Chapter 8 ○7. Taking over Xi'an to consolidate the new regime

After 28 years of arduous struggle, the Communist Party of China, which grew from dozens of people, finally defeated enemies at home and abroad, and ushered in the birth of the People's Republic amidst the sound of cannons that finally destroyed the reactionary forces and the cheers of the people. 1949 is the most glorious year with epoch-making significance in the history of the Chinese nation. On May 20, 1949, Xi'an, the largest city in Northwest China, was liberated.Although the sound of cannons was still rumbling 30 miles away, the Xi'an Military Control Commission had solemnly declared its establishment. Announcements on Anmin issued by the director of the Military Control Commission, Commander He Long, were posted all over the streets and alleys, and the takeover work was carried out comprehensively and quickly.Jia Tuofu, as a member of the Standing Committee of the Northwest Bureau, a member of the Northwest Military and Political Committee, the deputy director of the Northwest Finance and Economics Committee (Peng Dehuai as the director), the first deputy director of the Xi'an Military Control Committee, the secretary of the Xi'an Municipal Party Committee and the mayor of Xi'an, immediately entered the center and nervously directed the city's Take over the job.

At this time, Jatov was only 37 years old.Although he returned to the place where he once lived underground and fought with his life as a victor, as the "Supreme Chief" of Xi'an City after seizing power, he didn't have the time and energy to appreciate such Huge and profound changes.Although the party organization and he himself have made a lot of preparations for this transformation, he and his comrades are full of confidence in doing a good job in various new tasks, but the intricacies of things that are coming to him still weigh him and him. Comrades are out of breath.The pride of victory is indeed exciting them, but new serious, heavy and more complicated tasks are immediately presented in front of them.They did not have the time to appreciate and appreciate the fruits of their own victories. Instead, they struggled harder and worked more diligently and cautiously in their new jobs after taking over the regime.This is the fate and life path of that generation of Communists.The victory of the Chinese revolution and the success of the construction of the Republic were achieved precisely through the struggle of the people led by that generation.History tells people: If leaders relax their responsibilities a little bit, or deviate slightly from their destined life path, even if they feel tired and want to take a break, then tragedy may happen at any time.It should be recognized and fortunate that the older generation of Communists did not neglect their responsibilities at that time. After all, due to their efforts and contributions, a solid foundation has been laid for the great cause of the country and the people.

In fact, as early as April 21, 1948, when Yan'an was restored and the holy land of revolution returned to the embrace of the Communist Party and the people from the hands of Chiang Kai-shek and Hu Zongnan, the People's Liberation Army in the Northwest Battlefield entered the stage of a comprehensive counter-offensive, taking over the work of the Kuomintang-ruled areas, especially Xi'an. Preparations were put on the agenda of the Northwest Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.Jatov took up the task of chairing and organizing this new effort.He convened several meetings successively to understand and sort out information on various aspects of Xi'an, and personally drafted a takeover work plan. On February 9, 1949, Jatov reported the "Preliminary Plan on Preparing to Accept Xi'an" to the Northwest Bureau, which was approved by the Northwest Bureau.The plan consists of eight areas, namely:

(A) Collection and investigation of the situation in Xi'an; (B) accept Xi'an's policy research and preparation; (c) The organization and preparation of the Xi'an Military Control Commission; (D) accept the preparation of cadres in Xi'an; (e) preparation and training of the garrison; (f) Training of cadres entering the city; (G) Necessary preparations for supply; (Xin) Preparations for several other technical issues. This plan can be described as quite comprehensive and specific. For example, the organization and division of labor of the Military Control Commission includes: Government Affairs Department, Finance Department, Agriculture and Forestry Department, Finance Department, Industry and Commerce Department, Enterprise Department, Transportation Department, Logistics Department, Culture and Education Department, Public Security Department, Secretary In addition to clearly planning the tasks of each department, the number of people in each department and where they are drawn from are involved.Another example is the preparation requirements for supply: "The troops and cadres entering the city should bring their own dry food for 3 days, so that in the first 3 days, the supply can be properly resolved in a planned way without breaking discipline." "If Xi'an counts 500,000 people, It needs 600 tons of grain and 300 to 400 tons of coal per day, including oil, salt, vegetables, etc., at least 1,100 tons. The trading company plans to organize four companies for flower gauze, oil and salt, grain and fuel to control prices. Make adjustments." "The biggest difficulty in Xi'an is fuel, which must be prepared in advance, and try to keep the Tongguan (outskirts of Tongchuan today) to Xianyang railway uninterrupted to facilitate transportation" and so on.

