Chapter 15 Chapter 1 1905-1935

Born on December 14 (November 18, Yisi Year of the Lunar Calendar) in a poor peasant family in Yejiacha, Mizhi County, Shaanxi Province.His father, Ma Jucai, has a rough knowledge of writing and makes a living as a solitary farmer.His mother, Luo Shi, is hardworking and honest, virtuous and good-natured, well-known in the village.Ming Fang was the eldest son. His baby name was Luo Zeng, his scientific name was Ruzhou, and his name was Jimin.After participating in the revolution, it was renamed Mingfang, and sometimes it was also written as Mingfang.He used to be named Ma Youde and Li Mingfang.The alias of Maluofu in the Xinjiang prison, also known as Mafu.

Qiu sister Nian Fangsheng.She did not go to school because her family was poor, but she lived on farming after marriage. She is a hardworking and frugal housewife. I went to Wangjiawan private school two miles away from my home to study for five years. I was taught by my first teacher Wang Jiaren, studied hard, laid a good foundation in Chinese, and could write well with brushes. Mingfang has been very sensible since he was a child.Once, he saw his mother rubbing the hemp rope on her legs with her trousers on her legs, feeling bitter and tired.He asked his mother, "Does it hurt?" His mother said, "It hurts." He immediately took off his pants and lay beside his mother, saying, "Mom, rub my ass!" His mother smiled pitifully and said: "Silly boy, Mom doesn't hurt, you can't rub your buttocks, go play."

He was admitted to Shenjiaping Primary School, which is more than ten miles away from his home.Due to the poverty of his family, not only did he study hard in school, and his academic performance was often among the best; he also often participated in productive labor at home. Qiu graduated from Shenjiaping Primary School with honors.After that, he dropped out of school and stayed at home to review his homework.Although his family was poor, he still aspired to study further. On March 4th, on the twenty-ninth day of the first month of the Jiazi Year in the lunar calendar, my younger brother Zhengfang was born.After Zhengfang participated in the revolution, he was studious and diligent, and made rapid progress. He once served as the Deputy Minister of the Rural Work Department of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Ministry of Economic Affairs, a member of the Shaanxi Provincial Disciplinary Inspection Committee of the Communist Party of China, a representative of the Provincial Party Congress, and the fifth and sixth CPPCC Shaanxi Provincial Committee committee members etc.Although Ming Fang and his younger brother work in the two places for a long time and rarely live together, they share a strong bond and a deep brotherhood.Before he died, he said to his daughter Ma Rui: "Your second grader is my only beloved younger brother. I miss him very much." Apply for middle school.

Chun was admitted to the Shaanxi Provincial Fourth Normal School (hereinafter referred to as Suide) in Suide County.This is a "red school" hosted and taught by Communists.Under the education of the principal Li Zizhou and the Communist Party member Wang Maoting and others, "Don't forget the revolution when you study, and don't forget to study after the revolution", read progressive books and accept the enlightenment education of Marxism-Leninism, and your thinking progressed rapidly. In March, I participated in the memorial meeting for Mr. Sun Yat-sen in Suishi, and met Mr. Sun Yat-sen. I admire the revolutionary spirit of "taking Russia as a teacher".

After the "May 30th" tragedy in Shanghai in June, he actively participated in the demonstrations held in Suishi against imperialism such as Japan, Britain, and the United States, and went to the countryside to carry out revolutionary propaganda activities, mobilizing farmers to donate money and materials to support the revolutionary struggle of Shanghai workers. On June 24th, he participated in the Suishi "Expelling Wu Movement" meeting, denouncing the Zhili warlord and Shaanxi governor Wu Xintian for inciting the brutal crime of injuring the students of the Provincial No. 1 Middle School, and supporting the just actions of the students in the whole province in their struggle to expel Wu.

