Chapter 18 3. City of "city state"

Yi Zhongtian once said that there are various "market states" in Guangzhou, and this "market state" is commercial in nature.In Cantonese, there is a very frequently used word - "Dai".Reach means to endure and endure, such as arrive (struggle), resist hunger (starve), etc., but more often it means "equivalent".The most commonly used ones are "it's worth it" and "it's worth the money"; when you go to a restaurant for a delicious meal, it's called "dealing food"; It's a cool time to play happily, which is called "Daiwan".The customers are satisfied and the boss is happy. Seeing a lot of bills coming into the account, he secretly screams "deal with profit".Those who can make money will also spend money, and most of those who can spend money will also make money. This is called "Daishou" (competent, capable).If you don't have the ability to make money, you can only sit and wait to die, and probably you can only call it "resisting poverty" or even "resisting death".The business awareness and values ​​of Guangzhou people can be seen.

Guangzhou people's interpretation of "commercial" has reached the point of pure love.Music critic Jin Zhaojun recalled: "Popularized commercial performances, Guangdong is relatively early in this respect. In 1979, the so-called 'music teahouse' appeared in Guangzhou. In 1977, Bi Xiaoshi organized a pop band. In 1984 and 1985 When the pop music was still controversial in the north, the pop music there was relatively socialized. In 1984, there were already many dance halls. I went to Guangzhou for the first time in 1986, and its cinemas had become commercialized. At that time, there was already a billiard hall in the movie theater, that is, there were even singing and playing.”

"Music cafes were originally intended to target customers in Hong Kong." Chen Xiaoqi, a famous songwriter in Guangzhou, said, "Because Guangdong had been holding the Canton Fair at that time, the music cafes were for the Canton Fair. At the earliest time, ordinary citizens could not enter because of its Tickets were not in RMB, but exchange vouchers at that time. Later, the demand for tea market increased, and there were more and more teahouses. The common people could go in. Then it developed from music teahouses to dance halls, and from dance halls to nightclubs.” At that time, the garden restaurant of Guangzhou Dongfang Hotel was the first to create a music teahouse. In the winter of 1978, they opened a music teahouse with local singers singing Hong Kong and Taiwan songs, and other hotels in Guangzhou followed suit.A year later, there were 75 music teahouses in Guangzhou, and the number of seats exceeded the total number of seats in all theaters in Guangzhou at that time.

The popularity of music teahouses in hotels and guesthouses has also led to the rise of light music.The names of these light music groups often start with the word "red", such as "red rose", "red cotton", "red peony" and so on. The relationship between the band and the affiliated unit is also quite complicated. "(Cantonese, referring to engaging in a second job) was introduced from then on.The repertoires sung by these bands include not only Hong Kong and Taiwan pop music, but also domestic repertoires such as Su Xiaoming, Wang Jieshi, Xie Lisi and others.The remuneration for one performance ranged from 3 yuan to 5 yuan, and a singer could go to several shows a day. Such income was considered high at the time.

In order to cooperate with the performances of singers, the Guangdong music scene took the lead in establishing a professional record company in the country. The entry of a professional record company is equal to the initial establishment of the record industry system. The first link in this system is "tape picking": re-scoring imported TV dramas from Hong Kong, Taiwan and Japan. Through this process, a group of musicians have learned the way of routine music arrangement. "Northern musicians also began to create pop music at that time, but Beijing was more influenced by traditional northern folk songs, which were relatively bold and bold. For example, Lei Lei wrote in 1984, and Guo Feng wrote "I Think More" in 1985. But those in the south The side is more western style, and there are more lyrical ones." Jin Zhaojun said.

