many women, with young children in their arms and breastfeeding them from trembling breasts.

In the Nanjing Safety Zone, we used to have two well-organized fire stations, one in Drum Tower and the other in Dafang Lane. Unfortunately, our fire hydrants and fire trucks were requisitioned by the Japanese army after they entered, so we encountered Many fires are helpless.Fires happen almost every day and every night, and we can't help, and maybe our help isn't welcome.It's sad, but true. Riots in the safe zone (not really a safe zone at all, since it doesn't offer absolute security) really started after the Japanese troops moved in on December 13, 1937.So far everything has been organized very quietly and peacefully, but the Japanese soldiers have not respected at all, and they dismiss the swastika flag and the German embassy's notices in German, English and Chinese.The German embassy also issued a protection certificate for the servants of the Germans, but they came to me every day to report that the Japanese soldiers robbed bedding and money, etc., and frantically used rifle butts and bayonets to forcibly lock the locked rooms. The door slammed open and broke in.According to the report, the stolen cars were: Dr. Trautman (returned), Dr. Rosen, Lindemann, Kroeger, Stark, Zenck, Dr. Baker, Borchardt, Lowe Lenz, Pirner, Martin, Heinrich, Hummel, Dr. Schroeder, Ziemsen.There are also many cars that have not been reported after being stolen,

On December 17, Mr. Schürter's car was stolen at the German embassy.As it so happened, Mr. Hartz and I, together with an officer from the Japanese Consulate, were nearby, and we were able to catch the thief on the second street corner, and we managed to get the car back with some difficulty.I saw very little power in the Japanese civil service in this matter, and this consulate official was constantly bowing sharply and stooping farewell to the bandit soldiers. From December 17th to 20th, 1937, the Japanese consul Tanaka drove to the residences of all foreigners, and asked people to paste protective notices written in Japanese on the outside of these houses (later I found out that this broken thing has Several sheets were torn off and thrown on the ground).Still, Japanese soldiers continued to break in and loot the houses.

At noon on December 21, I saw Hempel's restaurant burning, despite the notice of the Japanese consulate on the outside. A few days later, the Kisling-Baader pastry shop was burned to the ground. On December 21, according to the request of Mr. Kikuchi from the Japanese headquarters, I found 60 electricians to repair the Shimonoseki Power Plant.The workers were unwilling to work for the Japanese because 50 of their fellow workers who had taken refuge in Shimonoseki were brutally shot by Japanese soldiers. On December 22, Mr. Fitch and I saw 30 Chinese in civilian clothes tied up and killed before being thrown into the water (pond) in the so-called safe zone on Yunnan Road.Kroeger and Mr. Hartz reported that about 500 civilians were shot in a similar manner outside Hansi Gate.I estimate that between 5,000 and 6,000 people were killed in such brutality, all of them desperate and defenseless.

From December 27th to 30th, according to the request of the Japanese embassy, ​​Gao Yu, a police officer of the Japanese consulate, and I drove to check 40 German residences, most of which were robbed.Except for the residence of the German ambassador, all the servants and caretakers in the houses outside the security zone have run away. The houses of the company (Harmon), Sperling, Eckert, Kisling-Baader's pastry shop and Hempel's restaurant, the last four houses were completely burned down.In the Fuchang Hotel, where the Germans also had shares, the safe was broken open, and drinks, beds, quilts, clothes, silver tableware, etc. on the entire floor were taken away.Japanese police officers took notes everywhere about the state of the house.My private house was also robbed, wooden boxes and suitcases were forcibly broken open, and all my winter and summer clothes and supplies were stolen.The residences of Zenchek, Lindemann, Busser, and Ust located on Central Road were looted.I told Mr. Gao Yu, a Japanese police officer, that I can swear that most of the houses were still intact when the Japanese troops first entered.

