Chapter 18 Chapter Four 1956-1960

On January 3, he spoke at the cadre meeting when the Central Ministry of Finance and Trade was established, demanding that the Ministry of Finance and Trade work hard to do a good job in political and ideological work, everyone establish production views, political views and mass views, and serve the people wholeheartedly. From January 14th to 20th, he attended the meeting on intellectuals held by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss the issue of strengthening the party's leadership over intellectuals and scientific and cultural work.Zhou Enlai made a report, asking intellectuals to "march to science."Mao Zedong called on the whole party to work hard to learn scientific knowledge, unite with non-party intellectuals, and strive to quickly catch up with the world's advanced scientific level.

On January 15th, he participated in a gala celebrating the victory of socialist transformation held in Tiananmen Square in Beijing.Mao Zedong and other party and state leaders attended the meeting. On January 23, he attended the 31st meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress and passed a resolution on ratifying the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between the People's Republic of China and the German Democratic Republic. On January 25, he attended the Supreme State Conference convened by Chairman Mao Zedong to discuss the draft of the National Agricultural Development Program from 1956 to 1967 proposed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.Mao Zedong said: "The purpose of the socialist revolution is to liberate the productive forces."

In February, he participated in the discussion on "Report on Revising the Party's Constitution (Draft)" chaired by Deng Xiaoping in the conference room of the West Building of Zhongnanhai. On February 9, he made a summary report at the symposium of finance and trade ministers of 12 provincial and municipal party committees held by the Ministry of Finance and Trade of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. On March 1, Ma Mingfang saw the unfair criticism of his former secretary, Comrade Wang Li, for receiving the political crook Pan Wanming in the article "Ins and Outs of a Big Scam" published by "People's Daily", and immediately reported to the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee. He wrote to the Organization Department of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and said: "Comrade Wang Li asked me for instructions on this matter. The fault is mine, and Comrade Wang Li should not be responsible."

On April 10, he attended the 32nd meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress and listened to Soong Ching Ling's report on visiting India, Myanmar and Pakistan. In early April, he participated in a meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee chaired by Mao Zedong to discuss the "Report on Amending the Party's Constitution (Draft)". On April 6, he attended the banquet held by Premier Zhou Enlai to welcome the Soviet government delegation led by Mikoyan. From April 18th to 20th, he participated in the central meeting convened by Mao Zedong and listened to Li Fuchun's report on the second five-year plan and the vision of the fifteen-year long-term plan.

On April 22, he participated in the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss the revision of the Constitution of the Communist Party of China. From April 25th to 28th, he attended the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee attended by the party committee secretaries of various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. Mao Zedong made a report on "On the Ten Major Relationships".Taking the Soviet Union as a reference, the report initially summed up the experience of my country's socialist construction, and proposed the task of exploring a road of socialist construction suitable for China's national conditions.

On April 29, he participated in the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee to discuss issues related to the holding of the "Eighth National Congress" of the party. On May 1st, participated in the observance of the "May 1st" International Labor Day in Tiananmen Square. On May 5, he attended the 35th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress and listened to Dong Biwu's report on the National Judicial Work Conference. On May 8, attended the first joint meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference to discuss and pass the decision on the inspection work of deputies to the National People's Congress and members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

On May 12, attended the 40th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, discussed and passed the resolution on holding the third meeting of the first National People's Congress. On June 13, attended the 41st meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress and listened to Peng Zhen's report on preparations for the third meeting of the first National People's Congress. On June 15, he attended the opening ceremony of the third session of the first National People's Congress and was elected as a member of the presidium of the conference.At the meeting that day, Ma Mingfang's review report on the qualifications of representatives in the by-election was passed.

On June 18, he attended the third meeting of the first National People's Congress. Soong Ching Ling, Ma Mingfang, Ma Yinchu and Zhu Kezhen were the executive chairmen of the meeting. On June 29, he attended the presidium meeting of the third session of the first National People's Congress. On June 30, he attended the closing ceremony of the third session of the first National People's Congress.The conference passed the "Model Charter for Advanced Agricultural Production Cooperatives". On July 5, at the Second Congress of the Communist Party of China in Shaanxi Province, he was elected as the representative of the "Eighth National Congress" of the party.

On July 9, he attended the 43rd meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, and discussed and passed resolutions on the organizational regulations of the people's congresses and people's committees in Xinjiang, Hunan, Hebei and other provinces and regions. On August 20, the Organization Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China notified that Ma Mingfang was elected as the representative to the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China at the Second Congress of the Communist Party of China in Shaanxi Province.

On August 29, he attended the 44th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress and listened to the comprehensive report of Vice Premier Li Xiannian on the 1956 disaster situation and disaster relief work. On August 30, he attended the first plenary meeting of the preparatory meeting for the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.Mao Zedong made a speech entitled "Strengthening the Unity of the Party and Inheriting the Tradition of the Party". On September 8, he participated in the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss issues such as the list of candidates for the eighth Central Committee of the Party.