If a drama has the main creators, how can it lack the protagonist. In 1990, Zhong Luming, a famous reporter of "Stage and Screen", wrote an article entitled "Guangzhou Pop Singing Points" in the newspaper, mentioning the 11 most popular singers in the pop music scene at that time, namely Liao Baiwei, Wang Jianye, Chen Rujia, Li Dacheng, Tang Li, Chen Danhong, Tang Biao, An Li, Chen Shaoxiong, Wu Danli, Li Huayong.The article pointed out that the Guangdong pop music scene at that time had entered the era of "star-making". "singer.At this time, "China Singing", "Pacific", "New Era" and "White Swan" have gradually become the four major record companies in the Guangdong music scene, each with a group of heavyweight singers.And at that time, the cost of making records was low and the profit was high. When a song was written, more than 1 million tapes could be sold, earning three to four million yuan, and CDs could earn seven to eight million yuan. All related industries All flourished for a while, tapes, CDs, VCDs, dance halls, TV stations, radio stations, newspapers, magazines, publishing houses... formed a huge music industry chain.It is precisely because of the support of this music industry chain that the "star-making" project continues to deepen.

In 1992, New Era Audiovisual Company packaged Yang Yuying as a "sweet girl" through songs such as "Tell You Gently" and "Blue Sky" and Mao Ning, who swept the music scene with only one song "The Sound of the Waves Is Still" "Golden Boy and Jade Girl" undoubtedly attracted countless eyeballs and kicked off the trend of the new generation of singers. In 1993, another "alternative" popular song in the south - Chen Lin's "I will never understand your tenderness" was sung.Zhongchang Guangzhou Company, which released this song, established a planning department, and the songwriter Chen Xiaoqi began to take his singers Gan Ping, Li Chunbo, Zhang Mengmeng, and subjects north to Shanghai and Beijing to conduct elaborate and large-scale publicity.

In this process, the media has become an active role. In October 1987, after the first large-scale magazine "Audio World" that comprehensively and systematically introduced popular music in the mainland of China was launched, it has maintained the status of "the only one" for a long period of time.However, around 1994, other industry magazines such as "Fan Fan World", "Contemporary Music World", "China Broadway", "Showbiz", "Fan Fan" and so on came out one after another; Topped the original song list, hit the list and received awards for a while, becoming one of the most lively scenes in the music industry.During the year, the three words "package", "contract" and "tailor-made" became the most frequently used words in the entertainment media.And in these years, every singer has been busy looking for a record company as his backing, and every singer in the new generation has a company behind him, so around 1994 is also called the "signing era".

Wu Jianbang, who was the boss of "New Era" at that time, recalled how they packaged "Sweet Sister" Yang Yuying in an interview with "Haikou Evening News". Star-making Form 1·Renamed and Transshipped Back then, Yang Yuying came to Guangzhou from Nanchang, Jiangxi, and she had just turned 18 when she signed a contract with "New Era". It was 1990, and her name was "Yang Gangli" at that time. "At that time, there was a trend of sweet songs all over the country. The songs of Teresa Teng and Han Baoyi were very popular in mainland China, so we also hoped to create a sweet song singer belonging to the mainland. Although this girl is a bit earthy, she is pure enough and has a very sweet voice. "

After Yang Gangli became the first signed singer of "New Era", the first thing Wu Jianbang thought of doing was to change her name, "Yang Gangli's name is too masculine. At that time, there was an editor of a publishing house who was very concerned about the name. He did a lot of research, took a book called "Name and Destiny", dismantled each word of the book, and finally changed Yang Gangli to Yang Yuying." The 2nd Form of Star-making·CCTV Platform "At that time, there was never a pop singer who could be on the stage of CCTV, so we decided to do a pioneering move that was considered very bold at the time, that is, we invested 100,000 yuan to advertise for 10 days during the prime time of CCTV, 10 minutes a day. , playing Yang Yuying's songs and videos."