On December 29th, I found 25 workers to repair the water plant. On January 3, 1938, some houses already had electricity and water. In more than 80 cases, I was sought by Chinese civilians to drive out Japanese soldiers who broke into houses in the safe zone and raped women and girls.I don't have any trouble doing this kind of thing. On New Year's Day, a few Japanese soldiers had fun.The mother of a beautiful girl called me and knelt down crying begging me to help her.She and I drove to a house near Hankou Road.When I entered the house, I saw the following: a naked Japanese soldier lying on top of a young, beautiful girl, crying out in grief.I yelled at this guy in various languages, wished him "Happy New Year", and he ran out in a hurry, pants still in his hand.All these cases, including robberies, were reported and kept in the files of the International Commission, where they are always available for consultation. Today, nearly a month and a half later, there is still no calm, the looting continues, and the houses are still burned... Refugees living in the so-called safe zone cannot return to their destroyed or partially burned houses to go. The newly established "Self-government Committee" can only rely on the Japanese, but the Japanese themselves don't know or don't want to know how to solve the problems of food and housing for these refugees. The International Committee is a purely non-government organization that has nothing to do with politics. Its general principle used to be and has always been to support civilians who have been damaged by war and are still suffering. I have briefly described several incidents concerning the brutality of Japanese soldiers.On the flagpoles on the roofs of most Germans, swastika flags fly proudly high in the wind, and German notices in three languages, as well as notices from the Japanese embassy, ​​are posted on the doors.It was in these houses that Koyu, a police officer at the Japanese consulate, and I witnessed the frantic destruction wrought by soldiers of a so-called friendly nation.In any case I could write several worthwhile reports, for which I am always ready. Greetings from Germany.Long live Hitler! Signed: Edward Sperling situation report January 22, 1938 The Nanjing Safety Zone International Committee is currently undertaking the function of a relief committee to protect the interests of 250,000 residents in the city.Most of the refugees (at least 90 percent) still lived in the safe zone, because they feared that their homes outside the safe zone would be entangled by Japanese soldiers running around in the streets, or even burned.Some who had returned home also returned to safety due to Japanese rape.The residents seem to be preparing to settle down and spend the winter here, with no intention of moving out.Despite the small space and the rules that no furniture should be brought into the safe zone (as it was expected that the refugees might return home in a week or two), many people are now bringing furniture in so as not to be destroyed. There are only two foreign doctors in the city, so in the event of an infectious disease, there is little hope of treatment.So far, it is luck that there is no outbreak.We offered two more doctors and two nurses, but our request to allow him to enter Nanjing was denied.The University Hospital (Drum Tower Hospital) was full of seriously injured civilians, and a considerable number of pregnant women, who belonged to the poorest classes, had recently been brought here.Now a few cases of diphtheria have been found, and the current cold and humid weather has caused many people to catch a cold.The increase in disease should be expected. Currently, the International Committee has 25 refugee shelters with a total of 60,000 people.They were scattered among public buildings and schools within the safe zone.Among them, the largest ones are located in: Jinling University Affiliated High School, 15,000 people; the Old Ministry of Communications, 12,000 people; Jinling University Refugee Shelter, 6,000 people; Jinling Women's College of Arts and Sciences, 5,500 people. Since a large number of refugees flooded into the safe area before the Japanese army entered the city, causing chaos in the area, it was impossible to open porridge factories in all refugee shelters.For this reason we had to decide to distribute free rations to those refugees who had nothing.Those porridge factories and ration distribution