On September 10, he attended the second plenary session of the preparatory meeting for the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.Mao Zedong made a speech "On the Election of the Eighth Central Committee" at the meeting. On September 13, he attended the Seventh Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.The plenary session discussed and passed the political report submitted by the Seventh Central Committee to the "Eighth National Congress", the draft revision of the party constitution and the report on the revision of the party constitution, the draft proposal and report on the second five-year plan for the development of the national economy, etc. On September 14, he attended the 45th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, and listened to and approved the "Summary Report of the Central Delegation's Visit to Tibet" made by Chen Yi. On September 15, he attended the opening ceremony of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China and was elected as a member of the Presidium of the Congress, a member of the Secretariat of the Congress and a member of the Representative Qualification Review Committee.In his opening speech, Mao Zedong called on "to unite the whole party, unite all possible forces at home and abroad, and strive to build a great socialist China." On the evening of the same day, he attended the meeting of the presidium of the "Eighth National Congress" of the Communist Party of China, and elected 13 people including Mao Zedong as the standing members of the presidium of the congress. On September 16, Deng Xiaoping made the "Report on Amending the Party's Constitution" at the "Eighth National Congress" of the Communist Party of China.Li Xiannian, Chen Yi, Ma Mingfang and others are the executive chairmen of the conference. On September 20, he attended the 46th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress and passed the "Report on the Suez Canal Issue" made by Premier Zhou Enlai. On September 21, he attended the banquet held by the presidium of the "Eighth National Congress" of the Communist Party of China to entertain representatives of the Communist Party and Workers' Parties of various countries. On September 23, the "Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China" continued to hold a speech at the conference. Chen Yi, Deng Yingchao, Ma Mingfang and others were the executive chairmen of the conference. On September 26, the "Eighth National Congress" of the Communist Party of China elected the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China by secret ballot, and 97 people including Ma Mingfang were elected as members of the Central Committee. On September 27, he attended the closing ceremony of the "Eighth National Congress" of the Communist Party of China.After the General Assembly elected alternate members of the Central Committee, it passed the "Resolution on the Political Report" and the "Proposal on the Second Five-Year Plan for the Development of the National Economy." On September 28, he attended the First Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.The plenary session elected Mao Zedong as the chairman of the Central Committee, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, and Chen Yun as the vice-chairmen, and Deng Xiaoping as the general secretary.Dong Biwu is the secretary of the Central Supervisory Commission, and 17 people including Ma Mingfang are members of the Central Supervisory Commission. On the evening of the same day, he attended the garden party held by the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China to celebrate the successful closing of the "Eighth National Congress". On September 30, attended the grand reception held by Premier Zhou Enlai to celebrate the seventh anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Participate in the National Day viewing ceremony at the Tiananmen Gate Tower on October 1. On October 4th, attended the joint meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference at Huairen Hall in Zhongnanhai, and welcomed Indonesian President Sukarno.Liu Shaoqi and Sukarno's speeches emphasized working together to achieve world peace. From October 18th to 19th, during the "Eighth National Congress" of the Communist Party of China, some comrades of the Shaanxi delegation had some opinions on the handling of the Weinan and Huaxian issues by the Northwest Bureau in 1954 and the disunity of the Propaganda Department of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee.The Central Supervisory Committee entrusted Xi Zhongxun and Jia Tuofu to preside over the convening of relevant comrades for a discussion, reached a consensus, and issued the "Summons of the Symposium".It is believed that Ma Mingfang and other comrades did not listen to the opinions of many parties in dealing with Weihua and other issues, which is flawed, and lessons should be learned. On September 12, 1957, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved the opinions put forward in the "Summary of the Symposium". On November 2, he participated in the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and Liu Shaoqi made a report on the negotiation with the Soviet Communist Party. On November 5, he attended the 50th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress. Premier Zhou Enlai made a report on diplomacy and the international situation. From November 10th to 15th, he attended the Second Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.The plenary session decided to carry out the campaign of increasing production and saving among the whole party and the people of the whole country.Mao Zedong's speech called on "all state workers and economic workers to be first of all responsible workers in all aspects, advocate a hard and simple style of work, share weal and woe with the masses, oppose extravagance and waste, and adopt rectification methods to fight against subjectivism, sectarianism, and bureaucracy. struggle against socialist tendencies.” On November 16, he attended the 51st meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, and passed a decision on relaxing the treatment and resettling the remaining counter-revolutionaries