Chapter 16 Chapter Two 1936-1948

On January 3, made a report on the organization and work of poor peasant leagues in Chiyuan, Zichang, Yanchuan, Xiuyan, and Wayaobao cities held by the Soviet government in northern Shaanxi. From January 29th to 30th, he attended the Northwest Congress of Workers, Peasants, Soldiers, Students, and Businessmen, and was elected as a member of the presidium of the congress.The meeting announced the formal establishment of the Northwest Anti-Japanese and Anti-Chiang League. On March 5th, Zhang Wentian, Mao Zedong, Peng Dehuai, Bo Gu, and Zhou Enlai jointly signed a call to the Red Front Army armies, and the heads of the CCP’s northern Shaanxi and Shaanxi-Gansu Provincial Committees, pointing out that the "mutual non-aggression" agreement between our side and the Northeast Army is still under negotiation In the middle, it can be communicated orally first, so that the soldiers and civilians of all parties can form a close relationship with the officers and soldiers of Wang Yizhe's 67th Army, so as to achieve the purpose of further discussing the resistance against Japan and the crusade against traitors.

From March 10th to 15th, he attended the Second Congress of the Soviets of Northern Shaanxi Province in Wayaobao, and made a report on the work of the Soviet Government of Northern Shaanxi Province in the past year.After the meeting passed Ma Mingfang's government work report and policies and decrees on carrying out the land revolution, the executive committee of the Northern Shaanxi Provincial Congress of Soviets was elected, consisting of 49 executive members including Ma Mingfang and 10 alternate executive members. On March 16, at the first meeting of the Executive Committee of the Soviet Congress in Northern Shaanxi Province, a 13-member presidium was elected, with Ma Mingfang as the chairman of the Soviet Government in Northern Shaanxi Province and Howed as the vice chairman.

On April 6, he participated in a meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss the situation after Chiang Kai-shek sent troops to Shanxi and the mobilization work in the rear. Zhou Enlai made a report on war mobilization at the meeting.Zhang Wentian demanded that in the mobilization from the rear, we should increase our confidence in victory, not only to overcome the concept of peace, but also to oppose panic, and to mobilize good cadres to the theater. On April 9th, in order to better carry out the guerrilla warfare in the Soviet area, Ma Mingfang joined the staff of the agency to participate in the Red Guard Camp in Wayaobao City to learn military knowledge and guerrilla tactics and prepare for the battle.

On April 24, he participated in the grand memorial meeting for Comrade Liu Zhidan held by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Wayaobao City.Zhou Enlai delivered a eulogy, and Bo Gu spoke. On May 1st, he participated in the "May 1st" Armed Review Conference held in Wayaobao City. On May 28, he participated in a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to discuss military operations.Mao Zedong made a report at the meeting.The meeting formulated the policy of jointly establishing the Northwest National Defense Government with the Northeast Army and the Seventeenth Route Army and striving for victory.

At the end of June, due to the westward march of the main force of the Red Army, Wayaobao was attacked by the Kuomintang army. The Northern Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and the provincial Soviet government moved to Tanjiaying, Ansai County. On July 1, the article "Soviet Work in the Guerrilla Area" was published in the third issue of "Party Work", a publication of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, emphasizing that the main job of the first Soviet area in northern Shaanxi is to actively lead the guerrilla warfare and make the guerrillas and guerrillas Small groups generally develop like a spider's web, striking and destroying the enemy.

On August 26, the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic's "Declaration to the Gelaohui" was read out at the Gelaohui meeting jointly held in Qingyang and Huanxian.It is hoped that the Gelaohui and the Communist Party will unite under the banner of resisting Japan and saving the country, and unite closely, "together with loyalty, and to face the national calamity together." On August 29th, on the thirteenth day of the seventh month in the Bingzi year of the lunar calendar, his son Ma Guangsheng was born.Ma Guang is the grandson of Ma's parents. His childhood name is Shoupan, and his grandmother's nickname is Shoushou. The whole family loves it.After Ma Guang grew up, his father was very strict with him, and he was not allowed to have anything special. In the summer of 1963, Ma Guang went from Xi'an to Shenyang to find his father and want to go to university.The father said, "Depending on your ability, you can pass the exam if you can, and don't if you can't pass the exam!" But Mingfang cared about his son very much.In "Cultural Revolution Supervision", every time he sees his daughter Ma Rui, he always asks with concern, "How is Ma Guang's family?"

After Dong Guo Hongtao was transferred from the Northern Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, Ma Mingfang took over as Secretary of the Northern Shaanxi Provincial Committee, and Ma Peixun took over as Chairman of the Soviet Government of Northern Shaanxi Province. When Qiang Xiaochu was transferred to be the vice chairman of the Soviet government of Shenfu Special Zone in January, Ma Mingfang told Xiaochu that this area is very important and is the northern gate of northern Shaanxi Province. area. In the spring, the Northern Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the provincial Soviet government moved to Panlong Town, Yan'an County.

On March 11, he participated in the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (expanded) to discuss the work in northern Shaanxi.Ma Mingfang made a report on the work in northern Shaanxi at the meeting.In his summary, Zhang Wentian emphasized that the work in northern Shaanxi must adapt to the new situation after the peaceful settlement of the Xi’an Incident, implement a democratic system of universal suffrage in the Special Economic Zone, stop the policy of confiscating land from landlords, and resolutely implement the common program of the Anti-Japanese National United Front.

On April 7, he delivered a speech at the Youth Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Movement Congress in Northern Shaanxi Province, asking all counties to strengthen the leadership of the Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Movement, and to create the Northern Shaanxi Soviet Area into a model area for democratic anti-Japanese. On April 26, participated in the drafting committee of the economic construction reform plan of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Special Economic Zone Government, making preparations for the transformation from the Soviet system to a democratic republic. On May 1, more than 5,000 people participated in the "May 1st" celebration held in Yan'an City.Zhu De and Lin Boqu will speak at the meeting.

From May 2nd to 14th, he attended the National Party Representative Conference (also known as the Soviet Area Party Representative Conference) held by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Yan'an with the participation of representatives of the Soviet Area, the White Area and the Red Army, and was elected as a member of the presidium of the conference.Zhang Wentian delivered an opening speech, and Mao Zedong made a report on "The Tasks of the Communist Party of China in the Anti-Japanese Period" and the conclusion of "Struggle to Win Millions of People into the Anti-Japanese National United Front".The meeting called for building the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region into a model area of ​​anti-Japanese democratic politics.

