Chapter 11 10. What I know about Kang Sheng

As for Kang Sheng, many people now know that he is bad, but not many people know how bad he is.From the Yan'an period to the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to work, I had more contact with him, so I learned more about him. Kang Sheng is not a person who appeared by chance, he is a social phenomenon, and such people are not uncommon in society, but Kang Sheng is in a high position and is more harmful.Therefore, exposing Kang Sheng will help identify this type of people. It is said that it was Kang Sheng's "rescue campaign", because this harmful campaign was indeed planned and manufactured by him.

The famous Yan'an rectification movement was completely correct and necessary at the beginning.In his report on the rectification of the Three Styles, Mao Zedong clarified the purpose, tasks, and objectives of the study of the rectification style. whole person.Therefore, after the rectification movement began, the cadres did not feel any pressure, and it was a rare opportunity to concentrate on reading some books.In addition to the 22 documents, there are also "Before the Sixth National Congress", "Since the Sixth National Congress", "Two Lines" and six books that cadres must read.Everyone studied very seriously, took notes, wrote down their experience, and consciously reviewed their own thoughts. Their ideological understanding has indeed been improved, and they have benefited a lot; a more united atmosphere has also appeared in the party.But the end result turned out to be quite different from the original intention.

How did things evolve? One day, when Kang Sheng and I were chatting in the Yangjialing dormitory, he whispered to Mao Zedong’s cave: “Our comrades never understand that since we have power, we still don’t know how to use it. We don’t know how to use it.” It is really meaningful to connect with what he did in the future. Kang Sheng was the director of the Central Social Investigation Department and the highest person in charge of the defense work of Fanhao, that is to say, he had mastered the main dictatorship machine at that time; he was also the deputy director of the Central General Study Committee (the director was first Mao Zedong, then Liu Shaoqi, All in name), he is the actual leader of the rectification movement, so he actually has the power to kill people.

Not long after the rectification study started, Kang Sheng focused on the Academia Sinica; later he transferred to the trial cadre, and he also focused on the Central Party School.The predecessor of the Academia Sinica was the Marxist-Leninist Academy, the dean of which was Luo Fu (Zhang Wentian). This academy has trained a large number of theoretical backbones for our party.However, Kang Sheng evaluated the Academia Sinica as "a stronghold of dogmatism", and personally intervened in the Academia Sinica's rectification movement, targeting many old comrades and young party members in the party.Only because Mao Zedong repeatedly emphasized that the adjustment is to distinguish right from wrong in terms of line, principles, policies, and strategies, and to raise awareness rather than to pursue personal responsibility, Kang Sheng's method was slightly limited.

But Kang Sheng was not willing to let it go. In May and June 1942, he personally planned to criticize Wang Shiwei.Wang Shiwei was a researcher at the Literature and Art Research Office of the Academia Sinica. After the rectification movement began, he published essays such as ("Liberation Daily" on March 12 and 13, 1942) and "Politicians and Artists" ("Gu Yu", Volume 4, Issue 1) , and then published several short articles on the poster of "Yao Yu De" of the Academia Sinica.In these articles, he accused the cadres and the masses of Yan'an of a great gap, that the cadres did not treat people with an equal attitude, that they lacked care and love for people, and that "everywhere is as black as a crow", while some people think that the dark side of Yan'an is "nothing", " The sky cannot fall"; he accused the hierarchy, "clothes are divided into three colors, and food is divided into five grades", and some people think it is "reasonable" and "egalitarianism cannot be advocated"; "Dear Comrade Falling Down in a Pool of Blood" to set off the peaceful scene of Yan'an's "singing to the Yutang Spring, dancing back to the golden lotus steps".

Mao Zedong once criticized Wang Shiwei's erroneous remarks anonymously, saying that some people in the rectification movement did not speak from a correct standpoint, but used absolute egalitarian concepts, cynicism, and backstabbing methods.Cynicism is a corrosive agent that is not conducive to unity and so on.Mao Zedong's criticism was obviously aimed at correcting bias and was well-intentioned.But Kang Sheng took advantage of this problem and made his own plans. In late April, Kang Sheng said at a cadre meeting of the Central Ministry of Social Affairs: Wang Shiwei's article was published in a Hong Kong newspaper, and he instructed the Academia Sinica to organize criticism. From May 27 to June 11, a struggle meeting to expose and criticize Wang Shiwei was held at the Academia Sinica. Kang Sheng attended many times and labeled Wang Shiwei a "Trotskyist".

After Mao Zedong's rectification report, Cheng Quan (Chen Chuangang), who was engaged in the research of economic issues in the Central Political Research Office, wrote a letter to Mao Zedong.The so-called "human style" is nothing more than "inequal" systems such as "clothes are divided into three colors, food is divided into five categories, some people ride horses, and others walk".He also raised a lot of criticisms against Chen Boda.At the same time, Yu Bingran, a staff member of Zaoyuan, also wrote a letter to the central government and Ren Bishi, also calling Chen Boda worthless.I have read all these letters.

Chengquan and Wang Li (also known as Wang Ruqi, engaged in the research work of women's movement in the Central Women's Committee) and his wife knew Wang Shiwei in the past, and they also had contact with Wang Shiwei after arriving in Yan'an; So they defined their relationship with Wang Shiwei as a "Trotskyist relationship". Kang Sheng first organized a fight against Yu Bingran in Zaoyuan, from Yu Bingran to Chengquan and Wang Li, and then to Pan Fang and Zongzheng. From August to October, a 72-day rally was held against them, and they were branded together with Wang Shiwei as an "anti-Party group."

In October of the same year, he fought against Wu Xiru at the Central Party School, labeling Wu as a traitor and spy (later he was screened and rehabilitated). In November, Kang Sheng and others labeled Zhang Keqin (formerly known as Fan Dawei) a "secret agent" at Northwest Public School.Zhang Keqin, a member of the Gansu Underground Party, was not yet 20 years old at the time.Since his father opened a photo studio in Lanzhou, everyone who patronizes the photo studio is naturally everyone, including Kuomintang military officers and secret agents.Based on this, Kang Sheng said that Zhang Keqin's father's photo studio was a "secret agent", Zhang Keqin's father was of course a "secret agent", and Zhang Keqin was of course a "secret agent" sent by his father to Yan'an, so he forced Zhang Keqin to admit it, but Zhang refused. Zhang Keqin finally admitted that he was a "secret agent" and "confessed" a "red flag party".Since then, there have been more and more "red flag parties", and almost all underground organizations of the party have been labeled as "red flag parties". (The so-called "Red Flag Party" refers to the fake Communist Party under the Kuomintang's "Red Flag Policy"—it is a Communist Party in name, but it is actually a spy organization of the Kuomintang. It lures progressive young people to join, but actually becomes a Kuomintang spy).Fan Buwei said in a letter to the Party Central Commission for Disciplinary Inspection a long time later: He did not know what the "Red Flag Party" and "Red Flag Policy" were at the time, and they were all prompted by his interrogators to admit it.