100,000 yuan 20 years ago was an astronomical figure. Wu Jianbang said that at that time, the wholesale price of a cassette was 4.1 yuan. How many cassettes would you sell to earn back 100,000 yuan?So in the recording industry at that time, almost no one dared to invest in this way. "The final result of this pioneering work was to make Yang Yuying an overnight hit. Her first solo album "Happiness for Love" successfully sold over one million copies. Star-making No. 3: Mutual Benefits of Video and Video Yang Yuying became popular, but Wu Jianbang was not satisfied with this. "At that time, I also made another decision that also involved a lot of investment, which was to find a way to win the opportunity for Yang Yuying to sing the theme song of film and television dramas."At that time, Wu Jianbang negotiated cooperation with some film and television companies, using the music resources of "New Era" to produce soundtracks and theme songs for the company's film and television dramas for free, but the condition is that Yang Yuying must sing the theme song, so Yang Yuying With the song "Foreign Girl", which is well known in the streets and alleys. Yang Yuying became popular, and New Era also got rich market returns.This "star-making" project continues to deepen under the considerable market prospects.At the same time, as singers continue to go south, the competition is becoming increasingly fierce. At that time, compared with Guangzhou, northern China in the late 1980s and early 1990s was far behind in terms of economic strength and social openness. The famous musician Jin Zhaojun recalled in an interview with "Sanlian Life Weekly", "At that time, the Northeast was already far behind. As a traditional heavy industry base, the Northeast could not adapt to the modernization situation. In 1982, the workers in the Northeast were paid by bearing , poor. And there were no chances. Relatively speaking, the entertainment industry in the Northeast was very underdeveloped at that time, and the high-end entertainment industry was not developed, and it was always Errenzhuan." He described, "At that time, the singers in the Northeast usually came to Beijing first. Come on. For example, Zhang Mi, her family is basically in the northernmost village of Heilongjiang. She walked all the way, first to Harbin, from Harbin to Shenyang, and then to Beijing from Shenyang. Maybe people say that Guangzhou is better, Earning more money, Zhang Mi went to Guangzhou." "Shenyang-Beijing-Guangzhou." Jin Zhaojun drew such a road map for a group of northeastern singers in the 1990s. "Singers from the Northeast went to the South for nothing but to work and earn money." Jin Zhaojun said, "Besides, Beijing had a lot of restrictions on such places at that time, such as inspections, public security, and fire protection. They were very strict, including singers. The qualifications are relatively strict, and the south is much better." A large number of singers from the Northeast have become a very important force in singing and dancing halls blooming everywhere in Guangzhou and Shenzhen. "Among the singers who went south to Guangzhou, Mao Ning was from the Northeast, Na Ying was from the Northeast, Li Chunbo, Jin Xuefeng, Huofeng..." the famous musician Zhu Derong said, "At that time, Huofeng, Naying, me, Cheng Qian, The 4 of us all live in the guest house of the Pacific Audio-Visual Company. The guest house is divided into two sets. There are only 4 rooms in total. Two bathrooms and one hall. So we often stay together. Naying lives next door to me, and next door is Huofeng , and next door is Cheng Qian.” Naying is Huofeng's "little sister", who was introduced by Huofeng.Later, Na Ying brought Jin Xuefeng again.They were both resident singers in the "Butong 100" song and dance hall of Guangzhou Dongshan Hotel at that time. "Butong 100" was named after Taiwanese musician Hou Dejian. The owner is Chen Kai, who is now running a nightclub in Chengdu.As for the meaning of "Butong 100", musicians in Guangzhou have different opinions.Li Guangping's explanation is that "Butong" is the sound of a heartbeat, which describes a very fast heartbeat.Zhu Derong's explanation is that "butong" is the sound of entering the water, and it means throwing money in the water hundreds of times. In China in the 1990s, 100 yuan was considered a large amount. Jin Zhaojun recalled that at that time, his monthly salary was only more than 200 yuan: "At that time, the singers in Guangzhou and Shenzhen each had a motorcycle. , singing two songs in a hurry in one session, and then rushing to the next one, and then the next one, anyway, until midnight. Better singers can earn 1,000 yuan a night.” Chen Xiaoqi, the company's deputy general manager, told "Sanlian Life Weekly" that the band members who accompanied "Butong 100" at that time could get 80-100 