Chapter 121 Bosom friend
Talking about Great Literati in the Republic of China: Those Masters of Thought
民国文林
2513Words
2018-03-16
In 1917, Cai Yuanpei initiated the Jinde Association at Peking University. The first-class members of the Jinde Association do not prostitute, do not gamble, and do not marry concubines; In addition to the five precepts, there are three precepts of not smoking, drinking alcohol, and not eating meat.Xiong Shili heard about it, and yearned for it very much. He was sponsored by Yuan Dao Yishu, and his voice was very elegant.Cai and Xiong formed a literary acquaintance.
After Xiong Shili returned to Peking University from Wuhan University, from autumn to winter, he devoted himself to studying and deleting the book "Introduction to Righteous Theory from Ming Dynasty" written by Kui Ji.At that time, Xiong Shili, Liang Shuming and other ten people lived together in the "large and solid yoga abode" in Meichang Hutong, Haidong, Shisha.Liang, Xiong and their disciples hold a "court meeting" every morning.Liang Shuming later recalled: "Everyone encourages each other to advance together, pays attention to encouragement, and is extremely serious. For example, in winter, when the sky is about to dawn, everyone sits together on the platform after getting up. The stars and the moon are lingering in the sky; the mountains, rivers and land are silent. , I only heard the rooster crowing. This situation is the most exciting. I especially feel clear and excited. I feel that the world is sleeping and I am awake alone. Ruoyi feels the great responsibility of myself. In our group When sitting, they are all silent, not making a sound. Silence is so interesting! This kind of silence is sometimes very long; there is no need to speak, that is, speaking is very little. No matter whether we speak or not, we feel that it is very meaningful. We It is at this time to reflect on ourselves; as long as we can be excited and introspective, it is the most precious moment in our life. (Chaohui) At the beginning, we will be silent, so that everyone is not distracted, and the voice is low and calm, and the words are concise. Later, things changed, the voice was louder, and the words were longer. But in any case, the court meeting must be early and solemn, in order to be energetic, calm, and able to reach deep into people's hearts, and those who can lead people to reflect are also strong .”
During his stay in Beijing, Xiong Shili and Lin Zaiping had a close friendship.As soon as the two met, they began to talk about knowledge, and it was always Lin who made troubles and criticisms first, while Xiong Shili reciprocated.Both of them had loud voices, their words shook Liang Yu.They have a sincere friendship and know each other for a lifetime.Xiong Shili once said: "No one knows me better than Zaiping; no one knows Zaiping better than me."
Xiong Shili's contacts with Qian Mu, Tang Yongtong and Meng Wentong are quite interesting.Qian Mu recalled in "Miscellaneous Memories of Teachers and Friends":
"Since then, Xiyu, Shili, Wentong and Yu four people have gathered together from time to time. At that time, Shilifang was a new theory of consciousness only, and refuted his teacher Ouyang Jingwu's theory. Wentong didn't think so, and every time he saw it, he would refute it. On Buddhism, Xiyu is teaching China·Buddhist history in the Department of Philosophy, and should be the most expert. Gu Du is silent. But the rest of the time is a buffer for Shili and Wentong. From Buddhism to Song Ming Neo Confucianism, Wentong and Shili must compete .And only for it to buffer.
Once again, Zeyu, Xiyu, Shili, and Wentong lived together in a farm of Tsinghua University in the western suburbs.It is named after many poplars, and there are hundreds of them in the whole garden.Yu and the other four sat in the hall at night, there was no light in the hall, and there were poplars outside the hall, and the sound of leaves rustled, which was bleak and moving.I waited until late at night before dispersing, but I didn't remember what I said this evening.In fact, once a conversation is involved, the mood of the night will be broken.Reminiscing so far, it can be regarded as a rare night in my life. "
Xiong Shili also made friends with Zhang Dongsun, from which he learned about Western philosophy.And Zhang especially appreciates Xiong Shili's philosophical wisdom, and praised "New Consciousness-Only Theory" as a wonderful book, and once filled out a song "The Song of Golden Hazel" to express his feelings and praise for this book:
In Hangzhou, Xiong Shili got to know Ma Yifu, another great scholar.Xiong Shili wanted to get acquainted with Dayin very much, so he asked Shan Buan, then director of the Zhejiang Provincial Library, to introduce him. Shan Zhiwu seemed to have difficulties, and he was afraid that Ma Yifu would lose face.Xiong Shili simply didn't need anyone, he wrapped up the manuscript of "New Consciousness-Only Theory" and sent it to Ma Yifu, and explained his intention to make friends.More than a month has passed, and there is no news from Ma Yifu.Suddenly one day, an elderly man came to the courtyard, with a fluttering beard and extraordinary bearing, and he reported himself as Ma Yifu!Xiong was not polite, and asked Ma: "It's been so long since I wrote the letter, why has there been no reply?"Ma said, if you only sent a letter, you would have answered it long ago, but you have even sent a masterpiece, so you have to read it carefully before you can speak.