Qiu was introduced by Ma Ruisheng and joined the Communist Party of China. On December 26, he participated in a demonstration held in Suishi, denouncing the crime of cultural aggression by imperialism using Christianity. Chun served as the group leader and branch secretary in the Suishi Communist Party organization. On March 20, he participated in the Suishi Memorial Conference to commemorate the "March 18" tragedy in Beijing, and angrily denounced Duan Qirui's traitorous crime of shooting and killing anti-imperialist demonstrators under the instigation of imperialism.In the summer vacation, I participated in the propaganda team organized by Sui Shi to go to the countryside, and went to the countryside to mobilize farmers to fight against grain, rent, donation and tax.

In October, appointed by the party organization, he went to the Shi Kexuan Department of the National Army to do political work for soldiers. In November, he served as the political instructor of the Second Battalion of the Shi Kexuan Department of the National Army and the Secretary of the Party Branch of the Communist Party of China. After the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup in the early summer, he actively participated in Shaanxi party organizations and garrison rallies, exposing Chiang Kai-shek's counter-revolutionary crimes. In September, Feng Yuxiang and Chiang Kai-shek implemented the "Ning-Han Cooperation" after the "Xuzhou Conference" and jointly opposed the Communist Party, thus "cleaning up the party" in the former national army coalition forces. The situation in Xi'an was reversed. North work.Together with Gao Gang, Cao Yahua and others, Qiu held peasant movement seminars in the old city of Hengshan County and Xiangshuibao to train peasant movement cadres.

In October, the Suide County Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Ma Mingfang to Hengshan County to convey the spirit of the "August 7th" meeting of the Communist Party of China and the "September 26th" meeting of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee.Ma Mingfang established the Hengshan District Committee of the Communist Party of China in Xiangshuibao and served as the secretary. He used primary school teachers as a cover to carry out revolutionary activities. It was my younger brother Gao Fangsheng. He died of illness at the age of 12. Chunfeng was transferred back to Yangjiagou, Mizhi County, under the cover of a primary school teacher, to do the work of developing the party organization.

In April, he served as Secretary of the Hengshan District Committee of the Communist Party of China, and was under the leadership of the Yulin County Committee of the Communist Party of China. In the second half of the year, he served as an inspector of the Suide County Committee of the Communist Party of China, and went to various districts to inspect and help. In August, when I visited Suide South District, I held a meeting of the Southern District Committee on the bank of the Wuding River in Tieqiping to deploy and develop the party organization and carry out mass movement work. Dong successively went to Yihe, Majiachuan, Leijiagou, Yishangping and other areas with a good party organization foundation in Suide County for inspection and investigation.

In January, he served as the secretary of the Suide North District Committee of the Communist Party of China, and used teachers as a cover to carry out party work in Sishipu Primary School. In February, together with Cui Tianfu, Huo Weide, Cui Tianmin, etc., he participated in the Suide County Congress of the Communist Party of China, and decided to establish the Southern District Committee of the Communist Party of China to lead the masses to carry out the struggle for grain storage. In spring, he served as secretary of the Zhenchuan District Committee of the Communist Party of China. In June, together with Ma Wenrui, Cui Tianfu, etc., taking advantage of the gathering in Suide County, they organized thousands of farmers to rush into the county, destroy the egg factory, and force the Kuomintang garrison and gentlemen to open their warehouses and distribute silver to the victims.