stations under the leadership of the Red Swastika Society and the Red Cross Society provided food for 50,000 people every day, and distributed porridge or cooked rice for free.Taking this opportunity, I have to mention a small Japanese team with approval. It donated more than 2,000 bags of rice to the Red Swastika Society. This kind of assistance is too valuable. In the beginning, the International Committee sold rice and the money was used to buy food reserves for penniless refugees.The original plan was that once the situation stabilizes and private grain stores open, we will stop selling.Since the Self-Government Council intends to open a rice store on January 10, we have suspended the sale of rice reserves for the Relief Fund on the same day.However, two days later, the Japanese stopped supplying grain and rice to the stores opened by the Self-government Committee, and rice sales in the safe zone were also completely banned thereafter.A week later, the Self-Government Committee was granted permission to open two rice shops in the south of the city, a mile from the southern end of the security zone.Even so, residents from the above-mentioned areas are still afraid to go home.Due to the presence of the Japanese army, stability and order have not yet been restored there.In total, the Japanese provided only 2,200 sacks of rice and 1,000 sacks of flour to the Self-Government Committee.It is estimated that in order to provide food for 250,000 people, 1600 bags of rice are needed every day.Refugees have so far lived off their reserves, which are about to run out.If decisive and careful preventive measures are not taken as soon as possible to solve the supply of food, rice and fuel for the residents, then the famine and all the serious consequences brought about by it are foreseeable.International committees attempted to purchase food stored outside Nanking or in Shanghai to stockpile the relief fund, but all these efforts were also thwarted by Japanese authorities. The International Committee's funds were readily available to purchase food and fuel, but all that was missing was permission from Japan.Today we feed 50,000 people, and we currently have enough food to last those 50,000 people for less than 30 days.Our request to Shanghai to purchase additional grain worth 50,000 yuan has been quickly answered, but at present we have not received permission from the Japanese side for shipment.And if the international committee is not allowed to buy food directly, there is only one way to go: to distribute relief cash to refugees.However, I am not optimistic about this approach, because it will greatly increase the workload of our management, although there seems to be no other way to solve some problems. A sub-committee, the so-called "Restoration Committee", worked out plans to help the refugees return to their places of origin, above all to allow them to engage in certain businesses.The issue has become urgent since the Japanese army systematically burned three-quarters of the city's shops on December 19.The following events illustrate the situation.There is a family who makes a living by weaving carpets all year round and runs their own business alone. On the night of January 1, his house was burned down by the Japanese army, his clothes were burned, and all his money was robbed by Japanese soldiers.How can a family of 8 who have been ransacked like this help them start a new life?We distribute grain and rice to them for free, and the best help we can give them is cash, because we have no business to introduce them to, except for setting up some small stalls on the roadsides of Shanghai Road and Ninghai Road.All the inhabitants subsist on a bare minimum here with what they bring.We hope to start agricultural production in the spring.This of course depends on whether those farmers who have even abandoned their own small vegetable gardens in the city can safely start production after returning. Another problem facing the Restoration Committee is caring for widows and orphans.The results of the first temporary investigation showed that 420 women's husbands were killed by the Japanese in Jinling Women's College of Arts and Sciences alone.Many civilians lost their lives because they were suspected by the Japanese to be Chinese soldiers in civilian clothes.Some poor people were still registered with the Japanese, and were taken away under the guarantee of their wives and family members. Speaking