On February 28, the Standing Committee of the Northwest Bureau decided to set up a 16-member committee to accept Xi'an, with Jia Tuofu as the director. In April, various takeover groups and cadres were formally established. On May 12, the "Discipline and Precautions for Entering the City" was issued. On May 18, Jia Tuofu was officially appointed as Secretary of the Xi'an Municipal Party Committee and Mayor. On May 20, the Military Control Committee was appointed. The directors and deputy directors and members of the public housing management committee. On May 20, the leading troops of the People's Liberation Army invaded Xi'an, the military control committee personnel entered on the 23rd, and officially opened on the 24th.At the same time, the Military Control Commission Announcement Guanzi No. 1 was issued, announcing the formal establishment of the Military Control Commission, with director He Long, deputy directors Jia Tuofu, Zhao Shoushan, and Gan Siqi.So far, the receiving work in Xi'an is in full swing.

The first important thing for Jatov after he entered Xi'an was to quickly stabilize social order and resume various productions in accordance with the instructions of the Party Central Committee.They imitated Chen Yun's experience in taking over Shenyang, "according to the system, top-down, intact, first receiving and then dividing", so that the takeover work can be completed smoothly.There is no need to go into details about the specific takeover work and its scenes here. However, when entering a big city from a rural base area and managing the city, especially if you have no experience in urban work and management, you also have to face the serious damage and damage caused by the enemy. The stubborn resistance of the remnant forces and the difficulties and complicated struggles they have experienced are difficult for us to understand today.In order to give people a brief impression of that period of history and the struggles of that generation of communists, we would like to learn from the "Summary of Xi'an City Takeover Work" written by Jia Tuofu on July 20, 1949 and the Northwest Bureau written on August 10. In the "Comprehensive Report on the Work of Xi'an Military Control Commission for Two Months" written by Peng Dehuai, He Long, and Xi Zhongxun, some content is quoted:

The takeover work summary reads: “Xi’an was liberated on May 20th, the military control committee’s leading body entered the city on the 23rd, and announced the establishment of the military control committee on the next day; successively announced the establishment of the city government, police superintendent, court, and bank from the 26th. etc. 3,500 takeover personnel arrived on the 27th, and then started to take over one after another. It took about one month, and the takeover work came to an end. At the same time as the takeover work, work, business, classes and necessary reforms were carried out , inventory and rectification and other management work.”

The comprehensive report reads: "The process of taking over and work... is generally smooth, and there are no major problems in policy (but there are many minor problems). There are differences in progress, but generally they resume work, business, and classes relatively quickly, and some reforms have begun, and some new atmospheres have grown. The experience of this takeover proves that preparations in advance are necessary. Since we are in Yan'an At that time, we conducted investigations and studies and specific preparations on the division of labor and methods of the takeover object, which enabled us to take the initiative in the takeover and avoid serious confusion or mistakes that may occur."

In the comprehensive report, Jia Tuofu summarized the situation of takeover and restoration work, Sute bandit clearing and public security work, financial and trade work, publicity and organization of the masses, pre-support and general municipal work.It is worth mentioning that although these two materials reflect the progress and achievements of Xi'an's takeover work and have laid a good foundation for future work, there is no adjective or function word in the whole text, but serious and sincere I wrote a two-month work review on a local topic, pointing out that although the leadership has implemented the party's policy, no major mistakes have been found, and the work policy has been proved to be correct, but due to the lack of ideological and professional preparation for how to do specific work , need to be gradually explored and solved in the intense and complicated actual work after entering the city, and the overall work is not grasped tightly, and some phenomena of anarchy and unorganization have occurred, which reveals that the ideological leadership is not enough and the organization is not strong. ; In terms of ideological status, there is a tendency of closed-doorism and empiricism, and the enthusiasm of the masses is underestimated, and the mobilization is not enough.He also pointed out that this is related to the transition of some cadres in liberated areas from rural areas to urban work, and some underground party members from a secret state to an open environment. "It should be admitted that our management ability and experience are indeed insufficient. It is reasonable for people outside the party to criticize us for 'being able to manage the army but not governing, living a simple life, and being unfamiliar with business'." Find out all kinds of old personnel who have experience and ability, and be good at learning from them, so as to gradually find a solution.”

