Chapter 18 4. Beijing welcomes you, pass by

The special survey on "Employment Environment in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen" launched by ChinaHR.com in November 2008 showed that nearly or more than half of the respondents in the four places chose "too much pressure", which basically became the top four. The commonality of the urban employment environment.In the survey on "which words can best reflect the characteristics of the city where they are located", the proportions of respondents in Guangzhou and Shenzhen who chose "repression" were as high as 47.56% and 46.7% respectively; compared with these two places, respondents in Beijing chose " xenophobia" has the largest proportion.The xenophobia here can be directly understood as the high threshold set by Beijing for outsiders.

Is Beijing the most suitable "paradise" for your career development?When you are determined to squeeze into this city, or feel lost in the city, please think about this question seriously.At the same time, keep your eyes open and see what shortcomings you have chosen to live in Beijing, which will directly test your "tolerance". In addition to the household registration barriers and the important influence of personal connections mentioned above, hidden employment is also one of the major problems that plague young people, especially fresh graduates. According to a survey conducted by the School of Labor and Human Resources of Renmin University of China in March 2003, 74.8% of Beijing college graduates preferred to work in Beijing. After excluding Beijing students, 69% of non-Beijing graduates preferred Beijing.It is this high concentration of selection expectations that makes Beijing a talent "black hole" in a sense.

In the face of a large number of graduates, in addition to emphasizing academic qualifications and majors in the selection of required talents, Beijing also puts forward a more stringent condition - household registration, and continuously raises the "entry threshold" for graduates from other places.If a non-local graduate studying in Beijing wants to find a job in Beijing and successfully complete the whole process of employment dispatch, he must have the "Stay in Beijing Index" implemented by the school according to certain standards and the "Beijing Entry Index" approved by the higher-level personnel department of the employer. ".Otherwise, due to the inability to solve the settlement and file issues, the employment agreement cannot be signed with the employer or the school, and then the employment registration certificate cannot be obtained, and employment dispatch cannot be carried out.The establishment of this system has indeed made some graduates from other places deterred from "entering Beijing", but there are also graduates who have a unique desire to "seek gold" in big cities. It's just that they didn't "implement employment" according to the prescribed procedures, and only "floated" in the big cities in the form of "part-time jobs", becoming the so-called "hidden workers".

Hidden employment specifically refers to the employment situation that finds a job after graduation and is able to support oneself, but cannot sign an employment agreement with the employer or school due to various reasons, participates in work but cannot be dispatched, and the household registration and files are stored in the school or sent back to the student's place of origin.In recent years, it has become an indisputable fact that the hidden employment of college students has appeared and increased. According to an online survey conducted by the Social Survey Center of China Youth Daily, 59% of people said that there are "hidden employment groups" around them.

The "Beijing Evening News" reported in 2009: "A large number of 'post-85' college graduates have entered the society since last year. Most of them are active in thinking and yearn for freedom. Many of them choose to open online stores, do translation, and write articles when they are employed. They even work part-time jobs at the same time. However, the original intention of most people to find a job is still to find a regular and stable unit, but because of various reasons, they finally embark on the road of hidden employment. A netizen who opened a shop online The post said: 'Because I didn't have any specific career plans when I graduated, I just made money based on my hobbies. Now the business is pretty good, so it doesn't matter whether the employment is explicit or recessive.'”

"However, not all hidden employees are smooth sailing. Many hidden employees are facing great pressure to survive. Xiao Wang, who graduated from the Institute of Physical Education, is now working as a part-time fitness instructor to make ends meet." Affected by the financial crisis, and It coincides with the off-season, and the number of part-time jobs has dropped sharply at present, and it is almost impossible to pay the rent and utility bills.'” The turbulence of life is the first problem that the hidden employment group has to face.The so-called "living in peace can lead to a happy career", in the situation that the welfare housing allocation has nothing to do with oneself, and the price of commercial housing in big cities remains high, most college graduates with hidden employment choose to rent a house.However, renting a house is not a long-term solution after all.Leaving aside the monthly rent of hundreds of yuan or thousands of yuan, frequent moving and no fixed place will produce a strong sense of instability.Renting together with others can certainly reduce the economic pressure, but it will inevitably bring inconvenience to life.Therefore, being able to own a house of your own in the city where you work should be the most realistic dream of most college graduates with hidden employment.However, the stable loan repayment ability required to buy a house with a loan and the occupational instability of hidden employees are exactly a pair of contradictions.

