Chapter 14 Chapter Five: Ma Mingfang at the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

Ma Mingfang was appointed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in April 1954. However, because he was still in the leadership of the party, government and army in the Northwest Region at that time, he did not take up a new post in Beijing until August of that year.He first served as Deputy Secretary-General of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Deputy Minister of the Organization Department of the Central Committee, and then Minister of Finance and Trade of the Central Committee. He worked in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for more than six years.

On April 27, 1954, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to appoint Deng Xiaoping as the secretary-general of the Central Committee and head of the Organization Department of the Central Committee; Song Renqiong is the deputy director of the Organization Department of the Central Committee.At the beginning of the abolition of the six major administrative regions in the country, in order to strengthen the connection between the upper and lower levels, the central government also established six regional work departments to contact the provinces and cities in North China, Northeast China, East China, Central South China, Northwest China, and Southwest China. Liu Lantao, Lin Feng, Tan Zhenlin, Li Xuefeng, Ma Mingfang, and Deputy Secretary-General Song Renqiong are concurrently the heads of the six central regional work departments.The central government has established a working conference system for the central secretary-general. The meetings are presided over by Deng Xiaoping. The deputy secretaries-general are regular members of the meeting, and the main leaders of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and state agencies and ministries are invited to participate in each meeting according to the needs of each meeting. The main discussion is the allocation of cadres and other important matters assigned by the central government.Chairman Mao Zedong personally convened a working meeting of the Secretary-General of the Central Committee. He said: You are responsible for the affairs of the Central Committee, and you will use the name of the Central Committee for external affairs, not the name of the Secretary-General or Deputy Secretary-General.The Malaysian side is a regular non-voting member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and participates in meetings of the Political Bureau and some meetings of the Central Secretariat.In addition to being the deputy secretary-general of the Central Committee and the director of the Northwest Regional Work Department of the Central Committee, he also assisted Deng Xiaoping in presiding over the overall work of the Organization Department of the Central Committee.Later, he was the main leading member of the preparatory work team for the National Congress of the Party presided over by Deng Xiaoping, the Fifth Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee, and the Eighth National Congress. Member of the "Committee" on the report on the revision of the party constitution.He did a lot of important work under the direct leadership of Deng Xiaoping and was an important assistant to Deng Xiaoping.

On August 27, 1954, Liu Shaoqi, a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and secretary of the Secretariat, proposed at the Politburo meeting that Ma Mingfang, Zhang Jichun, Xiao Hua, Hu Yaobang, etc. should draft the Central Committee’s notice on certain matters that Communist Party members should pay attention to in their daily lives. Decide. On October 27, Ma Mingfang reported to Liu Shaoqi in writing: "The article "Decisions on Several Matters Should Be Noticed by Communist Party Members in Daily Life" has been written. Although we have spent a lot of effort, the writing is still not good. Now send it , please review.” In the draft of this decision, there are mainly the following contents: Communist Party members are not allowed to celebrate birthdays, are not allowed to give gifts with public property, are not allowed to name places after people unless decided by the central government, and responsible comrades of the central and local governments are not allowed to carry out work and other activities It is not allowed to organize welcome and send-offs, flags and flowers are not allowed, fruit snacks are not allowed in entertainment venues, applause is less and toasting is less; entertainment activities of Communist Party members, such as watching plays, watching movies, dancing and sports activities, must not hinder work; Communist Party members are not allowed to insult Playing with women must not violate the "Marriage Law"; Communist Party members are not allowed to drink alcohol, gamble, steal, take drugs, embezzle and extort, cheat and deceit; On October 29, Liu Shaoqi submitted the draft decision to Chairman Mao Zedong for review.These articles written nearly half a century ago are still well-educated when I read them now, and I feel that they have a great warning effect. They are still matters that Communist Party members, especially Party members and leading cadres, should pay attention to in their daily lives.