We quote these contents, does not mean that Xi'an city takeover work is not doing well.In fact, the Xi'an takeover was quite successful.Not only did the expected goal be accomplished in a short period of time, the regime change was successfully realized, and the foundation was quickly laid in all aspects of work, but also, the road to recovery and development of production was quickly embarked on, creating a good foundation for the liberation of the entire Northwest region. conditions of.Just one example can illustrate the problem: At that time, in order to completely wipe out Hu Zongnan's army, the Yang Dezhi and Zhou Shidi corps of the People's Liberation Army had to go to the front line and asked to raise 50,000 bags of flour within 5 days.Since the work in Xi'an is progressing well in all aspects, the task was completed in 3 days.The first 200,000 bags of military noodles, military rations, and ammunition were provided in two months, and they were transported by rail to the scheduled location on time; telecommunications and postal services were basically uninterrupted, and the power plant began to supply power on the third day after the liberation of Xi'an. Important industries such as railway transportation also fully resumed production in about 20 days, and the takeover task was completed in only two months, laying the foundation for regular operation.What we want to say is that in the two-month summary of military control, Jatov did not report good news or bad news. He did not write official articles, but sought truth from facts. Starting from work, he comprehensively summed up experience and shortcomings. Communists are loyal to the cause of the party, serve the people wholeheartedly, work hard, be strict with self-discipline, be modest and prudent, and have a meticulous revolutionary spirit.They don't like to make great achievements, cover up their mistakes, and don't rest on their laurels.It is these excellent qualities that ensure that the party's cause maintains a strong vitality, goes forward and wins continuously.Jatov has always adhered to these basic qualities. Therefore, he himself is competent in various jobs and environments, and has been recognized and praised.Looking back now, how much people hope that the Communists, especially the leaders at all levels, can always maintain the spiritual outlook during the war and the early founding of the Republic!

When describing this period of work, it should also be mentioned that since Director He Long will soon focus on cooperating with Liu and Deng's army to march into the Southwest, and the other two deputy directors, Zhao Shoushan and Gan Siqi, both worked in the former general headquarters, so the work of the Xi'an Military Control Commission Basically all of them were hosted by Jatov.He is also responsible for the formation of Xi'an's party and government leading organs and the important tasks of financial and economic work in Northwest China. The burden is not light.As for the secretariat next to Jia Tuofu, apart from Chang Lifu, who is the secretary-general, and Yang Xiaochu, the deputy secretary-general, there are only more than 10 secretaries. The staff is very capable and flexible.According to Chang Lifu’s recollection, he and Jia Tuofu often wrote documents at night, often sleeping for a while and Jia wrote first, Jia went to bed at three or four o’clock in the middle of the night, often got up to continue writing, and took the manuscript to make a report after dawn, or Send it to the Northwest Bureau for consideration.They never get tired, and they are full of pride and joy. When he succeeded in taking over the work of Xi'an in the first two months, Jia Tuofu promptly proposed to the Northwest Bureau, Peng Dehuai, He Long, Xi Zhongxun and other leading comrades that the focus of Xi'an's work in the next stage "must be shifted to fully recovering and developing public and private production, At the same time, refugees, vagrants, and unemployed are organized in a planned and step-by-step manner to change jobs, find jobs, or evacuate to rural areas, in order to increase production, reduce consumption, and seek to further stabilize social order and people's livelihood. Others... must revolve around the center of production and employment. It cannot be carried out in isolation." He believes: "This is an economic and social problem with the most extensive and fundamental nature, and it is an inevitable phenomenon in a consumer city in the early days of liberation. Other major urban issues Problems, such as public security and financial problems, are closely related to the solution of this problem, and the basic solution to this problem is to actively produce employment, not to passively maintain relief.” For this reason, he boldly proposed: “In order to facilitate the concentration of Leaders, after the military control work is summarized, the military control committee should systematically hand over the various production and administrative operations required to the leaders and management of the competent departments, so that the work can be on the right track and advanced quickly.” And correspondingly proposed strengthening A series of work guidelines, measures and policy recommendations for management, development of production, improvement of business and termination of takeover work, and strengthening of the supervisory system. These opinions may seem natural and unremarkable now, but it was commendable to be able to ask questions in this