According to a special survey article by the China Youth Research Association, in addition to 4.6% of people who "purchase their own houses" and 10% who "live in classmates' dormitories or at the homes of relatives and friends", 85.4% of people live in rented houses.Among them, the three situations of "shared renting with others", "sole renting" and "unit collective renting" accounted for 49.6%, 28.3% and 7.5% of the respondents respectively. "Some interviewees expressed helplessly: renting a house is a waste, and saving the rent money to buy a house is the right way. But with the current salary level, it is simply impossible to buy a commercial house worth hundreds of thousands of yuan. When will it be like Beijingers also enjoy the housing provident fund and buy affordable housing?"

Of course, hidden employment has to face far more than this. The lack of social security such as medical care, the loneliness of "floating" in Beijing, etc., are all once you choose this employment status actively or passively. Finally, there are practical problems that must be faced. Yang Lixiong, an associate professor at the China Social Security Research Center of Renmin University of China, said: "'Hidden employment' can indeed solve the employment problem of some college graduates under the financial crisis." Delayed, there is no permanent cure.Professor Yang said: "my country's aging era is approaching step by step, and people's life expectancy is increasing. Some young people have not realized the importance of participating in social insurance. But they will eventually grow old and will eventually need medical care and old-age security."

Chinese people like to say "start a family and start a business". If you plan to seek career development opportunities in Beijing, you should consider the issue of settling in this city accordingly.Whether the life here is suitable for you should also be one of the reference conditions for you to choose to work in this city. When evaluating whether a city is suitable for living, "convenient transportation", "clean and pollution-free city" and "good air quality" are the necessary conditions to become a "livable city". The severe dust pollution in Beijing has always been a heart problem for the city.Taking advantage of the opportunity of the Olympics, Beijing has achieved the "blue sky goal".However, like other parts of the country, Beijing has yet to incorporate inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5) below 2.5 microns into its daily monitoring system.The observations made by Dr. Shi Guangyu from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and his colleagues in the summer of 2006-2008 showed that the number concentration of fine particle aerosols in Beijing’s atmosphere in 2008 did not decrease compared with previous years, and the particle size range of 0.3-0.5 microns actually increased. Increase, it mainly comes from the pollution of automobile exhaust.

A report on the "Asian Brown Clouds (ABC)" released by the United Nations Environment Program on November 13, 2008 further magnified people's concerns.The composition of brown clouds includes carbonaceous particulate matter, organic particulate matter, sulfate, nitrate and ammonium salt, etc., and its main source is the combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.The United Nations Environment Program has identified 13 brown cloud hotspot cities around the world, including Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen.This brown cloud also has huge implications for human health.If the concentration of PM2.5 in the air rises by 20 milligrams per cubic meter, about 340,000 people will die in China and India every year.As a rough estimate, the economic losses caused by PM2.5 related to brown clouds accounted for 3.6% and 2.2% of GDP in China and India, respectively.