Xiong Shili and Ma Yifu cherished each other, and they became irresistible at first sight. Afterwards, they often went back and forth like eminent monks discussing Taoism, which indeed relieved Xiong's loneliness.He said in the "Introduction" of his "Xin Lun" (classical Chinese text): "When I came to the lake, I discussed doubts with my friend Shaoxing Ma Yifu, and the "Ming Xin Zhang" was mostly supported." Admired to the utmost, and made an elegant preface for it: "From what I have encountered, the world's talkers have not been able to be the first. It can be said that those who know well are better than language changes!"
Ma Yifu opened the Fuxing Academy, and Xiong Shili was listed as the initiator as soon as the academy was prepared.He also did his part and showed great interest.However, the two have very different ideas about the purpose and method of running a school.
Ma Yifu believes that the purpose of the academy is to learn the Tao, not to make a living. If the way out is presupposed as a call, the scholars who come here will have "humble ambitions"; The Hanlin in the past, the Ph.D. in the present, what good is it for people?" Xiong Shili disagreed with Ma Yifu's idea. He worried that students would be isolated from the world and have no future; students should also obtain a similar degree after graduation, and Must be granted by the government.The two were at each other's throats, quite spirited.
In the summer of 1939, Xiong Shili wrote back to abandon the contract and switched to Southwest Associated University.His excuse for not coming to Leshan was due to Fengshui problems. He thought that if he entered Sichuan, his orientation would be wrong, and he might encounter bad luck.Ma Yifu is proficient in geomantic omen and analyzes them one by one, while Xiong Shili is at a loss for words.Controversy aside, Ma Yifu still insisted on asking Xiong Shili to come. In his letter dated July 12 of the lunar calendar in 1939, he attached a formal letter of appointment and a 100 yuan boat fare.Xiong Shili had no choice but to set off at the end of July of this year.
They have their own ambitions for running the academy.Xiong Shili reluctantly came, but he had some complaints about the reception arrangement and accommodation environment.Once, the Japanese invaders got wrong information and believed that Chiang Kai-shek was in Leshan at that time, so they bombarded Leshan violently.In the flames of war, life and death are only a moment.Xiong Shili's residence was on fire and his left foot was injured, adding to his sense of anxiety and ominousness, so he believed in Feng Shui more deeply and decided to leave the academy immediately.
According to Mou Zongsan’s recollection, as soon as Xiong Shili arrived at Fuxing Academy, he wrote to Mou Zongsan in Kunming to go to the academy to be a teaching assistant. , I'm leaving right now."It is only a month or two since the opening of Fuxing Academy.
Regarding Xiong Shili and Ma Yifu's current confrontation, Mou Zongsan said: "Mr. Ma has a slutty personality, and Mr. Xiong has a crazy personality. The two are just the opposite. When the two are irrelevant, we can appreciate each other and be good friends. But when we work together, we may not be able to get along." Xiong Shili took his family to Bishan Laifengyi, and when he saw Mou Zongsan who was going to visit, he said: "People's hearts are very dangerous!" Mou sighed: "He and Mr. Ma Such an old friend is still not good at critical junctures, so the first thing we say when we meet is that people are very dangerous."
Ma Yifu once wrote a letter to Xiong, in which he wrote: "It is a pity that my brother's morality is not enough to lead the crowd, his learning is not enough to teach others, and his talent is not enough to manage affairs, so he made my brother unhappy, so he killed me so quickly. Returning to my heart, I really dare to lose to my brother. My heart is full of words." After that, the two masters of Neo-Confucianism calmed down.
But the horse and the bear still kept in touch thereafter.After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the friendship between the two remained unchanged.Ren Jiyu and Xiong Shili corresponded, and if Xiong thought they had some opinions, he also forwarded the letter to Ma Yifu, and sometimes Xiong also forwarded Ma Yifu's letter to Ren.
When eating at the "Lou Wai Lou" in Hangzhou, Ma Yifu never tires of food, and Xiong Shili eats anything.To guide students in reading, Mr. Ma advocates selecting the essence and proceeding step by step, while Mr. Xiong advocates open reading and extensive viewing.Mr. Xiong said that Mr. Ma was too strict in his selection of people, but he advocated that he should be lenient in his selection of people.He said that Wang Yangming was too strict in selecting people, so there will be no second Wang Yangming in the future.Zeng Guofan is more lenient in choosing people, so after Zeng Guofan, there will not only be a second Zeng Guofan, but also a third Zeng Guofan.
Someone made a couplet and said: "Seven sages laugh as Xiong Shili, Si Hao Weiyi Ma Yifu".