in cities. On December 29, attended the 52nd meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, discussed and passed the 1957 National Economic Construction Bond Regulations. From January 18th to 27th, I participated in the meeting of party secretaries of various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions held by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, mainly discussing ideological trends, rural issues and economic issues.In his speech, Chen Yun emphasized that "the scale of construction should be compatible with the national strength" and "we should pay attention to the study of the proportional relationship of the national economy", and strive to achieve a balance between fiscal revenue and expenditure, bank credit and material supply and demand. On February 1, he participated in a meeting chaired by Mao Zedong and listened to the report on Peng Zhen's visit to the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries led by the National People's Congress delegation. On February 15, he delivered a speech at the grassroots organization work conference of the national financial and trade system party, emphasizing the implementation of the manager responsibility system under the leadership of the party committee and strengthening the party's leadership over economic work. On February 23, he delivered a speech at the meeting of finance and trade ministers of the party committees of various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions held by the Central Ministry of Finance and Trade, summarizing the financial and trade work of the previous year and deploying the financial and trade work in 1957. On February 27th, he participated in the eleventh (enlarged) meeting of the Supreme State Council. Mao Zedong delivered a speech on "Correctly Handling Contradictions among the People", and conducted study and discussion. On March 13, a summary report was made at the ministerial meeting of finance and trade ministers of the party committees of provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, emphasizing that the finance and trade departments of party committees at all levels should do a good job in educating and training cadres and inspecting and supervising the implementation of policies, and not to arrange the work of replacing business departments. On March 31, he attended the 54th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress (expanded), and listened to Peng Zhen's report on his visit to the six countries of Sujieluobaoanan. On April 3, he attended the joint meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference to discuss issues such as inspections by deputies to the National People's Congress and members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. On April 16, he attended the meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (expanded).Voroshilov, chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, delivered a speech, praising the Soviet Union and China for being at the forefront of socialist construction. On April 17, he attended the state banquet held by Chairman Mao Zedong to welcome Voroshilov. On April 18, he attended a grand gathering in the capital where 100,000 people welcomed Voroshilov at the Beijing Xiannongtan Gymnasium. On May 6, he attended the 68th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress to discuss and ratify the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between the People's Republic of China and the Czechoslovak Republic. On June 17, he attended the 74th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, and decided to award medals to those who made meritorious service in the Chinese People's Revolutionary War. On June 20, he attended the preparatory meeting of the Fourth Session of the First National People's Congress, studying and discussing Mao Zedong's report "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People". On June 25th, attended the 76th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, discussed and approved the decision on increasing the private plots of members of agricultural production cooperatives.The decision stipulates that the land allocated to members for planting vegetables and for feeding pigs shall not exceed 10% of the average land per person in the local area. On June 26, he attended the opening ceremony of the fourth session of the first National People's Congress and was elected as a member of the presidium of the conference. On June 29, Ma Mingfang made a review report on the qualifications of representatives for the by-election at the Fourth Session of the First National People's Congress.The General Assembly unanimously adopted the review report. On July 6, the fourth meeting of the first National People's Congress held a speech. Wu Yuzhang, Deng Yingchao, Ma Mingfang and others were the executive chairmen of the meeting. On July 13, the Fourth Session of the First National People's Congress continued to hold speeches. Xu Teli, Huang Yanpei, Ma Mingfang, Hu Yaobang, etc. were the executive chairmen of the conference. On July 15, he attended the closing ceremony of the Fourth Session of the First National People's Congress.The Congress approved Premier Zhou Enlai's government work report, approved the 1956 state final accounts, 1957 state budget, and 1957 national economic plan. On September 19th, attended the enlarged meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress in Huairen Hall, and welcomed Indian Vice President Radha Krishnan to deliver a speech. On September 20, he attended the Third Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (expanded).The plenary session passed the "National Agricultural Development Program from 1956 to 1967 (Draft Amendment)" and the draft regulations on improving the industrial, commercial, and financial management systems. On September 26, he accompanied Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Chen Yun, Deng Xiaoping and other central leaders to 40 state-owned industrial and commercial enterprises in the capital to learn about the rectification situation and listen to the opinions of employees. On September 30th, I participated in the National Day reception