In the second half of the year, he successively organized and led farmers in Hengshan, Mizhi, Jiaxian, Yanchuan and other places to fight against grain and rent. On the evening of February 13, the 15th day of the first lunar month in the Jimao year of the lunar calendar, Zheng Fang, a six-year-old brother, went out to watch Yangko and hadn’t returned for a long time.The mother asked Mingfang to look for it, but she was very angry because she couldn't find it.Mingfang immediately knelt down to his mother to admit his mistake.Neighbors praised him as a filial son of the revolution. On March 23rd, on February 24th of the Jimao Year in the lunar calendar, my daughter Ma Ruisheng was born.She lived with her grandmother in the countryside since she was a child. She is hardworking and frugal, and she has learned through hardships.After graduating from university, he has been quietly contributing to the grassroots units of the Beijing public security system for a long time. In spring, he served as secretary of the Zhenchuan District Committee of the Communist Party of China.Under the cover of elementary school teachers, the peasant movement work was carried out in Xiayan Bay, Shangyan Bay and both sides of the Wuding River.Xia was doing secret party work in the Suimi area.Due to time constraints and urgent tasks, he passed by the house several times but did not enter, so he recited poems to express his ambition. "It's not that a fool is not filial to his mother. It's unusual to have a heavy responsibility on his shoulders. It's a small matter when he doesn't return home. He will sacrifice his life to help the party." Filial piety and loyalty.Jump off the paper. One night in autumn, Ma Mingfang was having a meeting at the home of a Party member in Zhenchuanbao. Suddenly news came that the enemy plainclothes team had entered the town to search and the situation was urgent. He immediately smashed the glass windows and organized his comrades to evacuate. In January, he served as a member of the Special Committee of the Northern Shaanxi Committee of the Communist Party of China, secretary of the Central County Party Committee of Mi (Zhi), Jia (county), and Zhen (Chuan) of the Communist Party of China, and secretary of the Mizhi District Committee of the Communist Party of China. In February, together with Yang Pu, a representative of the Hebei Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, and Bai Mingshan, a representative of the Emergency Meeting Preparatory Office of the Hebei Provincial Party Committee, went to the Suide County Party Committee to convey the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.After discussion at the meeting, everyone unanimously opposed the separatist activities of the Emergency Meeting Preparatory Office of the Hebei Provincial Party Committee supporting Luo Zhanglong's unauthorized establishment of the "Central Extraordinary Committee". In March, because the enemy wanted him, he went home to hide.One day at noon, my mother was on guard at the bank of Yan, and found several enemy agents approaching.When Ming Fang was told to transfer, he encountered enemy agents.After being rescued by the masses, he was transferred to Taiyuan, Shanxi. After Ma Mingfang escaped in the same month, the Mizhi County government sent military police to take away Mingfang’s father and several fellow villagers Wuhuada, and threatened Mingfang’s mother, saying: “If you want your people to come back, you can exchange them with Ma Mingfang, otherwise Shoot them all!" After being rescued by Mr. Li Dingming, his father and fellow villagers were released. After getting in touch with Liu Tianzhang, member of the Standing Committee of the Shanxi Special Committee and Minister of Organization, Xia served as an inspector of the Shanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China, and carried out revolutionary activities among coal mine workers in Nao County and Datong. In autumn, after the Shanxi special committee of the Communist Party of China was destroyed by the enemy, it returned to northern Shaanxi. In Xiayanwan, it got in touch with Zhao Boping, secretary of the northern Shaanxi special committee, and carried out the party's secret work on the spot. Xia Qiu went to Shenmu and Fugu to inspect and inspect the work, and studied with the Shenmu Nanxiang District Committee, and selected a group of comrades to learn military knowledge and experience in armed struggle in the Shaanxi-Gansu border guerrillas. On September 25th, Zhao Boping, Ma Mingfang, Cui Fengyun and other special committee members held a meeting at Yejiacha Ma Mingfang's house, and listened to Gao Langting's report on the work of the Yanchuan guerrillas - the Northwest Vanguard since its establishment.And Ma Mingfang taught Gao Langting and other guerrilla leaders to study Mao Zedong's "Why Can China's Red Regime Exist?" ", "The Struggle in Jinggangshan", "A single