Mr. Xie (Xie Juezai) did not believe that Zhang Keqin was a "secret agent", because he had contacted Zhang Keqin's father when he was working as a leader in the Lanzhou Eighth Route Army Office, and he was relatively advanced in understanding him.But because Kang Sheng was in a bad position of authority, there was nothing he could do about it. The role of Kang Sheng not only lies in these events themselves, but more importantly, he leads the normal review and introspection in the study of the rectification movement to review cadres and eliminate counterrevolutionaries, and he describes it as a law, fabricating "the rectification movement will inevitably turn If you enter the trial cadres, the trial cadres will inevitably transfer to the eradication of counter-revolutionaries." Liao Lun.

In December 1942, Kang Sheng made a report "On the Issue of Elimination of Rapes" at the senior cadre meeting of the Northwest Bureau. (In fact, as soon as this group of people arrived in Yan'an, someone took the initiative to confess and quickly found out, it was called "Dai case" at that time; "One kind is drawn out, that is, people who develop them in our team to become spies After the report, a small number of units began to review the cadres, and then all units followed suit. In April 1943, rumors spread that the enemy might attack the border area, and Kang Sheng took this opportunity to further persecute the cadres. One day, Kang Sheng sent Zhou Xing (Director of the Security Department of the Border Region) and I (Director of the First Bureau of the Security Department) called and arranged for us to arrest people. The reasons for arresting people, he said that on the one hand, Chiang Kai-shek was trying to send troops to attack Yan'an; on the other hand, Hu Zongnan's secretary Hu Zongmian wanted to come to Yan'an to prevent people with problems from "contacting" Hu. Kang Sheng held the list in his hand, and while talking with us, he marked and circled the list and said: "This is 'Fuxing', This one is 'CC', 'Traitor', 'Traitor', 'Rite', ...". After the painting is finished, we are asked to arrest all those marked with "〇", and send all those marked with "." The School of Administration of the Border Region was under review. I took the list and looked at it one by one. The name marked with "〇" was "Shi Shude", and I blurted out, "This is my younger brother." Kang Sheng grabbed the list and said: "Your brother?" Then I crossed out the "〇". I said, "Catch me if you have to, not just because he is my brother..." Kang Sheng grinned, shook his head, said "hmm" twice, and didn't do anything. Explained, replaced "〇" with ".". Two days later, from night to dawn, a total of more than 200 people were arrested. He was ordered to be responsible for arresting the "suspects" of the organs directly under the central government. After this arrest, the central government officially announced the start of Zeng Quan's trial.Kang Sheng made a mobilization report to the organs directly under the central government in the central auditorium. When he announced that more than 200 people had been arrested in Yan'an, many comrades turned pale with fright and lost their minds. Then, Kang Sheng took the fake spy Zhang Keqin as a model, and asked him to give "confessional confession" reports in the Central Auditorium, the Border Region Government Auditorium, and some units.Kang Sheng patted Zhang Keqin on the shoulder and said: "You have to be honest and inspire those who have stumbled", "You have become a celebrity". Zhang Keqin fabricated a large "confession" based on the interrogator's prompts and the detective novels he had read, but Kang Sheng said, "Among all the cases, the most noteworthy is that Zhang Keqin proposed the 'red flag policy'"; The "red flag policy" gave us a new understanding of the KMT's special policies, made us have to re-evaluate the party organization in the rear, and gave us an answer to the large number of Yan'an spies."So he declared all the underground parties in Gansu, Henan, Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Zhejiang provinces as "red flag parties."At that time, he did not dare to say that all the parties in Shaanxi were "red flag parties", but he said that the party organizations in Guanzhong and Hanzhong were "red flag parties."This "Red Banner Party" was designed in Kang Sheng's mind in this way, taught to the censored by the interrogators, and after being turned into a "confession", it was in turn used as the basis for Kang Sheng's expansion of "suppressing counter-revolutionaries". The sensational "Suide Secret Service" case in 1943 is also a typical fake case.Here we only take Suide Normal University as an example: there are more than 350 teachers and students in the school, and there are 162 "mistakes".Yi Dingsheng, a language teacher at the school, was branded "the head of the secret service of the six counties".At that time, false confessions were commonplace, as long as anyone was clicked, he would immediately admit to being a "secret agent", and the more and more bizarre whoever made up, the more appreciated and honored he would be.Kang Sheng admired the "Suide experience" very much, not only promoted it everywhere in Yan'an, but also spread it to various bases through Xinhua News Agency.In July, he gave a report on "Rescuing Those Who Stumbled" at the meeting of the organs directly under the Central Committee, and invited a female student of Suide Normal University to give a typical speech of "confessing". He lost his virginity