From September 15 to 28, 1954, the first session of the first National People's Congress was held in Beijing.Ma Mingfang, a deputy to the National People's Congress elected by Shaanxi Province, attended the meeting and was a member of the presidium of the congress and chairman of the Delegate Qualification Review Committee. On September 26, Ma Mingfang made a speech at the conference.He said: Northwest China, like the whole country, has made remarkable achievements in political, economic and cultural construction in the past five years, but we still have many shortcomings and mistakes in the process of victorious progress. We can do all our work more soundly and victoriously without shortcomings and mistakes.With the success and development of our various construction undertakings, loving the motherland and loving labor has gradually become a new social morality and social atmosphere of our people.However, among some of our cadres and staff, there is still a greed for personal enjoyment, an irresponsible attitude towards one's own work and career, and often results in large or small losses in the work.For these irresponsible staff, in addition to regular education, they should be given the necessary disciplinary action.This irresponsible phenomenon is left over from the old society and is a living habit and ideological form of the exploiting class formed over the years. Therefore, it takes us a lot of time and energy to fundamentally eliminate it.We are not afraid to expose all our shortcomings and mistakes, and we will certainly be more courageous in correcting and overcoming all our shortcomings and mistakes, so as to continuously lead the great cause of the people to new and greater victories. On September 27, the General Assembly held an election, and Ma Mingfang was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress.

From November 8 to December 7, 1954, with the approval of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the first national rural grassroots organization work conference was held in Beijing under the auspices of the Organization Department of the Central Committee. On November 8, Ma Mingfang delivered an opening speech. He said: The whole country has won, the five-year construction plan has begun, agricultural mutual aid and cooperation and agricultural production have undergone new developments, and the entire rural situation and rural economic situation have changed. The grassroots organizations of the party need to be improved a step further, and there must be some changes, and no changes will work. This meeting will focus on this matter. On November 22, Ma Mingfang made a report entitled "Developing and Consolidating the Party's Grassroots Organizations in the Rural Areas and Struggling to Realize the State's Socialist Transformation of Agriculture" at the meeting.The report is divided into nine parts: 1. Seriously do a good job in developing and consolidating the party's grassroots organizations in the countryside; 2. Adapt the organizational form of rural branches to the development of rural work; Criticize and improve the democratic life of branches; 4. Strengthen the educational work of rural branches; 5. Establish and strengthen political work in agricultural production cooperatives; 6. Rectify backward branches and strengthen leadership over backward branches; Give full play to the role of township people's committees and various organizations; 8. Use the method of persuasion and education to carry out work and oppose coercive orders; 9. County and district committees must strengthen their leadership over rural branches. On December 7, Ma Mingfang made a concluding speech for the meeting. He emphasized again: Criticism and self-criticism are an important symbol of democratic life within the party, but criticism and self-criticism cannot be carried out well in many branches, which makes the party The life of the party members is not normal enough, the enthusiasm of the party members cannot be brought into play, and even the phenomenon of disunity within the party has been caused. The rural branch must regularly educate the party members about criticism and self-criticism, so that the party members understand that without the supervision of the party and the masses, even Even the best party members can go bad.Unity education should be carried out within the party, and all people and things that are not conducive to unity must be strictly criticized.Personal arrangements, paternalistic leadership, party leaders not supervised by party members, and party members not allowed to inspect and criticize party work are characteristics of bourgeois political parties.The rural branch must resolutely fight against this tendency in all its life and work, implement collective leadership, establish a democratic, critical and self-critical life in the branch, strictly enforce party discipline, strengthen party unity, and thus bring the party into the rural areas. Do all the work well. On February 21, 1955, the central government approved and forwarded the report made by Ma Mingfang at this meeting.

From March 21 to 31, 1955, the National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing. The meeting passed the "Resolution on Gao Gang and Rao Shushi's Anti-Party Alliance". Ma Mingfang attended the meeting and delivered a speech.After the representative meeting, Ma Mingfang, entrusted by the Central Committee, presided over a symposium on the history of Northwest China on behalf of the Central Committee in Beijing.Beginning on April 4, a total of 8 meetings were held. More than 30 representatives from the Northwest region and relevant comrades in Beijing who attended the National Representative Conference made speeches at the meeting, focusing on exposing and criticizing Gao Gang's anti-Party crimes in the Northwest. . At the end of the symposium on April 13, Ma Mingfang made a speech. He said: In the end, I will say a few words, which are our lessons. Without the party and many loyal comrades in the party, and the masses of the people, no one, no hero, will do anything impressive in history. s failure.As long as classes exist, class struggle exists, and the old social ideology exists, various erroneous ideological tendencies within the party will always exist. As long as classes exist, class struggle will exist. The elimination of classes does not mean that the old The ideology disappears, and the old ideology often persists for a long period of time after the class struggle is eliminated. The old ideology and the revolutionary advanced ideological struggle will always be reflected in our party.Therefore, we must learn to fight against various erroneous ideological tendencies in a timely and correct manner, and criticize and overcome them in a timely and correct manner. This is an important guarantee for the victory of our party's cause, the people's cause, and the cause of Marxism-Leninism.This is a very important job, an important job that we must do well.

