Chapter 13 Chapter Two

Section 1 Bargaining with Sun Yat-sen Historians are often susceptible to "hindsight" interference, leading to anachronism in consciousness.Later, Chiang Kai-shek got lucky because of Sun Yat-sen's promotion, and he repeatedly associated himself with Sun Yat-sen, as if he was Sun Yat-sen's most legitimate and natural successor.Historians look at the past in hindsight, and are blinded by the "future", unable to see the truth of the "previous", so they inevitably misunderstand and exaggerate the relationship between Sun and Jiang. From Sun Yat-sen's point of view, Chiang Kai-shek is of course "his own family", the younger brother of his confidant Chen Qimei... a loyal party member who is willing to take fingerprints and join the Chinese Revolutionary Party, but Chiang Kai-shek is not the only party member who expresses loyalty, let alone another The "Guangdong Gang" of a large group of cronies, so among all the "family members", Chiang Kai-shek is just a young soldier who can be paged, and it is absolutely impossible for him to be "loved by three thousand people".Later, the Kuomintang edited photos to highlight the one-on-one image of Sun Jiang, which was just wishful thinking and "anti-historical" (A-historical) practice.

From the perspective of Chiang Kai-shek, since Chen Qimei's death, he has been directly under Sun Yat-sen.Although Sun Zhi's status is much higher than Chen's, Chen Qimei's close relationship with the big brother from the same hometown is absolutely irreplaceable.Since he was unable to gain a dominant position in Sun Yat-sen's mind, Chiang Kai-shek's attitude towards Sun Yat-sen was either welcoming or refusing during the eight years from Chen Qimei's assassination in 1916 to his formal appointment as the principal of the Whampoa Military Academy in 1924.He was not very enthusiastic about the tasks entrusted to him by Sun Yat-sen, and often deserted. Even under the urging of telegrams, he still traveled around the mountains and rivers, and arrived late.This kind of behavior can be interpreted as a mentality of retreating to advance, and even implies coercion to achieve one's own goals.However, at the same time, we can also gain insight into Chiang Kai-shek's "snobbish" behavior during the eight years of revolutionary depression and Sun Yat-sen's unsatisfactory period.At a critical juncture, he would rather go back to Shanghai to play stocks, or go to Ningbo Tiantong Temple to relax.Let us present historical facts to show the truth.

In 1917, when Li Yuanhong's rebellion was rebelled by the Beiyang "supervisor regiment", Sun Yat-sen took the opportunity to go south to protect the Dharma, accompanied by Zhang Taiyan, Zhu Zhixin, Chen Jiongming and others, without Chiang Kai-shek.Sun went to Guangzhou to form a military government and called him Generalissimo, but he was an empty Generalissimo. Except for a few guards, he had no soldiers.Lu Rongting, the leader of the Guangxi army, and Tang Jiyao, the leader of the Yunnan army, did not buy into the generalissimo's account. In the end, Sun Yat-sen was so angry that he ran back to Shanghai and denounced the southern warlords and the northern warlords as the same breed!

The only gain was that Chen Jiongming took back from Guangdong Governor Zhu Qinglan the thirty battalions that had been handed over after the end of the Anti-Yuan War. (Zhu's reorganization into the 20th Battalion of the Governor's Guard, see Chen Dingyan's "How to Position Chen Jiongming in the History of the Republic of China", "Biographical Literature" No. 378, pages 123-126) This force was established The "Aid Fujian and Guangdong Army" was established, with Chen Jiongming as the commander-in-chief.This was the only gun in Sun Yat-sen's hands. He also intended to expand this army and establish a base in Guangdong, so he appointed Xu Chongzhi as the commander of the second detachment with four battalions, and Deng Keng as the chief of staff.In the second year (1918), a 32-year-old director of the combat department (one called the staff officer of the lieutenant colonel) came to the general headquarters. It was none other than Chiang Kai-shek!

At that time, Chen Jiongming worked hard to cultivate Sun Yat-sen's only gun.Even so, Chen Jiongming persisted.In contrast, Xu Chongzhi, Chiang Kai-shek, Deng Keng and others were not without wavering when they were waiting for change.On December 13, 1918, Sun Yat-sen wrote to Xu Chongzhi and Chiang Kai-shek, exhorting him to "don't quit in a hurry"; he wrote to Deng Keng on the same day, saying that "Brother Wen has the intention of leaving. I think it is not the case.... If you do it, brother Jing (referring to Chen Jiongming) will lose his powerful help, and it will become more difficult in the future." This is the proof.

The "Aiding Fujian and Guangdong Army" swore an oath in Zhangzhou on August 16, 1920, and the whole army returned to Guangdong to seize Guangdong as a base for Sun Yat-sen.Four days later (August 20), we entered Shantou.It is worth noting that when Sun Yat-sen, the only main force, marched into Guangzhou, Chiang Kai-shek himself was not in the army.On August 16th, the day when Chen Jiongming took the oath of office in Zhangzhou, Chiang Kai-shek himself was traveling in the mountains and rivers in his hometown! Mao Sicheng's "Mr. Chiang Kai-shek Fifteen Years Before the Republic of China" clearly stated his whereabouts on this day:

In the evening, the public is by the Feixue Pavilion, leaning against the pine trees on the side of the cliff, and overlooking the Qianzhangyan Waterfall from a bird's eye view.There will be heavy rain, tree ends and heavy springs, splashing beads and spraying jade, the light and color are very strange.Climb to the wonderful high platform, protruding to the south, flying in the air on three sides, but you can see the smallness of the mountains and the fineness of the streams, and the houses under the pavilion (name of the village) are just like. (Volume 3, page 5) On August 18, before Chen Jiongming captured Shantou in Dapu, Chaozhou, and Meixian, Chiang Kai-shek himself was still traveling in his hometown! Mao Sicheng's "Mr. Chiang Kai-shek Fifteen Years Before the Republic of China" clearly stated his whereabouts on this day:

The public explores the hidden pool.The first pool is dark, in the canyon, the diameter is less than ten feet, and the depth is unpredictable.There is a trickle in front of the pool, passing through the second and third pools and entering Daxi.The third pool is a large cave, about two feet wide.There are covers.The cliff is round, open in front, the height can be hundreds of meters, and there is clear turbulence rushing down on the right.Breathtaking. (Volume 3, page 6) While others were fighting in the front, Chiang Kai-shek traveled in the rear and did not return home until August 29th.He didn't take part in the battle in August, nor in the battle in September. He didn't arrive at Laolong's frontline headquarters until October 11, only 18 days away from the capture of Guangzhou (October 29) In other words, Chiang Kai-shek only participated in the last eighteen days of the two-and-a-half-month campaign, and he did not catch up until the last thirteen days (October 16) of the last eighteen days In the last nine days of our army (October 20), because of Xu Chongzhi's "sick leave", he "led the Second Army to fight on behalf of Commander Xu with his personal relationship", and after more than a day (October 22), he won Huizhou.