On May 15th, he attended the first congress of the Communist Party of China's Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Special Zone in Yan'an, and was elected as the executive member of the first committee of the Communist Party of China's Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Special Zone.In his speech at the meeting, Mao Zedong called for "transformation and creation of the Special Zone into a model area for anti-Japanese democratic politics, a model area for politics and military affairs in the Anti-Japanese National Revolutionary War, and a model area for realizing a democratic republic." On May 17, he attended the first meeting of the Executive Committee of the First Committee of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Special Zone of the Communist Party of China in Yan'an, and elected Guo Hongtao as the secretary. On May 28, he gave a speech at the provincial student representative learning competition meeting held by the Ministry of Education of the Soviet Government of Northern Shaanxi Province, calling on students from all over the province to actively participate in learning competition activities, learn knowledge well, aspire to become talents, and serve the country. In May, he served as Minister of Internal Affairs of the Central Government Office in the Northwest. On August 15, the official publication of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border (Special) Region Committee’s official publication “Party Work” published Ma Mingfang’s article “Democratic Election Movement within the Party in Northern Shaanxi” by Ma Mingfang, emphasizing that the Party’s Life leads to a lively new stage, which makes the party organization and membership more Bolshevik. On September 6, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Government was established.Lin Boqu was the chairman, Zhang Guotao was the vice-chairman, Qin Bangxian, Dong Biwu, Xu Teli, Xie Juezai, Guo Hongtao, Ma Mingfang, and Gao Gang were members of the presidium, and Ma Mingfang was also the director of the Civil Affairs Department of the Border Region Government. On September 16, he participated in the enlarged meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to discuss the work of the government of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.Zhang Guotao and Guo Hongtao made work reports at the meeting.In summary, Zhang Wentian said that now is the tense period of the war of resistance, and the main danger within the party is still the concept of peace. The entire Soviet area must have an emergency mobilization for the war of resistance, creating an atmosphere of resistance against the war in the entire Soviet area. On September 23, Luo Fu and Mao Zedong called Bogu and Ye Jianying in Nanjing: About the government members of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, there were seven former members Lin Boqu, Zhang Guotao, Bogu, Xu Teli, Dong Biwu, Xie Juezai, and Ma Mingfang, and now Guo Hongtao and Gao Gang were added. There are nine people in total. On September 26, the 44th issue of "Party Work", the official publication of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border (Special) Region Committee, published Ma Mingfang's article "The People of the Border Region Mobilize to Participate in the Autumn Harvest Movement", asking men, women and children in the border region to mobilize together to seize time. Harvest the autumn well, plant good wheat, harvest more grain, and support the anti-Japanese war. On September 27, the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent a letter to the Nanjing Kuomintang, requesting the National Government to add Lin Boqu, Zhang Guotao, Bo Gu, Xu Teli, Dong Biwu, Xie Juezai, Ma Mingfang, Guo Hongtao, Gao Gang, and other nine members to the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Special Administrative Region Government Committee. On October 5th, the 45th issue of "Party Work", the official publication of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border (Special) District Committee, published Ma Mingfang's article "Struggle to Collect 15,000 shi to save the country's public grain", pointing out that paying the national salvation public grain due obligations. On October 26, he participated in the enlarged meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to discuss the work of the five counties of Suide, Mizhi, Qingjian, Jiaxian, and Wubao.Zhang Wentian pointed out that the purpose of our work in the five counties is to make it a model anti-Japanese democratic area, and this must be realized in the struggle of the united front, and new working methods must be adopted, and the old methods of opening up Soviet areas cannot be used. On October 29, after Mizhi County came under the jurisdiction of the Eighth Route Army of the Suide Police District, Ma Mingfang sent his parents and family members back to live in his hometown Yejiacha. In November, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to establish a secret Suide Special Committee of the Communist Party of China in the Suide Garrison District. Its name was the Democracy Movement Section of the Garrison Command Command, and the secretary of the special committee was the chief of the Democracy Movement Section.The Special Committee is under the Party Committee of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.Ma Mingfang also serves as the head of the Organization Department of the special committee. On December 13, the CPC Central Committee decided that Lin Boqu (chairman), Zhang Guotao (vice chairman), Xi Zhongxun, Xu Teli, Liu Jingfan, Ma Mingfang, and Gao Gang would form the new presidium of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Government. On January 6, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Examination Committee was established, and Ma Mingfang was a member of the Examination Committee. In March, he acted as Secretary of the Suide Special Committee of the Communist Party of China. In April, he left Suide and returned to Yan'an.He became ill due to overwork, and was approved by the central government to go to the Soviet Union for medical treatment.After arriving in Lanzhou, together with Ren Bishi, Zhang Ziyi, Fang Zhichun, Li Tianyou, Zhong Chibing, etc., they went to Moscow via Xinjiang. On November 