held by Premier Zhou Enlai. Participate in the National Day viewing ceremony at the Tiananmen Gate Tower on October 1. On October 16, he attended the enlarged meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, and welcomed the delegations from the Soviet Union and the Czech Parliament to visit China. On October 22, attended the first joint meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and passed the revised draft of the National Agricultural Development Program. On October 23, he attended the 82nd meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, and approved the interim provisions of the State Council on rewards and punishments for staff of state organs. On November 5, he participated in the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss issues such as improving the national administrative system. On November 6, he participated in the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution of the Soviet Union from all walks of life in the capital. Liu Shaoqi gave a speech, and Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Chen Yun, Peng Zhen, etc. attended. On November 16, attended the 85th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, and approved the resolution of the State Council on the provisional regulations on the retirement of workers and staff. On December 7, he attended the 87th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, and approved the State Council's regulations on adjusting the agricultural tax surcharge ratio for economic crops that are more profitable. On January 6, attended the 90th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, discussed and passed the resolution on convening the fifth meeting of the first National People's Congress and the resolution on approving the land acquisition measures for national construction. On January 9, attended the 91st meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress and passed the "Regulations on Household Registration of the People's Republic of China". From January 27th to 30th, he attended the preparatory meeting of the Fifth Session of the First National People's Congress.Delegates study documents in groups by electoral unit and discuss. On January 31, attended the 93rd meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, and passed the work report of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress to the fifth meeting of the National People's Congress. On February 1, he attended the opening ceremony of the Fifth Session of the First National People's Congress and was elected as a member of the Presidium of the Congress.The General Assembly approved Ma Mingfang's review report on the qualifications of representatives in the by-election and the qualifications of 38 rightists. On February 8, the fifth meeting of the first National People's Congress held a speech at the meeting. Huang Yanpei, Ma Mingfang, Hu Yaobang and others were the executive chairmen of the meeting. On February 11, he attended the closing ceremony of the Fifth Session of the First National People's Congress.The General Assembly passed a resolution calling on the people of the whole country to go all out and strive for the upper reaches and strive for the completion of the 1958 national economic plan. On March 7, he spoke at the symposium of ministers of finance and trade of the party committees of the eight provinces of Heilongjiang, Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan, and Shaanxi. From March 9th to 26th, he participated in the Chengdu meeting held by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, discussed and approved 37 documents on the 1958 plan and the development of local industries. From April 21st to 24th, the Finance and Trade Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an on-site meeting on finance and trade work in Shuangcheng County, Heilongjiang, focusing on how finance and trade work can adapt to the development of industrial and agricultural production.The meeting requested the financial and trade departments to strengthen political viewpoints, production viewpoints, and mass viewpoints, and serve production from production personnel. From May 2nd to 3rd, he attended the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and discussed and approved Liu Shaoqi's work report to the Second Session of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. From May 5th to 23rd, he attended the Second Session of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.Liu Shaoqi made a work report on behalf of the Central Committee, pointing out that the main task of the party now is to carry out socialist construction and implement technological revolution and cultural revolution.According to Mao Zedong's initiative, the meeting passed the general line of "go all out, strive for the top, and build socialism more quickly, better and more economically". On May 25, he attended the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.The plenary meeting decided to publish the theoretical bimonthly "Red Flag" magazine of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.After the meeting, all the Central Committee members and alternate Central Committee members went to work at the construction site of the Ming Tombs Reservoir in Beijing. Attending the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on May 30, Liu Shaoqi proposed in his speech that our country should have two main education systems (i.e. full-time schools and part-time schools, part-time schools, and part-agricultural schools) and labor systems (i.e. fixed-work and part-study schools). system and the system of temporary workers and contract workers) coexist and complement each other. On June 3, attended the 96th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress and passed the "Regulations on Agricultural Tax of the People's Republic of China". On June 6, the Ministry of Finance and Trade of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the financial and trade departments of the State Council held a national financial and trade work site meeting in Xinhui County, Guangdong.Ma Mingfang said at the opening of the meeting that through this meeting, financial and trade