of resuming production, it is a pity that the International Committee does not have a special fund to provide loans for those who want to open.Some refugees have relatives who live in other places in China and have income. For such refugees, the committee cannot lend them money.Some Chinese organizations in Shanghai and other cities will conduct a series of promotional activities to help their compatriots in Nanjing. It was impossible to reunite families or return refugees to their hometowns without the permission of the Japanese authorities in Nanking to freely enter and exit Nanking. One day, the new Food Commissioner of the Self-Government Council, Mr. Chengtian Wang, known to everyone as "Jimmy", and Mr. Charles Riggs, the head of the transportation department of our council, will write a thrilling story about their tireless efforts. Do everything possible to get permission from the Japanese to deliver more rice, flour and coal to the residents of the city.The transport was first directed by Mr. Riggs himself, then by a consulate policeman: now by a guard from the Japanese Secret Service.The Japanese destroyed most of the trucks and other vehicles in the city in the first week after entering the city, and spare parts were nowhere to be found, which made it very difficult for us to deliver food and fuel.At the same time, hundreds of Japanese trucks were scattered in the streets. There is now electricity in selected buildings, and water from the city waterworks is sometimes available at the lower taps.The phone doesn't work yet.According to some people from the Japanese army and the Japanese embassy, ​​there are neither restaurants where you can have a good meal, nor places where you can go for entertainment.The prosperity of Nanjing in the past has been reduced to ashes.Now people can see the residents of Nanjing digging up items that can be sold in the ruins in exchange for food. If the labor of the coolies serving the Japanese army can be established on a certain basis of commodity exchange, then the residents of the city can still have a small source of income.Some of the talkative soldiers gave the coolies who worked for them their due food, and a few even paid them a small amount.Hopefully this is a good sign that things are getting better day by day. No. 3 Pingcang Lane, Nanjing January 22, 1938 Dear Mr. Boynton: This letter was brought to Shanghai by Mr. Christian Kroeger in the envelope of the American embassy.Mr. Kroeger was the first foreigner who was allowed to leave Nanking by the Japanese besides Lovett Fraser and Mr. Shen Erze.Mr. Kroeger has worked for the safe zone since its inception.His job is the treasurer of the security zone, but he is involved in many aspects of work.Before the fall of the city, he risked Japanese air raids to help transport grain and rice reserves into safe areas, and then participated in the transportation until he was unable to do this work due to burns on his hands.He traveled the farthest of us, in and out of town.So there is no doubt that he can tell you some interesting details. I suggest that you organize a luncheon or a meeting with interested friends such as Reese, Pettit, Wilbur, Walling, Chancellor, Timberley, Morris, Baker, gentlemen .You can ask Mr. Kroeger to give a briefing, and you can also take this opportunity to ask him questions.Mr. Kroeger's introduction will definitely help you understand the Japanese better. If you get permission to ship your food to Nanking, Mr. Kroeger as an employee of Lihe & Co. will be happy to help.However, we would like to draw your attention to the fact that Mr. Kroeger will leave Shanghai in about two weeks for Hong Kong. Thank you in advance for everything you will do for Mr. Kroeger. Sincerely, kind regards your faithful Signed: SC Smythe Nanjing Safety Zone International Committee No. 5 Ninghai Road, Nanjing January 22, 1938 To Mr. CL Boynton National Church of Christ Shanghai Dear Mr. Boyne: We would like to introduce you to Mr. Christian Kroeger, Treasurer of the International Committee.He will inform you about the difficulties and lack of supplies that we have encountered in the process of aiding.Mr. Kroeger is happy to assist you in your efforts to help the people of Nanjing. During his stay in Nanjing, Mr. Kroeger worked for Lihe Matheson Co., Ltd., and is now returning to Shanghai by order of the company. It is a pity that Mr. Kroeger has left Nanjing.However, he is very willing