Chapter 122 scholarship

When Xiong Shili was 10 years old, his father taught him, and he learned it by heart in a day.His father taught him "Four Books", and Xiong Shili still couldn't get enough of it after explaining a section. Every time he asked his father to explain more, but his father refused, saying: "It is better to be more reserved." This autumn, Xiong Shili wrote an eight-legged essay.Stereotyped essays pay attention to structure and are not easy to write well. Father Xiong was very surprised after reading Xiong's essays. Before Xiong Shili's father died, he was afraid that Xiong Shili would waste his studies after his death. Considering that he was in poor health, weak and sick, and unable to do farming, he asked him to learn tailoring to make a living.Therefore, Xiong Shili made an oath before his father's sick bed: "No matter what, my son, you should respect the will of the adults and dare not abandon your studies."

Xiong can recite many books. He wrote a book and made a statement. On the case, there are only four treasures of the study, but not a single reference book. When he was 16 or 17 years old, Xiong Shili traveled around to study. When he first read Chen Baisha's "Theory of Animals and Beasts", he suddenly had a divine understanding, "I suddenly realized that the body of flesh and blood is not me. Only with this mind and reason is the real me." .” And understand the meaning and value of life from it.It is definitely not external satisfaction such as seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages, getting rid of suffering and finding happiness, but understanding the meaning and value of life, realizing the most powerful and powerful "true self", so as to be in line with the principles of the universe.This realization basically laid the foundation for his future research direction.

Xiong Shili's original ideal in life was not academic, but revolutionary.After the failure of the Revolution of 1911, Xiong Shili followed Sun Yat-sen to participate in the Dharma protection movement. However, the Dharma protection movement also failed, which made Xiong Shili suffer a lot. He saw "partisans competing for power, and the revolution ended with no good results", and his heart was very painful. He often "climbs the heights alone, looks at the sky in the sky, and tears fall in the rain".Therefore, he made up his mind to step out of politics, take improving the morality of the people as his own responsibility, and focus on academics.That year, Xiong Shili was 35 years old.Xiong Shili believes that this is a major change in his life, a rebirth.

Xiong Shili mailed the manuscript of "Book of Heart" to Mr. Cai Yuanpei, and Mr. Cai wrote a preface for it.Mr. Cai said that Xiong Yuzhen was "above his studies and practice", and believed that his "what he gained was profound and far-reaching, rather than the trend of the times and the pursuit of material desires". Around 1919, Xiong Shili went to Tianjin Nankai Middle School as a Chinese teacher, and got acquainted with Liang Shuming because of a pen and ink lawsuit.Liang Shuming published a note written by Mr. Xiong in the "Yongyan" magazine edited by Liang Qichao, which criticized Buddhism.Liang Shuming said: "Buddhist talk is empty, causing people to drift away...and he named: This ordinary man Xiong Shengheng (Xiong Shili)...is so ignorant and ignorant." After reading this article, Xiong Shili sent him a copy from Nankai Middle School. A postcard, which read: "I have seen your article "Theory of Casuism" published in "Oriental Miscellany", and the scolding words in it are not bad; I hope to have a chance to meet and talk carefully." Soon, Xiong Shili came When he arrived in Beijing, he met Liang Shuming and became good friends.

Liang Shuming persuaded Xiong Shili to study Buddhism, and introduced him to study Buddhism with Master Ouyang Jingwu of Nanjing China Inner College.When Xiong Shili reported to Nanjing Inner College, "the clothes he was wearing were worn out, and he carried a small bedroll on his back. When people saw his shabby portrait, they arranged him to live in the place where the servants lived for three years." Xiong Shili is probably one of the most poor young people in the village.During the arduous three years in the Inner Academy, Xiong Shili received strict training in philosophical thinking.In the third year, the college held a thesis competition on Buddhism. This shabby young man who was usually ignored by others became a blockbuster and wrote the best thesis at that time.

Mrs. Xiong Fu Jiguang, who was born in a family, once said that they had a honeymoon after marriage, and Mr. Xiong Shili used the honeymoon to finish reading a book of the Twenty-Four Histories.Mrs. Xiong saw that Mr. Xiong was reading one page at a time, and doubted whether he had read the content clearly, so she tested him and chose one event in the Twenty-Four Histories. thing.As a result, Mr. Xiong not only told the story, but also told which volume the story was in. Since entering Sichuan, Xiong Shili has been displaced, and his life is particularly difficult.After returning to Bishan from Fuxing Academy, his disciple Mou Zongsan once went to visit him. He recalled: "I went to worship from Chongqing. I arrived at dusk. When I saw my teacher and mother mending clothes, I told Mr. Yi that he was in the house. When I approached, Mr. Shi was moaning on the couch, a lamp like a bean, looking very desolate, greeting each other, and weeping at each other. He also told the danger of human relationship." Although his family was poor and the country was in trouble, he was willing to be lonely, happy to forget his worries, and worked hard Writing and lectures.