again)", joined the secret service organization, and how to use beauty tricks to carry out spy activities and other mysterious stories.Kang Sheng admired her very much, and asked her to give reports everywhere, to be the honored guest, and to sit on the rostrum with the chief. The expansion of Suide’s suppression of anti-revolutionaries has aroused strong dissatisfaction among democrats and vice chairman of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Government Li Dingming. In order to find out the truth, the organization sent me to bring a few people to Suide to deal with the mess there. The work there is affirmed and valued by the Border Region Government and the Northwest Bureau.But after I was arrested in 1963, Kang Sheng still tried to turn it into one of my crimes, saying that I "let go of many spies and interrupted the clues of Suide's spies." In October 1943, I was recalled to Yan'an. During my stay in Suide, more people were arrested in Yan'an. These people were concentrated in two places: one was the security department of the border area, and the other was the social department of Zaoyuan Hougou. Those detained in these two places were identified as "secret agents."Others are concentrated in the Central Party School, the Administrative College of Border Regions, and Northwest Public School. There are thousands of people. They are considered to have complicated social relations and unclear political outlook.More people stayed in their units to "persuade" them, urging them to "confess".In September, it was getting out of hand. Kang Sheng played a trick, saying that "rescue" came to an end, and he had to "save himself by himself" in the future.The only changes after switching to "self-help" are that the phenomenon of beating and swearing has decreased, but the phenomenon of not getting enough to eat has not improved. Extorted confessions have become induced confessions. If you "confess", you can eat, drink and sleep well. Dai Dahong Flowers, riding big ocean horses, on the rostrum.As a result, there have been more unjust, false and wrongly decided cases. In the spring of 1944, the Central Committee repeatedly urged the Northwest Bureau to make a summary of the trial and anti-revolutionary work.This summary report was drafted by Zhou Xing and I. We truthfully described the course of the movement, admitted many shortcomings and mistakes, and put forward suggestions for correction.We gave Kang Shengsheng part of it after we wrote it, so we sent it to Kang Sheng in sections. After handing over all the manuscripts to him, he pressed them for several days, and finally said "it can't be used", but he re-edited a set by himself. On March 29, Kang Sheng gave a report titled "The Development and Current Tasks of the Anti-Rape Struggle" at the Northwest Bureau High-Level Meeting. He said, "During the other two months of work this year, we cleared out the hidden detectives and spies, further strengthened ourselves, created a new anti-rape line, and achieved great results."What are these "huge achievements"?He said: "We cleared out traitors such as the Trotskyist faction and Guote Wang Shiwei in the party organization; we cleared out spy elements such as Wang Yuqi, Wu Nanshan, and Fan Zuocai in the political system; we cleared out Wu Xiru, Xu Yuzhi, etc. in the army. Assassinated elements; cleared out Yang Hongchao, Deng Yingxian and other spies and their organizations among the public; cleared out Yi Dingsheng and other spies in the school system; exposed Zhang Zhigang and other spies in the factory system..." In the above list he made, except that Wu Nanshan is indeed a member of the "Dai case" and Yang Hongchao is a military agent (this person did not provide valuable information to the military, he made up the information to sell money, and quickly uncovered it), I don't know about Deng Yingxian and Zhang Zhigang, the rest are out-and-out unjust, false and wrongly decided cases. The keynote of his report was to blindly affirm achievements and oppose the "extreme right".He said: "Our counter-insurgency is not over this time. We have only shifted from the Danbai movement to the screening work. In the previous stage of the confession movement, we broke through the spies, strengthened ourselves, and eliminated the ideological assimilation by the bourgeoisie. In terms of organization, the internal purity has been guaranteed, and a new line and method have been created in anti-good work, and great achievements have been made. If this work is not carried out, the party will suffer great losses. In this If there is any doubt on one point, it is an extreme right point of view.” He also said some mistakes in the movement, but he said this: "Some comrades replace the correct understanding of the masses with the subjectivism of 'spies are like sticks', and they don't know that they must be cautious when pointing out that some people are suspected of being spies. Many people think that they must be spies just because they are a little suspicious; since they are spies, there must be a huge organization in our region; if there is an organization, there must be a leading organization; He must be forced out of a huge spy organization system, he must be required to confess many secret service connections, he must be believed to be true, and no doubts are allowed. If this is the case, and it is indeed the case in many places, it is wrong. If there is such a The method of subjective deduction will inevitably produce amplified results, resulting in various forms of