13th, at the Second Congress of the CPC Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, 35 people including Ma Mingfang were nominated as candidates for the Second Committee of the CPC Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. check).That year, he studied and treated diseases at the Eastern University in Moscow, and served as the group leader of the Communist Party of China at the Eastern University. During his study at Moscow Oriental University in January, he wrote the autobiographical material "My Resume" to the party organization. That year, he carefully read Marx, Engels and Les works at the Eastern University in Moscow, and wrote a lot of reading notes, thus laying a solid theoretical foundation. Before returning from the Soviet Union in early January, together with Fang Zhichun and others, they paid a visit to Dimitrov, the leader of the Communist International, and received a warm reception. In January, more than 20 people including Zhang Ziyi, Fang Zhichun, Li Yaoru, and Liu Huping left the Soviet Union and returned to China.When passing through Dihua (now Urumqi), due to the reversal of the situation in Xinjiang, I stayed in Dihua temporarily.Later, he was transferred to the secretary of the party branch of the office of the Eighth Route Army in Xinjiang. On November 20, he was elected as a member of the Government Committee of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region at the first meeting of the Second Senate Council of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. In June, he participated in the study meeting for cadres of the Xinjiang Office of the Eighth Route Army. Chen Tanqiu conveyed the instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on launching the rectification movement. In the same month, he served as a member of the General Academic Committee with Chen Tanqiu as the director, and assisted Chen Tanqiu in leading the rectification study.In response to the difficult situation at that time, we strengthened the education of the revolutionary integrity of the Communist Party members, requiring each Party member to be ready to deal with possible sudden events at any time with the heroic spirit of "a man can be killed but his ambition cannot be taken away". In July, Chen Tanqiu arranged for the first batch of comrades, including Ma Mingfang, to evacuate back to Yan'an according to the instructions of the Central Committee.But Comrade Ming Fang insisted that Chen Tanqiu and other comrades go first.And patiently do persuasion work for some comrades. On September 17, Sheng Shicai, a warlord in Xinjiang, betrayed the united front relationship agreement signed with the Communist Party in order to achieve his evil goal of voting against the Communist Party. Including children) were placed under house arrest in Qiu Mansion and Sanjiaodi, and Ma Mingfang and others were placed under house arrest in Hachinoheliang. "Yesterday's guest" has become "today's prisoner". On January 14, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China called Zhou Enlai in Chongqing: Try to rescue the staff of our party who were under house arrest by Sheng Shicai. On February 6th, after Ma Mingfang and others received a secret letter from Chen Tanqiu "we must strengthen our fighting spirit and strive to return to Yan'an collectively" while under house arrest, together with Zhang Ziyi and other comrades, they immediately launched a tenacious struggle of "a hundred sons of one heart, return to Yan'an collectively". On February 10, the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China called Zhou Enlai in Chongqing, requesting the release of a group of comrades such as Xu Jie (Chen Tanqiu) and Zhou Bin (Mao Zemin) detained by Sheng Shicai during the conversation with Zhang Zhizhong. On March 10, Chiang Kai-shek sent a senior agent of the Central Committee to Dihua with a secret order that "the chief must be killed" to directly participate in the persecution of the Communists in the name of the so-called "specially dispatched Xinjiang jury". On April 11, Sheng Shicai, a Xinjiang warlord, put Ma Mingfang, Fang Zhichun, and Liu Huping, who were under house arrest in Hachinheliang, into Dihua No. 1 Prison (later transferred to No. 2 Prison).Ma Mingfang immediately asked, "The Communist Party and the Eighth Route Army have made meritorious service in persevering in the War of Resistance. What is the crime?" . On April 12th, Ma Mingfang saw a ball of paper (jokingly called "airline letter") thrown through the bars: "I have returned to the list, what instructions do you have?" Immediately wrote the reply note "Strengthen contact, be vigilant!" and forward it to Gao Dengbang. In May, his wife Luo Shi died of illness in his hometown of Mizhi at the age of 35. In June, Lin Boqu proposed to the Kuomintang authorities in Chongqing to release patriots including Chen Tanqiu, who was imprisoned in Xinjiang, in order to facilitate the resistance against Japan. In September, Ma Mingfang instructed comrades in prison to widely copy and sing "Prisoner's Song" written by comrade-in-arms Lin Jilu, "Throw our heads and build a pyramid of freedom; sprinkle our blood, dye it into a red flag, and fly it for thousands of years!" ,Boost morale. On September 27, Chen Tanqiu, Mao Zemin, and Lin Jilu were secretly murdered.After the bad news spread to the prison, the comrades were deeply saddened, and held a memorial service under the leadership of the party organization in the prison, and collectively composed a "memorial song": The insane scum murdered your precious life!Your unyielding will will live forever in the hearts of millions of people!Your honorable name will inspire us to fight heroically against the darkness. In October, together with Zhang Ziyi, Fang Zhichun and other comrades in prison, he fought witty battles with the enemy many times. After establishing contact between prison numbers at the beginning of the year, Ma Mingfang instructed his comrades to use newspapers as spiritual food, to keep abreast of domestic and foreign situations, to clarify the direction, and to strengthen their fighting spirit. On June 5, the CCP negotiator Lin Boqu, on behalf of the CCP Central Committee, proposed to the Kuomintang government to release all CCP arrestees including Xinjiang prisons. In