to help in all aspects, so he will also help us during our stay in Shanghai.It would be very welcome if you could replace him with someone capable and capable. We ask you to introduce Mr. Kroeger to all organizations interested in the work of the Nanking Relief Fund. Thank you in advance. Sincerely, kind regards Signed: SC Smythe Nanjing Safety Zone International Committee, No. 5, Ninghai Road, Nanjing, January 22, 1938, to Mr. John M. Allison, Secretary of the American Embassy in Nanjing Dear Mr. Allison: At noon today you mentioned to me the phone call to Mr. Boynton on January 18. In this regard, I would like to make the following explanations about our existing large grain reserves: On December 1, 1937, when the Nanjing Municipal Government granted our committee the authority to manage the safety zone, it provided us with 30,000 tans (24,000 bags) of rice and 20,000 bags of flour (50 pounds each).Before the arrival of the Japanese, we brought in about 8,800 sacks of rice and 1,000 sacks of flour.Although we protested in our letter of December 14, 1937, the remaining 15,000 bags of rice and 19,000 bags of flour were confiscated by the Japanese.Regarding the transfer of this batch of grain reserves, we have a special document from the former municipal government. In addition, at the time of the handover, we were also told that the Chinese army had stored 100,000 tans of rice in the city and its suburbs.In addition, there are large rice reserves in private hands, such as the Shanghai Commercial Savings Bank.We've been in touch with them about the purchase. Therefore, it is obvious that there is indeed a large amount of rice and noodles reserves here. Based on this, it is estimated that the Japanese authorities can meet the needs of the Chinese people. Hope the above instructions are helpful to you. forever faithful to your Signed: Lewis SC Smythe secretary Nanjing Safety Zone International Committee No. 5 Ninghai Road, Nanjing January 22, 1938 To Mr. CL Boynton National Church of Christ Shanghai Dear Mr. Boynton: You have received numerous telegrams and letters from Mr. Fitch and myself, but as yet there has not been a single full report of the present state of affairs.View as the following report, so that you have a precise understanding of our work.Mr. Kroeger will go to Shanghai shortly to forward this letter.He will provide further clarification if you wish.In the past 6 weeks, we have really gotten to know the Japanese army.Mr. Kroeger will also report to you about this. Today Mr. Fitch has letters from you and Mr. Fon Seck, and Mr. Mills has a letter from Mr. Walling, forwarded by Mr. Daomai.We appreciate your notification.Mr. Wolin told us that the American Advisory Committee provided 25,000 yuan to aid Nanjing.This is really welcome for us. When we asked you to negotiate with the Japanese side on the issue of shipping food to Nanjing, I realized that this request is almost impossible to achieve.The Japanese simply rejected our request.At this time, we don't know any other way out.All three embassies are ready to take indirect or semi-official steps on this issue, but have not had the opportunity so far.A detailed report has been sent to the US State Department.It is said that official action is taken only as a last resort, that is to say, in the event of a hunger uprising.But such a development is something we want to avoid at all costs.So we immediately applied to the Japanese to provide more rice and noodles to the self-government committee.Because when the Japanese announced their refusal to transport food, they stated that the Japanese army would take on the responsibility of feeding the Chinese residents. The 1,000 pounds of cod liver oil ordered in the Jan. 21 telegram were part of our additional food order for the 15,000 children under the age of 10 living in refugee shelters.We all know that there will be difficulties in the distribution and administration of medicines, but nevertheless it can be very helpful and productive.Although the price of Chinese cabbage is 10 times the usual price, we can still buy it, but our own reserves will soon run out. Please tell us (by telegram if possible) how cod-liver oil is administered and distributed in the refugee shelters in Shanghai. 1. To whom? 2. How to distribute? 3. How to make refugees receive and use medicines? 