Because Chiang Kai-shek had the above-mentioned style of "going home at a critical moment", we thoroughly investigated his relationship with Sun Yat-sen, and found that his style is worthy of statistics. The first time—on March 15, 1918, Chiang Kai-shek took office as the director of the Operations Section of the General Headquarters of the "Army to Aid Fujian and Guangdong". March 31) left.On August 2, Deng Keng sent people to Shantou to keep him, but they couldn't keep him; on August 8, Sun Yat-sen sent a telegram to stop him, but it didn't work.On August 18, he returned to Shanghai.Mao Sicheng's "Mr. Chiang Kai-shek Fifteen Years Before the Republic of China" clearly stated his whereabouts on this day:

Returning to Shanghai, the wheel travels steadily.At night, the father confided to the moon, reminiscing about his mother's visit to Zhaobao Mountain when he was young, and the scene of Tiantong Yuwang Zhusheng. (Volume 2, page 52) It was not until September 5 that Chiang Kai-shek stopped running away and left Shanghai.Back to Shantou on September 13th.On September 18, we arrived at Zhangzhou General Headquarters. The second time - on September 26, Chiang Kai-shek was promoted to the commander of the second detachment, and the headquarters was located in Changtai.On December 15th, after losing the battle, he "rushed out of the siege alone". (Volume Two, p. 65) On March 5, 1919, he left the army again, saying that he "asked for leave to return to Shanghai." (Volume Two, Page 71) Returned to Changtai on May 2.On July 4th, he wrote to Deng Keng, saying: "My brother left last year in embarrassment, and returned in embarrassment..." (Volume Two, p. 77), expressing that he did not want to do it anymore.On September 2nd and 5th, he traveled to the mountains and rivers again.On October 28, he went to Japan.

The third time - on April 11, 1920, he returned to Zhangzhou.On April 13, the discussion was held at the General Headquarters.On April 14, the battle plan was drawn up.But on April 16th, he left again and arrived at Gulangyu Island.On April 22, he returned to Shanghai.From June 28th, he traveled to the mountains and rivers, starting from Putuo, and did not return to Ningbo until July 2nd.Come to Shanghai again on July 4th. The fourth time - on July 16, he returned to Zhangzhou General Headquarters.On August 7, he returned to Shanghai.From August 13th, You Xuedou.On August 16, the "Aiding Fujian and Guangdong Army" swore an oath in Zhangzhou, but Chiang Kai-shek was still traveling in the mountains and rivers! On October 11, he returned to the front line.On November 6th, he left a letter and left again. In the letter, he said: "My younger brother neither believed in the chief executive nor forgiven the army commander, but was deceived by [Zhang] Guozhen. He was sincerely suspicious and humiliated by the superior. When you are down, can you shrink back and act according to the opportunity?" (Volume 3, pages 26-27) On November 12, he returned to Shanghai.On November 22, return to Fenghua.On November 23rd, I went to Xuedou Mountain for sightseeing. The fifth time - on November 29, 1920, Sun Yat-sen arrived in Guangzhou and restored the military government.On January 12, 1921, Sun Yat-sen telegraphed Chiang Kai-shek, saying: Jieshi's brother's lesson: help Gui Ke's sunrise division, please come and help quickly.My brother was allowed to go to Guangdong to follow, so don't delay any longer.Hope to reply.Sun Wen.Positive. (Volume 3, pages 54-55) But Chiang Kai-shek is clearly still "delaying".On January 12th, Yang Shukan also sent him a letter. Between the lines, one can see the inside story: Brother Jieshi: ...I heard that my brother came to Shanghai the day before yesterday (February 29th) and returned because he was unhappy reading a certain letter. Fang wanted to write a book to persuade him. ...Mr. Zhongshan's interest in politics has declined. ...I especially want to support Brother Yimian and help him in his career.And see that brother's relationship is more important than ordinary comrades.Mr. Zhongshan is engaged in creation, and he is the pioneer of his elder brother.But if the master lets go, it will be gone, as if he is struggling, and we can bear to stand on the sidelines?Therefore, no matter how you resist, you should do it with patience.At this time, brother, you must not stop shortly. ... When will you come to Guangdong?First of all, I am very lucky.The younger brother's hand can be handed down on January 12th. (Volume Three, Page 55) On January 15th, Shao Yuanchong also sent him a letter, and the inside story could be read between the lines: My brother Jieshi Huijian: ... Now Mr. (referring to Sun Yat-sen) is urging his brother to go to Guangdong, but he can't go too far.Mr. Gai has too few people who can do things sincerely.We can't help but do our best to help. ...Since my brother said that China should undergo major reforms and should undergo thorough reforms, I must have appointed myself as one of the people responsible for the reforms. ... Therefore, we must work hard on our own, and we must work hard for the society.Otherwise, let us all give up, and China will not be a country! Those who really hate society are only those who hate the world and send hermits to commit suicide.Therefore, I hope that the psychology of brother Yi who loathes the Chinese society is to love the society, like a loving mother who still tries her best to influence her unworthy son.This is the attitude we should have.What do you think? ... Brother Yuan Chongdun.On the fifteenth day of January. (Volume 3, pages 55-56) Chiang Kai-shek arrived in Guangzhou on February 6th only after being urged by letters and telegrams.However, only one week later (February 14th), he "returned" and left. (See volume three, p. 62) On March 17, I went to Mount Putuo again for sightseeing. (see volume three, page sixty-nine) The sixth time—on March 29, Sun Yat-sen called Chiang Kai-shek and said: Brother Jieshi's lesson: ...The Western Expedition is very important, everything must be planned in advance, and