November, after the enemy divided the CCP personnel in Xinjiang prisons into male prisons (Second Prison) and female prisons (Fourth Prison), the prison leadership core headed by Zhang Ziyi, Ma Mingfang, and Fang Zhichun united all comrades around the Party , launched several anti-universal interrogation and hunger strikes. On March 22, after the KMT specially dispatched Xinjiang "judgment team to clean up accumulated cases" and handed over the CCP personnel in Dihua Prison to the Xinjiang KMT Police Department, the control was stricter, the methods were more vicious, and torture was frequently used.And the comrades in prison have different ways of fighting.As Hu Guozhen, chief of the enemy's police force, said in his report to Wu Zhongxin, the CCP personnel sang "The Internationale" and "Prisoner's Song" in prison, went on hunger strike collectively, and used excuses to stir up trouble. On June 9th and 10th, a new Central Committee was elected at the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in Yan'an. Chen Tanqiu was elected as a member of the Central Committee, and Ma Mingfang was elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee. Taking advantage of the favorable opportunity of the Soviet Union declaring war on Japan in early August, Ma Mingfang, together with Zhang Ziyi, Fang Zhichun, etc., organized fellow sufferers to fight resolutely against the prison warden's crime of indiscriminate punishment. In mid-August, in order to protest against the enemy's inhumane torture and interrogation, all comrades in the men's prison went on a hunger strike for another seven days, and finally forced the enemy to stop torture, allowed them to read newspapers, and improved some living conditions. During the negotiations in Chongqing on September 2, Mao Zedong proposed to the Kuomintang to release all political prisoners, including those held in Xinjiang prisons. On September 13, Zhang Zhizhong was ordered to fly to Xinjiang to deal with the people's revolutionary uprising in Yili, Tacheng, and Ashan. Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao specifically asked him to find out the CCP personnel detained by Sheng Shicai and try to release them. On October 4, the Yan'an "Liberation Daily" published an editorial "Requesting the KMT Authorities to Fulfill the Promise of "Returning Power to the People"", clearly stating that "CCP Central Committee Member Chen Tanqiu, Alternate Central Committee Committee Members Liao Chengzhi, Ma Mingfang, etc. are still imprisoned."If the Kuomintang wants to "return power to the people," it should immediately cancel all anti-democratic laws and release all political prisoners.Otherwise, all good-sounding promises are nothing but empty excuses. After Zhang Zhizhong arrived in Xinjiang in mid-October, he immediately sent Qu Wu, the mayor of Dihua, to the women's prison to visit Yang Zhihua (alias Du Ning, Zhang Zhizhong is Qu Qiubai's student, called Yang Zhihua's teacher's mother), and talked about how Zhou Enlai and his wife entrusted Zhang Zhizhong to rescue the CCP personnel. question.Yang Zhihua reported to the party organization in prison. In November, during the struggle against the widespread interrogation by the Xinjiang Kuomintang Police Department, facing the enemy’s slander against the Communist Party and the Eighth Route Army, the party organization in the prison led all comrades to resolutely fight against the enemy, and solemnly declared: the Communist Party saves the country and the people, and will never endanger the country National interests; the Eighth Route Army's heroic resistance against Japan has attracted worldwide attention. On November 6, all the comrades in the male prison were unyielding in protesting against the enemy's torture.The enemy admitted helplessly: "The 88 members of the Communist Party talked to each other and persuaded them to surrender, but they were all obsessed with it." "Their blood is full of communist poison and cannot be cured." In late November, Ma Mingfang denounced the enemy's rumors and slanders against the Communist Party and the Eighth Route Army as "two factions' nonsense" in prison.And in front of the enemy's coercion and temptation to fill in "belief and volunteering", he wrote "believe in communism and volunteer to return to Yan'an". This year’s Xinjiang Prison Archives records: “Ma Mingfang and others are stubborn by nature. They hold separate group meetings in prison on weekdays, learn to sing the Internationale, and demand the return of Marxist-Leninist books. Stubbornness." At the beginning of the year, under the pressure of the CCP and the people of the whole country, the Kuomintang authorities had no choice but to issue an order from the Executive Yuan ordering the release of political prisoners across the country.But Zhu Shaoliang and Wu Zhongxin, who are in power in Xinjiang, refused to implement it. In late March, Zhou Enlai entrusted Zhang Zhizhong, the newly appointed chairman of the Military Commission of the Nationalist Government and director of the Northwest Camp and Chairman of Xinjiang Province, to try to rescue the CCP personnel detained in Dihua Prison. On the eve of Zhang Zhizhong's departure to Xinjiang on April 1, Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao visited Zhang Zhizhong's home in Guiyuan, Shangqing Temple, Chongqing.Zhang Zhizhong agreed in person. After Zhang Zhizhong arrived in Dihua on April 4, he sent Qu Wu and Dang Bigang, the leader of the second group of the Dihua Office, to the prison to visit and condolences, to improve living conditions, and to convey that he was entrusted by Zhou Enlai to release the CCP as soon as possible. The personnel returned to Yan'an. On April 7, Yang Zhihua wrote a letter to Zhang Zhizhong on behalf of the party organization in the prison, demanding to restore his freedom and improve his living conditions.Zhang Zhizhong wrote in the letter: "immediately improve the food, allow free movement in prison, and allow those who have spouses to meet." In late April, Zhang Zhizhong called Chiang Kai-shek, stating that "if we can take the initiative to announce the release of the CCP detained in Xinjiang, it will be beneficial and harmless to the cooperation between the two parties and the current situation." At the end of April, Zhang Zhizhong