4. What is the effect? Mr. Allison of the American embassy has been running for doctors and nurses to enter Nanjing.Today the Japanese provided us with several military doctors. Although this is generally beneficial to our daily work in the refugee shelter and safe zone, it was still rejected by the Gulou Hospital.Mr. Allison suggested that once our doctors and nurses were allowed to enter Nanjing, they could come here by train.You might be able to help there, he thought. You must have been overwhelmed with our orders and requests for the 11th, 15th, 18th and 21st.You must also believe that we are not ignorant of the difficulty of your work.But we still hope that through your efforts in Shanghai and ours here, we can find a way to save the situation here.News has come from Tokyo that our reports to Washington, Berlin, and London have already had some effect. As a result of our protest through Washington, orders have been issued in Tokyo to reorganize the Japanese forces here, and it is promised that this will be done within three or four days.Only when order is restored in the city and the food supply is unimpeded can we carry out rescue work with vigor.In addition to some personal groceries, we also ordered the following items: 100 tons of broad beans; 1,000 lb bulk cod liver oil; 200,000 units of diphtheria antivenom (ordered from the international medical team); 200 lbs of bandage gauze. According to Domey, the diphtheria serum could have been shipped today.Unfortunately, this issue was not clearly stated in Wilson's report at noon today. Regarding the issue of sending money here, it is not important at the moment.We have plenty of money at the moment, and besides, we can't buy food at all right now.We are constantly working to find ways to get more rice, flour, grain and coal for the relief work. Many of our families stranded here have lost everything (some families in the refugee shelter of Jinling Women's College of Arts and Sciences live on free rations, and they say they also have rich relatives in other places).If Mr. Qi and other Chinese in Shanghai are able to provide loans or advances to these families to rebuild and restore their lives, now may be the time to send the cash here.But at the moment, we prefer to buy food in Shanghai and ship it here instead of sending money.If there ever comes a day when we have to make the decision to hand out large amounts of money for aid purposes instead of food, then of course more cash will be needed.Before notifying you of any changes, please keep the raised funds for us in Shanghai for our use. We have spoken to Mr. Prideaux-Bron about your proposal, and he has agreed that we may obtain a loan from the English fund should the situation worsen.If money is needed, we will formally apply to him in writing at that time. It is also mentioned in our situation report that the place is small and crowded.The private houses in the new housing complex are full of refugees, as are the other houses in the safe zone.The rest of the city was deserted.Some people return to their original residence during the day to guard against local thieves.Since the Japanese took what they wanted, the thieves also started looting 10 days ago, which they called "rescue operation".These people who go back to watch their homes during the day go back to the safe zone at night.Some families planned to move back to live permanently, but most of them came back soon, and according to them, they were brutally abused by the Japanese army. You've probably noticed that our estimate of residents in the area has gone from 200,000 to 250,000.We've never done precise statistics.The number registered by the Japanese is 160,000, which does not include children under 10 years old (usually a quarter of the number), and because the Japanese are tired of registering, some of them are girls under 17 years old and 30 years old. The above women were also not registered at all.Therefore, 250,000 is not so much an overestimate as an underestimate, and the total number may be 300,000. your faithful Signed: SC Smythe Christian Kroeger really left for Shanghai at 6:00 this morning.According to Hartz (who was allowed to drive Kroeger to the train station), Kroeger had to board an open car with a large group of Japanese soldiers, Hartz told me.If it were me, I would refuse to go to Shanghai like this; if it had to be like this, I would rather not go.In this season, with such a long journey, and in an open car, anyone can catch a bad cold.But Chrisan had to taste it this time. Sindberg made another