the brother will proceed faster, fortunately, it is fun to pretend.Sun Wen.Yan. (Volume Three, Page 69) On April 4, Chiang Kai-shek called back and said: There is no time for mobilization, so it is no good to come, and there are many obstacles, so it is temporarily postponed, and it will be returned.Zhongzheng knocked.branch. (Volume Three, Page 70) On April 8, Sun Yat-sen called again and said: Brothers Jieshi, Jingjiang, Jitao, Zhantang, and Zhongkai learned from each other: The meeting was held yesterday, and it was decided that no government should deal with the diplomatic emergency.Wan Duan is waiting for you, and I kindly ask you brothers to come quickly and discuss big plans. Brother Jingwei, if he can be separated, is also hopeful, and there is nothing to look forward to! Wen.Song. (Volume Three, Page 71) On April 21, Sun Yat-sen called Chiang Kai-shek again, saying: Confidential referral to Brother Shi: The military emergency mobilization order was issued yesterday. You (referring to Xu Chongzhi) are recovering from illness, and you must come to plan the assistant. Please answer the call and come quickly.arts.skillful. (Volume Three, Page 72) Before Sun Yat-sen's telegram (April 14), Chen Jiongming also telegraphed Chiang Kai-shek, saying: "Recently, all troops will be sent to the front... The battle is imminent, and I hope you will come quickly." (Page 72) April 2 On the 12th, Xu Chongzhi sent a telegram to Zhang Jingjiang, saying: "Brother Jie's coming to Guangdong is a blessing for our army, and also for our party." (Page 72) On April 24, Hu Hanmin sent a telegram to Zhang Jingjiang, saying : "The attack will start today. Sir (referring to Sun Yat-sen) hopes that brother Jieshi will come. He wants to expand the training of the guard regiment and change the national army to belong to Jieshi." (Page 72) On May 3, Hu Hanmin called Chiang Kai-shek again, saying : "Brother Wang is deeply aware of the difficulties of state affairs and party affairs. He is active and responsible, and he will come when he puts on his clothes." Mao Sicheng's "Mr. Chiang Kai-shek Fifteen Years Before the Republic of China" clearly stated his whereabouts on this day: On this day, I brought my second son, Weiguo, back to be Tiantongzhiyou.At dusk, the boat is released from the Jiangdong Sanyan Bridge, Shaoyan, the moon rises and shakes, the waves are as flat as a mirror, the peaks are reflected, and people are in the painting.Rest at night and spend the day in the Children's Middle School.Just on the Buddhist Festival, pilgrims disturb people.The next morning, I avoided going to Yuwang Temple.Climb Xiaopan Mountain, and then pay a visit to the tomb of Patriarch Maha.After experiencing Dapan Mountain again, I went back to the temple to rest for a while.Come back to the mountain gate and look at it. It is known as Tiantong Panorama, which is the crown of all scenic spots in Siming.The next morning, I visited Gu Tiantong and Bazhi Toutuo Lengxiang Pagoda courtyard.After reading it for four days, he returned to his apartment in Yicheng. (Volume 3, pages 73-74) Chiang Kai-shek finally made the trip on May 10. However, as soon as he arrived in Guangzhou, according to Xu Yulin's "Revolutionary Northern Expedition", Sun Yat-sen's army in the Northern Expedition in 1921 was trapped in Guilin. "At that time, it was "changed Li Liejun as the commander-in-chief of the former enemy in the Northern Expedition, and the President personally led the Northern Expedition of the Yunnan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, and Fuzhou armies accompanying him."At that time, Lu Rongting divided his troops into three groups to attack Guangdong, and Sun Yat-sen's return route was about to be cut off. The situation was critical. Commander-in-Chief Peng Chengwan, Commander of the First Regiment of the Jiangxi Army, Li Mingyang, Commander of the Second Regiment of the Jiangxi Army, and Lai Shihuang, the Commander of the Second Regiment of the Jiangxi Army, hurried back to Guilin from Hunan. Guarding a corner of Guilin, Ma Junwu, the governor of Guangxi, also left Guilin in a hurry to return to Guangdong. On the way, he encountered bandits and fell on the bottom of the boat to avoid death. His property was robbed, and his wife and entourage were all killed by the bandits." Everyone is going to help Sun Zhi. At that time, "Jiang Zhongzheng, Major General of the Second Army, has returned to Shanghai"! According to Mao Sicheng's "Mr. Cantonese, arrive in Guangzhou in the next ten days" (Volume Three, p. 74), the time should be May 15th.But on the 24th day, he had a dream, "Snow covered the mountains and plains, endless white. After waking up, my body was still shivering. Reading this silently must be a bad omen for my mother's illness. Because of the uneasiness, I suddenly returned to Shanghai and returned home." (Volume Three, Page 74)—He's gone again! The seventh time - Chiang Kai-shek's dream of "covering the mountains with snow and boundless whiteness" was not fulfilled by coincidence until twenty days later.On June 14, his mother died.However, funerals are more important than state affairs.On June 23, Sun Yat-sen telegraphed Chiang Kai-shek, saying: Jingcun, you are the enemy who has gone to the front, the military is tight, and you will come to Guangdong as soon as possible, and Mo Jing will join the army.Sun Wen.stem. (Volume 3, page 83) On July 20, Sun Yat-sen called again and said: It took more than a month for the Xikou to defeat the enemy, but it was difficult to deal with it. Our army passed through Suining, and I will go to patrol the next day.Come to help.Sun Wen.Song. (Volume Three, Page 85) Before and after Sun Yat-sen's call, other comrades also sent reminders by letter or telegram.On June 21, Yang Shukan wrote to Chiang Kai-shek: My brother Jieshi: ...My son is filial, fortunately, I am grateful for the change, and don't destroy it too much.The Battle of Guangdong and Guangxi has begun today, and Mo Yu joined the army, and the ancient sages will not be abandoned.If the house is