Mr. Xiong likes to cite Zen koan most in his works. He said that in his life he most remembers Mazu’s koan of pinching Baizhang’s nostrils and Mazu’s koan of enlightening Huihai to realize his own mind. In 1942, the second volume of "New Consciousness-Only Theory" was rewritten. Xiong Shili's old friend Juzheng raised funds and published it under the name of Mianren Academy.He said in his own words: "Yu Guji lived in a dilapidated temple in a poor village. He grew old and became more and more impoverished, so he forced himself to write and continue the "Functional Chapter"..." At this time, he still insisted on getting up at four o'clock in the morning every day. When reading and writing, I just sit with my eyes closed for a while at noon.It only needs one stroke of paper to write, and when the poorest, write with a bald pen, use a bowl as an inkstone, one contains ink, and the other contains vermilion.Due to long-term displacement, he has no collection of books around him, and he is probably the only scholar in the world who does not have a collection of books.

In 1944, Xiong Shili began to write "Reading the Scriptures", starting from the first day of the first lunar month and ending in autumn and winter.The preface of this book was drafted in an empty house donated by Lu Ziying, the mayor of Beizhuan, to Mr. Xiong to set up a philosophy research institute.At that time, the brush Xiong Shili used was bald and hairless, and there was no inkstone. Instead, he used two thick rice bowls, one filled with ink and the other filled with vermilion.Mr. Xiong's writing conditions can be seen. Mou Zongsan unceremoniously criticized his teacher Xiong Shili from the aspect of studying and studying.Mrs. Mou recalled that in the days when she was with Xiong Shili, Mr. Xiong criticized the Consciousness-Wei School for being wrong here and there. Ms. Mou studied Xuanzang's "Cheng Wei Consciousness Theory" and its commentaries and Kuiji's account after reading it. I said to Mr. Xiong: "Teacher, your understanding is not quite right." As a result, I was reprimanded.

Mrs. Mou saw that Mr. Xiong had some prejudices, and said: Mr. Xiong was upset when he was studying, and he was not able to get to know each other in a practical and considerate way. refute it.He doesn't read too much Confucian literature, he only understands the sea of ​​nature and nature, and the essence and function are the same.This is not enough, so it can be finished in a few sentences, but the measurement cannot be made. In the 1950s, when he first arrived in Beijing, Guo Moruo hoped that Xiong Shili could come to the Chinese Academy of Sciences under his jurisdiction, but Xiong refused, saying, "It seems that old people and foreign bread don't need to be mixed together."He hoped to go back to Beijing to attend classes according to the old rules.At this time, the Department of Philosophy of Peking University seemed to "have no intention of accepting each other", but Xiong still wanted to go back, saying that "I would like to return here to serve as a pensioner, which is not contrary to righteousness."Mr. Xiong's salary was set at 800 catties of millet per month, which was the highest level of a professor's salary at that time.

After liberation, Xiong Shili suggested the establishment of the Institute of Chinese Philosophy to train talents of Chinese studies; the restoration of the Nanjing Inner Academy, presided over by Ouyang disciple Lu Qiuyi; the restoration of the Zhilin Library in Hangzhou, presided over by Ma Yifu; the restoration of the Mianren College, presided over by Liang Shuming.He wrote to Mao Zedong and the central government many times, and Mao Zedong replied: "Mr. Shili, I have read the long letter, and I would like to express my gratitude." Several of Xiong's suggestions were not found. Get up and change its name to Nanjing Buddhist Academy.

After Xiong Shili settled in Shanghai, he continued to write. In 1956, he completed the second volume of "Original Confucianism", which was printed and published at the same time.After this book, Xiong Shili completed the writing of "Body and Function", "Ming Xin Pian", "Qian Kun Yan" and other works with extraordinary perseverance and speed. Ambitious! In his twilight years, Xiong Shili devoted all his energy to writing.He gets up at one or two o'clock in the morning every day, dragging his sick body and insisting on writing. After "Ming Xin Pian", it is "The Expansion of Qian Kun" which he "determined in declining years".This book has more than 200,000 characters, and as soon as he wrote 20,000 to 30,000 characters, he "succumbed to all kinds of diseases". In February 1960, Xiong Shili was poisoned by gas and passed out. Xiong Shili worked hard and finally completed it.He donated this book to the Shanghai Library, with a postscript saying: "A copy of "Qian Kun Yan" is attached, and I have to make a photocopy at my own expense. I am old and never die, and I will make this book, and I will never repudiate it. There is a saying in Baishazi' A gentleman is always in the eye', that is, the heart of my book."