way when he first came to the city to take over the regime for two months.Among them, the ruling political party should focus on economic construction and production development; it should transform consumer cities into industrial productive cities to promote the country's industrialization; it should gradually realize scientific management and gradually establish a normal business order. sex issue.These insights are not easy for a political leader who has struggled in the rural base areas and the Revolutionary War for a long time.From this, it is not difficult to see that Jatuofu has a deep understanding of the spirit of the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee. It can also be seen that due to long-term struggle practice and his own loyal and realistic efforts, he has become quite mature. After the reception and recovery of military control in Xi'an City came to an end successfully, and all the work was basically on track, Jia Tuofu's main energy turned to economic work, and he devoted himself to the Northwest Finance and Economics Committee, which he was actually in charge of, and devoted himself to the recovery of finance and economics in the Northwest region. , stability and development of the cause. China has been an agricultural country for a long time, and it attaches great importance to the recovery and development of agriculture, which is the basic link of economic recovery and development.When Jatov wrote the article "On Transformation" before entering the city, he once said: "The strategic transfer from the countryside to the city is extremely necessary and correct. But we must never only care about the city, ignore the countryside, and only care about industry, trade and Finance, but ignore agriculture. If you only focus on one end, you will make a big mistake.” In the financial work in the early days of the liberation of Northwest China, he personally practiced this idea.For example, he once pointed out that the area of ​​Northwest China accounts for one-fifth of the country, but its population only accounts for five percent. It is a multi-ethnic area with extremely backward agriculture and animal husbandry, and its economic structure is very irrational.Therefore, in addition to carrying out land reform in the new areas in a leadership, orderly, and step-by-step manner in accordance with the "Land Reform Law" promulgated by the central government, the Northwest must first increase agricultural production. crop.First restore the production level to the highest level before the war (the old liberated areas should be one step higher than the current production).We should put animal husbandry in an important position, focus on solving the problem of dead sheep and fodder, and change "human raising livestock" to "animal raising people".He also put forward a preliminary commodity economy slogan, that is, to strive to make the farmers and herdsmen of the Northwest "have something to eat, something to sell, and something to save."In particular, he noticed that 70% of the cotton and wool in the northwest region were sold to the whole country, and the wheat could be exchanged with other regions.He has begun to see the ways to use regional advantages, develop commodity production, and invigorate circulation to promote the regional economy, as well as their significance to the Northwest economy.It is a pity that Jia Tuofu himself did not have time to conduct further research and elaboration on these simple and feasible commodity production ideas. However, these practical and correct ideas of Jia Tuofu have been implemented under the leadership of the Northwest Bureau and the Northwest Military and Political Committee, making farmers in the Northwest region It took only two years for the animal husbandry to recover from the brink of bankruptcy, and grain production soon surpassed the level before liberation. Just as Jatov said in his two-month summary of military control: entering the city, stabilizing order, and consolidating the political power is the central link to fully restore and develop public and private production.Jia Tuofu led the Xi'an Party and government agencies and the Northwest Finance and Economics Committee to devote great efforts in this regard.From the first day of taking over the work, a call was put forward to quickly resume production and resume business.They first mobilized the workers to protect the factory, and took advantage of the good foundation of the party organization in the workers' ranks and the favorable situation under the conditions of military control to resolutely crack down on the sabotage activities of the hidden enemy. To resume production.It took just over two days for the power plant to partially supply power and restore street lights; the railway was restored and opened to traffic in just 20 days; Dahua Textile Factory also resumed work ahead of schedule in just 20 days, and 30,000 spindles were booming again; telecommunications, postal services, auto repair and transportation , almost never stopped, and the business soon doubled before liberation.The three banks of China, farmers, and Shaanxi resumed operations in less than a month; other public enterprises that were taken over also resumed work successively, such as machinery, soap, tanning, printing, flour, textiles, and so on.Private enterprises and handicrafts also produced in succession for more than a month.All of these have demonstrated the vitality and efficiency of the new regime, greatly