Ma Mingfang also attaches great importance to the handling of letters from the masses. Letters from the masses in the spring of 1955 reported that after the father of the martyr Zhang Hanmin died of illness, he could not be buried for a long time because of his poor family and no relatives to make decisions. On May 5, Ma Mingfang issued a telegram from the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee to the Shaanxi Provincial Committee and the Shanxi Provincial Committee, asking the local government to help solve this problem.The telegram said: "In the past, Zhang Hanmin, the head of Yang Hucheng's internal tour, was a member of the Communist Party and had done a lot of work for the party. He was accidentally killed by the Red Army in the Shaanxi Revolutionary War in 1935. After his death, his father and one of his young daughters Lived in Shaanxi. In 1954, his father returned to Jishan County, Shanxi, where he was originally from, and died of illness in August. Our party should take care of the family members of the Han people as revolutionary martyrs. Go home to bury her grandfather, and appoint a comrade to help with the process. I hope the Shanxi Provincial Committee will also ask Jishan County to provide necessary help in the burial issue.” After receiving the telegram, the Shaanxi Provincial Committee handed it over to the Xi’an Municipal People’s Committee to Zhang Zhang Huaiqin, the daughter of the Han people, issued the "Glorious Commemoration Certificate for the Families of the Revolutionary Sacrificial Soldiers", and the pension was reissued according to the standard of compensation for the sacrificed soldiers above the division level.After discussing with Zhang Huaiqin, Zhang Huaiqin returned to her hometown after the fall of 1999, and buried her grandfather with the help of the local government.Zhang Hanmin was born in 1903 and joined the Communist Party of China in the winter of 1925. He has been doing underground military operations in the Shaanxi Army for a long time.Therefore, the party's proper handling of Zhang Hanmin's death had a good influence on the cadres in the northwest and the local people.

On May 18, 1955, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China notified that the Central Committee decided to send Ma Mingfang to convene a meeting in Xi'an with the secretaries of the provincial party committees of the northwest provinces, the secretary of the Xi'an Municipal Party Committee, and relevant comrades to convey Chairman Mao's instructions and discuss agricultural mutual assistance and cooperation in the northwest region and the unified purchase and marketing of grain. , Suppression of counter-revolutionaries and other issues.The meeting started on May 22 and ended on May 24. The comrades attending the meeting believed that Chairman Mao's instructions were very practical and timely. On May 27, Ma Ming telegraphed the situation of the Xi'an meeting to the Central Committee and Chairman Mao Zedong.It mentions that in most areas of Shaanxi Baoji Special Area and Gansu Yinchuan Special Area, Gansu Tianshui Special Area and some areas of Shaanxi Weinan Special Area, there are more serious problems in the construction of cooperatives. The handling of problems such as farm animals and young crops is tied up with the directors of the communes and township cadres, and the county magistrates are surrounded; the phenomenon of layoffs, reduced production, and death of farm animals is also relatively common.For the cooperatives that are not well run and have many problems, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces account for about 15%, Qinghai province accounts for about 12%, and Xinjiang province accounts for about 7%.Now is the busy farming season, and last winter and this spring the co-operatives developed more vigorously. Before the autumn harvest, they generally do not seek further development in order to concentrate on improving production; On the basis of strengthening the work of the party branch, reasonably solve the problems of land and labor dividends, the ownership and wages of livestock, the problem of young crops, and the rational organization and use of labor.Then after the autumn harvest, it will be developed in batches in a planned way next spring.Regarding the issue of unified marketing of grain, Ma Mingfang said: The unified marketing indicators for several provinces in the Northwest in 1955 were relatively generous.The problem is that fraudulent claims and wasting of food in institutions, factories, and schools are common and serious, and the phenomenon of feeding livestock with discarded meals is very common.70% of the grain sold by the state is supplied to the cities. If this kind of waste in the cities is stopped, a lot of grain can be saved. The provinces in the Northwest are ready to take all feasible measures to solve this problem.The central government believed that Ma Mingfang's report was very good, and forwarded it to the Shanghai Bureau, all branch bureaus, and provincial and municipal party committees for reference on May 30.Report outstanding problems in non-productive buildings to Deng Xiaoping and Mao Zedong.