spark can start a prairie fire" and other works require them to arm the guerrillas with the guerrilla tactics of the Central Red Army. On October 1, Ma Mingfang, Zhao Boping, Gao Langting and others jointly studied, and in the name of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Northwest Vanguard of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army was changed to the Ninth Detachment of the Shaanxi-Gansu Guerrilla Team of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (referred to as the Red Ninth Detachment). It was officially announced on the 20th, with Gao Langting as the captain and Ai Longfei as the political commissar. In winter, Zhao Boping led a delegation of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee back to Xi'an to report to the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. Ma Mingfang acted as the secretary of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China and went to Nangu Village, Dian Town, Jiaxian County to inspect and inspect the work.Because the mass work foundation here is good and the party organization is relatively sound, the special committee office was moved to Nanlong Village. On December 13, the delegation of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee issued the second report to the CPC Shaanxi Provincial Committee, stating that Ma Mingfang, acting secretary and propaganda member of the temporary Northern Shaanxi Special Committee, was responsible for leading the overall work of the special committee. At the beginning of the year, he presided over the meeting of the Special Committee of the Northern Shaanxi Committee of the Communist Party of China, and decided to establish the Suiqing Central District Committee of the Communist Party of China, with Cui Tianmin and Cui Zhengran in charge.After the meeting, together with Huo Weide and others, they went to Suide County to inspect and inspect the work. In the spring, the special committee of the Communist Party of China in northern Shaanxi moved from Nanzhuo Village, Jia County, to Wuzhen. Ma Mingfang led the overall work, and other comrades went to various counties for investigation and research, making preparations for the fourth enlarged meeting of the special committee. In late April, he presided over the meeting of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China and decided to change the Ninth Detachment of the Shaanxi-Gansu Guerrilla Detachment of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army into the First Detachment of the Northern Shaanxi Guerrilla Team of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, with Qiang Shiqing as the team leader and Li Chengrong as the political commissar. From July 23rd to 25th, he hosted the fourth enlarged meeting of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China in Gaoqijiahu, Jiaxian County, and made a political report on behalf of the special committee at the meeting.It is clearly proposed to vigorously develop guerrilla warfare, step up the opening of the three guerrilla areas of Anding, Suiqing, and Shenfu, expand and establish the first, second, and third guerrilla detachments, establish revolutionary base areas, and establish a worker-peasant regime when conditions are ripe.At the meeting, Cui Tianfu was elected as the secretary of the special committee, and Ma Mingfang was the member of the organization to assist Cui Tianfu in presiding over the work of the special committee. On July 31, together with Ma Wenrui, he drafted the resolution of the Fourth Enlarged Meeting of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee at Jiang Haoxing’s home in Jiangxing Village, Mizhi County.Later, because the enemy agents entered the village to arrest them, they escaped and moved under the cover of the masses. On August 11, in Zhaizegou, Jia County, participated in an emergency meeting held by the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee to discuss the situation of the struggle against the enemy after the death of the six martyrs Bi Weizhou, Wang Zhaoqing, Cui Mingdao, Gao Qingen, Wang Shouyi, and Gao Luxiao, and to take contingency measures and continue to adhere to the same The enemy fights. In mid-August, after the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee moved from Wuzhen, Jia County to Nangu Village, Ma Mingfang went to Anding and other counties to inspect work and carry out guerrilla warfare. On October 20, the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China stated in the "Report to the Northern Representatives of the Communist Party of China": "The new special committee is responsible for the Standing Committee members Ma Zhen (knowledge), Cui (farmers), and Zhang (knowledge), and the executive committee members Gao, Wang, Cui, alternate Zhao and He." Ma Zhen in the report is Ma Mingfang, Cui is Cui Tianfu, Zhang is Zhang Dazhi, Gao is Gao Jiujiu, Wang is Wang Zhaoqing, Cui is Cui