departments at all levels should further sum up experience, strengthen political work, carry out technological innovation, improve operation and management, and raise financial and trade work to a new level. On June 18, when he made a summary report at the on-site meeting of the National Finance and Trade Work Association, he emphasized that the finance and trade departments should start from production and support and promote the development of industrial and agricultural production through purchase and sales activities.It is necessary to grasp both political work and economic work. "Political work without economic work has no content and no strength." Only by closely combining the two can they promote each other and bring out the best in each other. On June 23, "People's Daily" published Ma Mingfang's summary report at the Xinhui on-site meeting under the title "Employees on the Financial and Trade Frontline, Going Forward with Energies", and also published "On-Site Meeting-Marx The Communist Approach to Leadership. On June 22, together with leading cadres at the departmental and bureau levels of the organs directly under the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, they went to the Ming Tombs Reservoir construction site to participate in voluntary labor. On June 29, attended the 98th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress, discussed and passed the decision on holding the Second National People's Congress. On July 30, Comrade Chen Yun sent a letter to Ma Mingfang: The report of the Xinhui on-site meeting held by the Central Ministry of Finance and Trade is very good, and a comment should be drafted on behalf of the Central Committee and sent to the Secretariat for approval and issuance. On August 3, he was elected as a representative to the Second National People's Congress at the first meeting of the Second Shaanxi Provincial People's Congress. From August 17th to 30th, attended the enlarged meeting held by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in Beidaihe, attended by the first secretaries of the party committees of various provinces, cities, and autonomous regions, and the heads of various central departments to discuss the 1959 national economic plan, industrial and agricultural production, and rural work And other issues. On August 24th and July, Ma Mingfang went to northern Shaanxi to inspect the work, and discussed agricultural production issues with the county party committee secretaries in Yan'an area.After arriving in Xi'an, he reported to the Standing Committee of the CPC Shaanxi Provincial Committee.After returning to Beijing, he wrote a written report on the agricultural production in northern Shaanxi to the Secretariat of the Central Committee. On September 5, he attended the 15th Supreme State Council convened by Chairman Mao Zedong to discuss the 1959 National Economic Plan, the Second Five-Year Plan and foreign policy issues. In a speech at the Aquaculture Work Conference held in Shanghai in early September, he emphasized the need to expand aquaculture and increase production so that the aquaculture industry will have a big development. From September 15th to 23rd, he and Li Xiannian presided over the National Financial and Trade Work Xi'an Conference to discuss issues such as improving the rural financial and trade system, promoting the purchase of agricultural products, and strengthening the party's leadership over financial and trade work. On October 30, he attended the joint meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (expanded), discussing and passing the resolution on the eight-year work report of the Chinese People's Volunteers to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea. On November 4th, he delivered a speech at the financial and trade work conference held by the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, emphasizing that political work and economic work complement each other. Every financial and trade worker is both a political worker and an economic worker, focusing on both politics and economics , at the same time, both are indispensable. From November 28th to December 10th, he attended the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Wuchang.The plenary session passed the "Resolution on Several Issues Concerning the People's Commune", "The Decision on Improving the Rural Financial and Trade Management System", and "The Decision to Agree to Comrade Mao Zedong's Suggestion that He Not Be the Candidate for the Next President of the People's Republic of China". On December 17, he presided over a teleconference of financial and trade secretaries of the party committees of various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. Li Xiannian spoke at the meeting and asked all localities to do a good job in the supply of grain and non-staple food while doing a good job in the purchase of agricultural products. On December 20, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued a decision on improving the rural financial and trade management system. On December 26, accompanied Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Deng Xiaoping, Peng Zhen, Lu Dingyi, Li Xiannian, Bo Yibo, etc. to meet the representatives of the party's basic organization work conference held by the Central Ministry of Finance and Trade, and took a group photo. On January 5, he delivered a speech at the grassroots party organization work conference of the national financial and trade departments, demanding that the more than 40,000 financial and trade grassroots party organizations across the country should serve as the party's battle fortress and the frontline headquarters for political and economic work, comprehensively grasp ideological, Focus on work and life, carry out red flag competitions in depth, improve work efficiency, and complete various combat tasks on the financial and trade front more quickly, better and more economically. From January 26th to February 2nd, he participated in the provincial, municipal and autonomous region party secretary meeting held by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss the 1959 national economic plan and issues such as industry, agriculture, commerce, light