On June 22, 1955, Ma Mingfang, who was in Xi'an at the time, telegraphed Deng Xiaoping and Chairman Mao Zedong on the issue of unproductive housing construction.The telegram said: After the instructions of various ministries of the central government to change all non-productive housing buildings into bungalows, a series of problems occurred in the construction of Lanzhou and needed to be resolved urgently. (1) In the past, according to the instructions of various central departments, most of the non-productive houses were designed, prepared for materials, and allocated construction forces as two-story to three-story buildings. Now they are all converted into one-story houses, with 3.7 million cubic meters wood (among which small wood can be used to repair bungalows), 2,000 tons of steel bars, 20,000 tons of cement, 200,000 cubic meters of stones, and 100,000 cubic meters of gravel have been piled up. More than 20,000 workers and some technicians have been deployed. The design, material preparation and other work are not done well, and all work cannot be carried out. (2) The area of ​​the construction area is very narrow due to the limitation of mountains and rivers.For example, outside the east gate (i.e., Donggang), Lanzhou University, the branch of science, and the medical school are being expanded and newly built. If all bungalows are renovated, all the control areas that were originally planned to be kept will be occupied; outside the west gate (i.e., Xigu) The proposed rubber, thermal power, nitrogen fertilizer, oil refinery, tap water and other factories are expected to have more than 66,000 employees. If all of them build one-story houses, each person is calculated as 4.5 square meters, there will be no place for 6,000 people to live. Based on 6 square meters, there will be no place to build houses for 18,000 people; the planned petroleum infrastructure plant, oil refinery and chemical plant, railway station, locomotive repair factory, woolen factory, etc. in Qilihe are expected to have 137,000 employees People, if all bungalows are built, and each person counts as 4 square meters, then there will be 45,000 people's residences without addresses to build, and if each person counts as 6 square meters, then there will be 70,000 people's residences without addresses to build.In Xi'an City, there are also problems such as backlog and layoffs caused by this.According to the comrades of the Gansu Provincial Party Committee, if some three-story (Pingchuan) and two-story (mid-level) buildings are allowed to be built, the cost per square meter can be controlled within the standard of one-story houses stipulated by the central government.The above-mentioned problems are relatively complicated, and the central government should send senior officials to cooperate with relevant departments to form a working group to go to the above-mentioned construction sites, and quickly solve these problems individually according to the actual local conditions.Otherwise, the delay will cause serious waste and affect the completion of the national five-year plan.The central government attaches great importance to the situation reported by Ma Mingfang. On June 24, Ma Mingfang replied to the Gansu Provincial Party Committee, pointing out: The central government’s requirements for non-productive buildings are adapted to my country’s current economic level and people’s living standards. According to different climates, different The construction cost of cities, office buildings and colleges and universities is 45 yuan to 70 yuan per square meter, and the staff dormitory is 20 yuan to 60 yuan; according to the above cost range, combined with the specific conditions of land and materials in various places, one-story houses or two or three-story buildings can be built However, the central government has not decided that all housing construction should be changed to bungalows.In addition to asking the Gansu Provincial Party Committee to make arrangements according to the above principles, the Central Committee ordered the Party Committee of the Construction Committee to send a deputy director to lead the relevant ministries to organize working groups to Lanzhou and Xi'an.