Fengyun, Zhao is Zhao Fuxiang, and He is Tang Hongcheng. When Dong inspected the work in Mizhitao Town, he made a situation report to the party members, which greatly promoted the local work. In early January, together with Guo Hongtao, he restored and developed the party organization in Mizhi East District, led the masses in the struggle to create the Soviet District, and connected Jicha, Taozhen, Yindou, Yangjiagou and other places with Wubao and Jia counties. A solid base in the Soviet area was established. In January, he participated in the joint meeting of the Party and Youth League held by the Special Committee of Northern Shaanxi in Nanjue Village, Jia County. Guo Hongtao conveyed the instructions of the northern representatives.Ma Mingfang and other comrades attending the meeting resisted the northern representative's accusation that the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee had committed the so-called "Rightist error of the rich peasant line", and continued to follow the spirit of the expanded meeting of Gao Qijiahu, persist in developing guerrilla troops, and open up and establish new base areas. In February, a meeting was held in Caojiajue Village, Jiaxian County. According to the instructions of the special committee, the Jiaxian Special Zone District Committee was changed to the Jiaxian County Committee of the Communist Party of China, and the Mizhi East District Party Organization was placed under the leadership of the Jiaxian County Committee. In April, a group of military police from the 256th Brigade of the 86th Division of the Kuomintang confiscated Ma Mingfang's hometown in Mizhi, and announced the so-called "crime" and ordered "If Ma Mingfang is not handed over, there will be no good end!" On April 5, he participated in the meeting of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee held in Shentanggou, Jia County.At the meeting, members of the Special Committee reported on the work carried out in various places, and once again resisted the accusation that "the party in northern Shaanxi made a mistake in the rich peasant line", and proposed to continue to carry out guerrilla warfare, open up villages with armed forces, mobilize the masses to distribute land, and establish villages. Township Soviet regime. At the beginning of May, I participated in the joint meeting of representatives of guerrilla areas and guerrilla forces in northern Shaanxi in Wangjiapan, Jia County, mainly to check the implementation of the Shentanggou resolution and exchange experience in guerrilla warfare.The meeting passed the "Resolution on Developing a Guerrilla Movement to Create a New Red Army and the Soviet Area in Northern Shaanxi", which specifically deployed work such as carrying out armed struggle and allocating land. In June, Ma Mingfang and Cui Tianmin presided over the meeting of the Qingjian County Red Guards and Erzhang regiments in Liangjiaqu, Qingjian, established the Qingjian County Red Guards General Headquarters and the Children's Corps Headquarters, and elected Su Baoyuan as the Red Guards General Commander , the self-government was the commander-in-chief of the Children's Corps and played an active role in the struggle to defend the Soviet area. In the same month, when inspecting work in Qingjian, he criticized and corrected the leadership methods of a few people taking over and forcing orders in the work of developing guerrillas and poor peasant associations. Together with Guo Hongtao, Xia restored and developed the party organization in Midong, and established the Midong District Committee of the Communist Party of China. At the same time, he put forward a proposal to unify northern Shaanxi and the Shaanxi-Gansu border to the representatives of the Central Committee in the north, which was supported by the representatives in the north. On July 10, at Huaya Temple in Qingjian, Ma Mingfang presided over the formation of the special task force of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China. Gao Langting, the captain, and Ma Peixun, the political commissar, were responsible for the security of the special committee and raising funds. On August 28, he participated in the meeting of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee held in Yanli, Qingjian Temple, and made a report on the experience and lessons of the first anti-"encirclement and suppression" struggle at the meeting.The meeting passed the resolution drafted by Ma Mingfang on smashing the second "encirclement and suppression" of the Kuomintang, and decided to expand the first, second, and third detachments of the Northern Shaanxi Red Army into the first, second, and third regiments of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in Northern Shaanxi, establish workers' and peasants' regimes at all levels, and carry out land revolution. In September, together with Zhang Dazhi, he presided over the inaugural meeting of the Jia