coercion, confession, and punishment." All the miscalculations and wrong practices he said were all his own doing. He never reminded people to be "cautious", but he lightly pushed the responsibility on others (whose people don't know who they are) , had nothing to do with him, so Zhou Xing said to me, "Only Kang Sheng can do this kind of report, we can't do it." Kang Sheng's main invention in the "rescue campaign" was the so-called "secret agents like hemp".In order to prove the correctness of his estimate, it is necessary to use methods of coercion, confession, and belief.Here is a brief analysis of its main methods: 1. Mental torture and extorting confessions by torture.First of all, it caused great mental pressure to the suspect, and then carried out physical torture. Between May and June 1943, Kang Sheng convened a meeting to discuss the drafting of the "Interrogation Regulations".Attending the meeting were Xu Jianguo, Zhou Xing, Tan Zhengwen, Zhou Tong, Qian Yimin, Li Kenong, Wang Jinxiang and myself.At the meeting, the two opinions were sharply opposed to whether torture could be used to extract a confession.Some people advocate that the regulations stipulate that torture can be used to extract confessions, but some people firmly oppose it.For this reason, Kang Sheng lost his temper and said, "If you don't use torture, how can you interrogate?!" Some comrades said that materials should be used!Kang Sheng said bluntly: "You have materials and you need to interrogate?!" So in the "rescue campaign" torture is quite common, such as beating, cursing, detention, "wheel battles", "fatigue battles", fake shootings, etc. , do everything you can.Prisoners are often not allowed to eat enough and not allowed to sleep, and use these methods to force those under investigation to make false confessions and false confessions. Second, sow dissension and "reveal" each other.When studying the rectification movement, there was an article against liberalism, but Kang Sheng used it to serve his own anti-revolutionary reformation.He said: "If you don't get rid of the liberal ideology in the party, you won't be able to get rid of the internal traitors. Liberalism is very serious, and the spies in that place are very rampant."This has created a situation where whoever does not "reveal" will be pressured by "liberalism", and has canceled the basic trust and spirit of seeking truth from facts among comrades.They even used some conflicts between husband and wife to make them "bite" each other, and then used it as a basis to arrest people, imprison them, and extract confessions.Kang Sheng called this "fighting poison with poison", and he said triumphantly: "Using counter-revolutionaries to carry out the work of eradicating traitors, Zhang Keqin took the lead." I don't know how many cannons and small cannons like Zhang Keqin were used!As long as there is a confession, it is like a treasure, and then the people involved are forced to snowball like this, which hurts many good comrades, and some are forced to death; it also seriously hurts the feelings among comrades and destroys the unity within the party!How many families have been broken at the same time! 3. Review files, unlimited outlines.Kang Sheng asked the organization departments of each unit to look through the files of cadres and find problems from the files, which is called "investigation and research".How to find the problem?Kang Sheng said: "...these are called three kinds of autobiography (there are actually four types below, but his original words are the same as the author's note): the autobiography written when he first came to the border area, the autobiography written during the rectification movement, the autobiography written during the censorship, and the self-examination. In the autobiography written after the office, comparing these three autobiographies, there are many contradictions. Those who are afraid of making mistakes and struggle, first leave an outline, and it is good to write an outline a hundred times. You can ask him to write his autobiography in person. We write autobiography here, and his outline is at home, so there are loopholes in writing here.”What he did was to seize the "loopholes" and make unlimited statements to extract confessions. Fourth, arrange personnel to "lead the snake out of the hole".At the beginning of the trial, Kang Sheng specially arranged some people to deliberately say some exaggerated, wrong, or even reactionary words to "lead" the other person's remarks, and then held on to the braids and did not let go. 5. "Confession" is honorable and well received.Cooperating with the above-mentioned various methods, Kang Sheng distorted the party's lenient policy and created an atmosphere of "glorious secret agents".If you don't "confess," you will be locked up and subjected to all kinds of ill-treatment and even torture.As long as you "confess", you will be free immediately, eat good food, and the more you make up, the better you will be treated.So some people "confessed" one after another in order not to suffer the immediate loss. The words of Kang Sheng quoted above are all what he said many times in Zaoyuan, Yangjialing, at the security office, and at various cadre meetings.Kang Sheng's tricks have caused many good comrades to suffer unfair injustice, and also deceived the organization.Although most of them were screened and rehabilitated later, during the "anti-rightist" and "cultural revolution" period, they were "returned", which really caused endless troubles!Kang Sheng's "contribution" can