yuan every night, which was far higher than the living standard of the working class at that time. Later, Wu Jianbang recalled that Mao Ning was also discovered in a karaoke hall in 1990, and signed a contract a little later than Yang Yuying.If it is said that Yang Yuying's debut was made by spending a lot of money from "New Era", Mao Ning was not so lucky, and her development was not ideal when she first debuted.His popularity was even linked to a song competition event, which also changed the future of another "red star" Zhang Mi. Zhang Mi and Mao Ning had already known each other before "competing for songs".The two were also introduced by Zhang Mi's boyfriend at the time, Guo Dawei. Guo Dawei and Mao Ning are from the same hometown, and they can be regarded as very good buddies.Zhang Mi and Mao Ning were already very famous when they met, but Mao Ning hadn't really stepped into the music scene.Afterwards, with Zhang Mi as the bridge, Mao Ningcai stepped into the music scene from a resident singer in a bar, and became a contracted singer of New Era Company. At that time, the two had become friends in the circle, but they had a dispute and turned against each other when they were competing for the song "Blue Night, Blue Dream". In 1991, Zhang Mi was invited to participate in the CCTV New Year's Day Gala. Musicians Zhang Quanfu and Bi Xiaoshi tailored the song "Blue Night, Blue Dream" for her. cut.After that, Zhang Mi went to Hunan to perform on the same stage with Mao Ning. Mao Ning listened to Zhang Mi's "Blue Night, Blue Dream" and liked it very much.New Times Music Company asked Mao Ning to sing this song, and included it in his tape.Chen Xiaoqi recalled, "This song was placed on the fifth side of A at the time, and it was in a very inconspicuous position. Although it is said that many people are singing that song in the karaoke halls here in Guangdong, it is not very popular in the whole country. Big impact." He said, "According to what Bi Xiaoshi and Zhang Quanfu said, they sang for Zhang Mi first, but they didn't sign any agreement with her, they just sang for her. We didn't have any concept of copyright at that time. , we wrote a song, and we sang it for whoever is suitable, that’s how it is. And when we sang for Zhang Mi, the system of contracted singers had not yet been implemented, so it was more casual, as long as we could sing it. But at that time After signing Mao Ning, this song is also good for Mao Ning, so I received this song in Mao Ning's album. In this way, Zhang Mi had some opinions, and there was a little conflict between the two of them. There should be no contradiction." However, the conflicts caused by this song were escalated later. In 1992, both Zhang Mi and Mao Ning were invited to participate in a program of Guangzhou TV Station. They both chose the song "Blue Night, Blue Dream" by coincidence.When Zhang Mi saw Mao Ning coming in from the outside after rehearsing with the dancers on the stage, it was like reuniting with an old friend who hadn't seen him for a long time and came forward to say hello to him.But Mao Ning said very impulsively and angrily, "Don't talk to me! You're such an idiot!" At that time, Zhang Mi didn't have time to react, and she was a little confused, so she hit Mao Ning with a microphone.After the incident, Mao Ning apologized to Zhang Mi in private, and there was no conflict between the two.The two performed together, took a curtain call together, and went to Zhongshan Park to perform together the next morning. Everything was fine, everything was the same. After Zhang Mi returned to Beijing, when chatting with Guo Dawei, she also mentioned the misunderstanding with Mao Ning.In Chen Xiaoqi's eyes, Guo Dawei is "a very angry person, a bit gangster".Guo Dawei is also from the Northeast. The most famous song he has sung is "When the Sun Rises" in the "Sun God" commercial.Chen Xiaoqi jokingly said: "He couldn't do the whole song, but he sang this line very well, with strength in it. Because he couldn't grasp the integrity of the whole song, he didn't mix it up anymore." Then one day Guo Dawei met Mao Ning in the coffee shop of the Media Hotel. After the two exchanged a few words, Guo Dawei began to ask Mao Ning what was going on at the Guangzhou Gymnasium, and asked Mao Ning: "Are you scolding Zhang? Mickey?" Mao Ning said: "Yes." Guo Dawei was a little angry after hearing this, but Mao Ning did not show weakness, and the two began to tear up.Guo Dawei also beat Mao Ning severely. In the process, people from CCTV came, and people from Mao Ning's company also came.At that time, Mao Ning was preparing for the Spring Festival Gala, and the recommended track was "Blue Night, Blue Dream". In the next few days, major newspapers used the "Media Incident" as their front-page headlines, with headlines such as "Zhang Mi Fights Mao Ning