County Provisional Revolutionary Committee in Malanta Village, and elected the chairman and vice chairman of the revolutionary committee.In his speech at the meeting, Ma Mingfang called for further work, the establishment of a county Soviet government, the distribution of land, and the realization of "land to the tiller". On September 5, in Huchangping Village, Qingjian County, he participated in the "September 18th" commemoration meeting held by the Special Committee of the Northern Shaanxi Committee of the Communist Party of China, calling on the masses to take active actions to support the anti-Japanese and national salvation work.After the meeting, I talked with Bai Fei'e, the daughter of the martyr Bai Mingshan, and taught her to be like her father, to persist in the revolution and be unwavering. On September 7th, the "Nine Female Cadres Training Class in Gaojie Village" was held in Zaopingta Village, Qingjian County, and lectured in person.He called them "the first group of female worker and peasant cadres who participated in the Agrarian Revolution in the Northern Shaanxi Soviet Area". Together with Guo Hongtao and Zhang Dazhi, Qiu, through the Suide North District Party Organization, carried out armed struggle with Wu Jiapan as the center, and established the 14th Detachment of the Northern Shaanxi Guerrilla Team of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army, with Wu Chuangye as the team leader and Liu Jiugong as the political commissar , Carrying out guerrilla warfare in the border area of ​​Suide and Wubao. In October, according to the instructions of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Midong County Party Committee was established in Hegeta Village, Jijiacha Township, with Guo Wenhua and Zhang Hanwu as secretaries. Dong and Guo Hongtao went to Suide and Qingjian to inspect the land distribution work.Criticized and corrected some places for confiscating the land of the landlords and not distributing them to the peasants, but adopting the practice of "collective farming and collective eating". On January 25, he participated in the first Congress of Workers, Peasants and Soldiers in Northern Shaanxi in Baimiaocha, Chiyuan County (now part of Ansai County), and elected the Soviet government of Northern Shaanxi Province.Chairman Ma Mingfang, Vice Chairman Cui Tianmin and Howard.Secretary-General and Minister of National Economy Hui Ziming, Minister of Land Xin Lanting, Minister of Food Gao Xuguang, Minister of Labor Qi Mingzhen, Minister of Judgment Xue Lanbin, Minister of Finance Ai Chunan, Minister of Education Chen Pengfei, Director of the Security Bureau Liu Ziyi, Director of the Trade Bureau Bai Shubiao, Secretary Zhang Yichen , Wu Judi, inspector Qiang Xiaochu, and Bai Dongcai.The meeting also passed the "Land Law", "Labor Law", "Marriage Law" and "Northern Shaanxi Provincial Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Congress Election Law" and other laws and regulations. On January 31, he attended the celebration of the founding of the Soviet Government in Northern Shaanxi Province.It is pointed out that the establishment of the Soviet government in northern Shaanxi marks the basic consolidation of the revolutionary base areas in northern Shaanxi, which will effectively promote the establishment of Soviet governments in various counties, and promote the continuous consolidation and development of the revolutionary base areas in northern Shaanxi. On February 5, he participated in the joint meeting of the CPC Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region Special Committee and the CPC Northern Shaanxi Special Committee in Zhoujiashanqian, Chiyuan County (now Zichang County), established the CPC Northwest Working Committee and Northwest Military Commission, and unified leadership of Shaanxi-Gansu Frontier and Northern Shaanxi two revolutionary base areas and the 26th and 27th Red Army.Liu Zhidan, Xi Zhongxun, Ma Mingfang and others were elected as core members of the Party's Northwest Working Committee.During this period, since the Northwest Soviet Area did not establish a unified political organization, the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Soviet Government and the Northern Shaanxi Provincial Soviet Government continued to lead the administrative work of these two bases. In March, Zhang Derong, Director of Political Training of the 84th Division of the Kuomintang Army, reported to Shao Lizi, Chairman of the Shaanxi Provincial Government: "When our division mobilized in Luoyang, we only heard that northern Shaanxi was being harassed by unorganized bandits. Now after two months of observation, we know that The situation is extremely tense. The so-called gangsters have been led by the Communist Party and have formed powerful organizational elements. They are active everywhere and cause terrorist phenomena. Their arrogance is rampant and their momentum is huge. They