be described as great!Who did he do for? ! As the Minister of Social Affairs who had mastered the enemy's situation, Kang Sheng made a "secret-like" miscalculation of the enemy's situation.Especially the use of the "Dai case" that was cracked seems to confirm this estimate.Therefore, Kang Sheng's estimates and the various measures he decided to take made it difficult for the Party Central Committee, Chairman Mao and other leading comrades to speak easily.For example: Zhang Keqin's false confession was circulated in the central government, and Mao Zedong also read it; Wang Shiwei's case was not only approved by Mao Zedong, but starting from Wang Shiwei's case, Mao Zedong also conducted a rectification campaign to solve the two problems of bourgeoisie and non-proletariat, revolution and counter-revolution. Contradictory instructions. In December 1942, Mao Zedong made a report at the meeting of high-level cadres of the Northwest Bureau, saying based on Kang Sheng's report: There are some counter-revolutionary spies and Trotskyite reactionaries in our party who use party members as signs to carry out their activities. Wu Xiru is such a person. People, he is a cultural person, a person who participated in the high-level cadre study group. During the Southern Anhui Incident, the Kuomintang caught him and released him later, telling him to make trouble at this time.Wang Shiwei was also discovered recently, how did he discover it?He spoke here as a member of the Communist Party. Five of them organized a five-person anti-Party group. These people are Wang Shiwei, Chengquan, Wang Li, Bofang, and Zongzheng.Now it is proved that there are two counter-revolutionaries (referring to Wu Xiru and Wang Shiwei, a note by the author) counter-revolutionary in Yan'an, and published their articles in the Communist Party's party newspaper under the banner of Communist Party members. The "Decision on Continuing the Rectification Movement" issued by the Party Central Committee on April 3, 1943 stated: "The main goal of the rectification movement is to correct non-proletarian ideologies (feudal class ideology, bourgeois ideology, petty bourgeois ideology) among cadres. ideology) and the elimination of hidden counter-revolutionaries in the party. The former is the struggle between proletarian and non-proletarian ideology in the revolutionary ranks, and the latter is the struggle between revolution and counter-revolution. Since the establishment of the Anti-Japanese National United Front and the great development of our party Since becoming a member of the Communist Party, the Japanese invaders and the Kuomintang have carried out their spy policies on a large scale. They have infiltrated many spies into the party, government, military and civilian institutions of our party. The method is naturally coincidental, and the number of them is amazing. It has been fully proved in the rectification movement in Yan'an." On August 15, 1943, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Decision on Examination of Cadres". "Spies are a worldwide mass problem. If you don't understand this, you can't take correct policies." However, the real correction of the mistakes of coercion, confession, and belief, and the screening work of seeking truth from facts are also carried out in accordance with the guidance of the Party Central Committee and Chairman Mao. In the documents of the central government, there is an aspect of exaggerating the enemy's situation due to Kang Sheng's interference; there is also a side of how to be serious, realistic, and correctly conduct the work of reviewing cadres; set. On July 1, 1943, Mao Zedong wrote to Kang Sheng, instructing "two lines of prevention work: the correct line is that the head is responsible, do it yourself, the combination of leading cadres and the masses, the combination of general calls and individual guidance, and the investigation and research. , distinguish between right and wrong, win over those who have made mistakes, train cadres, and educate the masses. The wrong line is 'force, confess, and believe'. We should implement the correct line."But it didn't have any effect on Kang Sheng, he still insisted on going his own way. In April 1944, Mao Zedong asked Zhou Xing and me to meet him after reading the confessions of the prisoners we sent. He spent a whole morning patiently inspiring and guiding us to know the prisoners who gave true and false confessions. , explain why there are false statements and how to get the prisoner to tell the truth.We are very educated.On the one hand, he immediately followed Chairman Mao's instructions when he went back, and on the other hand, he reported Chairman Mao's conversation to Kang Sheng.But Kang Sheng turned a deaf ear and ignored him.Because under the banner of "rescuing those who have stumbled", what he did was to push those who did not stumble into the abyss.So he doesn't care if it's true or not, as long as he confesses, how can he reverse the case if he has a confession? ! After April 1944, various cases were finally screened and rehabilitated.This work took a long time, and most of them were screened and rehabilitated before the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China. A few people were delayed until the early days of liberation, and some people have not been able to give a clear conclusion. Before the Seventh National Congress, Mao Zedong assumed full responsibility for the "rescue campaign".He went to several units to apologize to the comrades who had been mistaken, admitting