on CCTV", "Zhang Mi Instigates Boyfriend to Sing "Blue Night, Blue Night" "Lan's Dream" a big fight", "Zhang Mi and Mao Ning compete to sing "Blue Night, Lanlan's Dream"", "Zhang Mi's prototype is revealed", "Zhang Mi has an affair with the underworld" and so on. For a while, major newspapers across the country were rushing to reprint and publish the so-called "competing song incident" between Zhang Mi and Mao Ning. However, among those articles criticizing Zhang Mi, most of the chapters were about introducing the two upcoming products of New Era Company. The two golden boys and girls - Mao Ning and Yang Yuying. Later, a reporter in Hunan revealed that New Era Records published these articles in the form of buying advertising space, in order to use hype to make Maoning and Yang Yuying popular.The most interesting thing is that an old classmate of Li Lu, the director who filmed the "Lone Star" TV series, who was a lawyer in Guangzhou, said that he was the legal planner and text planner of the incident between Zhang Mi and Mao Ning. In the era when entertainment hype was not yet popular, such news undoubtedly caused an uproar. After a round of media bombardment and the subsequent launch of the combination of "Golden Boy and Jade Girl", Mao Ning's popularity increased rapidly and his career flourished day by day.However, Zhang Mi suffered an unprecedented blow. She has been reduced from a once popular singer to an unknown person, and she is often pointed and abused when walking on the street and in shopping malls.As his career fell to the bottom, his boyfriend Guo Dawei also abandoned her.In an interview with "Life News" in the future, Zhang Mi recalled, "I can be said to be the first female singer banned in China. At that time, all performances were forced to stop, and there were only two ways out: either go abroad or commit suicide. Okay. I was strong-willed, so I chose to go abroad. However, during that time, my mood was particularly low." After going abroad, Zhang Mi started from scratch. In six years, she went to many countries, such as Switzerland, Spain, Italy, the United States, and Germany. She "wandered" all the way and supported herself by doing some trade.When going out, she was really tired of singing.She said that her diplomatic friends abroad are all elderly people, and the youngest one is over 60 years old.She gets along very happily with those old people who are indifferent to the world, and understands many true meanings of life from them. "They are real, they have a lot of life experience to learn from, and it's really relaxing to be with them." After Zhang Mi returned to China in 1999, she re-entered the music scene and stage.She said, "People seem to be a kind of reincarnation. When everything starts to go well, they will go back to doing what they love most in their bones, so now I am back. Now I sing not as a means of survival, but out of Love of life and interest in music.” However, she is not as eager for quick success as she was in Guangzhou when she made music now, she said, she now pays more attention to the process rather than the result.After returning to China, she also went to the modeling industry across the border to develop, and the runway even brought her unexpected good results. After 2000, she has also successively won the World Car King Princess, the Gold Award for the Most Charming Woman in "Vogue", the Best Model Award at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, and the Special Award in the Global Asian American Model Contest.The sweet and pure girl who used to remain in the fans' impression is like a sparrow turning into a phoenix, becoming sexy, avant-garde, and radiant. At that time, Mao Ning, who became famous because of the hype, has gradually faded out of the entertainment circle, and the reason for this fading out is so similar to Zhang Mi's departure back then. Because after songs such as "Blue Night, Blue Dream" and "The Sound of the Waves Are Still" became famous, Mao Ning went to Beijing on the Northern Expedition to develop.After entering Beijing, Mao Ning's career also skyrocketed, until the "assassination incident" in 2000. Later Mao Ning recalled this unbearable time and said, "I remember it was November 22, 2001. At that time, I was the second day after I came back from the Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers Awards Ceremony as a guest singer. So I planned to buy some snacks for my friend’s children on the way, so when I was driving past a convenience store in Beijing’s third ring road, I got out of the car and was about to walk in the direction of the store, but was stopped by a stranger. At that time he asked me if I had a fire, I thought it was common to ask for fire, so I didn't pay much attention to it, but when I said no, he still didn't let me go, I felt something was wrong, I realized