have spread to every village in northern Shaanxi. The terrain in the north is dangerous, and its seriousness is no less than that of Jiangxi, where the Red Bandits took hold in the past." At a meeting held in Xiasiwan, Ganquan in July, Ma Mingfang said that the Central Red Army has moved northwestward and is likely to come to us. We must make preparations for the arrival of the Party Central Committee and the Central Red Army. On July 3, it moved to Yongping Town with the Soviet government of Northern Shaanxi Province and the Northwest Working Committee of the Communist Party of China. From July 27th to 29th, he participated in the enlarged meeting of the Northwest Working Committee of the Communist Party of China in Wen'an Station, Yanchuan County.The main content of the meeting was to further convey and implement the spirit of the third "Left" leaning line of the Central Committee.After the meeting, Ma Mingfang was sent to the Special Committee of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region of the Communist Party of China to convey the spirit of the enlarged meeting.According to what Comrade Xi Zhongxun said at the Symposium on Northwest History in April 1955, when Comrade Ma Mingfang conveyed the spirit of this meeting, "Although we did not talk much about the issue of eliminating counter-revolutionaries, I know that he is not satisfied with the elimination of counter-revolutionaries. " In order to arrest Ma Mingfang, the Kuomintang reactionaries ransacked his hometown many times and closed the door in early autumn.His parents and family members are hiding in Tibet, unable to live in peace.For this reason, Ming Fang sent a letter to his family saying that the enemy's "encirclement and suppression" of the Soviet area is now becoming more and more brutal, and this situation is unlikely to change in a short period of time. You live in Jiang's area, and accidents may happen at any time.For the sake of safety, you can come to the Soviet area to live for a while, and go back after the liberation of your hometown. In September, he inspected and inspected the progress of land distribution in various counties in northern Shaanxi Province, and corrected some "leftist" practices. On September 17, in Yongping Town, Yanchuan County, more than 30 people, including Hui Zijun, Liu Zhidan, Gao Gang, Guo Hongtao, Cui Tianfu, Zhang Xiushan, Cheng Zihua, Xu Haidong, Dai Jiying, participated in the presided over by the Northwest Delegation of the Central Northern Bureau The Northwest Working Committee, Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi Provincial Committees and the main leading cadres meeting of the army were held.Research and discuss the unified leadership of the party and the army and the third counter-campaign.The meeting decided to abolish the Northwest Working Committee and the Hubei-Henan-Shaanxi Provincial Committee and establish the Shaanxi-Gansu-Shanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, with Zhu Lizhi concurrently serving as secretary, Guo Hongtao as deputy secretary, and 13 members including Liu Zhidan and Ma Mingfang as members of the provincial party committee. On September 18, in Yongping Town, we participated in the commemoration of the fourth anniversary of the "September 18th" and the celebration of the founding of the 15th Red Army. On September 23rd and August 26th in the Yihai Year of the lunar calendar, Ma Mingfang sent people to take his parents and their family members from their hometown in Mizhi to Zaoshuwa, Yongping Town, Yanchuan County, Soviet District, for a temporary stay.His father asked Mingfang: "Is this going to make a fuss? Now that we don't even have a home, can we go back?" Mingfang replied affirmatively, "Don't worry. At that time, we will not only make ourselves A home, and let all the poor have a happy and happy home.” When Qiang Xiaochu was transferred to be the chairman of the Chiyuan County Soviet Government at the end of autumn, he was worried that he would not be able to complete the important tasks entrusted by the party.Ma Mingfang encouraged you to say that you have worked as the vice-chairman of the Xiuyan County Soviet for one year, and you will definitely be able to shoulder the burden of the chairmanship, and you will do better. On October 5, it moved from Yongping Town to Wayaobao along with the Soviet government of Northern Shaanxi Province. In October, Ma Mingfang, Chairman of the Soviet Government of Northern Shaanxi Province, and Vice Chairman Cui Tianmin and Howard issued the "Emergency Mobilization Order to Smash the Third Encirclement and Suppression of the Imperialist Kuomintang Warlords", pointing out: Rely on the strength of millions of workers, peasants and hardworking people to smash the enemy's third encirclement and suppression The revolutionary war is a combat task that the Soviet governments at all levels and every revolutionary comrade