called Chiang Kai-shek again, stating that "if he refuses to release him, the CCP will probably announce it to the public, accusing the government of violating the "Double Ten Agreement" and the "CPPCC Resolution", and he will still have to be released at that time, but he will suffer political losses. Weigh the pros and cons and wait for a speedy ruling." In early May, Zhang Zhizhong called for the third time to urge Chiang Kai-shek, "Please settle the case of releasing CCP personnel back to Yan'an as soon as possible." After Zhang Zhizhong repeatedly explained the pros and cons of releasing the CCP personnel on May 10, Chiang Kai-shek reluctantly replied on May 10 to agree. In mid-May, Zhang Zhizhong sent his secretary Yu Zhanbang and Dang Bigang to the prison on his behalf to announce that all detained CCP personnel would be released unconditionally and escorted back to Yan'an. On May 21, the comrades in prison did not fully understand the outside situation, and suspected fraud in the unconditional release.In order to prevent accidents, with the consent of the party organization in the prison, he wrote to Zhang Zhizhong in the name of "Wang Yunxue and others", asking for five requirements including resting in Dihua for two months after release.Zhang Zhizhong immediately invited six people including Yang Zhihua, Zhu Danhua, Jihe, Li Yunyang, Shen Gunan, and Du Yi (daughter of Qu Qiubai) to his apartment for an interview.It is clearly stated that the situation of the Kuomintang-Communist peace talks is complicated, and the future is not optimistic. It is better to return to Yan'an sooner rather than later, and changes will happen later.And "with my 'three trips to Yan'an' guarantee, there will be no problems on the way."Thus gaining the trust of comrades in prison. In early June, Zhang Zhizhong reviewed the plan to escort the CCP personnel back to Yan'an, and specially appointed Major General Liu Yazhe, Director of the Traffic Department of the Xinjiang Garrison Command, and Tang Jiangui, his guard company commander, to be responsible for the escort.Face-to-face instructions: This is a special task, not to escort prisoners, be polite to them, and take good care of their lives.In order to ensure safety, it is also equipped with military doctors, military supplies and a platoon of armed forces.Before departure, Zhang Zhizhong specially wholesaled 40,000 yuan in legal currency to each person for living expenses.He also personally notified the chairman of Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and Hu Zongnan, the commander-in-chief of the first war zone, emphasizing that this was a member of the CCP released with the approval of Chiang Kai-shek. On June 6, "Xinjiang Daily" published the news that Zhang Zhizhong released the CCP personnel. On June 9th, Zhang Zhizhong sent Qu Wu to the prison on his behalf to see off the released CCP members and wished them a safe journey. On June 10, the CCP released 131 detainees (including 23 children) in ten large trucks, departing from Dihua and arriving in Lanzhou on June 19.The Gansu Province and Lanzhou municipal authorities held banquets for "entertainment". At the meeting, there was a war of words, and the "dust cleaning banquet" became a "Hongmen banquet". After the released CCP left Lanzhou in late June, they suddenly received a telegram from Hu Zongnan on the way, "not allowed to enter Xi'an."After the agreement between the party organization and Liu Yazhe, in the name of "rescue patients", he broke into Xi'an overnight on June 26 and stayed in the Eighth Route Army's Xi'an office.And Hu Zongnan used the excuse of "political censorship, not allowed to leave Xi'an."Through the efforts of the Party Central Committee and Zhang Zhizhong, the release began in early July. The 129 comrades who were released from Xinjiang prison on July 9 (two died of illness on the way) traveled 3,000 kilometers for a month and finally arrived at Jijia Village, Fu County, in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.The media praised this as a "special force" that completed a "special battle" and returned with victory, which was hard-won.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent people to Jijia Village to hold a welcome meeting, and presented gifts to Liu Yazhe and other escorts to express their gratitude.Soon after Ma Mingfang and others were released, Chiang Kai-shek tore up all agreements and provoked a full-scale civil war. On August 2, another seven planes were dispatched to bomb Yan'an, threatening to "eliminate the Communist Party in three months."General Zhang Zhizhong's advice to the CCP's released personnel to leave Dihua "as soon as possible" is really a promise, and it is very valuable. All the comrades who were released from Xinjiang on July 11 transferred to Eighth Route Army vehicles and arrived safely in Yan'an.Zhu De, Ren Bishi, Lin Boqu, Yang Shangkun and other leading comrades of the central government went to Qilipu to greet them, and got into the car to embrace them warmly. On July 12, cadres from various agencies in Yan'an held a party in the auditorium of the Central Party School to welcome 129 comrades including Ma Mingfang who had returned from Xinjiang.Zhu De greeted the welcome secretary at the meeting. On July 13, Mao Zedong and other leading comrades of the Central Committee visited 129 comrades including Ma Mingfang, Zhang Ziyi, Fang Zhichun, and Yang Zhihua at the Central Party School. They shook hands with each of them and said repeatedly: "Comrades have suffered, and coming back means victory!" On July 14, the Party Congress in Yangjialing area sent a letter praising the comrades in prisons in Xinjiang for "the living ones are steadfast and unyielding, and the dead ones regard death as home!" On July 15, the Yangjialing central authority sent Deng Jie, Zhang Qinqiu, Zhang Zhongshi and other comrades to the Central Party School to condolences to Ma Mingfang and other comrades who had been released from Xinjiang. On July 16, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China hosted a banquet for 129 comrades including Ma Mingfang. Zhu De gave a welcome speech, and Mao Zedong raised his glass to congratulate the comrades on their victory. On July 17, Mao Zedong hosted a dinner for comrades who had been released from Xinjiang in