industry and people's communes. From February 27th to March 5th, he participated in the second Zhengzhou meeting held by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.The meeting determined that the rural people's commune system is three-level management, three-level accounting, and team-based. On March 11, he attended the 107th meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress.The meeting decided to hold the first meeting of the Second National People's Congress. On the same day, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress issued an announcement: Ma Mingfang was the representative of Shaanxi Province to attend the Second National People's Congress. On March 23, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued a proposal to hold a national meeting of advanced collectives and advanced producers of socialist construction in industrial, transportation, infrastructure, finance and trade, and formed a preparatory committee for the meeting. Li Fuchun was the chairman, Li Xiannian, Bo Yibo , Li Xuefeng, Liu Ningyi, Zeng Shan, Ma Mingfang, Cai Chang, Hu Yaobang, and Li Jiebo are the vice chairmen. When inspecting work in Zunyi, Guizhou in March, I saw a slogan "Eat without money" posted on the wall of a restaurant, and immediately told the Minister of Finance and Trade of the county party committee, how can I eat in a restaurant without money?It may not be a long-term strategy to eat without money in the countryside. From April 2nd to 5th, he attended the Seventh Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai.The plenum discussed and approved the draft national economic plan for 1959, inspected the rectification work of the rural people's communes, and decided on the nomination of candidates for the leadership of state institutions.Comrade Mao Zedong made an important speech on working methods. On April 14, more than 1,000 people including Zhou Enlai went to the railway station to welcome Panchen Erdeni Chokyi Gyaltsen to Beijing. On the evening of the same day, he attended the banquet held by Premier Zhou Enlai to welcome Panchen Erdeni in Ziguangge, Zhongnanhai. On April 17, he attended the preparatory meeting for the first session of the Second National People's Congress, and was elected as a member of the presidium of the conference and chairman of the Representative Qualification Review Committee. Attended the opening ceremony of the first session of the second National People's Congress on April 18.Mao Zedong presided over the meeting, and Premier Zhou Enlai delivered a government work report. On April 20, Ma Mingfang presided over the first meeting of the Qualification Review Committee of the Second National People's Congress, and elected Wang Weizhou, Che Xiangchen, and Zhu Yunshan as the deputy directors of the Qualification Review Committee. Attended the first session of the Second National People's Congress on April 21. Li Fuchun and Li Xiannian made reports on the national economic plan and national budget and final accounts respectively, and Peng Zhen made a report on the work of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.The General Assembly passed the review report on the qualifications of representatives made by Ma Mingfang. On April 27, he attended the first meeting of the Second National People's Congress, elected Liu Shaoqi as the chairman of the People's Republic of China, Song Qingling and Dong Biwu as vice-chairmen, and Zhu De as the chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.Zhou Enlai was decided to be Premier of the State Council.Ma Mingfang was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress. On April 28, he attended the closing ceremony of the first session of the second National People's Congress.The meeting approved 16 people including Chen Yun nominated by Premier Zhou Enlai as vice premiers of the State Council; 14 people including Peng Dehuai nominated by Chairman Liu Shaoqi as vice chairmen of the National Defense Commission.The meeting called for a movement to increase production and save money among the people across the country to welcome the tenth anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. On May 3, he attended the first meeting of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress and passed a resolution on approving the cultural cooperation agreement between the government of the People's Republic of China and the government of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. On May 15th, he wrote the memoirs of the revolutionary base area in northern Shaanxi, talked about the history of the party in northern Shaanxi, recalled that the special committee in northern Shaanxi led party members and the masses, and through hard struggles, launched mass movements, launched guerrilla warfare, and carried out land revolutions. Revolutionary base. In mid-May, the Ministry of Finance and Trade of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an on-site meeting on urban finance and trade in Chongqing to study the development of non-staple food production in the suburbs of the city and the organization of urban people's economic life. From May 18th to 23rd, he attended the meeting on the development of non-staple food and handicraft production convened by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai with the participation of the secretaries of the municipal party committees of major and medium cities.The meeting determined that the supply of non-staple food in cities should be based on self-reliance, supplemented by striving for foreign aid.Vigorously develop the production of non-staple food in the suburbs, institutions, troops, schools and residents; at the same time expand the production of non-staple food commodities in the countryside and actively support the cities. In June, according to Mao Zedong's instructions, he led several "scholars" from the Central Ministry of Finance and Trade to Wuxi to study the Soviet Union's "Textbook of Political Economy". From July 2nd to August 16th, he attended the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the Eighth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee held in Lushan.The plenary session