trip to the city center and brought 6 eggs and 20 live ducks, 3 of which died because they couldn't survive the hours at work.The chef said: "It doesn't matter, you can still eat it." A while ago, I always ate Chinese cabbage and roasted bacon, but now I will definitely feel that it tastes good when I eat roast duck. Mr. Gao Yu came to my office and brought 8 policemen, who seemed very annoyed.The U.S. embassy said in a cable to Washington that a piano had been stolen from an American school a few days earlier.Now the police station has received an order from Tokyo, demanding that the piano must be returned to Zhao intact.But no one knows where this instrument is now, it may have been taken to light a fire for warmth.I invited these people out, I don't want to get entangled in this kind of thing. At 16:30, pray in Pingcang Lane.Mr. Mills' speech was very well delivered.He repeatedly mentioned Germany and the Führer, and the Führer's efforts for peace. At 18:00, visit Dr. Rosen.Today he made a long circle around the city gates and brought back news that the golf club had been completely burned down. At 19:00, we held a banquet in Pingcang Lane to celebrate the 55th birthday of our Director-General, Mr. Fitch.My gift to Fitch was two live ducks.But they are very thin, and the poor poultry haven't eaten for a long time. At 21:45, I received good news from the broadcast of the National Church of Christ in Shanghai (see attachment). A Shanghai Rescue Nanjing Committee was established there and 200,000 yuan had been raised.Large donations were also raised in London. General Gao's male servant suddenly appeared, and he said that he had no food to eat.I gave him 5 yuan.According to him, his master has gone to Hankow. The Safety Zone Committee would like to call Shanghai Siemens Co., Ltd. (China) through the Christian Church and ask for permission for me to stay here until March 1.So I temporarily withdrew my written application to the Japanese embassy for a travel passport. Radio report from the National Church of Christ (NCC) in Shanghai, at 21:45 on January 23, 1938 Yangzhou is stable and orderly.The Chinese are treated well. Africa, Belgium, Australia, New Zealand, GW Sheppard and Doty in Melbourne, the UK, the US and Malaya all expressed sympathy for Chinese Christians and suffering China. New Zealand's Dobby (former Booker's representative) will raise £10,000.London's Mayor's Fund has now raised more than £80,000. 约翰R.莫特和悉尼·甘布尔主持美联邦基督教理事会的募捐活动，所得捐款8.7万元已汇往中国。 现有26名学生就读于闽南神学院。 福建教会大学照常上课。 郑州：据1月前寄出的一封信说，答应提供的救济金已经到达。医院无偿收治了50名外来患者并建立了澡堂和除虱间，同时还向病人发放衣服和救济金。 长沙的里斯和郑在克普勒的陪同下已动身去汉口。 南京：菲奇先生上周来电求助5万元。我们的捐款已达20万元。南京的来信约有100封，信中报道了那里骇人听闻的状况。难民总数达到25万人，其中有3万人在金陵大学。粥厂每天免费向5万人施粥，然而储备即将消耗殆尽。日本人总共只从大量的储备当中拿出2200袋米、1000袋面粉用于销售，而每天的实际需求估计就要1600袋米。南京方面也请求我们把食品从上海发船运往南京，但是我们至今未获日方的运进许可。我们能做到的只是通过多迈寄送一些小批量的私人物品。一批鱼肝油和绷带纱布已备齐，准备用船运至大学（鼓楼）医院。上海救援南京委员会于星期五下午成立。名誉主席团：约翰C.福格森，WW任，翟明则（音译），WF罗伯茨。主席：PF普赖斯和一名中国人（姓名没听清楚）。委员会成员还包括4位曾在南京居住过的传教士（未提及他们的姓名）。 上海电台，1938年1月23日22点10分 汉口正在大规模备战。日军在津浦线已逼近明光。中方在芜湖方面继续进攻，阵地沿含山至合肥一线展开。日本军舰在芜湖遭中国飞机的袭击。双方正准备在徐州打一个大的战役。中方拥有从广西精选的5个精锐师以及强大的、装备有现代化武器和40架高速战机的中央军的若干个师。 《曼彻斯特卫报》说：“没有一支军队会喜欢别人报道它的恶行，但绝没有权力禁止新闻监督。”田伯烈先生（《曼彻斯特卫报》记者）欲采访日军司令部，遭到日本人阻止。人们希望，外国诸强在新闻监督的问题上不要作出让步。 美国驻日本大使馆在东京强烈要求日方采取措施控制南京的混乱局面。上个星期曾报道，日军粗暴地进入美国辖区。华盛顿政府圈内人士真正地感到了不安，因为日方自“帕奈号事件”之后曾明确保证尊重美国未来在华的利益。日军军官及日本大使馆官员均拜会了南京的美国大使馆，澄清事件，并就将要采取的一些措施进行了协商。据报道，日本人虐待中国妇女，10名妇女被强行带走。这已不是有关于此的第一篇报道了，它证实了此前有关日军士兵强奸中国妇女的报道。因此华盛顿政府的官员们不再对中国拒绝日方的和平提议而感到意外了。 致博因顿上海全国基督教总会 贵会昨晚的广播消息令我们非常振奋。对于筹集款项以及帮助建立上海救援南京基金会的诸位先生致以我们诚挚的谢意。同样，衷心地感谢你们寄来了鱼肝油和绷带纱布。请妥善保管在上海的基金以备我们使用。你们的帮助，使我们有能力缓解此处的困境。请您尽可能通过磋商，能够获准船运食品；再就是医生和护士的入城许可，这里平民需要他们的照料。我们在此也继续努力促成此事。 请尽快装船发运100吨蚕豆。我们在这里努力敦促日本人增加发放米、面以及燃煤的数量。不知您在那里能不能在这方面帮些忙？ 免费发放口粮的需求越来越大，因为私人储备已消耗殆尽了。关于斯迈思博士22日信中所谈问题，我们想就邮汇贷款一事（收款人由您推荐）和您的上海救援南京基金会统一行动。 我们恳请贵基金会，向贵处的西门子洋行（中国）提出请求，允许约翰·拉贝先生作为国际委员会的主席至少继续工作至3月1日。 Signed: Fitch 1938年1月24日15时 我们在这里变得堕落、没有骨气，丧失了正直的人格。帕特南·威尔（伦诺克斯·辛普森）在他的关于1900年围困北京的书中（《北京信札》）毫不隐讳地说道，他和另外的一些欧洲人也干过抢劫的勾当。我想，我们也好不到哪儿去。我的男佣张今天花了1元2角钱就买了一台台式电风扇（价值约38元），非让我也跟着高兴不可。一些明代花瓶真品只卖1元钱一个。它们放在壁炉台上，仿佛在用责备的眼光看着我。只要我高兴，我可以把整所房子用各种各样稀奇古怪的玩意儿塞满，这些东西都是偷来的，价格之低如同破烂。现在贵的东西只有食品，一只母鸡要2元钱，也就是说抵得上两只明代花瓶。 今天我还去了精英美发厅。两台电动烫发器还在那儿，只是不能确定是否完好无损（我上次理下来的头发早就夹在西门子的账簿里当书签了）。其余的物件都遭到了损坏或是不见了踪影。理发的靠背椅只剩下了3张，其中一张摆在院子里。但是坐垫已被掠走，就是说椅子不能用了。屋里的窗帘也不在了，门窗也被打破。中山路西侧的许多房屋已经在火海中化为废墟，而这所房子未被烧毁已是奇迹了。根据抢劫的状况来看，这所房子太应该烧毁了！ 22点10分，广播里没有克勒格尔先生到达上海的消息。但愿他已经挺过了这艰难的旅途。 从长沙的广播里传来消息，日军在南京的暴行在那里已广为人知。 高玉先生今天又到了我们的总部，并且带了一名会说中文的级别较高的警官。