promoted various undertakings, and brought the whole society into a new stage of normal operation as soon as possible.Since then, they have continued to expand and develop the production of state-owned enterprises, and at the same time support and help private industrial handicraftsmen, so that the production activities under the leadership of the new regime will soon surpass those before liberation and reach a new level. To restore and develop the urban industrial and commercial economy, it is much more difficult for Communists who have just entered the cities than to restore and develop agricultural production.Jia Tuofu led the Northwest Finance and Economics Committee to resolutely implement the instructions of the Party Central Committee and the Central Finance and Economics Committee, unify finance and economics, and adjust industry and commerce. In March 1950, Jia Tuofu carefully organized the warehouse inventory and strictly counted. At the same time, he carefully determined the establishment and consumption, and practiced economy. According to the requirements of the central government, except for local surcharges, all public grain, taxes and materials were handed over to the central government for unified dispatch and use. , the establishment and implementation of a unified national revenue and expenditure management system and other powerful measures quickly reversed the soaring prices caused by long-term inflation and promoted financial and price stability. Entering the city and taking over the political power, one cannot simply adopt a set of methods of wartime communism, and must face the economic environment based on capitalism.At that time, the new regime was immediately faced with the situation of fighting against multiple currency systems, silver coins, copper coins and speculative activities in actual circulation.Although, the new government announced the RMB as the standard currency as soon as it was established, and as early as December 22, 1948, before entering the city, a circular was issued in the name of He Long, then director of the Northwest Finance and Economics Committee, and Jia Tuofu, deputy director, announcing that from January 1, 1949 The "People's Bank of China Notes" circulated by the People's Bank of China will be issued onAt the same time, the price was announced, and silver and copper dollars were exchanged; the price levels of the liberated major cities were also announced to promote the legal circulation of RMB in the market and stabilize prices; Therefore, the silver dollar and copper dollar were quickly separated from the bank and circulated in the market openly. The silver dollar dealers sold them openly on the street, causing prices to rise. The new regime faced the first major price fluctuation in less than a month, directly threatening the stability of the regime. .Jia Tuofu immediately led the government and financial institutions to fight against the sale and use of silver and copper coins.He explicitly banned the trading of silver coins and copper dollars, and increased the exchange rate for silver coins by 58 percent; ordered public utility agencies to refuse to accept silver coins, and only accepted RMB; on the premise of abolishing a few unreasonable and exorbitant taxes, the tax authorities immediately began to levy taxes at the rate of the original tax system. , Inspect and ban silver dollar dealers in the market; the judiciary does not accept all cases of silver dollar debt disputes; actively promotes to the public to maintain the renminbi and not use silver dollars; at the same time, order state-owned trading companies to actively organize supplies, sell goods, and suppress prices.This series of measures took effect quickly, driving Yinyang into the black market, copper coins were completely banned, prices began to stabilize, and RMB began to expand in the market. Not long after, the Kuomintang army fought back against Xianyang and Xi'an.Bandit stepped up sabotage and publicity, causing people's hearts to fluctuate. The black market Yinyang suddenly soared by more than 3 times, causing prices to soar again. Many shops have refused to accept RMB, and many shops have closed down.The struggle on the Yinyang issue has become more complicated due to political and military reasons.Jia Tuofu and various government departments cooperated to severely suppress the counter-revolutionary activities of bandits. Taking advantage of the arrival of the large army in North China and the news of the front line, they actively expanded the publicity. At the same time, the materials organized by the trading company increased and sold to the market. And announced that the public grain will be discounted by 50% in RMB.Banks actively carried out remittance, deposit, and loan businesses, and sold silver at low prices on the black market to attack the black market with the black market, thus calming down the secondary fluctuations again. In the third month of the new regime, Yinyang made trouble again, and prices rose again.However, due to the favorable political and military situation, a series of measures adopted continued to take effect, so no major fluctuations occurred. These repeated struggles on the Yinyang issue are actually a struggle against the stubborn resistance of the invisible enemy.Jatov is well aware of the essence and complexity of this kind of struggle, so he clearly stated: To implement the party's economic policy, "to implement the party's financial policy, we must