the Yangjialing Auditorium, and Zhu De delivered a welcome speech. On July 20, the Northwest Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the government of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region and the Senate of the Border Region held an evening party to welcome comrades who had been released from Xinjiang.After Xie Juezai's speech, Ma Mingfang said at the meeting that we have never forgotten Yan'an in prison, and we are determined to return to Yan'an collectively.Now this long-buried wish in our hearts has come true, and we are home. On the same day, Ma Mingfang, together with Qin Hualong, Zhang Ziyi, Li Zonglin, Liu Huping, Xie Liang, Li Yunyang, Li He, Liu Mian, Zhu Danhua, Yang Zhihua, Wu Naiyin, Shen Gunan, Yang Xiguang, Fang Zhichun, Gao Dengbang, and Yan Zhengang, returned from prison in Xinjiang. Waiting for 17 comrades to take a group photo in Yan'an. On July 28, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Zhou Enlai called Zhang Zhizhong, expressing their gratitude for the unconditional release of all the Communist Party personnel in Xinjiang Prison and sending special personnel to escort them back to Yan'an. At the end of July, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China announced that all comrades including Ma Mingfang, who had been released from Xinjiang, would rest in Yan'an for three months. On August 2, "Liberation Daily" published Ma Mingfang's article "Demand to Release All Political Prisoners in the Country". On August 6, a meeting to commemorate the martyrs who died in Xinjiang was held at the Central Party School.Ma Mingfang and An Ziwen officiated, Zhang Ziyi and Zhu Danhua delivered eulogies. On the same day, "Liberation Daily" published Ma Mingfang and Zhang Ziyi's condolences to the martyrs who died in Xinjiang: "The cause lasts forever, and the spirit never dies." In August, Ma Mingfang gave a report to the students of the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, exposing the crime of the Xinjiang warlord Sheng Shicai who betrayed his faith and defected to Chiang Kai-shek to oppose the Communist Party, and introduced how General Zhang Zhizhong rescued the CCP prisoners who were released from prison and returned to Yan'an. Qiu introduced the heroic deeds of the party organization in the Xinjiang prison leading comrades in fighting against the enemy at the meeting of the secretary of the district party committee, party members and cadres, and the meeting of primary and secondary school teachers held by the Mizhi County Committee of the Communist Party of China. On October 21, after a collective study and discussion by comrades released from prison in Xinjiang, Comrade Fang Zhichun wrote the "Report on the Anti-Fascist Struggle in Xinjiang Prisons" written in the name of the party organization in Xinjiang Prisons and submitted it to the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee. On October 23rd and 24th, he participated in the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Northwest Bureau to discuss the issues raised at the joint meeting of the financial section chiefs of counties in the border area. In November, Mrs. Li Zhuoran, director of propaganda of the Northwest Bureau, introduced that under the "combination" of enthusiastic comrades and the "arrangement" of the organization, I met Ma Shuliang in Yan'an on the same day and got married on the same day.Everything is kept simple, without holding any ceremony, and without adding a new daily necessities, a new family is formed, which is simple and warm. On November 7th, he participated in the Standing Committee of the Northwest Bureau to discuss the issues of combat readiness and clearing the field. On November 8, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China notified that Ma Mingfang was a member and deputy secretary of the Northwest Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. On November 15th, he made a speech at the Standing Committee of the Northwest Bureau, saying that to realize that the war is long-term and arduous, all levels of prefectures and counties must save money and support the war. On November 20, when discussing the work of the Luochuan Special Committee at the Standing Committee of the Northwest Bureau, he said that it is necessary to educate cadres to actively prepare for possible wars in terms of ideology and work.Don't be paralyzed. On November 21, Xi Zhongxun, Ma Mingfang, Zhang Desheng, and Cao Liru sent a message to congratulate General Hu Jingduo, the deputy commander of Yulin Security, who led the uprising and established the Sixth Cavalry Division of the Northwest Democratic Alliance Army, hoping to unite and seek the peace of the people of the Northwest. On November 22, Comrade Zhou Enlai's instructions were conveyed at the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Northwest Bureau. Our policy for fighting Chiang Kai-shek is: adhere to the liberated areas, and fight for every inch of land. On November 23, when discussing the work in Longdong in the Northwest Bureau, he said that the key to changing the work in Longdong is to completely change the leadership style.In areas where land reform is being carried out, the work style of cadres should be seriously improved on the basis of mobilizing the masses, and the relationship between cadres and the masses should be strengthened. From December 8th to 11th, when discussing the work of Gansu in the Northwest Bureau, he said that Gansu's position in the Northwest is very important. It should actively establish and improve the party organization, let go of the development of hidden forces, and prepare for guerrilla warfare from ideological work and work. On December 28, when discussing the work of cadres at the Standing Committee of the Northwest Bureau, it was said that training cadres does not necessarily require training courses, but attention should be paid to educating and improving cadres in regular work. On December 31, when discussing the relevant issues after the uprising of the Sixth Cavalry Division at the Standing Committee of the Northwest Bureau, he said that the uprising of this unit is good, and we warmly welcome it.But we must patiently educate and help and transform them.Their shortcomings must be treated with caution, and they should not be