finished, I still hope to comfort the people of the country and comrades. ... My younger brother can't stand it again.June twenty-first. (Volume 3, page 83) On July 27, Shao Yuanchong wrote to Chiang Kai-shek: My brother Jieshi Huijian: ...Reading the obituary in the National Daily, I was shocked to learn that the old aunt had abandoned her foster care the month before last, what a mourning.My brother has been running around for years, and there are not many days to be happy. Now that the country's affairs are uncertain in the autumn, it is conceivable that this is a big reason, and the state of mourning and destruction.However, since we promised our country with our bodies, we can only leave this body to help the country. One is to embody the legacy of the ancestors, and the other is to fulfill the unfinished personal responsibilities.Zhu Xiqiang feels lucky to be sad.It is recently heard that the evils of Guizhou have been swept away one by one.Mr. Sun Fang has affairs in the Central Plains, and he relies heavily on his brother.Once the funeral is ready, Wan Wang will still go to assist him.There are only a few reliable comrades now.We should forgive Mr. for his difficulties in handling affairs, and be responsible.Brother Yuan Chongdun.July 27th. (Volume Three, Page 84) The funeral was held until August 10, and Chiang Kai-shek decided to go to Guangzhou again.However, he passed by Shanghai and stayed for more than ten days when he encountered a "big storm".He had a dream again, so instead of going to Guangzhou, he went back to Fenghua to see his mother's coffin.He didn't go to Guangzhou until September 13th.But at the end of September, he "returned to Shanghai and returned to his hometown" (p. 92). At the end of October, he "passed the Beixi River, explored the four bright stone windows, crept to the top of the mouse tail mountain, and drove down to the northwest" (Vol. 3 , page 95), and traveled in the mountains and rivers in his hometown again. The eighth time—November 9, Sun Yat-sen telegraphed Chiang Kai-shek, saying: Brother Jieshi learned: I plan to go to Guilin with you on the 15th, please come quickly with condolences, and help everything.Sun Wen.numb. (Volume Three, Page 94) On January 18, 1922, Chiang Kai-shek arrived in Guilin.However, in April, he was leaving again.Mao Sicheng's "Mr. Chiang Kai-shek Fifteen Years Before the Republic of China", under the article on April 23, 1922, has this paragraph: On the 23rd, the public arrived in the provincial capital.The prime minister heard that he had a plan to leave, so he drove to the hotel to persuade him to stay.He said, "If you leave at this time, all the functions of me and you will be lost. People have no soul, so what is the use of the body?" Yun Yun.The public felt his words and wept sadly.It is immediately suspended.Afterwards, he decided to resign because he was stimulated and envied by a certain party.It is late to leave Guangzhou. (Volume 4, pages 10-11) On April 28, Chiang Kai-shek returned to Fenghua. At this time, Sun Yat-sen's relationship with Chen Jiongming was deteriorating. After Chiang Kai-shek left, Sun Yat-sen's situation became more and more difficult.On June 2, Sun Yat-sen telegraphed Chiang Kai-shek, saying: Immediately refer to Brother Shi: The Guangdong Bureau is in critical condition, and no one is responsible for the military. Anyway, please come and help me immediately.At the nick of time, there is a boat coming.Hope! Wen.winter. (Volume 4, page 21) But Chiang Kai-shek ignored it.On June 7th, Zhang Ji wrote to Chiang Kai-shek, worrying: "My brother should go out of the mountain as soon as possible and try to consolidate the Guangdong bureau. Sir (referring to Sun Yat-sen) is there no danger when he arrives in Guangzhou? I am in suspense!" (No. Four volumes, page 21) However, Chiang Kai-shek was unmoved.In the middle of the night of June 15th, the so-called "Chen Jiongming Rebellion" finally happened. Dong Xianguang said in "The Biography of President Jiang": It was in such a chaotic political situation that Chen Jiongming realized the coup d'état that he had prepared for a long time but did not dare to implement.On June 16, 1922, the eleventh year of the Republic of China, he ordered the troops stationed at the two mountains of Baiyun Guanyin in the suburbs of Guangzhou to attack the presidential palace.He believed that the father of the founding father must have lost his life in the unexpected attack, but perhaps because of God's will, several faithful believers of the founding father rescued him from the encirclement line of the rebel army, and arrived safely at the Yongfeng gunboat moored near Huangpu. Allegiance to the Father of the Nation... When "President Chiang" learned of the danger his leader had encountered, he immediately set sail from Shanghai, taking great personal risks, and finally arrived in Huangpu, where he followed the father of the nation on board the Yongfeng ship.The father of the nation and his cronies endured fifty-six days of confinement on the gunboat. (Pages 48-49) In fact, Chiang Kai-shek only set off after receiving Sun Yat-sen's telegram.He left Shanghai on June 25 and arrived at Yongfeng on June 29.For the next forty-two days, as Sun Yat-sen said in "The Preface to the Difficulties of President Sun Daguang in Guangzhou", he "served Yu's side every day, but made a lot of plans. He was happy to die and die with Yu and the naval officers." Those who lived and died for forty-two days are certainly memorable, but those who lived and died for fifty-six days should not be obliterated. The ninth time—after the "Chen Jiongming Rebellion", Sun Yat-sen changed from the Yongfeng ship to the British ship Mohan on August 9, went to Hong Kong under the protection of outsiders, and transferred to Shanghai. Chiang Kai-shek has been following.On August 23, Chiang Kai-shek went back to his hometown to visit mountains and rivers.Mao Sicheng's "Mr. Chiang Kai-shek Fifteen Years Before the Republic of China", under the article on August 22, 1922, has this paragraph: On the 