that I met It's the robber." The next thing happened, just like the clips in the movie, Mao Ning didn't intend to entangle with the gangster, so he let it be at his mercy. As a result, his mobile phone, money and belongings were all taken away, but the other party still There was no intention of giving up, so Mao Ning began to worry about his car, "Everyone knows that I am a car lover. If the gangster wants to take my car away, I will not be reconciled. At that time, my car keys were stolen." It was placed in the inner pocket on the chest of the coat, so I subconsciously put my hand into the pocket, intending to hold the key in my hand first, but when the other party saw my action, he felt guilty and nervous, thinking that I would take out something In the end, he stabbed me hard in the chest in desperation." In this way, Mao Ning fell into a pool of blood, and the gangsters fled in a hurry when he saw it, and Mao Ning, who was severely stabbed, began to feel hot in his chest , He wanted to run, but he couldn't run anymore. Fortunately, a passer-by found him and called him for help. He was sent to the hospital in time, and Mao Ning survived. There is no mystery in the matter itself, but the entertainment media in 2001 is no longer what it used to be, and it is more unscrupulous than the hype 9 years ago. As a result, the media reported the incident of Mao Ning's bodyguard beating someone. Mao Ning explained afterwards, "Actually, I don't have a bodyguard at all. The one who had a dispute with the media was a very quiet girl in my company. She usually doesn't quarrel with others at all. At that time, because of me The situation was very urgent, so she was emotional, but there was no fight at all." After that, there were topics such as the "Xiaoyu incident", homosexual relations, underworld revenge, etc. A series of negative reports related to Mao Ning came one after another, leaving him no chance to breathe.Under the difficult argument, Mao Ning had no choice but to withdraw from the public view. Although he kept a low profile, he continued to work.He said, "Many people think that I have been immersed in pain for several years, healing myself, and doing nothing. But in fact, the time of pain is very short, and I have been working most of the time. For example, every year I go to Do a concert in the United States. The company has done a good job in this aspect, but it has always encouraged me to go abroad. At the beginning, I went to be a guest for Jenny and Tsai Chin’s special performances, and then I did special performances, and other singers came Be a guest. In addition to the United States, I often do promotions in Tokyo and Osaka, appear on NHK programs, and participate in Tanimura Shinji's concerts." There is an old saying in Guangdong that "people have three declines and six prosperity", and the encounters of Zhang Mi and Mao Ning seem to confirm this point.However, the song competition incident is undoubtedly a watershed that changed the fate of the two, and behind the song competition incident is the dispute brought about by the competition in the Guangzhou music scene and the irregular market operation. "The one that caused trouble at the time was "Chinese Folk Ballads". Xie Dong sang the first song, and later sold it to Sun Hao. The author sold two songs for one song. Later, there were fights, but Sun Hao sang it, and Xie Dong's chance to make money was invisible. Less. So this is the critical moment, whoever sings at the Spring Festival Gala will recognize whoever is first. The common people don’t care about this, and whoever is more impressive is whoever is.” Jin Zhaojun said, “The competition is very cruel.” The star-studded Guangdong music scene did not continue its brilliance. In the mid-1990s, there was even a "wind of contract termination".The first batch of Guangzhou original singers left the four major record companies one after another and marched into Beijing. At that time, someone borrowed a witty folk saying to describe the situation-"Nine out of 10 singers jumped (job-hopping), and one was shaken. " At that time, first Mao Ning terminated the contract with "New Era", then Gan Ping broke up with Chen Xiaoqi, and then Gao Linsheng, Li Hanying, and Yang Xiangyue left without saying goodbye.All of a sudden, a group of popular first-line singers Yang Yuying, Mao Ning, Li Chunbo, Lin Yilun, Chen Ming, Gan Ping, bald Li Jin, Jin Xuefeng, Huofeng and others who were popular in the Guangdong music scene bid farewell to the Guangdong music scene and went north to find other jobs. Long-term development.The singers at that time seemed to be infected with an infectious disease. One of them said to leave, and they left all at once, which seemed to be a kind of escape. ("Audit Frontline") In the few years after they left, the Guangzhou music scene went from bad to