hasty and simple. When discussing the work of Yuheng in the Northwest Bureau on January 5, he said that the key to the work of Yuheng New District is to solve the land problem by reducing rent and interest and liquidating bullies.Once this work is done well, the enthusiasm of the masses will rise, and other tasks will be done easily. On January 7, after listening to Hu Jingduo and Fan Ming's report on the work of the Sixth Cavalry Division, they said that it took three months to train this unit, and through policy and situational education, they will become a strong unit. On January 16, when discussing the work in Suining in the Northwest Bureau, he said that before the Northwest War broke out, the united front relationship should be used on the existing basis to do a better job in Ningxia. On January 28, Xi Zhongxun and Ma Mingfang called Sun Zuobin of the Gansu Working Committee, agreeing that the Pingdong Working Committee should carry out an extensive legal struggle against the "two-faced regime". At the beginning of February, the Northwest Bureau organized a land reform work group headed by Ma Mingfang and Chang Lifu as deputy head, together with the land reform work group of the central government led by Hu Qiaomu, went to the Longdong area to carry out land reform work. On February 3, Xi Zhongxun and Ma Mingfang called Gao Feng and Guo Bingkun, requesting to strengthen the training of troops, use all their strength to develop local armed forces, and strengthen local troops. On February 17, together with Hu Qiaomu and Chang Lifu, he participated in the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Longdong Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss the issue of land reform in the old areas, and proposed that the rich peasants should be treated carefully, and that the feudal tail should be cut off, and it is not appropriate to hit too hard. In February, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China established the Front Enemy Committee and the Rear Work Committee in the Northwest Bureau according to the development of the situation and actual work needs.The front committee consists of Xi Zhongxun, Zhang Zongxun, Wang Shitai, Liao Hansheng, Yan Kuiyao, and Xu Liqing, with Xi Zhongxun as secretary.The rear committee is composed of Ma Mingfang, Lin Boqu, Wang Weizhou, Jia Tuofu, and Zhou Xing, and Ma Mingfang is the secretary. On March 10, he participated in the meeting of the Longdong Prefectural Committee to discuss how to adapt to the war environment and carry out land reform work. On March 12, at the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Longdong Prefectural Committee, it was stated that the completion of land reform before the enemy attacked was the greatest support for the War of Liberation. On March 15, when discussing the Zhenyuan work at the Longdong Prefectural Committee, he said that under the war environment, we should use every possible opportunity to solve the land problem and strive to unite the broad masses of peasants to stand firmly on the revolutionary side. On March 19, Hu Qiaomu and Chang Lifu reported on the progress of the land reform in Yuele Sanxiang and Maling Sanxiang at the meeting of the Longdong Prefectural Committee. On March 20, when discussing the land reform work in Huan County, he said that the feudal exploitation of old and new rich peasants must be moved, but there should be a distinction.There are many situations for the new rich peasants.Some were developed after the land was distributed after the Agrarian Revolution and their own hard work.They should be given proper care and preferential treatment. On March 22, after listening to the report on the land reform work in Qingyang County, he said that the masses can stand the test in the war, and their determination to fight against the enemy is great.For those people who still have doubts, we must further do in-depth and detailed propaganda and explanation work to strengthen our confidence in victory. On March 26, I attended the meeting of the Longdong Prefectural Committee, listened to Zhang Zhongliang, the new Secretary of the Longdong Prefectural Committee, convey the instructions of the Northwest Bureau, and checked the problems existing in the leadership team of the original prefectural committee. On the same day, Xi Zhongxun and Ma Mingfang sent a letter to Zhang Bangying: Anyone who mistakenly classified middle peasants as rich peasants and fought against them during the land reform must be resolutely corrected, not even one household is wrong. On April 2, he participated in the meeting of the Longdong Prefectural Committee, and seriously criticized the original prefectural committee for not insisting on unified leadership in the leadership work, and asked for further inspection and correction of the egoism and formalism existing in some units. On April 8, Xi Zhongxun and Ma Mingfang called Gao Jinchun and Zhao Boping, requesting to investigate and deal with drug trafficking in Xunyi, Xinzheng and other places. On April 12, the Northwest Bureau forwarded Ma Mingfang's report on the inspection and leadership style of the Longdong Prefectural Committee. At the end of April, he was ordered to return to the Northwest Bureau from Longdong.Because Xi Zhongxun has gone to the front to participate in military command, Ma Mingfang presided over the work of the Northwest Bureau. On May 1, presided over the meeting of the Northwest Bureau's rear committee and listened to Cui Tianfu's report on Ansai's work. On the same day, he called the Suide Prefectural Committee: the enemy is about to invade Suimi, and the family members of the cadres should be transferred immediately, and Li Dingming, Huo Zhongnian, etc. should be transferred to a safe area in Shanxi. On May 2, he presided over a meeting of the Northwest Bureau's rear committee to discuss and inspect the work situation and existing problems after the withdrawal from Yan'an. On May 7th, he delivered a speech at the Panlong Victory Celebration of Party, Government, and Military cadres in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. He asked the soldiers and civilians in the entire border region not to be arrogant when they heard the victory, and to plan for the long term and work hard to support the frontline work. On May 14, at