that "the rescue campaign was wrong." He said, "I apologize to everyone!" He took off his hat and bowed. When speaking these words at the Administrative College of the Border Region, he added a sentence: "If one person is in the corner, the whole house will be unhappy."Everyone was moved by Mao Zedong's sincere attitude and open-mindedness. The person directly responsible, Kang Sheng, has never admitted his mistakes, never conducted a self-criticism, and tried every means to clear himself up, and reversed the case for the "rescue movement" whenever he had the opportunity. "Anti-Rightist" and "Cultural Revolution" are the best time for him to reverse the case and display his harmful conspiracy skills. As for Kang Sheng, I didn't intend to go deep into it, and I also looked at his bad deeds in isolation, thinking that they were accidental.It was only after he did countless bad things and framed countless good comrades that I aroused my deep gratitude, and connected what he said to me with what I knew about his deeds and thought about what he was: Is it a human or a ghost? After working and living in the Soviet Union for 15 years, I returned to Yan'an from Moscow with Zhou Enlai and Ren Bishi in March 1940.At that time, Kang Sheng lived in Zaoyuan, and we lived in Lanjiaping. Zhou Enlai and Ren Bishi brought back a batch of Russian books and newspapers from Moscow. In order to make these books and newspapers play a role, Zhou Enlai made a list according to the conditions and needs of each unit, and asked me to distribute them to the heads of these agencies. Seven or eight copies.Some food and gifts were delivered directly to Chairman Mao. All the people who received the items did not respond, except Kang Sheng.He first asked who distributed these things to him?Then inquire about what else is there, and how to distribute it?And who is Shi Zhe?And eager to get rid of my details. Under the difficult conditions in Yan'an at that time, no one held any banquets, but Kang Sheng held a banquet in Zaoyuan to entertain comrades who had recently returned from Moscow.I also received invitations, but I didn't go to the banquet. The reason was very simple. I was not interested in eating just for dinner. Unexpectedly, this greatly increased Kang Sheng's interest in me.Although he didn't show his words, his deeds showed that he was very anxious.He inquired and investigated from many sources, and later learned something from Zhou Enlai's report to the Politburo-I will still return to the Communist International, so he tightened his relationship with me. In 1941, the opportunity came.Mao Zedong wanted to live in Zaoyuan, so Kang Sheng moved to Yangjialing, which was very close to Ren Bishi's residence. As Ren Bishi's political secretary, I also lived nearby.Kang Sheng got close to me through his wife Cao Yiou, showed extra concern and intimacy to me, and acted as a matchmaker for me.To be honest, I appreciated it at the time, although I vaguely felt that their actions were beyond common sense. The reason why Kang Sheng and his wife were so enthusiastic was explained in his own words soon.He said: "If you want to build a good relationship in Chinese society, stand firm, and make a fortune, you must pay attention to two channels: one is teaching, establishing a teacher-student relationship; You can get a good impression of you, and it can even become the basis of long-term friendship and grace." The reason why he pushed Jiang Qing to Mao Zedong's side was out of this idea.As for why he used me as an object for him to "stand firm" and "prosper", I gradually realized later: it was not only because I was Ren Bishi's political secretary, but also because I was responsible for the Russian translation of the Central Committee and Chairman Mao. He is often close to Chairman Mao, so he thinks it is very useful.Also because he heard that I was going back to the Communist International, he and Wang Ming wanted to use me from the experience that he and Wang Ming had been reused by some people in the Communist International. In fact, he still wanted to use the Communist International. During the five years between this time and the evacuation from Yan'an, I had frequent contact with him, sometimes more frequently.Therefore, even though he is good at disguises and clever words, he still can't help telling the truth when he is proud. In addition to his actions, I have a general understanding of him, and it has also planted the seeds of disaster for myself. Kang Sheng's real surname was Zhang, his original name was Zhang Zongke, his courtesy name was Shaoqing, and his childhood name was Zhang Wang. He was born in 1398. In 1917, his family moved to Zhucheng and changed his name to Zhang Yuxian. In the same year, he graduated from the Teachers’ Institute and changed his name to Zhang Quanping. In 1924, he was in Shanghai University and changed his name to Zhang Di or Zhang Rong. The inscription "Yanyuan" at the gate of Yan'an Zaoyuan was signed by Zhao Rong, that is, Kang Sheng.Kang Sheng is the transliteration of his Russian name in the Soviet Union.He was born in Jiao County, Shandong, and his family was a landlord.In the early years of the Republic of China, local bandits sprang up. For safety, their whole family moved to live in Zhucheng County.Kang Sheng was indeed talented. He learned to engrave seals and paint at a very young age, wrote various stickers, and learned poetry and songs from various schools. Birth does not determine a person's moral character. There are many good comrades who