worse.After going to the north, although many people's career development is not satisfactory, and their popularity and status are not even as good as when they were in Guangdong, but so far they have not left Beijing and returned to the Guangdong music scene.With the continuous development of Beijing's cultural undertakings, some of them are no longer limited to the singer industry, but have continued to transform, set foot in the performing arts stage, try dramas and musicals; or change their singing styles and try new music styles. However, what was the reason that made them leave the "Bei Tuo", the hot land of Chinese pop musicians? Lin Yilun, who was the latest to leave Guangdong, recalled at that time: "I left Guangzhou with a large number of singers, not because I didn't have feelings for Guangzhou, but because the situation at that time was objectively the case. If you want to go further in the music world, Beijing is a place. It was a place I had to go to. In addition, most of my work was filmed on CCTV at that time, so I had to go north for work, just for convenience." ("Wuhan Evening News") Music critic Jin Zhaojun also said: "The past ten years have seen the fastest economic development in China. Beijing has always been the hottest area, but now it is full of countless opportunities. Those who are not famous in Beijing will never starve to death. For example, if you are a composer, there is a lot of work in Beijing. All TV stations have offices in Beijing, including documentaries and other films. Anyway, those who need music are concentrated in Beijing. TV dramas are the most typical, and they all have offices in Beijing. A little bit, it is convenient for it to send films to CCTV. Li Haiying was the first to stay in Beijing when he came to Beijing. He was also the first to buy a house in Beijing, and then the rest came one by one.” He believes that at that time, Beijing The music scene is superior to Guangdong in many aspects. The first is the cultural investment environment. In addition, although the Beijing pop music scene has ups and downs, there are always bright spots. There are both folk songs and rock songs, both tender and bold. Singers and listeners can always find them. Resonance points, while the Guangdong music scene did not expand enough in terms of creation. Even in the mid-1990s, when the music scene was the most active, it was only fixed in the circle of urban lyrical songs.Some people also analyzed that the most important reason for creating the singer "Flying to the North" is that after 1994, CCTV set up a pop music section, and often broadcast various evening shows. This kind of opportunity has a huge temptation for singers from all over the world; At the same time, the originally influential programs "A Thousand Purples and Reds" and "Spending Good Time Together" stopped broadcasting around 1995, and "MTV Constellation", which featured scrolling original MTV works, also stopped broadcasting due to various reasons.One side is CCTV’s hundreds of millions of viewers; the other side is the gradually shrinking publicity channels. As a singer, I will naturally choose the former. Of course, Lin Yilun has many feelings about this point.At that time, "urban lyrical songs" were popular in the Guangzhou music scene, but his famous song "Love Bird" was obviously out of date.He said, "When this album was first released, the sales volume was not good, only more than 30,000 copies. I was a little disappointed. At that time, any famous singer released an album, and the sales volume would go from hundreds of thousands to more than 1 million copies. The record company decided to give up on me. Moreover, the song "Love Bird" has received a lot of criticism. Some professionals wrote articles directly, saying how there is such a bird as love, and what kind of bird is it worth singing in the song. " However, one day in January 1994, he suddenly heard "Love Birds" in the "Monday Song" of the Central People's Broadcasting Station. The track, he said, "I was really surprised and delighted at the time. "Love Birds" became popular immediately. From the perspective of the background of the times, it also symbolized the true opening of Chinese music. Personally, I started to get busy. Frequently participated in various music singer competitions on CCTV, and had frequent performances." ("Wuhan Evening News") "Because there were far more jobs in Beijing than in Guangdong at that time, it was impossible for me to fly around for a long time. At that time, I was still with my mentor Zhang Quanfu deliberated for a long time before deciding to go to Beijing.” (Southern Metropolis Daily) At the same time, Zhong Luming, a senior local media person in Guangdong, believes that the decline of the Guangdong music scene is due to the lack of professional managers: "Looking at the Hong