mistakenly passed the "Resolution on Defending the Party's General Line and Struggle Against Right Opportunism" and "Resolution on Mistakes of the Anti-Party Group Headed by Comrade Peng Dehuai". On August 19, the Ministry of Finance and Trade of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a symposium on rural finance and trade in Harbin.In his speech at the meeting, Ma Mingfang called for agricultural and business cooperation, comprehensive planning, unified arrangements, active development of rural diversification, and expansion of commodity production to increase farmers' income.To meet the growing economic life needs of urban people. On August 24, he participated in the 17th Supreme State Council (expanded) convened by Chairman Liu Shaoqi.Premier Zhou Enlai made a report on the implementation of the national economic plan in the first half of 1959. On August 26, he attended the fifth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress, discussed and passed the resolution on adjusting the main indicators of the 1959 national economic plan and launching the campaign to increase production and save money. On September 11, he attended the sixth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress. Premier Zhou Enlai made a report on the Sino-Indian border issue.It reiterated that China and India should comprehensively resolve the border issue between the two countries through friendly consultations in accordance with the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. On September 13, he attended the eighth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress (expanded), and passed a resolution on the Sino-Indian border issue. He hoped that India would quickly withdraw from the invasion site, stop anti-China incitement, and start friendship with China to peacefully resolve the border issue. negotiation. On the same day, he participated in the opening ceremony of the First National Sports Conference of the People's Republic of China.Mao Zedong and other party and state leaders attended to watch. On September 17, he attended the Ninth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress to discuss Chairman Mao Zedong's proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the amnesty of war criminals, counter-revolutionary criminals and ordinary criminals who have indeed changed from evil to good.The meeting unanimously agreed to Mao Zedong's proposal and decided to implement an amnesty when celebrating the tenth anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. On September 23, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Instructions on Organizing Rural Market Trade". From September 28th to 29th, attend the celebration of the 10th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China in the newly built Great Hall of the People.Mao Zedong attended, Liu Shaoqi delivered a speech, democratic parties delivered speeches, delegations of 11 political parties including the Soviet Union and 17 fraternal parties delivered congratulatory speeches, friends from 83 countries on five continents were invited to attend the conference, and 60 distinguished guests delivered warm speeches. On September 30, attended the grand banquet held by Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai and Zhu De in the newly completed Great Hall of the People to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. On October 1, he participated in the ceremony celebrating the 10th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China at the Tiananmen Gate Tower.Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Khrushchev, Kim Il Sung, Ho Chi Minh, Zedenbaer, Xie Hu, etc. reviewed the military parade and 700,000 people marched. On October 3rd, I accompanied Vice Premier Li Xiannian to meet more than 200 advanced workers in finance and trade who came to Beijing to attend the National Day ceremony, and encouraged them to keep in touch with the masses and better serve consumers and production. On October 11, I went to the Zhongshan Hall in Zhongshan Park to express my condolences to Mr. Li Jishen, the vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the chairman of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. On October 12th, he participated in the meeting of the vice chairman of Li Jishen from all walks of life in the capital.Chairman Zhu De officiated, and Vice Chairman Lin Boqu delivered a eulogy. On October 14th, Panchen Lama Erdeni made a report on work in Tibet when he attended the 10th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress (enlarged).Adoption of a resolution supporting the Soviet government's proposals for general and complete disarmament. On October 15th, he participated in a teleconference held by the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In his speech, Li Xiannian asked the local party committees and financial and trade departments to complete the task of purchasing agricultural products from the beginning to the end. On October 19th, attended the enlarged joint meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference: The Chairman of the People's Republic of Hungary, Dauby Estevan, made a speech on "The Hungarian and Chinese Peoples Closely Cooperate and Advance Together". On October 25, he attended the preparatory meeting of the National Congress of Advanced Collectives and Advanced Producers of Socialist Construction in Industry, Transportation, Infrastructure, Finance and Trade (also known as the National Conference of Heroes), and was elected as a member of the presidium of the conference. On October 26, he attended the opening ceremony of the National Heroes Conference.Zhu De delivered a speech on behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and Vice Premier Li Fuchun made a report to the conference. On the same day, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and other party and state leaders received all members of the presidium of the National Heroes Association and had cordial talks. On November 5th, he attended the grand banquet hosted by Premier Zhou Enlai in honor of all representatives of the National Heroes Association. On November 6, presided over the national agricultural