高玉在一个大学难民收容所找寻女孩子的时候被贝茨博士当场抓住。他解释说，他要找几个女洗衣工和女厨子。这当然没人会信，因为在远东众所周知，洗衣和烧饭在中国是男仆们做的事儿。高玉要求恢复他的“好名声”。斯迈思博士记录下了整个谈话并向他指出，他肯定要把此事通知各大使馆，这当然不合高玉的心意。他明确地提请我们注意，不要打扰大使馆，随后便沮丧地离开了这里。这件事着实让总部的全体人员幸灾乐祸了一番！ 约翰·马吉把一封信和一把日本步枪刺刀放在我面前的办公桌上。信中说，一名日军士兵用这把刀威胁一名中国妇女，当我们委员会的3名成员撞见他的时候，他撇下刺刀不要了。斯迈思兴奋地记下了整个事件，随即通报了美国大使馆，因为目击者是美国人。美国大使馆的阿利森先生为我们提出了抗议，对此我们非常高兴。阿利森先生无法摆脱对日本人行为的震惊，罗森博士给他起了个绰号——“仙境中的阿利森”，这个谑称在此一直被引为笑料。 约翰·马吉把外交部医院的一男一女两名中国护理人员带到总部来。据他们说，该医院的一名勤杂工被一名日军士兵刺死。我们仔细询问了这两人，并把他们的述词写进了机密档案。此外我们还让他们介绍了军政部医院的情况，看来那里也很糟。 南京安全区国际委员会 关于南京外交部红十字医院事件的机密档案 南京，1938年1月25日 1月22日23时，3名日军士兵出现在外交部医院的3楼过道上寻找姑娘。由于她们都躲了起来，所以没有找到。 第二次，那是1月23日凌晨4时，又有一名日军小个子士兵出现在3楼的过道上，他的肩章上有一颗星，手执刺刀，皮带上别着左轮手枪。他叫来了医院的勤杂工，逼迫他去寻找姑娘。勤杂工非常害怕，因为他发现了这名士兵手上和刺刀上的血迹。当他走出房间时发现了医院里另一名勤杂工的尸体，看起来是被这名士兵杀害的。于是他领着这名士兵上了4楼，在后者的威胁下，打开了几个女护士的卧室门。屋里有5个姑娘，她们应声赶紧穿上衣服。房门一打开，其中3个马上逃进厕所并将门反锁。其余2个姑娘没有逃掉，于是日本兵便向她俩扑去。她们此时也发现了士兵手上和刺刀上沾有血迹，于是便迷惑他，让他跟她们进后面的房间。那儿住着常泽德（音译）大夫，姑娘们希望他能保护并救得了她们。当士兵看见里屋里有张床时非常满意。这时常大夫走了过来，同时也看清日本兵手上和刺刀上沾满了血。此时他也意识到了危险，于是扯下袖章，证明他是国际红十字会的医生。日本兵一把夺过袖章扔在地上。医生随后在一张纸上写道：“请您明天来，我们会考虑您的愿望。”日本兵答道：“你们的人在上海杀了我1500个朋友，如果你现在不满足我的愿望，我就杀了你。明天我就要回上海了。”医生拿上衣服穿好，说道：“这些姑娘都病了，跟我走，我替你找几个长得漂亮的。”于是日本兵放了这两个姑娘，随着医生穿过许多房间，最后进了一间男人住的房间。日本兵掀起了一张床上的被子，当发现床上躺的是一名男子时火冒三丈。隔壁房间住的是妇女，日本兵想打碎玻璃门，把她们弄到手。医生提醒他，这样会把手弄伤的。他想想也就作罢了。医生领着他穿过对面的房门，那是院长屠大夫的房间。屠大夫对他们的到来非常气愤，他让常大夫把日本兵带到曹大夫那里，说他会说日语。于是日本兵和常大夫来到曹大夫的房间。曹大夫向日本兵解释，医院受日方的保护，绝不允许任何人侵扰。曹大夫和常大夫把这名闯入者送下了楼。日本兵发现自己被人当猴儿耍了，气得要命，临走时还煞有介事地用刺刀吓唬了常大夫。曹、常两位大夫下楼时，那名勤杂工的尸体已经被抬走了，但是还能看得见水泥地上的血迹。 关于外交部红十字医院状况的机密档案 南京，1938年1月25日 1.病员： 医院里有300多名病员，全是受伤的中国士兵，其中的50人～60人已痊愈，但不允许离开医院。 2.工作人员： 中国女护士21名 中国男护理员40名 中国勤杂工70名～80名 中国医生约20名 日本军医2名 日本男护理员4名 3.食品供给： 中方工作人员每日两餐，分别在10时和16时，吃的是米饭和极少量的大白菜。只有屠大夫吃得稍好些。在中国医生当中，他有两个朋友，有时也会邀他们一起用餐。病员也是一日两餐，用餐时间相同，只有3碗很稀的粥。 4.病员的治疗： 根据传到我们这里的消息说，医生听任日本人惩罚病员，其中一些人甚至被日本人绑走了。原先的病员肯定要比现在多得多，但是具体数目已无法确定。当红十字会接管这家医院时，地下室里有很多尸体，其中一部分已掩埋在亭子附近。此外还有人向我们报告说，许多病员在此期间已经死去，还有些人翻过外交部的院墙逃走了。 军政部红十字医院状况 一星期前还约有200名病员住在军政部医院。过去每天有3名外交部医院的女护士在日军士兵的带领下来到该院，最近一次是在一星期前。该院的状况据说很糟糕。伤员就躺在地上，除了一名中国医生之外再无其他人照顾他们。女护士只在换绷带时才来一下。 美国海军电报发自：上海，1938年1月23日发至：南京，1938年1月24日大使馆（美国） 致特里默大夫（鼓楼医院） 日本军方宣称，南京各医院的状况令人满意，病人在不断减少，病人在日军控制的医院里受到了适当的照顾，因此不需向那里派遣医护人员。我们急需有关目前医护人员、病员的准确报告，并了解与过去相比而言的需求状况。在我们为需增加的人员向日方提出进入南京的申请时，将附上这些报告。——汤姆森 Signature: Gauss 致克劳德·汤姆森电，上海 您23日的电报已收到。 需外科治疗的病员逐渐减少，然而其他疾病以及产科病人却大大增加！因此现在比任何时候都需要增加人手。原先我们这里有42名经考试合格的女护士、50名见习护士（女大学生）、4名美国医生、19名中国医生，现在仅有14名经考试合格的中国女护士、1名美国女护士、3名学历较低的中国医生及2名美国医生。由于目前人手短缺，医院只能维持极少的临床门诊，25个难民收容所中的6万人没有临床治疗（重复一遍：一点也没有）一些难民收容所令人感动地腾出了房间供分娩用，只是没有医生和护士。医院只能收治一些危重的病人，而同时却有大批病号躺在大学的寝室里。我们至少需要2名美国医生及2名美国女护士。布雷迪可以来，其余的人则需要熟悉中国的情况并懂中文。经过认真调查，我们不得不遗憾地报告，我们不能确定（重复一遍：不能），日军对城中的25万平民正在采取或已采取了哪些医疗措施。而且我们对他们针对南京平民做了哪些重要的医疗工作并且在医院方面做了哪些工作一无所知。您一旦获得批准，请即为2名医生和2名护士办理通行证。非常感谢您的帮助。 签名：特里默大夫 南京，1938年1月25日10时30分 situation report （195）1月17日，金陵大学附属中学难民收容所中的一位妇女和家中的一名男子回到自己城南的原住处，这个地区刚刚开放。一名日军士兵闯入屋内，欲对该妇女施暴。她自卫的时候被该日本兵用刺刀杀害。 (Bates) （196）1月19日，日本领事馆警官高玉来到大学附中物色6名洗衣女工。同往常一样，他被告知，如果有妇女自愿报名，我们没有意见。可高玉提出，只有年轻妇女才在考虑范围之内。当被问及为何要年轻妇女而不是更适于洗衣的其他人时，答复是：她们还得长得漂亮。 (Bates) （197）1月20日，一群住在大学附中的人去升州路买米，途中遭日军士兵拦截，钱被抢走。 （198）1月19日，一位与福斯特先生及我合住在同一栋房子里的尼姑说，她昨天获悉，她的叔父（姓朱，65岁）在去日本人指定地点买米的途中遭多名日本士兵抢劫并被刺死。此事约发生在一星期前，其叔父外出未归，当时无人知晓他发生了什么事。 (Maggie) （199）1月20日，马吉先生报告说，中国伤兵在外交部红十字医院每天只能得到3碗稀粥，其中一名伤兵向一名日本军官（或一名医生？）抱怨，这名军官便揍了他一顿。伤兵继续表示抗议，日本兵便把他带出去用刺刀刺死。 (Maggie) （300）又有妇女从金陵女子文理学院的难民收容所被人带走。 (Watling) （201）1月20日，有3名妇女从金陵神学院被人带走。 (Thorn) （202）1月18日，中华路基督教女中的一架钢琴被盗，窃贼是穿过院墙上的窟窿把钢琴搬走的（所谓的“钢琴穿墙事件”）。 (McCallum) （203）1月20日15时，2名日军士兵闯入基督教女中的寝室。他们离开后，一名校工在房间里发现了点燃的纸。 (McCallum) 附言：昨晚6时左右，菲奇先生及本人去升州路查看由自治委员会经营的新米店。我们发现米店还在开门营业。在前一天日本兵3次试图窃取店里的钱，于是店里的人转而这样干：在其他地方出售购米券，把钱送回办公室，在第三地供货。这家米店在双塘街上，大约是在被烧毁的卫理公会教堂对面。过去的10天里，日本人交给这家米店500袋米。如果天气不好，日本警察便拒绝送米。自治委员会想在保泰街或其附近再开一家米店。 Signed: Smythe 下面是一件我们未曾报道的事： 一名中国工人给日本人干了整整一天的活，没有领米而是领了钱回到家中。他疲惫地和全家人坐在桌旁，家庭主妇端上了几碗稀粥。一个6口之家只有这么可怜的一顿饭。饭刚端上来，一个路过的日本兵寻开心地向这几只半满的碗里撤了一泡尿，随后笑着扬长而去，未受到任何惩罚。听到这件事，我想起了《别把我们当奴隶》这首诗。但是，我们不可能指望一个贫穷的中国工人能表现得像那些自由的佛里斯兰人一样。中国人遭受了太多的凌辱，长时间以来已经习惯逆来顺受了。这件事未受到重视。如果每起强奸案都能遭到致命的报复，那么相当一部分占领军早就被消灭了。 通过德国大使馆我收到了下列邮件：妻子1月18日的来信，格蕾特尔于12月26日寄自宾德的信，奥托于11月19日寄自慕尼黑军人路42号的来信以及洋行1月14日编号J24691的来函。妻子说，我现在可以立即返回德国休假，如果我这次不回去，那就要再等5年了。实际上也不至于这么糟。上海的基督教总会正在申请让我留到3月1日，我正在等待答复。恐怕即便到那时候我这儿的工作也不见得能结束。我个人倒是很愿意现在就和妻子一起去度假。说实话，我在中国真待够了。但此时此刻我不能逃之夭夭！ ! 刚才从广播里听到，中国飞机昨天又空袭这里了，共投下了3枚炸弹。由于日本人让我们伤透了脑筋，所以我们对此竟毫无察觉。如果我们听见机关枪响，就会以为是日本人在处决什么人；如果声音比往常更响的话，那多半是哪间着了火的房子的屋架塌了下来。 我刚从中央路回来，在那儿看了一下布瑟先生的住宅。楼上楼下被翻了个遍并遭到了抢劫，但家具大部分还完好，只是一些椅子的坐垫被划开了，可能以为里面有钱。隔壁增切克的住所则被洗劫一空。街上仍然能看到抢劫的士兵，他们让中国苦力拖运赃物。 1938年1月25日22时10分，上海电台消息：克勒格尔先生在敞篷车厢里待了12小时，终于在星期天晚上（1月23日）平安到达上海。