Chapter 22 1. "Iron Man" in Tangshan & "Officer Xiaotian" in Chengde

Shougang left Beijing and moved to Caofeidian, Tangshan. The main reason was to improve Beijing’s air quality during the Olympic Games. This kind of departure seemed a little helpless, but even without the Olympic Games, a high-energy-consuming and high-polluting enterprise like Shougang would strive to On the way to become a "low-carbon" world city, there are still huge stumbling blocks, so it will be a matter of time to go.According to Ebenstein, “the point of snobbery is to feel good about oneself at the expense of others” (“Snobbery: An Interpretation of Contemporary American High Society”).In the Shougang incident, Beijing undoubtedly practiced this snobbery perfectly.

Agricultural enterprises such as Sanyuan Group withdrew from Beijing. This kind of "snobbery" means more subtle.Beijing doesn't like the stench of dairy farms, so hundreds of thousands of cows are driven out of the city, but they can't be too far away, because Beijingers still want to drink fresh nutritious milk every day.Chengde, Hebei has become the best "backyard" for raising dairy cows in Beijing.Beijing's snobbery lies not only in her self-centeredness, but also in the fact that she has the identity and power of the capital to launch corresponding policies.

However, regardless of Beijing's "snobbish" premise, Shougang and Sanyuan's departure from Beijing did achieve a "multi-win" situation in the end.That is to say, instead of suffering Beijing's cold eyes in the city, it is better to take the initiative to "escape" early and withdraw, and the sea and the sky will be brighter. On the issue of whether Shougang should move out of Beijing, there was once a debate about "Shougang or the capital".In fact, there is no "life and death contradiction" between the two, and the problem has finally been resolved. In February 2005, the National Development and Reform Commission officially approved the relocation plan of Shougang, and planned to build a new Shougang in Caofeidian, Tangshan within 5 years.This is the need for Beijing's urban transformation and healthy development, and it also allows Shougang to gain more room for development-because "holding back" is not good for anyone.

According to the analysis of the environmental protection department, the relocation of Shougang can reduce Beijing's inhalable particulate matter by 18,000 tons per year.What is this concept?Let's look at another figure from the environmental protection department: According to statistics, 96% of the primary pollutants in Beijing's air are inhalable particulate matter. In 2002, the emission of inhalable particulate matter in Beijing's urban area reached 80,000 tons.The 18,000 tons of Shougang accounted for 23% of the urban area of ​​Beijing. Although the relocation of Shougang caused Beijing to lose 8 million tons of production capacity, it gained valuable land and reduced 18,000 tons of solid emissions every year. The lost profits and taxes can be recovered from the tertiary industry; 49% of the "capacity", the key is that with Shougang as a leading enterprise, Caofeidian Industrial Zone will attract investment from the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain.So, it's a win-win situation.

At the same time, it is also the need for Beijing to build a "low-carbon" world city.As a modern international city and a national pilot city, Beijing has established the development strategies of Humanities Beijing, Science and Technology Beijing, and Green Beijing, defined the action goals of building a green modern world city, and proposed to build three major systems of production, consumption, and environment. To realize the nine major green projects, we have begun to explore the way to establish a modern green city with production modernization, consumption-friendly, beautiful environment, resource efficiency and modernization.

"As the capital of the largest developing country, Beijing now proposes a long-term goal of building a world city. It is difficult and challenging to imagine." President of Beijing Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Promotion Association, Standing Committee of the Beijing Municipal People's Congress The former deputy director Wang Weicheng put forward several suggestions for the construction of "Green Beijing", including further optimizing the industrial structure, especially cement, lime and steel. Therefore, such high-polluting, high-energy-consuming enterprises are bound to gradually disappear in Beijing.And going out of Beijing, these enterprises will also get a broader space for development.The rebirth of Shougang in Caofeidian is the best example.

Caofeidian is located on the southern coast of Tangshan City, Hebei Province. It is a small belt-shaped sand island in the Bohai Bay. Large-scale enterprises are in operation every day, cargo ships are constantly on the 250,000-ton iron ore wharf, and wide roads extend to pieces of newly created land. On both sides of the road, residential buildings have been erected, and the downstairs is growing. The sycamore tree... Phoenix Satellite TV host Wang Luxiang looked very excited after visiting Caofeidian. He said that here he can see the rise of North China in the next 50 years. Seemingly calm and sparsely populated, Caofeidian actually has 100,000 construction troops stationed here, reclaiming land from the sea, building roads and buildings.Guo Yanhong, member of the Standing Committee of the Tangshan Municipal Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda, told the reporter: "One day is 300 million yuan, and nearly 150 billion yuan is invested here a year." They are full of hope for Caofeidian's future.

And a very important reason for the formation of all this vigorous new atmosphere is that Shougang left Beijing wisely. In August 2005, "Beijing Evening News" reported: "Affected by the new urban planning of Beijing, more than 20 dairy farms of Sanyuan Company in Beijing will be moved to surrounding areas one after another. A new home for the cows." The cows were "bombed" out of the city, which is actually another win-win deal, because it conforms to the trend and meets the needs of development. On August 28, 2005, Beijing Sanyuan Group and the People's Government of Chengde City, Hebei Province signed the "Comprehensive Cooperation Agreement on Agricultural Economy and Technology".Sina.com reported: "With the development of the capital's urban construction and new urban planning revision and urban function positioning, especially the 2008 Green Olympics, the requirements for environmental protection and public health system construction make the development of Beijing's agriculture and animal husbandry Limited by the environment and resources. As the leading industry of Sanyuan Group, agriculture and animal husbandry must adapt to the requirements of Beijing's urban development, adjust its strategic layout, implement the strategy of 'going out', and find new development space. Chengde City is adjacent to Beijing, and its geographical It is vast, rich in pasture, and rich in agricultural resources.”