cannot relax for a moment. We must dare to fight and win victory. On November 5, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to abolish the Shaanxi-Gansu-Shanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and establish the Shaanxi-Gansu and Northern Shaanxi Provincial Committees and the Guanzhong, Shenfu, and Trilateral Special Committees.Zhu Lizhi served as secretary of the Shaanxi-Gansu Provincial Party Committee, Li Fuchun served as deputy secretary, and Wang Shengyu served as chairman of the provincial Soviet government.The agency is stationed in Xiasiwan.Guo Hongtao served as Secretary of the Northern Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee, Ma Mingfang served as Chairman of the Provincial Soviet Government, and the agency was stationed in Wayaobao.The two provinces of Shaanxi-Gansu and Northern Shaanxi and the three special zones are under the leadership of the Northwest Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China and the Northwest Office of the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic. On November 10, the party and government leading organs of northern Shaanxi warmly welcomed the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to enter Wayaobao.On the same day, the central government announced the establishment of a five-member group composed of Wang Shoudao, Dong Biwu, Zhang Yunyi, Li Weihan, and Guo Hongtao, to be responsible for hearing the issue of wrongful elimination of counter-revolutionaries in northern Shaanxi.The Northwest Office of the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic was also announced at the same time. On November 13, he participated in the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss the work in the northern Shaanxi base area.Zhang Wentian emphasized in his summary that northern Shaanxi should be built into a base for leading the resistance against Japan and Chiang Kai-shek. On November 15th, he participated in the joint meeting of the county party committee secretaries held by the Northern Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China.Mainly mobilize to carry out the "expanding red" campaign. On November 20, he participated in the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss the land issue in northern Shaanxi, and Wang Guanlan made a report.The meeting debated how to deal with the rich peasants and expressed their opinions. In late November, together with Lin Boqu and Mao Zemin, he presided over the joint financial work meeting of counties and districts in northern Shaanxi Province to discuss issues such as establishing and improving financial work institutions and various financial work systems. On November 29, he participated in the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss the issue of expanding the national united front.Zhang Wentian emphasized the need to turn the united front into practical actions, resolutely fight against closed-doorism, and oppose the main enemy-Japanese imperialism. In winter, he participated in the joint meeting of land ministers of various counties held by the Soviet government in northern Shaanxi Province, mainly discussing and studying the issue of rural land distribution.Mao Zedong spoke at the meeting. On December 6, he participated in the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss changes in the strategy of dealing with rich peasants.In his conclusion, Zhang Wentian emphasized that "at the current stage of the revolution, the development of capitalism is not terrible for us, but beneficial. It can greatly develop production and improve the lives of the masses." According to the discussions at this meeting, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a On December 15, Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Chinese Soviet Republic issued the "Decision on Changing the Policy on the Rich Peasants" in order to expand the national revolutionary front against Japan and Chiang Kai-shek. On December 30, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai called Peng Dehuai and others and copied the Northern Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and Xiao Jinguang: The 28th Red Army has been formed in northern Shaanxi, Liu Zhidan is the commander of the army, and Song Renqiong is the political commissar. It is expected to expand to 1,500 in January.The Shaanxi-Gansu 29th Army should also start organizing, with Xiao Jinguang in charge. That year, Ma Mingfang, chairman of the Soviet government in northern Shaanxi Province, and vice-chairmen Cui Tianmin and Howard issued a circular "On the Work of the Poor Peasant League", pointing out that the poor peasant league must unite the middle peasants around itself.Only by recruiting the middle peasants to participate in all work can the Soviets and the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army be consolidated and the complete victory of the revolutionary war guaranteed.