23rd, the public went to Yong.That is to say, take the North Wheel of Cibei to Putuo, and go to Tianfu Nunnery for Yangji.Explore the victories at Nantianmen, and observe fish in Banduo Temple.When resting, sit and read scriptures.Fan returned to Ningbo in six days. (Volume Four, Page 28) At this time, Sun Yat-sen had begun to take the route of uniting Russia.On August 30, Sun Yat-sen wrote to Chiang Kai-shek, saying: Brother Jieshi's lesson: I have read the letter, and Ji Zhong's letter must also be read.The situation is changing more and more rapidly in the coming days. Brother must have come early to conspire. The military is going on. Hunan and Fujian seem to have coincided with each other. The day is going on. Hunan is more urgent than Fujian and is expected. It seems that it can be resolved within a few days.Today I heard that yesterday was already done, or if there is a diversion, go back to Yunnan in a hurry.A certain matter has recently been sent by its representative to ask about the overall situation of the Far East and the solution, and I have answered them one by one.Since then, we have communicated with each other, and everything should be discussed easily.He has a military entourage accompanying him, and he has asked him to send this officer to Shanghai first, in order to inquire about the military situation in detail, and he thinks he will arrive soon.Brother Wang will come to prepare everything in the morning as soon as he recovers.Fortunately.This time near society.Sun Wen. (Volume 4, pages 39-40) On the same day, Liao Zhongkai also wrote to Chiang Kai-shek, saying: "The current situation of all parties has changed a lot. It is impossible for you to live here and plan. Because current affairs are changing rapidly, especially the situation in the army. It is not necessary to contact all parties with news day and night. I'm afraid I won't be able to adapt to the situation. There are a lot of things to do here, please come to Shanghai immediately." (Volume 4, page 38) "When Mr. If you are on the left or right, how can you do it? My brother’s opinion should come here urgently, and be in charge of the military aircraft, and all the entertainment should be done casually. Political issues, etc., if the brother is lazy, the brother should summarize the report and discuss it together. Otherwise, no one will participate in the military. If you make a mistake in deciding the plan or changing the plan, it will be too late to regret.” (Volume Four, Pages 38-39) It can be seen that “something” (taking the route of alliance with Russia) relied on Chiang Kai-shek’s “accomplice” Yin Yin .On September 12, Sun Yat-sen wrote to Chiang Kai-shek again: Brother Jieshi's lesson: There are too many guests in the past few days, and I have a headache because of lack of sleep. So far, I have been completely refreshed. Brother Fang asked Brother to come to discuss in detail how to proceed in the future, but I am very disappointed to hear that Brother has returned to his hometown.Within a few days, Zhongkai, Hanmin, and Jingwei will set off separately to Japan, Fengtian, Tianjin and other places for activities. They will live in peace and quiet. I invite my brother to come and live for ten days, so that I can plan all kinds of things in detail.This is Daan.Sun Wen. (Volume Four, Page 41) Two days later (September 14th), Liao Zhongkai wrote to Chiang Kai-shek again, saying: "The day after my brother arrived in Shanghai, my brother and Xu Zhicheng went to Dadong to visit him, but neither brother nor Qimin were there. After meeting Jingjiang, I knew My brother is there. My brother came to Shanghai with Jingjiang, but I don’t know. I visited again the next day with the exhibition hall. Qimin was there, but my brother had returned suddenly. It made my brother feel as if he had lost something. Yesterday I received Huiyan, saying that Juhu was in a bad mood I have nothing to do, so I decided to return to my hometown. The younger brother thought that his brother was here, and there were many things to be discussed and decided. If he avoided going to the countryside, he would have nothing to do. Everyone is like this, and Mr. (referring to Sun Yat-sen) is around But there is no one there! Does it make sense?...Thinking day and night, brother must be here all the time, so brother Qian will order to drive to Shanghai no matter what. Kai should ask Qimin to take care of the family affairs for brother, so there is no need for brother to worry. Brother You should keep this spirit and contribute to Mr. Wei for China (referring to Sun Yat-sen) and our party. Don’t waste it on things that don’t need to be consumed, so as to hurt your body. Brothers know that brothers will never abandon me, so I dare to persuade each other. I hope my brother will listen. "(Volume Four, Page 42) Between the lines, it is fully seen that Chiang Kai-shek is "hide-and-seek" with them and "takes Joe" from them.In Mao Sicheng's "Mr. Chiang Kai-shek Fifteen Years Before the Republic of China" on October 4, 1922, we can also see how Chiang Kai-shek was traveling in the mountains and rivers at this time: On the fourth day, when I arrived in Shanghai, I took a bus to Wuxi to visit Taihu Lake.Sitting in Wanqing hall, you can see the vastness of Boyu.Stopping by to visit the Plum Garden, the structure is natural.Zhihuiquan Mountain, which embraces the scenery of Yunlou, is often pleasant.Returning to Suzhou, visit Xuanmiao Temple, Lingering Garden and West Garden.Still returning from Shanghai to Ningbo. (Volume 4, pages 47-48) The tenth time - on October 18th, Sun Yat-sen sent a telegram to order all the armies entering Fujian to reorganize into the East Road Behavior Army.Xu Chongzhi was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the bandit hunting army and the commander of the second army, Chiang Kai-shek was the chief of staff, Huang Dawei was the commander of the first army, and Li Fulin was the commander of the third army.On October 20, Chiang Kai-shek finally left for his post.Unexpectedly, in less than a month, he