fight resolutely against Yinyang, and to combat Yinyang, we must implement a comprehensive Mobilization, that is, the coordination of administrative power and economic power, the coordination of government power and mass power, the coordination of cities and villages, and the coordination of this area with that area. Under the unified policy and steps in all directions, we will resolutely attack silver coins and speculators. In order to achieve results. Gradually reduce the position of the silver dollar, expand the position of the renminbi, and finally eliminate the silver dollar and implement the unification of the local currency. But we must realize that this is a long-term and arduous struggle, and we should not ask for it too hastily.” The struggle against silver dollars is essentially the struggle to curb inflation and stabilize prices, and it is the primary task of taking over work in the economic field.After several months of hard work, prices in the northwest region were basically stable by the turn of spring and summer in 1950.Jia Tuofu reviewed it at the second meeting of the Xi’an Military and Political Committee on July 10, 1950: In late February 1950, the average price of 60 commodities in Xi’an City increased by 243% compared with the end of December 1949, of which 14 commodities Up 381%.However, the situation changed after March. The average price of the above-mentioned 60 commodities fell by 30% compared with late February, of which 14 commodities fell by 38%. .By the beginning of May, it became stable, stopped the price inflation for more than 10 consecutive years, and solved the problem that the Kuomintang had not solved for more than 10 years.In fact, the price level of Xi'an has always been lower than that of big cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Nanjing. This is a remarkable achievement. These struggles led by Jatov have played a great role in the stability, recovery and development of the economy in Xi'an and the northwest region, and have also become a good experience in accepting urban work. Before entering the city, Jia Tuofu once said: To take over the city and restore the economy, there must be a correct industrial and commercial policy, which should be beneficial to the national economy and the people's livelihood, and a policy that correctly treats old personnel....After entering the city, he actively implemented the principles and policies of the Party Central Committee, and adopted a positive and cautious attitude towards urban industry and commerce.On the one hand, strengthen the state-owned economy formed by the confiscated bureaucratic capital, making it the leading force of the national economy; , Politically, we welcome capitalists who left the factory on the eve of liberation because they did not understand the Communist Party's policy to return to the factory and continue to operate.In addition to the establishment of industrial and commercial bureaus in various places, a "private enterprise department" was also specially established to manage private enterprises.In response to shrinking production and unsalable products faced by industry and commerce, the government provides support and coordination by expanding processing orders, focusing on support, reducing blindness in production, improving business management, taking into account the five economic sectors, and strengthening guidance.He also proposed to "balance public and private interests" and "benefits to both labor and capital" to actively guide and properly coordinate the resolution of labor disputes and wage issues....Due to the adoption of a series of policies and measures conducive to the restoration of production and economic development at that time, the industrial and commercial economy of Northwest China was able to recover and develop relatively quickly. It is worth mentioning that at that time, some people accused Jia Tuofu of being a "rightist", saying that it is impossible to engage in "combination of public and private interests" with capitalists, etc.Jatov firmly believed that he did not exceed the policy limits of the Party Central Committee, and categorically withstood all kinds of accusations.He pointed out that the theoretical basis of this kind of argument is the so-called "selflessness" to "have the public". It just denies the law of the unity of opposites between public and private under specific historical conditions. Deviation from the central policy is incompatible with Mao Zedong Thought.This was the case for Jatov, who started his career in economics after liberation, insisting on seeking truth from facts and taking political risks. During his leadership of Northwest Finance and Economics, Jia Tuofu attached great importance to the leading role of the working class and paid full attention to the enthusiasm of the workers.There are 500,000 workers in the Northwest, and Jia Tuofu was elected as the chairman of the Northwest Federation of Trade Unions.In order to further mobilize the masses of workers, he and his comrades from the Federation of Trade Unions, under the leadership of the party and the government, resolutely abolished the feudal leader system that oppressed workers, the body search system that insulted workers, banned reactionary societies, and first established among industrial workers (railway, railway, etc.) Oil mines, textile mills, Kuomintang logistics and munitions factories, etc.) organize workers to manage themselves and educate themselves. At the same