Ma Mingfang is extremely serious and responsible for his work, especially for some matters related to local and departmental work assigned by the comrades in charge of the Party Central Committee, he will report in writing the status of the handling.And it became a system in his work. On August 22, 1955, he wrote a report to Liu Shaoqi on the matters assigned by Liu Shaoqi, including: (1) Regarding Qinghai, Gansu, and Xinjiang's request to recruit a group of young intellectuals from the interior.Gansu Province requires more than 1,200 students to be recruited, and 1,000 middle school students in Tianjin and Beijing have been admitted, and more than 200 demobilized military intellectuals have been admitted in Hebei.Qinghai Province requires more than 1,600 people to be recruited, and it has been determined to recruit 500 people from Shandong, Hebei, and Henan provinces, and 170 people from Beijing (all of Hui nationality).Xinjiang Province requires 4,070 people to be recruited, and is currently recruiting in seven provinces including Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Hubei, Shaanxi, Anhui, and Zhejiang. (2) Regarding the deployment of 95 cadres to the Academy of Sciences.Among them, 75 cadres above the department level are currently being transferred from the cadres adjusted by the central government agency cadre adjustment committee. The 20 director-level cadres cannot be removed from the adjusted cadres due to their high conditions. They have already discussed with the Academy of Sciences. After they put forward a specific transfer plan and submit it to the central government for approval, they will be transferred to various places. (3) Regarding the assignment of secretaries to Comrades Bao Erhan and Sai Fuding in Xinjiang Province.Now we are looking for suitable cadres. (4) Regarding the transfer of a group of young intellectuals to work at the grassroots level.In the reorganization of the central level organs, it is estimated that about 12,000 cadres can be transferred to work in factories and rural areas, and a large number of them are young intellectuals (it is stipulated that the industrial sector must transfer about a quarter of the colleges and universities that have been uniformly allocated since 1950. students to work in grassroots units). (5) Concerning strengthening the staffing of party committee cadres in industrial cities.It has been agreed that Comrade Li Xuefeng of the Third Office of the Secretariat of the Central Committee will be in charge of researching and resolving it in a unified manner.

Entrusted by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Ma Mingfang participated in the Party Representative Conferences of Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province, and Xi'an City from May 20 to June 29, 1955, and wrote a written report to the Central Committee and Chairman Mao Zedong on August 30.Ma Mingfang made speeches at these several party conferences. Among them, in his speech at the Shaanxi Provincial Party Conference, he particularly emphasized the need to care for the interests of farmers.He said: Agricultural production cooperatives should pay attention to the issue of dividends, and don’t leave too much public accumulation. First, they must make members feel that the future of other cooperatives is not worse than before joining the cooperative, and further make them feel that after joining the cooperative, they will be better than before joining the cooperative. If there are many benefits, one point more is good, two or three points more is better, and seven or eight points more is better.If their income decreases as soon as they enter the agricultural cooperative, it will be difficult and unreasonable to make them satisfied with the agricultural cooperative. If you just talk about the benefits of the agricultural cooperative in the abstract, it will not solve the problem.To consolidate agricultural cooperatives, of course political work is also important, as is party work, but the increase in actual output enables the members of the cooperative to obtain more concrete benefits, and this is even more important. If more benefits are obtained, then the agricultural cooperatives can generally be consolidated.The actual interests of the members are to consolidate the material foundation of the agricultural cooperative, on which political work can fully demonstrate its role.Pay attention to the public accumulation of agricultural cooperatives, but also pay attention to the benefits of each household of members.This is not the case in many places in our country now, as soon as the agricultural cooperatives are established.Just build any office, buy something, etc. If this side occupies too much, the concrete benefits for the members will be less, and if there are fewer people, the cooperative will not be satisfied.Attention should also be paid to allowing the production of small plots of private plots for households of commune members.Soviet collective farms use tractors and other machinery for production, but farmers’ families also have small vegetable gardens, dairy cows, piglets, sheep, chickens and ducks, and other handicraft production. We will immediately make socialism so pure in agricultural cooperatives. Impossible, the members should be allowed to have family production, and it should be taken as an important task for the agricultural cooperatives to work for the members, so that they can produce or engage in other sideline or other production outside the agricultural cooperatives on their own small plots of land (not against the law) to increase their real income.Ma Mingfang also telegraphed the increasingly severe drought in Shaanxi to the central government on June 7. He said: The drought in Shaanxi is becoming more and more serious, especially in northern and southern Shaanxi.There has been little rain in northern Shaanxi for more than two months, most of the mountainous wheat fields have dried up, and the yield has decreased by 45-70%. Most of the autumn fields have not been planted, and the price of grain in Yu and Sui areas has soared. 