Kong music scene, everyone will naturally think of Chen Shufen when talking about Jacky Cheung, and Chen Jiaying when talking about Faye Wong. But for so many years in the Guangdong music scene, except for Chen Ziqiu who has been trained, there are no qualified managers. Many so-called managers are nothing more than high-end nannies. The music scene is not enough to rely on musicians to create, it also depends on managers Supported by people who operate professionally.” Musician Li Guangping also agrees with this statement, "A broker is another business. He is in the business of the art market, and we are in the business of art creation and art production. Looking back now, this part has quite a flaw. If there are many A good professional manager can completely win over these singers in Guangdong, and can continue to do it very prosperously, so that half of the country will not disappear now. Now there are about 40 or 50 professional musicians in Guangdong in Beijing. In other words, there are fifty or sixty singers who have worked in Guangdong." In addition to the imperfect mechanism of the music scene itself, another very important reason is the special local context of Guangdong. Lin Yilun said: "Guangzhou is a special place. It has its own language, and its songs also use local dialects. After rising stars such as Zhang Jingxuan came out, I found that the southern music scene may be more suitable for local people who can speak Cantonese. Moreover, the current performing arts circle The concept of North and South has been blurred. The reason why there is a "North and South opposition" is because people have always been aggressive. When outstanding singers such as Na Ying and Tian Zhen emerged in the North, the so-called "camp" came out, and there was a "camp". ’, the term ‘competition’ came out.” The music scene in Guangdong has been heavily influenced by music from Hong Kong and Taiwan from the very beginning, and there is a clear suspicion of "copying Hong Kong" in terms of music style, creation, and business mechanism. First, a group of "Guangzhou XXX" imitation singers appeared.Li Huayong, known as "Guangzhou Luo Wen", is the representative of the first batch of imitation singers. Originally an actor in a Cantonese opera troupe, he sang "Youth Is Forever" with Luo Wen's singing, which is well-known in Guangdong; Chen Haoguang, a singer of the Guangdong Folk Orchestra It is called "Guangzhou Zheng Shaoqiu", and his masterpiece is Guangzhou's first-hand Cantonese original song "Star Lake Boating".In the next few years, there were more and more imitation singers, such as "Guangzhou Liu Wenzheng" Lu Nianzu, and "Guangzhou Teresa Teng" Liu Xinru. Musician Li Haiying also believes that the ups and downs of Guangdong music are inseparable from commercial factors. "Guangdong learns from Hong Kong, what to do to make money; while many musicians in Beijing have been burying their heads in creating. The capital's rich cultural atmosphere and more free creative space have attracted more musicians." Chen Xiaoqi said, "The pop music scene in Guangdong was born under the tide of the market. There is no previous experience to learn from, and there is no time to form a healthy growth mechanism. This has resulted in the short-term behavior of musicians. However, the long-term benefits were neglected, which laid the groundwork for the future decline of the Guangdong pop music scene. An important reason why Guangdong pop music had its heyday in the 1980s and 1990s was the rise of karaoke at that time, and Guangdong’s works were very popular. It is suitable for karaoke singing, so karaoke at that time became the basis for the survival of the Guangdong pop music scene. Later, karaoke gradually faded out of the market. The singers were impatient and couldn't persist and changed their careers to do other things; the singers also left in a hurry and did not join hands to deal with the impact of Hong Kong and Taiwan music; , being a singer, and doing publicity costs money, but if the money is invested, it may not be able to get it back due to piracy and other reasons, so they simply come to benefit: do what the market needs. These practices only care about immediate interests and have no long-term planning , is the direct cause of the rapid decline of the pop music scene in Guangdong." Yan Ming, a commentator for Southern Metropolis Daily, said, "The things that come from Hong Kong and Taiwan are indeed superficial. If our singers stay, we will be able to compete with them in strength. It's just because the singers left in a hurry, and the South has not been able to create better. conditions to keep them, which led to today's situation." 在1997年到2002年，整个广东乐坛没有任何方向，在全国的影响也日渐式微。虽然在2002年间，本地歌手张敬轩一度崛起，但仍不能扭转乐坛的这种局面，最终张敬轩也赴香港发展。2009年广东音像出版界“四大巨子”之一的“新时代”也宣告破产，《每日经济新闻》认为，“新时代”的落幕并非偶然，而是整个音像行业走向衰落的一个缩影。