came from landlord families in our revolutionary ranks. Even among the three brothers of Kang Sheng, he is the only one who is special enough as the third.When he was overjoyed, he used to brag about how smart he was when he was young, how smart he was, how he had many ways, and how he looked down on his elder brother, especially his second brother. When he did bad things, he always put it on his second brother's head, and then he told his parents. The appearance of the second brother caused him to be beaten and scolded.He also talked about his ingenuity, how he can make toys, make shadow puppet figures, etc., and always try to compare and overwhelm his second brother, so that he can win the favor, protection and support in front of his elders.These stories remind me of what he did in the party. Isn't it the continuation and expansion of his mentality and tactics? There are countless examples of him beating and belittling others, and taking almost every opportunity he could take advantage of.For example, once when eating in the Zaoyuan cafeteria, he shook his head towards Hu Qiaomu and said, "The tail is up to the sky", the voice was not high, but it left a deep and impressive impression on the people around.Another example is that he expressed in front of me that he hoped that I would work in the Ministry of Social Affairs, and said that the deputy minister "Li Kenong will be working soon", but he didn't know what he said in front of Li and Nong, which made Li bitter towards me for a long time. Yu Huai, but unable to exchange views. After the "May 4th Movement", the wave of revolution in China involved Kang Sheng.He used the methods of trending, talking about friendship, talking about friendship, and attracting feelings. He first mixed in with progressive students, and then disguised himself with Marxist-Leninist phrases he heard and swallowed. He pretended to be a fool until he "covered the coffin" and cheated the "confirmation". How did Kang Sheng become a member of the Communist Party?When and where was introduced by whom to join the party?Always a mystery.I asked him this question by accident, but he spoke inconsistently and vaguely, and I never understood. One day in Yangjialing in 1942.He suddenly told me deliberately and swearingly that his referrer for joining the party was Wang Youzhi, a classmate of his at Shanghai University.Wang Youzhi is my fellow villager and a former classmate.This person died in February 1992. Wang Youzhi joined the Kuomintang after returning from the Soviet Union in 1937. He was the vice chairman of Shaanxi Province at the time, so it is naturally impossible to ask him for evidence.However, after liberation, I wrote to Wang Youzhi asking about Kang Sheng’s joining the party. Wang’s reply was beyond my expectations (I still keep this letter). A member of the league, he went to study in the Soviet Union at the end of 1926 and joined the party only on the way to Vladivostok. Before that, he could not introduce anyone to join the party, including Kang Sheng.According to his memory, Kang Sheng was also a League member at Shanghai University from 1925 to 26, but he did not join the party.As for when Kang Sheng switched to the party, he had no idea. Also in Yan'an, Kang Sheng also presented another evidence, saying that Li Yuchao, his classmate at Shanghai University, knew that he joined the party in 1925, but Li Yuchao made a statement in 1943 that he was still a member of the league before 1927. As for when Kang Sheng joined the party.He knows nothing. Kang Sheng's joining the party is a mystery, and when and how Kang Sheng became a member of the Central Committee is also a mystery. No one can prove it. 1928年康生被国民党戴笠系特务逮捕，但不到两个小时就释放了，此事早有人反映过，只因“证据不足”，未曾立案。那时的党是幼年的党，还缺乏同敌人斗争的经验，对此事电就无人重视了。 康生同王明勾结之后，很快代替了顾顺章（此人系工人出身，第六届中央委员，后为中央政治局候补委员，分管对敌斗争，领导特科，后叛变——笔者注），掌握了党的机密和保卫机关一特科。直到“文革”，与年幸存下来的同志的（如王世英，生前任山西省省长，他知道上海特科的情况，但正因如此，他在“文革”中被康生迫害致死——笔者注）面对康生这个迫害狂，才觉得当年在上海的一些不解之迷似乎有了答案。康生负责特科，曾经秘密处决过党员，都是以“混进党内的特务”的罪名处决的，而又有许多党员认为被处决的还是好同志，只因那是掌握敌情的特科所为，于是只好表示相信，还只好承认自己的“嗅觉不灵”。 康生在以后的许多时候都是占据着保卫部门，并利用这个岗位陷害同志。陈云同志说得对：“康生是鬼不是人！” 1929年一31年间，上海的党组织遭到极大破坏，共产党员和进步分子大批被捕、被杀。然而，康生夫妇却安然无恙。作为处决了大批“特务”的特科头目，这不能不是个“奇迹”！更奇特的是他从此竟大大发迹了。 1931年初，人在共产国际的王明决定在空前白色恐怖的上海召开党的六届四中全会，这个时间和地址的选择都是令人不解的。然而，这是王明和米夫（苏联人）的主意，其原因就在于米夫急于把王塞进中国共产党中央；王明则受宠若惊，也急于改变自己的境况，谋取党的高位，所以他们不顾一切地要走这一步棋。问题是这步棋怎样才能走成？王明在国外六七年，对国内情况知之甚少；米夫只是整天在办公室里读报章、刊物的一个外国人，又能有何作为？康生以他恃有的“政治嗅觉”捕捉到了这一千载难逢的好机会，便自告奋勇，要求帮助王明和米夫工作。而王明和米夫正是求之不得，于是把这次会议的一切筹备安排工作，通统交给了康生。康生果然不负所望，大显神通，在对共产党屠杀还在升级的时候，四中全会竟顺利地召开了，没有遭到任何破坏和麻烦，这还不算是天大的奇迹吗？ ! 在这次全会上，王明从一个普通党员一跃而为中央政治局委员，几个月后。由于总书记向忠发的叛变，他又直接接替了总书记。康生则由追随李立三转而紧跟王明。 这次会议的“成功”，使康生获得了重大的政治资本，从此便飞黄腾达起来，然而，党却在四中全会之后遭到了更大的破坏，更多的同志被捕和牺牲了，各大城市党的组织也同时遭到了破坏，以至于党中央不能在上海立足，党在白区的组织损失了百分之九十，党内也出现了分裂（罗章龙另立中央）。就在这腥风血雨之中，王明惊恐万状，但任总书记才一个月，便辞去该职，又以中共驻共产国际代表团团长的名义去了苏联。康生夫妇则在上海安全地呆到1933年。 中国的环境极度恶化，幸存的一批同志先后去了苏联，康生这个瘟神在王明的支持下也去了苏联。他一到苏联，便立即提任了中共驻共产国际代表团副团长之职，同王明紧紧地勾结在一起，同时施展了他陷害共产党员的本领。 1934—38年间，最苏联肃反扩大化最严重的时期之一，这种时候，正是康生最得意、最能施展本领的时候。他同王明一起，把他们所认识的、所了解的、一起工作过的或被他们利用过的中共党员，一个个地扣上“托派”、“右派”、“反党嫌疑分子”或“奸细”的帽子，提交苏联的肃反机关处置厂。李立三就是王明和康生在共产国际活动时被逮捕下狱的。半而未被处决。1938年，任弼时任中共驻共产国际代表时，才逐个审查了幸存而在押的中国同志，使他们重见天日，得以继续为革命贡献力量，对李立三的证明材料，就是我整理起草的，他于1939年获释出狱。 为了说明问题，有必要将米夫——王明——康生作一简要交代。米夫原在莫斯科中山大学任副校长兼党支部局书记，被苏联认为是中国问题的权威。王明在中山大学学习时，米夫对他很赏识，也极力提拔他，他们以师生相称。米夫后来调到共产国际为东方部负责人之一。米夫一心想选用王明，千方百计为他创造进身的条件。当时在共产国际工作的已有瞿秋白、苏兆征等同志，米夫为了把王明也拉进共产国际机关，并占据中国共产党的领导地位，才迫不及待策划了1931年在上海召开六届四中全会。 四中全会后，米夫、王明先后回到莫斯科。王明回到莫斯科简直成了一个身价百倍的大红人。米夫为了突出王明，自己退到二线，在背后给王明撑腰。米夫违背中国共产党党员的意志，费尽心血，绞尽脑汁，出尽力量，硬是让王明在共产国际以中共代表团的名义设立了独立的办公室，安排了自己的全班人马。