the working meeting of the Northwest Bureau's rear committee, he said that the organization and development of guerrillas should be based on political loyalty and reliability, and attention should be paid to quality. On May 19, he hosted a meeting of the Northwest Bureau's rear committee in Nanjiawan to discuss the handling of captives and troop expansion.Zhou Enlai attended the meeting and gave instructions. On May 20, Lin Boqu and Ma Mingfang replied to Sun Zuobin, agreeing that Comrade Xu Guozhen should be a member of the Gansu Working Committee of the Communist Party of China. On May 21, presided over the meeting of the Northwest Bureau's rear committee.When discussing the work in Yuheng, he said that the work in the new district should pay attention to the training and promotion of local cadres, and rely on them to do a good job. On June 1, he called Zhang Desheng, summarizing Zhou Enlai's instructions on Jiang's work in the district. On June 7, he reported to the Northwest Bureau and the Party Central Committee from Suide on the work of expanding troops, party consolidation and land reform. On June 15, Mao Zedong drafted a call to Lin Boqu and Wang Weizhou for the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China and told Peng Dehuai, Xi Zhongxun, Ma Mingfang, Ye Jianying, and Yang Shangkun: "The enemy's 'clearing and suppression' is mainly to harass our area and capture young men. According to our experience, as long as we take If you have a positive attitude and persevere in the struggle against 'clearance and suppression', even if a guerrilla group of a dozen or so guerrillas maintains constant contact with the enemy, it can also make the enemy hesitate to advance aggressively, or make the enemy afraid to go down the ditch to catch people. In this way, both It can delay the enemy's advance, so that I can cover the transfer of the masses and institutions, and can also prevent the enemy from harassing and reduce the losses of the masses and institutions." On June 16, he called Ma Wenrui and returned to the rear committee of the Northwest Bureau to discuss the restoration of youth and women's work organizations and other issues. 6月19日林伯渠、马明方致电贺龙、李井泉，提出军队干部家属特殊化严重，应即进行整顿。 6月20日致电张德生，说志丹、安塞已无敌人，我军将进行反攻。 6月23日致电绥德地委，要求立即领导地方武装袭击敌人，并制止地方保甲送粮草资敌。 6月25日致电三边地委，要求在解决土地问题的基础上，发动群众进行扩兵和发展党员的工作。 7月在西北局机关驻地马蹄沟同曹力如、师哲等研究延安以东地区的物资转移和抢运等问题。 7月3日在西北局召开的庆祝中国共产党成立26周年大会上讲话，号召全体党员和干部发扬艰苦奋斗作风，紧紧依靠人民群众，全力做好支援前线工作。 7月21日-23日在靖边县小河村参加中共中央召开的前委扩大会议。出席会议的有毛泽东、周恩来、任弼时、陆定一、杨尚昆、彭德怀、习仲勋、马明方、贾拓夫、张宗逊、王震、贺龙、张经武、陈赓等。周恩来在会上总结了人民解放军在战争第一年所取得的伟大胜利。毛泽东在会上首次提出用五年时间（从1946年7月算起）从根本上打倒国民党政府的目标。会议研究了解放战争由战略防御转入战略进攻及各个战场配合作战等问题。 7月26日毛泽东致电朱德、刘少奇，通报工作和战争情况。（一）中央已召集彭德怀、贺龙、习仲勋、马明方、贾拓夫诸同志开会三天，检讨工作；（二）决定精简人员，规定新的生活标准，以利持久；（三）决定向脱离群众的干部作斗争，开展土地改革；（四）野战军自打合水、曲子、环县歼灭八十一师及骑二旅大部后，三边敌人逃回宁夏，收复三边；（五）现决定向榆林行动，给该方之敌一个打击，相机夺取榆林，吸引胡军北援，以便陈赓纵队向豫西行动。 同日习仲勋、马明方致电三边部队，要求全力进行恢复工作，并与陇东地区经常取得联系。 7月27日习仲勋、马明方致电三边部队，要求三边光复后应着重发展地方武装，并做好扩兵工作。 7月28日出席撤出延安后召开的第一次西北局委员会议，讨论攻打榆林问题。 7月29日致电关中地委，要求尽快作好准备，积极开展游击战争。 8月3日习仲勋、马明方致电朱敏，要求对鄂旗蒙人自发组织的“独立运动”给予大力支持，务使广泛开展。 8月8日在绥德分区县委书记联席会议上作关于土地改革问题的报告。粮工作不能采取层层摊派的办法。 8月11日在西北局常委会议上讨论精简节约问题时说，为了贯彻执行中央提出的精简节约原则，所有留在后方的勤务、保姆等，原则上取消，把家属组织起来进行生产。 9月1日原国民党第三集团军总司令赵寿山将军，为反对蒋介石发动内战的反动政策，由南京、上海辗转抵达陕甘宁边区的绥德义合，林伯渠、马明方设宴欢迎，并同贺龙、习仲勋、杨明轩等一起与赵寿山合影留念。 9月12日习仲勋、马明方复电洛川特委，要求作好一切战斗准备，密切配合解放军主力的南进行动。 9月22日—24日在西北局召开的财经工作会议上讲话说，在收复区与巩固区，要迅速恢复与发展农业生产。在新区与游击区要摸索和创造一些做好财经工作的经验。 秋马明方随西北局机关驻马蹄沟时，有一位早年同他一起参加革命的老同志，要求帮助把在部队当兵的儿子退伍回家。明方劝解说，你家里若有困难，我可以帮你想办法克服，但当兵的都离开了部队，边区保不住了，你那个家还能保住吗？ 10月9日参加西北局会议，讨论陕甘宁和晋绥边区的财经统一问题。 10月下旬参加西北局和边区政府在绥德义合召开的各级干部会议，学习中央公布的《中国土地法大纲》，并结合边区实际，在不同地区采取不同的工作方针，实行彻底的土地改革。1月1日一13日在西北局召开的土地会议上讲话强调，土改中没收的财物应该一律全部分配给群众，任何个人不得占用。有的游击队占用了的，应尽量归还，确实无法归还的应由政府代为归还。 11月21日在西北局常委会议上讨论干部问题时说，我们的干部队伍存在着成分不纯、思想不纯的情况，应当在土改中整顿队伍，培养干部，选拔优秀干部，充实干部队伍。 12月1日在西北局会议上讨论黄龙工作时说，游击队要密切联系群众，在群众中扎根，发动和依靠群众打开工作新局面。 同日习仲勋、马明方电复甘肃工委孙作宾，同意成立教导队训练干部，并要求将游击战术列为训练干部的主要内容。 12月10日习仲勋、马明方致电马文瑞、曹力如，要求注意研究解决乡村干部中存在的不良思想作风问题，并编写有关学习资料教育提高干部。 12月18日林伯渠、习仲勋、马明方致信马文瑞、李卓然，要求在土改中要注意掌握政策，切忌发生急躁和脱离群众现象。 12月23日马明方在参加延属分区土改会议后，写信给习仲勋并西北局，提出对土改中错斗了的中农、富裕中农和新富农应一律平反，退还被没收的全部财物。 12月25日——28日在米脂县杨家沟参加中共中央召开的“十二月会议”。会议讨论了党在战争转入全面进攻后需要解决的军事问题、经济问题及统一战线问题，讨论了解放区的土地改革和整党问题。毛泽东在会议上所作的《目前形势和我们的任务》的报告，以及毛泽东根据会议讨论的结果所写的《关于目前党的政策中的几个重要问题》的决定，成为党在新的革命形势下领导人民夺取全国革命胜利的行动纲领。 1月2日参加西北局在绥德召开的陕甘宁边区党政军机关和土改工作团党员干部会议，学习中央“十二月会议”文件，部署土改和生产救灾工作。 1月8日在西北局讨论黄龙工作时说，我们的工作应该放在自己力量的基础上，不管主力部队出击与否，黄龙都应准备创造和建立自己的根据地。 1月9日毛泽东致电贺龙、习仲勋及西北局诸同志，同意习仲勋1月4日关于老区土改工作的意见。即“苏维埃时期的老区可不采取平分土地的原则，而以抽补办法解决无地和少地农民的土地”。望照这些意见指导各地土改工作，务使边区土改循正规进行，少犯错误。 1月11日贺龙、林伯渠、习仲勋、马明方联署指示各地委书记、专员，要求认真做好救灾运粮工作，战胜灾荒。 1月15日参加西北局会议，讨论和具体部署土改工作。会议确定以“抽补调剂”为陕北老区土改指导方针。 1月16日在学习讨论中央“十二月会议”文件时说，毛主席《目前形势和我们的任务》的报告，给我们指明了工作方向，过去农村土改中一些不明确的问题现在都明确了，对指导今后工作有重大意义。 1月中旬在米脂杨家沟参加中共西北野战军第一次前委扩大会议。毛泽东、周恩来、任弼时到会讲话。彭德怀作《关于陕北九个月作战的基本总结》报告。会议明确规定了西北人民解放军主力转入外线作战的基本任务。 1月下旬遵照毛泽东指示，到延属地区检查和纠正土改中发生的一些“左”的偏差。 1月28日在讨论黄龙工作时说，黄龙和各地区都应建立一支基干游击队，使之成为地方部队，以保卫和巩固自己的根据地。 1月29日习仲勋、马明方致电延属地委，要求认真检查土改工作，坚决纠正“左”的偏向。 2月初在延属分区干部会议上讲话说，游击队同人民群众紧密联系就能生根、发展、壮大，脱离群众就要失败。 2月6日同陕甘宁晋绥边区党政军领导同志一起，致信慰问人民解放军伤病员同志。 2月14日林伯渠、刘景范、习仲勋、马明方联署发布关于开展春耕生产的指示。 2月25日在绥德参加李鼎铭先生追悼会，并致挽词表示哀悼。 3月13日致电贺龙、习仲勋、林伯渠，征求对工商业征税的意见。 3月14日同延川县城市区六乡党支部书记刘治生座谈农业生产时指出，要把上级的指示和乡村实际结合起来，根据具体情况，实行具体领导，解决实际问题。要纠正不踏实的作风。 3月25日习仲勋、马明方致电赵伯平、杨伯伦，指出要教育干部懂得党的政策是党的生命，坚决反对和纠正那种不执行党的政策和决议的坏作风。 同日习仲勋、马明方致电三边地委：在边区新政权建立后，凡自己勤劳致富，只有雇工而无（或很少）封建剥削，并连续三年以上者，均应订为新富农。 3月26日习仲勋、马明方复信张邦英并高峰，要求在佳县土改纠偏中，对把中农错订为富农的必须彻底纠正。 4月3日西北局确定林伯渠、习仲勋、马明方、赵寿山、李敷仁等为追悼杜斌丞筹备委员会委员。 4月4日习仲勋、马明方致信张邦英、白治民，指出米脂县土改中错斗了不少中农，这是一件大事。纠“左”应采取坚决的态度和切合实际的步骤，先从突出的区乡开始，对被错斗的人改订成分，退还土地和财物。对斗的不错但斗得过火的亦须纠正。 4月5日在西北局召开的文艺座谈会上讲话说，深入实际。深入生活，是文艺创作的源泉。 4月9日在纪念“四八”烈士（王若飞、秦邦宪、叶挺、邓发等）殉难两周年大会上讲话，号召全边区干部和党员认真学习“四八”烈士为中国人民解放事业忠贞不渝的彻底革命精神。4月17日在西北局讨论青年工作时说，青年工作干部要养成踏实负责、艰苦朴素的作风，反对享乐腐化和轻浮作风。 同日林伯渠、习仲勋、马明方批转新区工作团《关于当前工作中值得注意的几个问题》，要求各地认真研究，切实改进。 4月21日在西北局讨论保安处工作时说，不否定错误的东西，我们就不能更好地前进；否定了过去的错误，就会对今后工作产生积极的促进作用。 5月4日在庆祝延安光复大会上讲话说，延安已永远成为人民的延安，全边区人民要加倍努力，尽快把生产建设恢复到战前水平。 5月8日习仲勋、马明方等写信感谢晋绥工业部门暨所属工厂节衣缩食，捐募钱物，救济陕甘宁边区灾民。 5月23日在延属分区县委书记联席会议上讲话说，延属各县已全部收复，要全力领导群众发展生产，战胜灾荒。如果生产搞不好，其他一切工作都无从谈起。 6月13日习仲勋、马明方复信黄龙地委，指出新区工作如不采取严肃认真的态度，是不会正确贯彻执行党的政策的。 6月19日在西北局城工委讨论伊盟工作时说，伊盟地区有36万人口，我们解放了的地区只占其总人口的1／4，因此还要大力做好争取团结工作。并注意在发展畜牧业的同时，不要忽视农业生产。 6月23日习仲勋、马明方致信李合邦、孙作宾，要求提出全面开展陇东工作的意见。 6月28日贺龙、林伯渠、习仲勋、马明方致信各地委书记、专员，商讨在延安设立财经学校，培养财经干部问题。 7月1日在西北局召开的纪念中国共产党成立27周年大会上讲话，强调要认真学习毛泽东思想，克服不良思想和作风。 7月3日致诔词悼念吴旗县参议长蔡丰先生。 7月8日西北局常委会决定，由