6.8 yuan, black beans rose from 3.1 yuan to 6.2 yuan, wheat rose from 4 yuan to more than 8 yuan, and millet in counties along the Yellow River has risen to 11 yuan per bucket.The rain in Guanzhong has not yet fallen, and fewer and fewer people in the countryside are buying goods, and some people have grown uneasy.Party committees at all levels are leading farmers to open canals, dig wells, preserve moisture and replenish seedlings.In addition, more than 10,000 victims of disasters that flowed into Shaanxi from other provinces have been repatriated and resettled several thousand, but the number has recently increased to nearly 30,000.Most of these victims came from Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu.Among them are landlords, hooligans, ordinary people, individual party members and rural cadres. The local party and government are suffering from overwhelmed arrangements, which not only delays production, but also affects social security.In addition to ordering the counties to strengthen resettlement work, the Shaanxi Provincial People's Committee also hopes that the State Council will order the relevant provincial people's committees to effectively strengthen the work of stopping the reflow of victims. From October 4th to 11th, 1955, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (enlarged) was held in Beijing. The meeting passed the "Resolution on Agricultural Cooperative Issues".Ma Mingfang attended the plenary session and made a speech mainly on the issue of "strengthening the construction and rectification of the party's grassroots organizations in rural areas so that the party can further strengthen its leadership in the socialist transformation of agricultural production".After the Sixth Plenary Session, in accordance with Chairman Mao Zedong’s instructions, Ma Mingfang first presided over a symposium in Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang based on the province as a unit, and then called comrades from the four provinces to have two symposiums. issues of leadership. On October 20, Ma Mingfang reported in writing to Chairman Mao the main situation and problems during the discussion.After reading it, Chairman Mao issued an instruction on October 23: "Liu, Zhou, Chen, and Deng Yue, retreat from Mao. The questions raised in the last few lines of the second page, please pay attention to Comrades Xiaoping and Chen Yun." A few lines at the end of the page", the full text is as follows: "During the symposium, it was also mentioned that when formulating a cooperative plan, we must proceed from the specific local conditions to prevent subjective and one-sided thinking that transcends reality. When criticizing right-wing thinking, It must be combined with the local working conditions and the ideological reality of the comrades, and there will be no sense of proportion if it is divorced from reality.” After the Sixth Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Party, the Central Committee appointed five people including Ma Mingfang, An Ziwen, Li Xuefeng, Lu Dingyi, and Zhang Jichun to study the issue of the central branch.Ma Mingfang convened a five-person group for two discussions, and agreed: First, establish the Central Industry and Transportation Work Department, the Finance and Trade Work Department, and the Culture and Education Work Department, that is, from the central organization department, the tasks of managing industry, transportation, and finance and trade cadres will be established, and the Industry, Transportation, and Finance and Trade Departments will be established respectively. The work department, from the central propaganda department, the task of managing cadres in literature and art, general education, health, sports, etc. was established, and the cultural and educational work department was established; then the central transportation work department, political and legal work department, and foreign trade work department were established.According to the situation of cadres and business work in the industrial transportation, financial trade, cultural and educational systems, and in line with the principle of tightening the establishment, reducing levels, and strengthening leadership, Ma Mingfang made an appointment on November 29, 1955 to discuss the three ministries of industry, transportation, finance and trade, and culture and education. Organizational form, institutional setup and staffing, put forward specific plans and report to Deng Xiaoping.The three ministries have a total of 1,000 staff, including 813 cadres; except for the 363 cadres allocated from the Central Organization Department, the Central Propaganda Department, and the Third Office of the Central Secretariat, the rest are adjusted from other departments at the central level solve.Deng Xiaoping convened another five-member group to discuss, and on December 11, he forwarded Ma Mingfang's plan to the central government, and proposed that since the establishment of the Ministry of Culture and Education had not yet been fully considered, the Ministry of Industry and Transportation and the Ministry of Finance and Trade could be established first. On December 28, the Politburo meeting of the Central Committee decided to first establish the Ministry of Industry and Communications and the Department of Finance and Trade, and appointed Li Xuefeng as the Minister of Industry and Communications, and Ma Mingfang as the Minister of Finance and Trade. After the closing of the Party's "Eighth National Congress" on September 27, 1956, entrusted by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Xi Zhongxun and Jia Tuofu, together with Ma Mingfang, Ma Wenrui, Gan Yifei, Pan Zili, Zhao Boping, Zhang Bangying, Wang Feng, etc. In 1954, the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee made two documents, "Conclusions on Weinan