Fan Xueshan, executive deputy general manager of Sanyuan Group, said that with the advancement of urbanization in Beijing, high-rise buildings have been built around many dairy farms in Sanyuan, which not only makes epidemic prevention more difficult, but these "indigenous" people are often called "Outsiders" complained that "the smell of cow dung is too strong, which affects the living environment". Therefore, the relocation of the dairy farm has become more and more urgent. In 2007, the remaining 10 dairy farms and nearly 10,000 dairy cows of Sanyuan Group in the Sixth Ring Road of Beijing basically completed the relocation, and moved to the outer suburbs or counties or pastoral areas in Chengde, Hebei.This move will also greatly reduce business costs.

Bao Zongye, chairman of Sanyuan Group, said that Sanyuan Group currently has 33,000 dairy cows in Beijing, distributed in 32 dairy farms, of which 10 are located in the sixth ring road, respectively located in the eastern suburbs farm, the west suburbs farm, Lugouqiao farm etc.Before the relocation project started, the dairy farm closest to the urban area was located in Shuangqiao, Chaoyang District.These 10 dairy farms will basically move out of the Sixth Ring Road this year, and the few remaining will also achieve pollution-free emissions.Besides the suburbs of Beijing, the destinations for relocation are Bashang areas such as Chengde and Zhangjiakou in Hebei.

The newly-built dairy farm will introduce the world's advanced breeding technology and management experience, and its scale and environment are unmatched by current dairy farms in Beijing.Bao Zongye said that the layout of the new dairy farm "will be within a safe radius", "for example, the current one will be moved to Baodi, Tianjin, and the driving time will be within one hour." No matter where the dairy farm is moved , It takes no more than two hours for the three-yuan milk to be delivered to the processing plant from the time it is squeezed out.And "the natural and fresh green fodder on the dam is more suitable for the growth of dairy cows, and the milk may taste better." Fan Xueshan said that in 2004, Sanyuan established a cooperative relationship with the Chengde Municipal Government during the investigation of Beijing agricultural enterprises to Chengde City organized by the Beijing Municipal Government.Animal husbandry is the leading industry of Sanyuan, but in recent years, it has been under increasing pressure from agricultural resources and the environment. Chengde has always attached great importance to the development of animal husbandry, and is committed to building Chengde into a leading animal husbandry and industry in Hebei Province. Forestry strengthens the city, "This is a win-win cooperation with broad prospects."Chengde, Hebei, known as the "Pearl of the Purple Seal", has now become an important source of milk for Beijingers. By 2007, Huadu, Dafa and other state-owned agricultural and animal husbandry enterprises also began to seek cooperation with Hebei Province.More and more famous leading agricultural enterprises in Beijing are throwing "Hydrangea" to Chengde: In addition to the transfer of Sanyuan Group's animal husbandry production base to Chengde, Dafa Chia Tai Group has expanded its investment scale in Chengde's broiler chicken industry, and Fangyuan Ping An Company has Chengde's vegetable base is also expanding. Whether it is the relocation of Shougang from Beijing, or the large-scale agricultural enterprises such as Sanyuan Group throwing olive branches to Chengde, they all show a kind of mobility, not sticking to one side, and flowing to a more relaxed space, which is obviously beneficial to development. manner.Moreover, the prosperity of Shougang in Caofeidian and the commissioning of major projects of Sanyuan and other enterprises in Chengde all show that this flow brings benefits. In fact, since the 1980s, Professor Wu Liangyong, an academician of the two academies, has repeatedly pointed out that the biggest problem facing the old city of Beijing is "overcrowding", and Beijing should actively decongest the old city.In this regard, he proposed a concept of "Greater Beijing Area". "Greater Beijing area" refers to the capital circle of China, which includes two municipalities directly under the central government, Beijing and Tianjin, as well as Tangshan City, Baoding City, Langfang City, Qinhuangdao City, Zhangjiakou City, and Chengde City in Hebei Province, with an area of ​​168,700 square kilometers .Its planning draws on the "regional integrity theory" of the Greater Paris area, the Greater London area, and the New York metropolitan area. It aims to coordinate the construction of Beijing, Tianjin, and northern Hebei. It tries to form a sound urban network through a reasonable layout and evacuate some of Beijing's functions. , coordinate the development of coastal ports and industries, improve the regional ecological environment, and promote the overall development of the Beijing-Tianjin metropolitan belt and the region. As Professor Wu said, the requirements of world cities make Beijing have to find ways to develop in a sustainable and orderly manner. Big Beijing is inevitable: "The development of world cities needs more space. It seems that Beijing's 16,800 square kilometers is very large, but it is actually only in the It is not enough to make a fuss here. The prospect of a big Beijing is an inevitable trend, which is in line with the prospect of the great development of cities in the world, and it is an inevitable trend of multi-functional cities.”