was leaving again.When Sun Yat-sen heard about it, he sent him an urgent telegram on November 19, saying: Brother Jieshi learned: I was very surprised to receive the letter. I took the heavy responsibility of going back to Guangdong to ask for thieves. I entrusted you to be my brother.If there is resistance, you should release it with your brother at any time, and Zhong Kai will come to help.Sun Wen.Hao. (Volume Four, Page 55) On November 24, Sun Yat-sen sent another long letter to Chiang Kai-shek, saying: Brother Jieshi's lesson: Seeing that my brother sent Zhantang Ji's new book, there is no progress within ten days, so there is nothing else to say.Huh, what are you saying! I can't come to Fujian in person, but I entrust my brother with the task of begging for thieves. How can my brother quit so suddenly! Husbands, things in the world are not satisfactory, and they are always there. Being able to persevere and be patient, and not avoiding hard work and complaints, can be expected to be successful.If there is no progress in ten days, then you are not willing to do it, and nothing can be achieved! Just like the letter from the Tathagata said, Ziyin should come to Shanghai, this matter is no longer a problem, that is, the big internal problem has been solved, and the progress will be great. ! Why do you care about other complicated stories?Even if we make no progress, the enemy will retreat day by day, just as the enemy's soldiers are awakened day by day, the enemy group is disintegrated day by day, and the hearts of the people hate him more and more, and think about us more and more, this is invisible day by day Progress also.From this point of view, if I can persevere, I will wait for progress! Therefore, Brother Wang, don’t give up your ambition for a while, you must achieve the goal of destroying Chen, and then you will be able to achieve a stage, otherwise, nothing will be achieved! Brother, there is ambition before In Xitu, I am in Shanghai recently, and I have done it on behalf of my brother.It has already achieved its essentials, but the complexity of the situation and the troubles involved are a hundred times greater than those in Fuzhou.It's no wonder that the people with lofty ideals in our country, who went to the other capital in high spirits, all returned in defeat. Fortunately, I got the Jinliang, and from now on we can get closer.However, the fundamental method must be that we have a little bit of support before we can take some measures.If there is nothing to borrow, even though the Youth Communist Party of our country is exactly the same as that doctrine, what can we do?Therefore, people in Pidu can only persuade the Communist Party to join the Kuomintang, which is why.It can be seen from this that we must first obtain the reliance, and if we want to obtain the reliance, we must restore Guangdong.Once Guangdong is restored this time, the Southwest will surely be unified. If we can rely on several provinces in the Southwest, there is a great way to do it.This is the winner of the Turkish Revolutionary Party.Therefore, the success or failure of my brother's previous aspirations is all in Fuzhou.If it is possible to go on to destroy Gushan, the thief in Guangzhou, if it is not possible, it is also an improvement to preserve Fuzhou and persist.If there is a day in Fuzhou, then I have a day to rely on, and the diplomatic and internal affairs can use this as a background. If there is no such thing, then I am just an exiled guest in a concession, which is not important?If my elder brother can stay in the army for me for one more day, then my credit can be added for one more day. Therefore, I hope that my brother will stay for me. Don’t leave without making any progress. Brother, have you forgotten the time when you were in the white goose lake boat?The only thing I can do is sleep, eat and watch the news. How could there be any progress at that time?But what about its influence on the world?Today, I am active outside, and my brother and others in Fuzhou are my backing.With this backing, my plans and measures will progress day by day, or I don't know if my plans will reach the final success without waiting for my brother to restore Guangzhou.No matter how hard and tiring my elder brother is, he must stay in the army and fight with me outside, and I will be successful.The day-to-day progress of the outside world cannot be achieved by paper and ink. Zhong Kailai should be able to explain a little bit.In short, for more than ten years, today is an excellent opportunity. We must fight separately, and we must not rest for a while, and we will live up to the sacrifices of the martyrs and the expectations of the people of the country.Thousands of people know it! This is the time to raise money.Sun Wen. (Volume 4, pages 56-60) The day before Sun Yat-sen wrote this letter (November 20), Wang Jingwei also called Chiang Kai-shek, saying: "...there is no time to be straightforward and clean when doing things in life. The fate of the brother is related to the survival of the army. And the worst thing is, I can only console him with patience and perseverance, if my brother actually lets go, the future will be hopeless!" (Volume IV, p. 56) Despite letters and telegrams, Chiang Kai-shek left, but this time the reason was "Come back home with a cold". (Volume IV, page 63) On December 10, Sun Yat-sen called again to urge, "Brother Pan, come quickly to discuss and return to Fujian immediately." (Volume IV, p. 63) On December 18, Chiang Kai-shek turned around again. The eleventh time—1923 has come.On January 5 of this year, just as the Fujian aid army was defeated, Chiang Kai-shek went on a tour again.Mao Sicheng's "Mr. Chiang Kai-shek Fifteen Years Before the Republic of China", under the article on January 7, 1923, has this paragraph: On the 7th, I went from the headquarters to Gushan again.Seeing the four characters "heaven and earth righteousness" newly engraved on the stone wall, it is a couplet of Zuxian, saying: "to cultivate the righteousness of heaven and earth, and