product purchase work broadcasting conference attended by the secretary of finance and trade of the party committee of the province, municipality and autonomous region, and the governor.Vice Premier Li Xiannian made a speech titled "Advance on the Victory, Make Unremitting Efforts, Complete and Overfulfill the Task of Acquiring Agricultural Products". On November 8, he attended the closing ceremony of the National Heroes Meeting.The conference called for a more extensive and in-depth campaign to increase production and save money, fully support agriculture, and ensure that the national production plan is completed ahead of schedule. On November 9, we participated in the gala where the people of the capital sent off the representatives of the National Heroes Association, so that the advanced seeds of advanced producers could be sown all over the country. In late November, Ma Mingfang made a report at the National Financial Work Advanced Collective and Advanced Individual Experience Exchange Conference. He hoped that the advanced flowers of the financial system would blossom and bear fruit in all walks of life in the national financial and trade departments. On November 27, he attended the 11th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress, listened to the report of Vice Chairman Lin Boqu's visit to Mongolia, and approved the Sino-Soviet Consular Treaty and the Ningxia Eight National Autonomy Regulations. From January 7th to 17th, he participated in the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held in Shanghai, and passed the 1960 national economic plan.After this meeting, various "communist styles" of "big events" appeared in various places. On January 15, "Ta Kung Pao" published Ma Mingfang's article "Promoting the Banking Work to a New Stage of Development", pointing out that the banking work should also carry out socialist competition, cultivate advanced collectives and advanced figures, use the advanced to drive the general, and raise the general level to advanced level, and then transform the advanced level into a social level.In this way, our socialist cause will be full of spring, colorful and colorful. On January 17, "Ta Kung Pao" published Ma Mingfang's article "Vigorously Improve the Grain and Oil Processing Industry", saying that accelerating the development of the grain and oil processing industry is very important for supporting and promoting the development of agricultural production, improving people's lives, and promoting the rapid development of the entire national economy. meaning. On January 21, he attended the 12th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress and passed a resolution on supporting the Soviet Supreme Soviet's appeal to the parliaments and governments of various countries on the issue of disarmament. On January 28, he attended the 13th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress.The meeting decided to send Premier Zhou Enlai of the State Council as the plenipotentiary representative for the signing of the agreement between the government of the People's Republic of China and the government of the Union of Burma on the boundary question between the two countries, and the treaty of friendship and non-aggression between the People's Republic of China and the Union of Burma. On February 4th, he made a speech at the meeting of finance and trade ministers of the party committees of various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions held by the Central Ministry of Finance and Trade. He pointed out that finance and trade work is economic work, as well as political work and mass work.In the final analysis, political work must have a positive effect on the economy so that the socialist economy can develop rapidly.Political work without this effect is practically empty talk. 2月9日中共中央、国务院发出关于召开文教战线群英会的通知，并成立大会筹备委员会，陆定一为主任委员，马明窈等23人为副主任委员。 2月13日出席首都庆祝中苏友好同盟互助条约签订10周年招待会。 2月14日在中央财贸部召开的省市自治区党委财贸部长会议上作总结报告时指出，在社会主义经济工作中，生产、分配、交换和消费是互相依存、互相制约、互相联系、互相影响的统一过程，把它们机械地割裂开来是错误的。 2月23日参加中央政治局会议，讨论财贸工作。刘少奇指出，财贸工作不能“安于静而不安于动，习于常而不习于变”。平衡是相对的，不平衡是绝对的，矛盾的统一是相对的、有条件的，矛盾的斗争是绝对的、无条件的。太平无事，那要你们做什么呢？ 2月29日出席全国人大常委会和全国政协常委会联席会议。会议决定召开第二届全国人代大会第二次会议和第三届全国政协委员会第二次会议。 3月4日——14日中共中央财贸部在上海召开全国大中城市财政金融和企业财务工作现场会，马明方在总结报告中，要求财政金融和企业财务工作者，一定要把自己的业务工作同国家的生产建设结合起来，同增产节约运动结合起来，节省每一个铜板，积极支持和促进整个国民经济的快速发展。 3月29日《大公报》发表马明方在全国大中城市财政金融和企业财务工作上海现场会议上的总结报告《把财政金融工作和企业财务工作推向一个新的发展阶段》。 3月30日——4月10日出席第二届全国人代大会第二次会议。周恩来总理作了关于国际形势和外交政策的报告。会议通过关于1960年国民经济计划、1959年国家决算和1960年国家预算的决议。通过关于为提前实现全国农业发展纲要而奋斗的决议。 4月22日出席中共中央举行的纪念列宁诞辰90周年大会。陆定一作《在列宁的革命旗帜下团结起来》的报告。 5月15日中共中央财贸部和国务院各财贸部门召集全国5100多名技术革新能手表演大会。李先念、许德珩、姚依林出席大会。马明方在大会上作报告。他要求技术革新能手们虚心学习，刻苦钻研，取长补短，共同提高，充分发挥带头作用、骨干作用和桥梁作用，使技术革新之花，日新月异，在全国财贸部门结出丰硕成果。 5月16日中共中央机关刊物《红旗》第10期发表马明方《新形势下财贸工作的几个问题》的文章说，财贸工作是具有极其广泛的群众性的工作，一切从事财贸工作的同志，都要树立坚强的群众观点，重视人，爱护人，做人的工作，走群众路线，这是财贸工作获得不断发展的根本保证。 5月20日参加首都320万人的空前大示威，反对美国政府派间谍飞机对苏联进行侵略和挑衅。邓小平在大会上警告帝国主义：每一次挑衅都将受到加倍的惩罚。 5月24日同李先念、姚依林等参加全国财贸部门技术革新表演大会闭幕式，决定推广1000多项技术革新项目。马明方代表大会把5000多面奖状授予在技术革新运动中创出优异成绩的先进集体和先进个人，勉励他们百尺竿头，更进一步。 同日晚马明方、姚依林等参加首都财贸职工和各地技术革新能手在北京劳动人民文化宫举行的游园联欢晚会。 5月26日出席第二届全国人大常委会第27次会议，批准《中华人民共和国和尼泊尔王国和平友好条约》。 5月29日到北京医院向林伯渠遗体告别。 5月30日到北京劳动人民文化宫吊唁林伯渠同志。 6月1日出席全国文教群英大会，并被选为大会主席团成员。陆定一致祝词。刘少奇、周恩来、朱德、宋庆龄等出席大会。 同日刘少奇、周恩来、朱德、宋庆龄、董必武、邓小平等党和国家领导人接见全国文教群英大会主席团全体成员，并亲切交谈。 6月2日参加首都各界人民公祭林伯渠大会。 7月5日——8月10日参加在北戴河召开的中央工作会议。会议主要讨论国际问题和国内经济调整问题。 9月一天深夜，周恩来总理打电话问：“明方同志睡了没有？”秘书回答：“刚回上房去了。”总理说：“那好，不要叫他了。”明方得知后对秘书说：“以后总理不管什么时候来电话，一定叫我。党的事再小也是大事，个人的事再大也是小事。” 9月30日出席周恩来总理为庆祝中华人民共和国成立11周年举行的盛大招待会。 10月1日在天安门参加国庆观礼活动。 10月20日出席中共中央东北局第一次全体委员会预备会议，并在会上传达刘少奇同志指示：一、自留地定下来不要动：二、调生产小队的东西要彻底退赔；三、生产队的三包四固定要定下来；四、农村搞丰产方小一点好。 10月21日中共中央通知，宋任穷任东北局第一书记，欧阳钦任第二书记，马明方任第三书记，黄火青、吴德、黄欧东、陈锡联任书记，喻屏、强晓初任候补书记。 10月23日在东北局第一次全委会预备会议上讨论农业问题时说，人民公社搞“一平二调”的东西必须坚决退回去，不能动摇。 10月24日出席东北局书记处第一次会议，讨论召开东北局第一次全体委员会议的有关问题。 11月2日——7日在吉林省长春市出席中共中央东北局委员会第一次会议，并在6日的会议上作关于农业生产和农村群众生活安排问题的发言说，粮食丰收了一切问题都好办。 11月18日出席东北局书记处第二次会议，讨论书记处同志的分工问题。宋任穷负责全面工作，欧阳钦负责常务和农业工作，马明方负责财贸、政法和战备工作。 11月23日在沈阳北陵招待所出席东北局书记处第三次会议，讨论贯彻执行中央关于农村人民公社当前政策问题的紧急指不信，全面安排农业生产和人民生活等问题。 12月1日——3日出席东北局书记处第四次会议，宋任穷、马明方传达中央工作会议精神，讨论整风整社和群众生活安排问题。 12月20日——21日出席东北局书记处第五次会议。会议确定，由马明方、强晓初主持召开一次地市委书记电话会议，集中力量把群众生活安排好。 12月末刘少奇、周恩来、邓小平听取马明方、强晓初关于东北农村粮食供应紧张情况的汇报后，立即决定调给东北粮食两亿斤，解救了燃眉之急。