time, they also pay special attention to grasping policies to prevent workers from raising some excessive demands that cannot be met for a while.At the same time, the correct implementation of the principle of giving consideration to both public and private interests and the benefits of both labor and capital has made the complex labor-capital relations more harmonious, stabilized the workforce, raised workers' consciousness, and promoted economic recovery and development. Du Yanqing, vice-chairman of the Northwest Federation of Trade Unions at the time, recalled: “When Comrade Tuofu entered Xi’an, he was extremely busy, and the Northwest Federation of Trade Unions was a part-time job, but he attached great importance to the work of the trade union, and he made time to listen to any important reports. He personally deployed the important work, and he didn’t think it was an extra burden. I remember that in 1950, to promote the experience of the Fifth Third Factory, Jatov also personally presided over the conference to spread the experience...” "At that time, we had no experience with trade unions, so we asked for instructions whenever we had something, and no matter how busy he was, no matter whether he was in office hours or rest time, whether at work or at home, he never shirked. See you and discuss with us. The trade union meeting often invites him to speak. He always understands the situation in advance, asks for opinions, and clearly solves the problem. Therefore, his speeches are always very targeted, and he never speaks casually. It's okay to be clichéd. He speaks at a high level and speaks deeply and vividly, and we are always happy to ask him to speak, because his speeches always exceed our hopes and requirements. We all regard him as a very competent trade union leader. Not long after the liberation of the Northwest, trade unions were quickly established in various places, and learning, production, and labor competition were quickly launched and on the right track, all of which were inseparable from his leadership.” In all kinds of complicated work, Jia Tuofu is also good at discovering and grasping some key issues.At that time, he keenly pointed out that we should attach great importance to the unity, education and use of technical personnel.In the first few years after taking over Xi'an, he emphasized on almost all occasions where financial issues were discussed: economic construction without technical personnel will accomplish nothing.He often criticized some cadres for belittling science and technology and scientific and technological personnel as narrow empiricism.At the same time, at many schools and technical conferences, he mobilized and encouraged technical personnel to serve the people, pointing out that a purely technical viewpoint divorced from politics and an irresponsible attitude towards the cause of the people are dangerous. When Jia Tuofu worked in Northwest Finance and Economics, he was a very pragmatic person who handled a lot of specific work.But he is not a busy transactionist, he pays great attention to transforming his thinking and style of work in order to adapt to the ever-changing new situation.In his "On Transformation" written before he entered the city and in a series of reports, speeches and articles after he entered the city, there was a distinct point of view that left a deep impression on people.That is, he has repeatedly emphasized that after entering the city, the unification of finance and economic development is a new transformation of the national economy. The difficulties and resistance are quite large, and these negative factors cannot be underestimated.Of course, these difficulties and resistance come from the enemy's sabotage, resistance from speculators, etc., but it is more important to see that the difficulties and resistance also come from ourselves, from the thinking and style of some cadres.He repeatedly emphasized that the fundamental changes brought about by the transition from the countryside to the city have made it impossible for everyone to do things in the old way, and to deal with new problems based on experience.Therefore, the transformation of ideological style is an important task of the party's ideological construction and an important content of our own work. Whoever ignores this point will make big mistakes and suffer big falls. This is how he understands the problem, and this is how he demands himself.Although there were a lot of work in all aspects during the early establishment of the regime, he still paid great attention to study, investigation and research, paid great attention to changing new situations, and constantly deepened his systematic thinking and understanding of problems.Not enough time and energy, he called on and relied on lower-level cadres to do so, brainstorming, and absorbing new things from everyone.He had a commendable method of drafting reports, summaries and articles himself, without relying on secretaries and staff.This is not his habit of being called a "wit", nor does it mean that he does not trust secretaries and staff, but uses this method to systematically sort out and think deeply about some issues, so as to make his thoughts and guidance for work more practical needs, but can be slightly higher than the actual.This has indeed benefited him a lot in his work, and it has also taught the cadres around him a lot. It has a great effect on him becoming a qualified and competent leading cadre. Jia Tuofu did a lot of work