然而，他名声虽显赫，威望却全无；权力虽无上，能力却低下，大家不佩服他，明里暗里反对他、为难他。中国青年甚至给他起了个外号一一“小鬼”，意思是“人小鬼大”，旦水平低下，很不成熟。他只会生吞活剥马列主义的一些词句，还想利用来打击别人，结果却常常使自己狼狈不堪，焦头烂额。 在这种十分窘迫的情况下，米夫和王明想到了在上海帮过他们大忙的康生。 1933年，康生到达苏联，成了王明离下开的副手。王明委托康生出使德、法等国，并顺便把毛泽东的儿子岸英和岸青从法国带到莫斯科，这正是康生的机灵之处。 在1935年的共产国际第七次代表大会上，王明作了一个长篇报告，后来印成小册子，即臭名昭著的《为中共更加布尔什维克化而奋斗》。康生在大会上为主子呐喊助威，也作了“副报告”，报告的末尾高呼“王明同志万岁”。于是他们的狼狈关系更加紧密了，他们曾不止一次联名向党内下发文件，东北地下党的负责同志（如冯仲云）就多次收到过“王康指示”。“文革”中，康生得知冯仲云保留有“王康指示”，便派人从冯仲云那里骗出来一份，予以销赃灭迹。但后来又从林某那里得知冯仲云并未全部交出，手里还存两份，康生拿不到手，便给冯仲云加了莫须有的罪名投入秦城监狱，冯仲云很快就死于狱中。 1936年苏联肃反时，国际机关在党员大会上宣布米夫是暗藏的托派分子、反党阴谋家，王明当即站出来揭发、批判米夫。这一举动使在场的人无不震惊，为之瞠目！王明的“人小鬼大”、“机灵”程度可见一斑。季米特洛夫曾说王明“这一转变，真使人哭不得笑不得”！ 无独有偶，康生的机灵劲比王明有过之而无不及。1937年11月，王明、康生两对夫妇同乘苏联飞机回到延安。据后来曹轶欧对我说的情况大概是这样：他们一下飞机，就看到以毛泽东为首的欢迎他们的阵势一一毛泽东身后站着那么多的高级干部，于是康生脑子里就转起了各种念头，考虑自己如何转变，如何改弦更张。不过，他初到延安还是极力吹捧王明的《为中共更加布尔什维克化而奋斗》，后来听到毛主席的批评，他立即又说：王明的小册子简直就是“为中共更加孟什维克化而奋斗”，并把自己喊了“王明同志万岁”的那份“副报告”文字稿立即销毁，随即向毛主席诉苦，说他在莫斯科如何受王明的歧视、排挤、打击，处处同他过不去，甚至受到迫害等等（此手法后来又用于别人身上）。应该承认，康生那一百八十度的大转变，要比王明高明得多，巧妙得多。 1939年末，周恩来到了莫斯科，在一次同季米特洛夫的谈话中，季米特洛夫间周恩来：王明回国后的表现如何？同毛泽东的关系如何？合作得好吗？周恩来回答说：不够好，甚至有一个时期，王明跑到武汉去，拉了一部分同志，企图组织自己的班底，另立中央。季米特洛夫立即严肃地说：“王明回国前，我们再三告诫他：不要以为自己是国际执委会成员，又是书记之一，就可以翘尾巴，不听党领导的话，把自己凌驾于党中央、毛泽东之上。须知，他（指毛泽东）才是在人民群众中，在实际斗争中成长起来的，所以他才是中国人民、中国革命和中国党的真正领袖，而绝不是别人。希望王明回国后放下架子，尊重毛泽东，服从党的统一领导。我和斯大林都这样告诫过他，可是他竟然不听我们的劝告，这使人很失望。他，看起来是个精灵的人，为什么在实际活动中又这么愚蠢呢？”是啊，王明是愚蠢，康生却是鬼精灵。 康生在毛主席面前洗刷了自己，但觉得还很不够。1942年初，西北局召开一次约百人的高干会议，会议的任务本是讨论、推选，通过七大飞表，然而会议期间，康生突然出现了，并要求在会上发言他讲话长达两个小时，却与会议的任务毫无关系、他讲的内容，主要是说他在莫斯科如何受王明的打击、压制、排挤、凌辱、限制，甚至给他造成了无法活动、不堪忍受的环境，以致后来他被逼病了，神经夫常了。如此等等。尽管他自己讲得慷慨激昂，听众却没有被感动。这一方面是因为他编造得太离奇，不近情理；另一方面是因为西北的同志对共产国际方面的情况都不了解，所以听不懂。而康生选择的正是这样的对象，他只要给他们一个康生与王明不合的印象便足矣，他们还可以替他宣传。我当时时他这一大篇谎言意图虽摸不透，但时他大言不惭，谎话连篇，感到愤懑。会后，我和他一同回杨家岭，边走边谈。我对他说：“你今天的讲话很新鲜，有很多新内容，人们多半不知道，你是否可以在中央机关也讲一次？”康生“哦，哦……”两声。吱吱唔唔不回答，这是我意料之中的。我实际上是将他的军，因为中央机关的同志对他和王明知者甚多，他的谎话不灵。我仍不放过，又逼问了一句：“如果你同意的话，我请弼时同志批示一下”。这时他不能不回答了，但回答很滑头。他说：“现在不要提这个问题，以后再说吧。”任弼时在中央分管西北局的工作，我当然把西北局高于会议的情况如实地向他作了汇报。当他听了康生的表演之后，一向沉着稳重的任弼时。也冷笑了一声，表示惊奇。 1940—41年间，有一次，我同陈郁参观延安柳树店的和平医院，详细地了解了外科手术设备和工作情况，一位女护士给我们讲解，她对医院情况很熟悉。参观中，她把我们带到一间十分宽敞、豁亮的大厅，里面用布帘隔成几间，其中的一间摆着一个大槽，槽内用福尔马林浸泡着一具男尸，年约30余岁。临时任解说员的护士长说：“这是医学解剖用的。原来有三具，已解剖用完一具，另一具只剩下半边，唯这具完整，还未作用”。他又接着说：“他们都是反革命分子，是由康生批准处理的。他们的姓名、来历，我们一概不知道。”我们听了颇觉诧异，便问：“他们被送来时是活人？”回答：“当然。以医病的名义送来，然后处理的”。听之令人毛骨悚然，不禁要问：康生何以一句话就可以置人于死地？ !即便是对真正的反革命分子，难道可以由康生个人定罪、判人死刑和决定行刑的方式么？ !别人不敢，康生敢！他不放过一切可以利用的机会，他正是钻了法制不健全的空子。 延安那时有一位知名的同志蔡子伟（离休前往全国政协委员，健在），他曾无缘无故被康生关押近十年。康生1937年回国不久，就借反右之名，把他关押起来。1943年，我们建议将此案重新审理，实事求是地做出结论，恰当处理，但是康生不同意，他决定继续关押，只是未敢杀害。 又如一个天真的女孩子名叫王遵级，1939年从北平跑到抗日游击区，后又到陕甘宁边区参加革命，其时只有十六七岁，仅仅因为她长相漂亮、举止文雅，又是大地主、伪华北行政区主席王克敏的侄女，康生便把她当作特务关押起来。1943年我接她的案子时，她己在监狱里度过了将近5个春秋。我找她谈话，我问：“王克敏和你是什么关系？”她说：“我叫他叔叔。”我又问她：“他怎么会让你到延安来？”她对这个问题显得有些茫然，说：“我来，他不知道。他跟我有什么关系？”我又问她：“你为什么要到延安来？”她说：“听同学说延安好，到延安来为了救亡。”我再问她：“为什么把你关起来？”回答：“不知道。”经审查，她并不是王克敏派到边区搞间谍活动的，从她的性格、能力和知识等方面看，也绝不可能担负这种任务。于是我们建议“在一定条件下”释放她，然而康生不同意，尤其是曹轶欧在旁极力阻拦，不让释放。其中原委，始终令人不解。 匡亚明同志（离休前任南京大学校长）于1928年前后在上海时，曾与康生有过工作上的联系。不知何故，康生暗中指使特科人员去谋杀他，枪击了匡亚明，幸未击中要害，死里逃生，经医治痊愈了。康生于1937年回到延安以后，匡亚明得知，在共同的目标下团结起来为党工作。于是他来到延安，找到康生。从此，他便陷入了罗网。康生先是赠他一首侮辱性的诗，诗曰：“故人不相见，相见仍如故；威武不能屈，挥之不能去。”然而匡亚明要到别处去工作，却不放他走，而是把他安置在康生自己身边，勉强给了一个政治秘书的头衔，却不让他做实际工作，更不允许他接触重要文件。匡亚明曾向我吐露过他在工作中的苦恼。我也曾问过康生那首赠诗的含义，他吞吞吐吐不能回答。到了“文化大革命”，匡亚明所受的苦难，更是难以言状了。 1944年初，从晋察冀边区经晋西北押送到陕甘宁边区四名嫌疑犯外国人，其中三名是俄罗斯人，一名是南斯拉夫人，他们本是要求借道解放区，设法去南洋或澳洲谋生的。被押送到延安后，康生命保安处把他们关押起来，不许他们前行。直到1947年初，胡宗南进攻陕甘宁边区时，又把包括这四名外国人在内的一批犯人押送到后方永坪一带。康生从瓦窑堡经永坪到山西去时，在行进中顺便指示保安处将这批人连同王实味一起处决了，处决后把尸体全部塞进一个枯井里。胡宗南的部队到达后，发现了这些尸体，也有人告诉他们这些尸体为何许人。胡军便将尸体拉出来陈列示众，大肆张扬了一阵。由于此事对我军的声誉和影响极为不利，彭德怀极为不满，大发脾气。接着中央的周恩来、陆定一，西北的林伯渠、贺龙、习仲勋等同志对此事都作了批评和指责。保安处长周兴只好自己承担责任，受批评，挨斗争。而真正下命令的人康生却装聋作哑，似乎全无责任。 “文革”中，康生操纵一部分红卫兵，揪斗当时在北京养病的山西省省长王世英，不拿出任何证据，只说“王世英是坏人”，便把他残酷地活活打死。而置王世英于死地的真正原因，却是王世英对康生在上海时的劣迹和罪恶行径太了解了，所以康生惜此机会杀人人灭口，掩人耳目。 原陕甘宁边区保安处副处长刘海宾是长征老干部，又是残疾，解放后任西北工学院党委书记。“文革”中，康生对西安来北京的学生代表们说：“刘海宾是老特务，是叛徒，要查清”。学生们回去后对刘批斗了一个多月，却找不到任何疑点。学生代表二次来京，向康生要证明材料，康生却矢口否认了自己讲过的话。学生代表虽然感到茫然，却也无可奈何，只好不了了之。 康生在“文革”中是置身于“保护圈”里面害人的。康生干了一辈子坏事，在党内数十年，一直干着危害党的勾当，然而几乎步步、件件都能得逞，这是值得人们深思的。 江青钻到毛泽东身边，也是康生和曹轶欧的“杰作”。江青的手段是得到康生的真传的，而江青得逞之后，便实际上成了康生通往毛主席的一条暗道机关。因此康生对政治风向的嗅觉才特别灵敏；因此康生总是占据着特殊的地位，干了坏事无人敢追究。 康生同江青之间的微妙关系，许多人看出了一些蛛丝马迹，但并不真正了解。在延安时，康生和江青分别同我闲聊中，吐露过一些真情实况，后来目睹种种怪现象，使我储存在脑海中的零散印象渐渐连贯起来，大致如下： 江青原名李云鹤，后改为蓝苹，出生于山东诸城县城东门外，家道中下。蓝苹姐妹二人，姐姐其貌不扬，父母不许她上学，裹起脚来，待机出嫁。妹妹蓝苹，自幼聪慧，长相端正，身材窈窕，父母偏爱。她上小学时，学校在城内东街南头，上学下学，必经当地大户张家的门前。这张家就是康生的家。康生由于一贯的放荡不羁，迁到诸城后，很快就成了有名的花花公子。他十五六岁娶妻，不到20岁生了第一个儿子即张子实。这个二十几岁的有妻有子的少爷，每天准时站在大门外的台阶上，以贪婪的目光迎着打这里经过的蓝苹。康生在得意忘形之时曾经这样说过：“蓝苹虽然年龄还小，但身材修长，发育较早，从外表看，像是很懂事的人了。” 蓝苹14岁时，家里经济拮据，父亲便领着她学艺卖艺，她自己也因为可以走南闯北而乐于此道。当她得知上海是个繁华世界时，便决计到上海去。 1925年，康生、蓝苹先后到了上海（并非相约）。康生在上海大学读书，并很快爱恋上了女同学曹轶欧，遗弃了自己的结发妻子。曹轶欧和康生既是同乡，又同属贵族阶层，他们一拍即合。曹轶欧正处于年轻气盛之时，雄心勃勃，壮志不已，不幸而到处碰壁，曾给鲁迅写信倾诉自己的郁郁心情。然而她却能驾驭康生，不许他寻花问柳，甚至不许他同女同学接近。所以康生虽然知道蓝苹也到了上海，却无法接近她。 蓝苹到上海之后，凭自己的美貌和风流，很快结识了许多朋友，加入艺人的行列，而且十分活跃，这一点也是康生自惭不及的。不过在十里洋场，蓝苹要飞黄腾达，仅有这个条件是不够的，她尚有自知之明，不过分追求自己的身价。还由于她自己的放任不羁，声誉也不高雅，有些人评她为四流的明星。 蓝苹由于在社会上很活跃，便成了国民党特务关注和控制的对象之一，康生直到临死之前才对王海容和康闻生说江青在上海时被特务机关突击过(突击，是指逮捕后立即逼其叛变自首，并答应为他们服务，旋即释放，以掩人耳目），也玷污了她。 1937年抗日战争爆发后，仅两个月，蓝苹便到了陕西，并经西安到了延安。从西安与她同行的还有张茹之等三人，途中她们互相了解到彼此都有些污点，于是商定严加保密，互不暴露。这一点是“文革”后人所共知的。蓝苹到延安即进入鲁迅文学艺术院学习。 同年11月，康生夫妇从莫斯科回到延安不久，康生便担任了中央社会部部长，还兼任中央党校校长，曹轶欧则任中央党校干部长。很快，康生便知道蓝苹己到延安并在鲁艺学习。他同蓝苹取得了联系，并将蓝苹以及同蓝苹一起从西安来的几个人都调到中央党校，把她们编在一个班、一个组，称“特别组”，由曹轶欧新自管理。蓝苹改名江青。 康生住在枣园。枣园原系陕北一个土军阀高双成的家园，围墙耸立，果木成林。康生把这里弄得神秘莫测，不仅不准任何人进入，甚至不许人接近此地，如无意中郊游至枣园附近，便有可能被怀疑为“敌特”、“奸细”，后来毛泽东住进枣园，康生搬出了枣园，直到撤离延安的整个过程，康生为社会部设在枣园门口的收发和传达一直未撤掉，形成两套收发和传达，可见康生对高围墙的偏爱。当时的枣园，自然是警卫森严，但江青却可以自由出入，去会见康生。 1938年初，毛泽东的夫人贺子珍（又名志贞）离开延安经西安八路军办事处去苏联治病，行前已身怀有孕。孩子后来生在苏联，未能成活。贺子珍离开延安刚到西安的时候，康生和曹轶欧便急不可待地把江青塞到毛泽东身边。 江青是以毛遂自荐的方式出现在毛泽东面前