to perfect people from the past and the present." Small building with three rafters, living in seclusion and living comfortably, this wish is enough!" The rest are like kaoting, drinking water rock, Jianglong, Bodhidharma, Luxian caves, and Sanzhi, looking at the joy of panhuan.In Yongquan Temple, he was so excited that he swung the four characters "Qijie Rushi" and paid monk Leshi.Set up the changing booth west to commemorate it.Fan only came back in a week. (Volume 5, pages 1-2) It can be seen that he really enjoys his free time! After traveling in mountains and rivers, he left again and returned to Shanghai.On January 24th, Gu Yingfen, Li Jishen, Chen Keyu, and Deng Yanda urged Chiang Kai-shek again by telegram, saying: "The Jiangfang meeting suddenly changed, and the first division was stationed in Jiangmen. Although the crisis was turned into safety, it was sorted out, and everyone is waiting for instruction. The Guangdong Bureau is still not stable, and if the government does not come soon, the Prime Minister will plan military affairs. Who will advise? And the party and army that Fen and others have always hoped for will not be realized. Hope is ordered, there is no sense of responsibility, and I hope to show recovery." ( Volume 5, page 4) However, Chiang Kai-shek's Commentary (Volume 1) not only "coming soon", but on January 27, he simply returned to Fenghua. On February 9th, Chiang Kai-shek wrote a letter to Xu Chongzhi, admitting that he was "headstrong and impetuous, not good at planning, and more than successful at failure.... Now that Chen Ni (Chen Jiongming) has left, he has repeatedly tested himself, and his stupidity is getting worse, so that he is speechless." Do not lose, do not behave in everything, are just clumsy, and do not help the party and the country..." (Volume 5, page 13) On January 13, Sun Yat-sen urged Chiang Kai-shek again, saying that he was going to Guangzhou, "If you can't catch up, please take the He hastened to pray." (page 16) But Chiang Kai-shek refused to move.On February 18th, Sun Yat-sen gave Chiang Kai-shek the position of chief of staff of the base camp, and urged him by telegram: "Brother's help is needed here, please come quickly and don't delay! He has also announced that brother chief of staff, military cardinal, can't do it for a day." No one else!" (page 17) On February 21, Sun Yat-sen arrived in Guangzhou first.On February 27th, he called Chiang Kai-shek again, saying: "Brothers are needed for help in all important matters. I hope to come quickly and show the date of action." There is a telegram that cannot be postponed any longer, and there is also a telegram that "calls Shanghai, urging Chiang Kai-shek... to come quickly".At the same time, Yang Shukan also telegraphed Chiang Kai-shek on March 1, saying: "There are so many and great things that can be resolved when I wait for my brother to come here. Fortunately, I will start the journey quickly, so as to comfort my hope." (Page 23) March 3 ancient Ying Fen also telegraphed Chiang Kai-shek, saying: "The battle is about to begin. Mr. Sun has nothing to do with his brother. We cannot just sit back and watch the crisis. We will come to Guangdong as soon as we hope."It was not until March 15th that Hu Hanmin, Wang Jingwei, Zou Lu, Lin Yeming, Lin Zhimian, and Hu Yisheng all came to Ningbo to persuade them to drive, and Chiang Kai-shek took them on a three-day tour of the mountains and rivers before they agreed to leave for Shanghai.But a week later (March 27), he returned to Ningbo again.It was not until April 9th ​​that Sun Yat-sen agreed that he would not be responsible for the "east road begging bandit army", and he set off from Shanghai on April 15th. The twelfth time - on June 15th, Sun Yat-sen appointed Chiang Kai-shek as the chief of staff of the Generalissimo's battalion.However, on the morning of July 4th, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly wanted to "retire for peace" again.On July 12, he finally "resigned in anger and fled to Hong Kong". (Page 40) On July 14, they were transferred back to Ningbo from Hong Kong.Sun Yat-sen then arranged Chiang Kai-shek's plan to "aspire to the west" and decided to send him to the Soviet Union.On August 16, Chiang Kai-shek set off from Shanghai. The thirteenth——December 15th, Chiang Kai-shek returned to Shanghai, but he delayed his trip and refused to go to Guangzhou.On December 30, Sun Yat-sen couldn't wait any longer, and went to call Chiang Kai-shek, saying: Translated and referred to Brother Shi: The responsibility of this trip is extremely heavy. I hope that you will come to Guangdong to report everything and make detailed plans for Sino-Russian cooperation. Taiwan and Italy have to come to Guangdong for interviews on all claims on the current situation. I hope to invite Jingjiang and Ji Tao The two brothers came together because they wanted to discuss with them because they had important affairs.Sun Wen.Respectfully. (Volume 5, pages 76-77) On December 26, Wang Jingwei had already sent a letter to Chiang Kai-shek, saying: "Now all problems are to be resolved when my brother arrives. If my brother does not come, the party affairs will come to an invisible standstill. This is of great concern. The military academy is entirely responsible for my brother." , to handle everything, the condition cannot be proposed by brother, and there is no way to proceed. And so on, brother must come..." (pages 77-78) Two days later, Liao Zhongkai also sent a letter to Chiang Kai-shek. Two days later, he said: "Please Brother Mingzheng ships on the fourth day at the latest, and Jingwei, Bao Jun and others will go together. It must not be delayed any longer, otherwise it will be a trifling matter. After the party affairs are reorganized, can we take advantage of this laziness?..." (p. 78) is simply It is almost "child's play" to blame Chiang Kai-shek for acting.However, despite letters and telegrams, Chiang Kai-shek still traveled around.Mao Sicheng's "Mr. Chiang Kai-shek Fifteen Years Before the Republic of China" clearly stated in December 1923: For half a month, I stopped to see the shadow of Ci'an.Burning incense on the case, walking around the tomb and caressing the tree.