Issues and Huaxian Issues" and "Conclusions on Disunity in the Propaganda Department of the Provincial Party Committee", as well as questions raised by relevant cadres. More than 20 days of discussion and research . On October 18th and 19th, a discussion was held on the understanding and handling of this issue.Wang Congwu, deputy secretary of the Central Supervisory Commission, participated in the last two days of discussions.A summary of the discussion was formed. The "Summary" believes that: (1) The leadership of the Weinan Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China had shortcomings and mistakes in the early stage of the "Three Antis" movement. The issue of anti-leadership was not clearly stated in the "Conclusion" of the provincial party committee, which is inappropriate; the Weinan prefectural party committee decided to arrest a cadre who made some erroneous remarks that were not conducive to party unity during the "Three Antis" movement. It was wrong; afterward, the Disciplinary Inspection Committee of the Provincial Party Committee gave this cadre a punishment of probation in the Party for a year and a half, which was inappropriate and recommended that it be revoked; The list of 30 people who were scouted caused an abnormal phenomenon of mutual distrust among comrades in the party. It is also inappropriate to create some illusions among the cadres.Due to the shortcomings of this "Conclusion", it is recommended that the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China draw a new conclusion based on the actual situation at that time, seek truth from facts, and solve those problems that have not been handled properly or that have not been resolved in this spirit, and unify the understanding of cadres and strengthen unity in solving these problems. (2) There used to be serious disunity in the Propaganda Department of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. The minister should bear the main responsibility, and the cadres who also served as deputy ministers should also bear the responsibility.Since the Provincial Party Committee's "Conclusion on the Disunity of the Propaganda Department of the Provincial Party Committee" has many inappropriate points, it is recommended that the Provincial Party Committee withdraw this conclusion.The two conclusions of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China on the "Weihua issue" and "the disunity issue of the Propaganda Department of the Provincial Party Committee" were approved by the Northwest Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. There are shortcomings in learning and understanding, and there are lessons worth remembering.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved and forwarded the minutes of the meeting. Ma Mingfang served as Minister of Finance and Trade of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for nearly five years.During this period, he inspected northern Shaanxi for more than half a month in July 1958. On August 24, he wrote the "Report on Agricultural Production Issues in Northern Shaanxi" to the Secretariat of the Central Committee. Opinion.He said: The terrain in northern Shaanxi is complex, with vertical and horizontal ditches, including Maogou, branch ditches and dry ditches.In Mizhi County, there are 18 ditches with a length of 20 li to 100 li, 182 ditches with a length of 5 li to less than 20 li, and more than 4,000 ditches with a length of less than 5 li.The same is true for other counties.If flood water is stored in these ditches, the water area can be expanded.The method of treatment should generally be from the furrow to the branch ditches, and then to the dry ditches, store water in sections, and use it step by step; the remaining.The basic work of harnessing ditches, in a nutshell, is earth and rock engineering in one day.Two-day biological measures.Ditch governance must be combined with mountain governance, but the focus should be on gully governance in order to obtain water conservancy quickly and widely.At present, mountain governance should be aimed at controlling soil erosion and reducing the pressure of floods on canal water conservancy projects.For mountainous areas with good biological cover, the main purpose is to protect the existing forests and wild plants so that they can continue to grow and develop; for the land that is going to be degraded, various easy-growing plants should be actively cultivated to achieve the effect of water and soil conservation; In the gentle slope area, we should try our best to do a good job in field engineering.He said: There are nearly 10 million mu of quicksand along the Great Wall in northern Shaanxi, and the yellow sand is rolling with strong winds, which is extremely harmful to farmland.A set of sand control methods has been created in Yulin area, that is, planting trees, planting Artemisia annua, diverting water to discharge sand, and it is very effective.The anti-sand belt from Yulin to Dingbian has taken shape.Artemisia annua planted on the sand grows extremely fast, and the sand can be covered within two or three years.Plant Artemisia annua, tree, arbor and shrub simultaneously. Thirty years ago, there was a Ma Defeng in Yulin, and a 300-acre forest belt was cultivated on the sandy land, which shows that the transformation of deserts into forests is not new.Water is diverted to discharge sand, and the sand dunes four to five feet high are flattened within a few hours. Wherever the water reaches, there is a vast ocean, and quicksand is difficult to flow.Yulin's desert control experience, I think it can be implemented in desert areas.Ma Mingfang's opinions on ditch control and sand control still have practical guiding significance today. In September 1960, after the abolition of the Central Finance and Trade Work Department, in October the central government appointed Ma Mingfang as the third secretary of the Northeast Bureau of the Central Committee.Ma Mingfang went to work in the Northeast.