Although, in 2008, Beijing spent 26.57 billion yuan on environmental protection investment, so as to bring back the long-lost blue sky and white clouds.However, the "heat island effect" in the city was rampant, so that some people died, but it is not sensational. In July 2010, Beijing experienced 12 sauna days, making it the hottest July in ten years.The English-language "China Daily" published a column saying: The average temperature in the central area of ​​Beijing is 5-7 degrees Celsius higher than that in the suburbs.The dark orange areas on the map that show extreme heat are all concentrated in the city center where there are many tall buildings.Obviously, as we move towards urbanization and modernization, I am afraid that we have not considered the central business district, that is, the so-called CBD will cause the urban heat island effect.According to a Beijing newspaper, Beijing's six urban districts have become "super heat islands." Increasing urban green space is one of the ways to reduce the heat island effect.While Beijing has ambitious plans to increase areas of natural vegetation, other blueprints prioritize clusters of high-rise buildings. For example, although Chaoyang District has become the largest urban heat island, it is still planning to build a new business district between the third and fourth ring roads.Fengtai District in the south of Beijing also plans to build a new financial district, and build a tallest and iconic building in Beijing.In Chaoyang's CBD and Fengtai's new financial district, there are only large areas of high-rise buildings, but there is no corresponding increase in large green spaces. In 2010, "Southern Entrepreneur" and other media selected the top ten happiest cities in China based on the comprehensive strength of the selected cities, people's satisfaction with people's livelihood, marriage reputation, and living standards.Arranged in order of ranking, the ten cities of happiness are: Hangzhou, Zhuhai, Changchun, Qingdao, Chengdu, Guilin, Dalian, Kunming, Changsha and Tianjin. No name on the list in Beijing. The "Livable City Blue Book (Beijing)" published by the Chinese Academy of Sciences on June 22, 2006 points out that Beijing is far from a livable city in terms of the comfort of the natural environment or the comfort of the cultural environment.Among them, housing prices are a major factor affecting the livability of Beijing. More than 90% of residents believe that the current housing prices in Beijing are too high. This blue book published by Social Science Literature Publishing House selected 32 sub-items in six categories of convenience, safety, natural environment comfort, humanistic environment comfort, travel convenience, and health, and passed tens of thousands of questionnaires. According to the survey and comprehensive statistical analysis, residents' overall satisfaction with livable Beijing is 63.8 points (out of 100 points). Housing, transportation, population, and air are the four bottlenecks for Beijing to become a livable city. You can simply imagine the life of "drifting" in Beijing as a freshly graduated college student from other places.You may live in a snail’s nest, in an urban village inhabited by ants, or in a 3.0-version capsule apartment, and often knock against the wall in your sleep.When looking for a job, those good positions are "hidden rules", and you can only find a job with a monthly salary of about 2,500 yuan (the average monthly income of ant clan is 1,956 yuan), which is better than those "zero salary" partners Bar.But the place of work is too far away from where I live. If you ride a bicycle to the subway station at dawn every day, and then transfer to a bus, it will basically take you nearly 5 hours to commute to and from get off work.But in order to get a better life, you never dare to slack off, work overtime desperately, have no money and no time to entertain and make friends, let alone spend money recklessly.And in this way, to buy a house in Beijing, you have to work hard and save money for 25-30 years... Xiao Ren, who has lived in Beijing for 5 years, knows exactly what kind of working and living environment he needs. He is now working for a software company.In Beijing, the living environment made him dissatisfied.If it wasn't for work, it would be impossible for him to stay in Beijing, and he would stay for 5 years. When faced with the question "Do you think Beijing is livable", Xiao Ren made it clear with one word - no!His reasons for denying the city are actually very simple: the air is bad, the traffic is bad, and the consumption is too high.Like most people living in Beijing, he seems helpless about these problems. The 26-year-old Xiaoren once participated in a group buying in Beijing, trying to buy a small-scale commercial house through the group, but the group buying had to be disbanded due to the complexity of the members and the developer’s bargaining, and he still hasn’t bought a house yet. .Xiao Ren believes that this is inevitable for urban development, but he does not agree that urban development must sacrifice people's space.As for an outsider like him, there is only one choice left, which is to "exchange time for space", for which he feels helpless. "If my life is like a videotape, I must find the tape when I was 22 years old, and I must replay it. At that time, I will choose to go back to my hometown with my lover and buy a set. A small house, with my children and parents, to live in peace and security." The lines in the TV series may have made many Beipiao people start to reconsider the issue of whether to stay or not. For most of the "North Drifters", the "Beijing Dream" that this city weaves for high-end talents does not belong to them.The happiness that Beijing can give them is roughly the same, but the unfortunate people have their own misfortunes.Because of the original dream and the serious gap caused by reality, you have to go to the big city to chase a better life.For this, you tell yourself that you must persevere.However, the cruelest thing about Beijing is: if you persevere, will you succeed? On August 2, 2010, Beijing issued the "Outline of the Capital Medium and Long-term Talent Development Plan (2010-2020)". For the first time, the "Outline" proposes policies such as the free settlement of high-level talents in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.Yang Kaizhong, chief expert of the "Outline" compilation team and executive vice president of Peking University's Capital Development Research Institute, said that Beijing will gradually implement the free flow of high-level talent household registration system that is mutually recognized in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.At that time, whether it is children of high-end talents involved in schooling or medical and social security, they will enjoy the same treatment as local citizens. This policy once again shows that Beijing, which has always been "dominant", has once again lowered its status and lowered the threshold of household registration by another level.However, I still want to remind you to pay attention to the key words: high-level talents. Apparently, Beijing has made unremitting efforts on the "bangzhuang road" of raising the threshold for floating population to enter Beijing and clearing up the "low-quality" people in the city.