Chapter 102 academy

In terms of the way of running a school, Ma Yifu pursued the education form of classical academies instead of the education mode of modern universities.He believes that only classical academies like the Song and Ming dynasties, with beautiful and tranquil landscapes and adequate supply of such a leisurely and leisurely environment, can be consistent with the teaching of Confucianism. Ma Yifu's idea of ​​setting up an academy was raised as early as 1912 in a heart-to-heart talk with Cai Yuanpei, the then Minister of Education.Ma Yifu said to Cai Yuanpei: "Set up a Confucian academy to cultivate the foundation of the country. Gather one or two hundred people under the age of 30, who are rough in Confucian classics, and who are familiar with the academic origins of various schools in the pre-Qin Dynasty. , provide Chinese and foreign books, hire teachers, Confucian scholars, and foreign scholars to guide them separately. Over time, they will be proficient in Western characters in a country, able to write various styles of words, and also proficient in Greek and Latin. A few Chinese scholars can compete with the world Meet each other. The foundation of the country was first established, and the reform of the people started, and new eyes and ears. After ten or twenty years, there must be a rise of talents. This is not the foundation of a country, but also the harbinger of cultural communication in the world.” However, Ma Yifu’s this Suggestion, Cai Yuanpei shelved it because it was too early.

After Ma Yifu resigned and returned to Hangzhou, he still yearned for and pursued Confucian academy-style education, and visited the Nanyang Islands (now Singapore) at his own expense in the same year.He highly appreciated the purpose of promoting Confucianism in "Daonan Academy" run by Fujian people.After returning to China, due to the atmosphere of Confucianism in China at that time and the abolition of economics in the school, they all declined to be hired.Afterwards, in his correspondence with disciples Shou Jingwei, Liu Baimin, etc., he expressed his desire to find a scenic spot and establish a classical academy to give lectures.This wish was passed on by his disciples to the highest authority of the Kuomintang and was recognized.After the establishment of the board of directors of the academy, the board of directors of the academy formally hired Ma Yifu as the lecturer of Fuxing Academy in March 1939 to take charge of the lectures and realize Ma Yifu's long-term pursuit of desire.

Before going to Sichuan, Ma Yifu demanded that the academy must be a purely academic institution of a social nature, free to give lectures without government interference.When meeting with the government, Ma Yifu put forward three prerequisites: first, the academies are not included in the current education system; second, no ceremonies will be held except to pay homage to the ancestors in the Spring and Autumn Period; third, they will not participate in any political activities.The authorities actually agreed.Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Lifu made it clear that they "always treat each other with courtesy", and set aside 30,000 yuan for the establishment fee and 3,000 yuan for the monthly payment. At the end of January 1939, Ma Yifu finally accepted the conditions and went to Sichuan to apply for a job.

Fuxing Academy is located in Wuyou Temple in Wuyou Mountain, Leshan County (formerly known as Jiading), Sichuan Province. It is located in the center of the river at the confluence of Minjiang River, Qingyi River and Dadu River, with excellent scenery.In addition to Wuyou Temple, there is also "Erya Terrace" on the mountain, which is said to be the place where Guo Pu, a native of Jin, commented on "Erya".The purpose of Fuxing Academy is to "explain the scriptures, pay attention to righteousness and reason, and to make scholars understand and understand, to be self-satisfied in further studies, and to develop strong and solid talents"; the courses of the Academy are divided into two courses: Tongzhi and Biezhi; the Academy is pure research Academic groups do not involve any political meaning; the academy does not grant any qualifications to students; the academy has lecturers, fellow speakers, and lecturers, and there are nearly 30 dropout students, plus less than 40 participants.

Ma Yifu drew up the "Guidelines of Fuxing Academy", which stipulated that the purpose of the academy is "to clarify the academic origin of our country, to enable scholars to study freely, and to cultivate a master of Confucianism".As for students, it is stipulated that they do not seek official positions, do not engage in profit, and cannot afford to fight. The academy is very particular about etiquette. Ma Yifu believes that lecturing is a major event, it is to promote Dafa and enlighten future students, so he dare not be disrespectful.Before the official lectures, the academy held a grand opening ceremony. Ma Yifuzhai was dressed in full clothes, and the lecture house (Kangyi Pavilion of Wuyou Temple) was set up in the middle of the front. The lecturers, the lecturers, and the deacons were separated.Students stand in sequence.By Yinzan Wang Jingbo singing first obeisance to the sacrament, teachers and students bow three times to the north of the first teacher, Fanxiang reads and congratulates three times, and the obeisance to the sacrament is completed.Meet each other next time.After the ceremony, the main speaker Ma Yifu gave a lecture.From then on, before each lecture, Ma Yifu first wrote the speech, ordered someone to transcribe it, cleaned up the Kuang Yi Pavilion in front of Erya Terrace, and then put a bouquet of flowers in a bottle and placed it on the podium religiously and solemnly. As soon as they arrived, the scholars gathered together, and then Wu Yifeng, the Dushuo, stayed behind holding the lecture notes, and when the horse floated up to the seat, he held the lecture notes with both hands and bowed to him.

Fuxing Academy began to give lectures on September 15, 1939, and ended on May 25, 1941, a total of one year and eight months.After that, the academy specialized in engraving books.The main purpose of engraving books is to spread Confucianism and keep the seeds of wisdom.Ma Yifu said to his disciples many times: "One more engraving and printing of one more book is to leave one more seed in the world." Ma Yifu is satisfied with the establishment of the academy, and has devoted all his energy and efforts. He is also full of love for the achievements of the academy.He once said: "Cultivating talents in academies is different from today's schools. I hope that everyone who learns can be a king's teacher, so that I can fulfill my duty as a Confucian. Under Confucius, there are only three thousand students, and only Yan Hui and Zeng Shen No less. In the Greek Plato Academy, only one Aristotle has been achieved, which is enough to carry on the past and open up the future, and become the master of Western philosophy."

In May 1946, Ma Yifu returned to Hangzhou and temporarily borrowed Geyin Mountain Villa in West Lake as a temporary academy residence, and continued to sell calligraphy and engraved books in the name of the academy's lecturer and editor-in-chief to maintain the academy's continued support.Although life is very difficult, Ma Yifu still does not want to end the academy and stop engraving books.Until one day, due to the failure of the government's reform of the currency system, which caused the gold dollar bills to plummet, Ma Yifu completely gave up maintaining the life of the academy.In order to "preserve the wok of the ancestors and benefit the future to learn", Ma Yifu transformed the academy into the Zhilin Library, responsible for keeping and circulating, and compiling a series of books.