入夜，闲躅山门外。岭上寒风，松间明月，清景耐人寻思。与次公子纬国相伴守，穆如也。一日，读武侯出师表，乃感忠孝同源，其性光照千古，自喜素所为文，多与此旨符合。 (页七十九) 直到第二年(一九二四)一月十六日，他才动身去了广州。 第十四次——一月二十四日，孙中山派蒋介石为陆军军官学校筹备委员会委员长。二月三日，孙中山又任蒋介石为中国国民党本部军事委员会委员。当时孙中山的本意，并不是把陆军军官学校校长给蒋介石做，而是要给许崇智做。蒋介石心存不满，就在刀口上突然一走了之，回到奉化。他是二月二十一日“拂然而行”，径自出走的，二月二十三日，孙中山只好派廖仲恺代理军校筹备委员会委员长。二月二十五日，邓演达衔孙中山之命，到奉化拉蒋介石回广州，蒋介石不肯。二月二十六日，国民党中央委员会致函蒋介石，说： 径复者，顷准执事函开：“前蒙总理委办陆军军官学校，自维愚陋，不克胜任，请另选贤能接替，所有该校筹备处，已交廖仲恺同志代为交卸，以免贻误党事。”等由，经面呈总理，奉批：“该委员长务须任劳任怨，勉为其难，从艰苦中去奋斗，百折不回，以贯彻革命党牺牲之主张，所请辞职，碍难照准。”等因。奉此，相应函复，即希查照为荷。此复蒋介石同志。中央执行委员会秘密处启。(第六册，页六) 三天以后(二月二十九日)，孙中山亲电蒋介石，说： 沪执行部转介石兄：军官学校，以兄担任，故遂开办。现在筹备既着手进行，经费亦有着落，军官及学生远方来者逾数百人，多为慕兄主持校务，不应使热诚倾向者失望而去。且兄在职，辞呈未准，何得拂然而行？希即返，勿延误!孙文。Yan. (第六册，页七八) 到了三月七日，廖仲恺电胡汉民，略述蒋介石走后，使军校陷入“势成骑虎”的苦况，说：“介(蒋介石)不来，学生、学校皆不了，只有迫弟自杀谢人，务请催介行，勿延。”可是，蒋介石还是在乡不动。三月二十一日，廖仲恺再电蒋介石，说：“先生(指孙中山)将顺兄意，不为不至，兄当有以慰之。兄可敝屣尊荣，不能敝屣道义也。”(第六册，页三十三)三月三十一日，许崇智由上海到奉化劝驾。蒋介石又“拿乔”了半个月，才在四月十九日从上海启程。四月二十一日，回到广州，见孙中山。孙中山在五月三日发表蒋介石为陆军军官学校校长兼粤军总司令部参谋长，从此以后，军权逐步由蒋介石取得，当然再也不出走了。 关于这一层孙蒋关系的真相，历史学家从来不追究，今把真相排比结果，发现蒋介石至少有十四次的脱队纪录(包括“拂然而行”、留书而去、不告而别等等)，而使孙中山直接间接“不胜感冒之至”!蒋介石自称是“追随”孙中山多年的忠实信徒，但在“追随”过程中，竟有这么多次的脱队纪录，倒真令人大为惊叹也!也许蒋介石来去进退忒多，有“敝屣尊荣”的意味在内，但廖仲恺说得好：“兄可敝屣尊荣，不能敝屣道义!” 前后十四次脱队纪录，到底是敝屣了什么呢？倒可以仔细分析—下。蒋介石虽一再向孙中山讨价还价，但技巧地保持渠道畅通，不致因价钱谈不拢而破裂。从最浅显的道理也可看出，蒋介石的这种表现，对“革命”不忠，对孙中山不义。这种不忠不义的背后，浮现“瑞元无赖”的性格。蒋介石自小不如意时就会耍赖。不忠不义也就是耍赖的表现。他不如意，因他不愿意在别人手下当参谋，他在给邓铿(仲元)的私函里已说得很清楚，他不愿意“为他人做嫁衣裳”!因而，孙中山要他去帮陈炯明做事，就老大不高兴。不仅一再出走，还要在孙中山面前讲陈炯明的坏话，表演两面手法，以离间孙、陈关系。 蒋介石初奉孙中山之命投效粤军时，在致邓铿信中，恭维陈炯明，如谓： 弟流连于本军者已越一载，始以足下推毂之重，即以总座(指陈炯明)爱护之深，故敢竭尽驽钝，效其驱驰，以助总座者助本党，公义私情所由来也!(蒋中正《革命书简》页十六) 但是蒋介石才不肯对陈炯明“效其驱驰”呢!即所谓言不由衷。当蒋介石出走时，陈炯明虽派人兼程挽留，并谓：“粤军可百败而不可无兄(蒋介石)一人。”如此诚意，而蒋介石竟不肯留下，当这一年(一九一八)八月，回到上海却向孙中山数说离开的理由，竟是“因为陈炯明纵容部下，诋毁孙中山”，才愤然去职! 从《陈洁如回忆录》中也可以看到，蒋介石向他新婚妻子透露他的“野心”，如谓：“他(蒋)对我说，我不以做一个普通的领导人为满足，以使你可以看重我。有了孙先生的影响力和关系，我的前途会顺利的”(上册，页一二九)，以及怨恨他上司陈炯明的痕迹。有一次闹翻，竟因陈炯明的手下戏称孙中山为“孙大炮”!(上册，页一三六)这不仅是如陈炯明所说，蒋介石太没有幽默感，根本是借故生事，压根儿他不愿意在陈炯明手下做事。 然而在闹翻之前，陈炯明在孙中山心目中分量很重，绝不是蒋介石可以取代的。陈字竞存，是老广(广东海丰人)，也是老革命，生于光绪年间的一八七八年。一九O九年冬天，他以广东咨议局议员的身份到上海参加联合会，与革命党取得直接联系，正式加入同盟会，可说是革命老同志。一九一O年参与倪映典广东新军起义失败，继又参加一九一一年三月二十九日的黄花岗之役，幸而生还。辛亥革命后曾任广东都督，以反袁失败而远走海外，但因不肯打指模，未加入中华革命党。孙中山于一九一九年南下护法，与陈炯明合作，以筹组革命党自己的武力。陈炯明所组成的粤军，成为孙中山唯一的枪杆子，并在漳州一带建立根据地，替孙中山夺回广州。一九一九年十月十日，孙中山改组中华革命党为中国国民党。一九二O年十月二十九日，孙中山大喜，当天写信给蒋介石，表示了他对陈炯明的倚仗之殷： ……竞兄此番回粤，实举全身气力，以为党为国，吾人亦不惜全力，以为竞兄之助。同德同心，岂复寻常可拟。我望竞兄为民国元年前之克强(黄克强)、为民国二年后之英士(陈英士)。我即以当时信托克强、英士者信托之。我所求者，惟期主义政策，与我一致，即我所谓服从我三十年来共和主义，而岂若专制之君主，以言莫予违为得意耶？兄与英士共事最久，亦知我所以待英士矣!兄不妨以我之意思尽告竞兄也。(毛思诚前引书第三册，页十七) 这封信，蒋介石看过后心里一定不是滋味。但是孙、陈关系不是蒋介石一时之间可以破坏得了的。一九二一年五月五日孙中山就任非常大总统，陈炯明且当了陆军总长兼内务总长。孙、陈终于闹翻，主要是因为两人政见不同。孙中山想要以广东为基地，打算武力统一中国。这种北伐的想法，与吴佩孚要南伐，虽主义不同，心态是一样的，所以章太炎斥之为“一丘之貉”，甚至叫孙中山是“南方的吴佩孚”。陈炯明则赞同章太炎等倡导的“联省自治”，他认为中国问题要走美国的联邦制才能解决，不能迷信武力统一，武力统一只能造成中国的更形糜烂、更形衰弱。他认为孙中山与其搞非法小朝廷，不如先完成广东一省的自治，广东站稳了，再徐图其他。这种政见当然不合孙中山的脾胃。 ... 孙、陈意见相左，却给蒋介石制造大好机会。一九二二年三月……蒋介石更乘机大力主张讨伐陈炯明。……陈炯明当然不会自己送上门来就死，只好辞职求去。孙、陈既已交恶，在《国父年谱》(增订本)四月二十日条下，更见明显： 先生以炯明拒不来晤，乃下令准陈炯明辞去粤军总司令暨广东省长职，仍任以陆军部长。令伍廷芳继任广东省长。寻即令诸军前进肇庆，直向三水。是晚陈炯明离广州，赴石龙，转赴惠州，其亲信部队悉退出广州，布防于石龙、虎门等处。蒋中正时为粤军第二军参谋长，建议北伐军宜留粤缓发，先清内患，再图中原。力主即时进攻石龙、惠州，消灭陈部，再行回师消灭在桂叶举等各部。先生以陈叛迹未彰，在桂粤军数年奋斗，犹欲保存，并主张亲自督师北伐，两广仍交陈办理，给以殊恩，当能感奋。且奉直战争方炽，不可失此良机。若按兵不动，则与拥兵自卫者何异？遂未纳。 这里明说蒋介石力主“即时进攻石龙、惠州，消灭陈部”，可见蓄谋之坚。当时孙中山“以陈叛迹未彰”，又专意不可先失北伐“良机”，所以反对“先清内患，再图中原”。蒋介石大不高兴，于四月二十三日“决计辞归”。他在这天还写了一封信于“轮次”，收件人是陈炯明，信中自承： 此次改道攻赣，以致内部纷纠至此，皆由中正一人隐忍贻误之咎。然当时以为反对过甚，竟无从中维持之策，故不能不顺从一时，以为权宜之变，万不料有今日之现象也。中正罪过，诚万死不能赎矣!(《蒋介石年谱初稿》页八十四至八十五) 这信在毛思诚《民国十五年以前之蒋介石先生》一书中被窜改，上面这些原文，全不见了。对照起《国父年谱》(增订本)中他“主张讨伐陈炯明”、“消灭陈部”的勇于内斗作风，这封信的写出，颇耐人寻味。蒋介石在信中后段说：“无论其结果如何，必致两败俱伤，否则败者自丧元气，徒坠令名，即胜者亦不免同室操戈，授人以残杀同志之口实，吾知其精神之痛苦，较诸败者更烈也。吾公如欲灭痕迹，免除内讧，其舍再出之外，尚有何妙法乎？”蒋介石怪陈炯明辞职不对，应该“再出”，但是陈炯明怎么“再出”呢？实际上，他是被孙中山免职了！ 虽然陈炯明实际上被免职，表面上却是准他辞职的。孙中山复叶举等述准陈炯明辞职电文中却说“国家多事，非贤者高蹈之时”云云，并说：“文与竞存，始终动以至诚，而不肯稍参客气，以竞存生平大义，炳著中外，君子爱人以德，若操之过蹙，不任有回旋余地，殊非待士之道。”(《国父全集》第三册)漂亮的通电实不能掩盖重重的内幕。到了五月八日，问题来了。陈炯明的手下叶举等干脆要求恢复陈氏原职。孙中山六月一日回广州，同月十六日，发生了史册上所谓的“陈炯明叛变，炮轰观音山总统府，孙大总统广州蒙难”的事件。其实这个六一六事件是孙中山先于六月十二日，以“八英寸大炮毒气弹”相恐吓与威胁而引发的。(参阅陈定炎、高宗鲁《陈炯明联省自治的实行者》，载《传记文学》第三八一期，页一三○至一三一)孙中山称之为“叛变”，但陈炯明称之为“酿变”，胡适称之为“革命”，明言：“孙文与陈炯明的冲突是一种主张上的冲突！”(胡适《这一周》，载《努力周报》)陈炯明不相让，表示他对孙中山一直是服理不服人的。 不管如何，六一六事件导致孙中山与陈炯明公开的、全面的决裂，也给蒋介石制造了良机。蒋介石一开始就嫉恨陈炯明，现在变成了知道陈是坏人的“先知”，而且是由沪奔粤与孙中山共患难的“英雄”，并写了《孙大总统广州蒙难记》来宣传自己，并刻意恶化孙陈关系，经过一次又一次扭曲，蒋介石竟成为孙中山唯一的亲密战友，与孙共患难的惟一同志，为蒋介石是孙中山的唯一继承人造势。如董显光《蒋总统传》说到此事，有谓： 在这炮舰(永丰舰)上和国父相处的时日，划成蒋“总统”生涯的转折点。在过去十年间，他曾为革命做重要的、却不很显著的表演。国父在许久以前已重视这位青年属员的才干，但唯有在患难相处的时日中，更使国父自觉前次还未能充分认识这位矢忠而富有训练的军人所具的才能，与其所做实际的判断。从此以后，蒋“总统”在革命集团中的地位较从前远为重要。他以流星的速度而兴起，不仅使其自身成为中国的主要人物，并以其声誉遍于全球。(页四十九至五十) 不知历史就里的人，看了这段文字，脑中浮起的印象，自然是一幅蒋介石“间关赴难”“生死与共”的图画，图画中有名有姓的孙中山、蒋介石外，只有“敌人”陈炯明，至于其他人，显然都不足道矣! 《蒋总统传》中说“国父和他的亲信随从者在该炮舰上忍受了五十六日等于禁闭的痛苦”，所谓五十六日，事实上蒋介石是除外的。因为陈炯明“围攻总统府”是六月十六日，孙中山是十五日深夜三点逃走的，最后转登永丰舰。在永丰舰上和他共患难的，据黄惠龙《中山先生亲征录》，有胡毅生、林直勉、林树巍、陈策、熊秉坤、马伯麟、谢心准、杨虎、杨熙绩、周仲良、陈群、陈煊、马湘、黄惠龙。并且，“至十九日，派人秘密召集前守粤秀楼之卫士二十余人至舰，同任守卫。总理则命马湘往香港筹集军饷，余因令湘亲至海员联义社(此为革命海员团体之有最长历史者)，召集联义同志，潜来永丰。不数日，联义同志之报到者，有数十人，患难中有此两种老同志，共任保卫，殊觉可喜。”照黄惠龙回忆，有名可稽者至少有十四人、无名可稽者至少有“守粤秀楼之卫士”二十余人和“海员联义社”同志数十人，再加上永丰舰上舰长欧阳格及原有的官兵，共患难的人数已极可观。另照陈肇英《八十自述》所说，他当时也登上永丰舰去“晋谒”；另照宋渊源《闽省参加革命经历纪要》所说，他当时也登上永丰舰去“谒见”……足见在蒋介石“间关赴难”“生死与共”之前，早有大量人马去卫护孙中山了。当然，其中还包括了一位伟大的女性——宋庆龄。《宋庆龄自传及其言论》中透露她“终于在舰上见到中山先生，真如死别重逢”。那时候的蒋介石，人还在浙江家里呢! 孙中山于六月十七日登上永丰舰，第二天蒋介石在宁波接到汪精卫从上海拍来的电报：“惊悉粤变，尤幸总理无恙”，同一天又收到孙中山拍来的电报：“事紧急!盼速来!”但蒋介石并没有“速来”，经过好几天考虑和准备，才于六月二十五日从上海取道广州，于二十九日登上永丰侍从孙中山，已经姗姗来迟。 孙中山在八月九日离永丰舰，照沈云龙所说，“乃于八月九日偕自沪奔粤与共患难之蒋中正离舰”(沈云龙《陈炯明叛变与联俄容共的由来》，《传记文学》第三十二卷第二期)，好像没有别人似的!事实上，当时离舰的不止孙中山蒋介石二人。据黄惠龙《中山先生亲征录》明说孙中山离舰时，“一齐离去”的除了蒋介石，还有陈策、陈煊、陈群和黄惠龙自己。沈云龙明知故隐，有曲笔之嫌。然而居然还有更加曲笔的，在蒋介石九九冥诞时，台北的黎明文化事业公司出版了一本五百多页的，其中“陈炯明叛变”一节，竟说陈炯明叛变时，蒋介石在现场救孙中山，这简直是更荒唐的捏造历史了!(施德曼与费德林史坦夫妇合著，台北国立编译馆主编) 不过，这次“共患难”确实加重了蒋介石在孙中山心目中的分量。除了前所未有的日夕相处而生的情谊外，蒋介石一直讲陈炯明的坏话，而今陈果然是“坏人”，使蒋介石的“私心”，在孙中山眼里变成“远见”。再者，陈炯明翻脸之后，孙中山又没了枪杆子；身边的军人更无特别出色者，蒋介石自然成为孙阵前的廖化。孙中山为蒋介石写的《孙大总统广州蒙难记》作序，有云：“陈逆之变，介石赴难来粤，入舰日侍余侧，而筹策多中，乐与余及海军将士共死生。”当然要比蒋母死后的谀墓之辞，所谓“昂昂千里之资”云云，要真实得多了。 然而，尽管如此，毫无迹象显示，孙中山已把蒋介石视为可能的接班人之一。事实上，孙中山始终视蒋为军人，即使在军人中，蒋的地位尚在许崇智之下，而蒋在孙去世之前的职务与活动亦限于军事，无论党与政，尚无一席之地。这也许是蒋于“六一六事件”之后仍有六次出走纪录的缘故吧!我们可以断言，孙中山至死不知道蒋介石具有强烈的政治野心，更不会知道这个军人为了达到政治目的，可以完全不择手段的。