between entering Xi'an and being transferred to the central government in the autumn of 1952, and made outstanding contributions to the restoration, stability and development of the financial front in the Northwest region.It is impossible (and unnecessary) to describe them in detail here, but we would like to mention two more important works in which he participated.The first is that he assisted Peng Dehuai in solving the problem of peaceful liberation of Xinjiang; the second is that he specifically led the work of the Three Antis and Five Antis Movement in Northwest China. General Wang Zhen led the heroic 359th Brigade as the main force of the People's Liberation Army into Xinjiang, prompting the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang on September 25, 1949.In the winter of the same year, Jia Tuofu, together with Peng Dehuai, commander of the First Field Army and chairman of the Northwest Military and Political Committee, and General Zhang Zhizhong, vice chairman of the Northwest Military and Political Committee, went to Xinjiang to deal with the military, political and important financial issues of peaceful liberation. There are 14 ethnic groups in Xinjiang, known as the "Oriental Ethnic Expo".During the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang, the great rivers and mountains in Xinjiang were ruined. The oppression and class exploitation of Han chauvinism made the economy of this region very backward, the people of all ethnic groups lived in extreme poverty, and the gap between ethnic groups was very deep.The most important task at that time was to build a unified family in which all ethnic groups were united and harmonious.Stabilizing the economy and life as soon as possible, and healing the wounds suffered under the Kuomintang rule are the urgent prerequisites for solving this central task.President Peng went to Xinjiang in person and repeatedly emphasized the need to correctly implement the party's ethnic policy, respect ethnic religious beliefs, develop national economy and culture, oppose Han chauvinism and narrow local nationalist tendencies, and train and employ a large number of ethnic cadres; at the same time, he emphasized that the use of Ethnic cadres do not mean at all reducing the responsibility of Han cadres to help ethnic minority cadres, and specifically help solve many practical problems there. As Mr. Peng's main assistant, Jia Tuofu has done a lot of specific work in Xinjiang.He once flew to Yining on behalf of Peng Dehuai to negotiate the unification of Xinjiang's Yili, Altai, and Tacheng districts, and successfully resolved this old problem left over from history. At that time, Xinjiang was struggling economically and lacked electricity, transportation and petroleum equipment. Many equipment and parts were originally supplied by the Soviet Union, but were interrupted due to war and other reasons.Jatov met with the Consul General of the Soviet Union in Xinjiang and negotiated to resolve the supply of these equipment and parts. The rule of the Kuomintang caused Xinjiang's production to wither, the currency system to be chaotic, materials to be scarce, and prices to soar, and people of all ethnic groups suffered greatly.Jia Tuofu focused on investigating and understanding the financial situation, and concluded that Xinjiang's fiscal revenue can only meet one-fifth of its needs.He suggested that the leaders of the Xinjiang authorities seize the opportunity to quickly resume production, actively resume transportation, and communicate with the mainland for material exchanges.He also proposed specific ways to increase fiscal revenue, implement a unified currency, crack down on illegal transactions of silver dollars, prohibit the circulation of other currencies, and stabilize finance.并从内地调集大批物资，支持新疆市场，平抑物价，维护人民币的信用，帮助沟通了向内（地）和向外（以苏联方面为主）的渠道和组织管理。这一系列的具体措施，对把新疆的财经和内地的统一起来，对稳定新疆经济起到了很大的作用。当时，《新疆日报》曾发表过一篇重要社论，阐述新疆的财政金融和经济等问题，就是根据贾拓夫的意见起草并经他修改的。这一段中央对新疆问题工作的指示文件，也是贾拓夫根据中央的指示精神起草的。他协助彭德怀的这段工作，得到了党中央和彭德怀的充分而明确的肯定。 在新疆很短的时间里，贾拓夫还特别注意对新疆总的情况和发展潜力进行调查了解。他当时已想到：新疆地大物博，终有一天会成为祖国西北的一个重要工业基地。因此，他专门指定随行的郑戈恒代他跑了不少地方，收集了许多经济资料；他自己也附带做了不少调查，开了不少座谈会。从新疆回西安后，他组织人整理编写了一本小册子，涉及到新疆各方面的资源，包括工业、畜牧业、农业、手工业、水利、矿藏、财经、交通等等，以备他日之用。虽然当时时间很短，国民党又没有做过和留下多少调查统计资料，那份小册子也许是很粗浅的，但是，我们从这件事情上还是能够看出贾拓夫的一个特点，或曰优点、风格，就是强烈的事业心和责任感。他以党的工作为自己的全部生活，脚踏实地地干着今天的事情，同时想到明天的任务。这不正是全心全意为人民服务的基本宗旨的生动体现吗？ 正是因为他时刻想到为人民服务，所以，他也常常为人民事业的成就而鼓舞，情不自禁地要赞颂。他在此次新疆之行中，写下了这样的诗句，来赞誉新疆的和平解放： 1952年，全国开展了“三反”（反贪污、反浪费、反官僚主义）和“五反”（反偷税漏税、反偷工减料、反行贿受贿、反盗窃国家资财、反盗窃国家经济情报）运动，财经战线当然是重点。在西北局的直接领导下，贾拓夫具体指挥了西北地区，特别是财经战线的这场运动。他率领西北财经各部门，针对各种贪污浪费问题，以及这些严重犯罪行为的“防空洞”———官僚主义，作了毫不留情的揭露和斗争。当时的人们还记得，大的贪污浪费分子被称作“老虎”，贾拓夫办公的西北财委会议室墙上有一张“打虎图”，就像指挥作战的军事地图一样，而他们就像指挥作战那样，随时掌握进展情况，指挥着这场斗争。在斗争中，他一方面强调要无情地揭露和清除一切贪污现象，另一方面，强调在组织处理时，要严格划清贪污与占小便宜的政策界限，对小的贪污者和占公家小便宜而损公的人员，主要采取教育和改造以不使其重犯的方针，集中力量打击大贪污分子。这一方针的实施，挽救了一大批干部，对干部队伍的肌体来了一次大洗涤，从而提高了思想觉悟和素质，纯洁了组织。与此同时，贾拓夫领导财经各部门，动员各界，采取有效措施，为给国家节约15000亿元人民币（当时的币值，相当于后来的1.5亿元人民币）财富而奋斗，并胜利地完成了这一指标。 1952年3月，上海首先展开了针对不法资产阶级分子的“五反”运动，为取得领导这一斗争的经验和掌握有关西北的更多材料，贾拓夫即行决定派遣一个工作队前往上海蹲点。一方面调查上海的斗争情况，汲取经验，一方面收集与西北有关的材料，配合上海的斗争，从外部找出西北不法资本家的违法线索。在重大案件的处理过程中，他并不满足于下面的文字报告和口头汇报，而是反复深入基层，听取来自四面八方的意见，采取坚决而慎重的态度，从而准确、有力地打击了不法资本家的猖狂进攻，教育、保护了正当经营和基本守法的工商业者，维护了国营经济的领导地位，也维护了正常的经济秩序。 1952年，全国和西北地区都胜利地度过了三年恢复时期，准备迎接社会主义建设的新高潮。由于贾拓夫的出色工作和实绩，中央决定调他到中央财经委员会工作。他于同年8月奉调进京，开始了他在全国经济领导部门的工作历程。他是带着丰硕的成果和实实在在的业绩离开的，离开了他为之奋斗26年的家乡土地。虽然他并不满意自己的工作，但他毕竟无私地奋斗了，可以说没有辜负家乡的父老兄弟。他过去的道路并不平坦，他也没有期望今后的道路会不发生曲折。但是，既然已下决心做一个共产主义战士，并且已经奋斗了半生，那么，不管前面会有什么风险，他也还是怀着无限的深情，义无反顾地向前走去。