Chapter 7 3. Household registration "buried"

If it is still a visible "torture" to squeeze the bus every day, then the temporary residence permit is like a nightmare, even though it now has a new name called a residence permit.From the days of temporary residence permits to residence permits, have the rights and treatment of migrants in Guangzhou and Shenzhen improved again?What we can't forget is the days when we were like second-class citizens holding a "temporary residence permit". Today, the 30 million floating population in Guangdong are still on the way to obtain a residence permit. Because only when you get approval from your household registration, can you enter a certain circle and integrate into a certain group of people.This is what the Cantonese call "buried piles". "Bury", the extended meaning of modern Chinese is to hide.In a non-obtrusive way, let yourself blend into a certain group of people, or enter a certain circle-"buried in a group" is just that.And if you are accidentally exposed alone, it is very dangerous in Guangdong.

Before 2010, most outsiders who were wandering in Guangzhou would inevitably feel lingering fears when they mentioned temporary residence permits. The "Sun Zhigang incident" in 2003 has also become a dark stroke that cannot be forgotten in the "temporary residence permit era". At that time, "Southern Metropolis Daily" reported "a university graduate was detained and beaten to death because he did not have a temporary residence permit", which was the Sun Zhigang incident. 27-year-old Sun Zhigang graduated from Wuhan Institute of Science and Technology. After applying for a job in a clothing company in Guangzhou, he landed in Guangzhou. On March 17, 2003, at 10 o'clock in the evening, Sun Zhigang went out to surf the Internet as usual. Since he had just arrived in Guangzhou for 20 days and had not yet applied for a temporary residence permit, it happened that he did not bring his ID card with him when he went out that day.The matter evolved into what he filled out in the "Registration Form for Inquiry of People with "Three Noes" in the City": "I was shopping on Huangcun Street in Dongpu. Police station."

That night, he called his roommate Mr. Cheng (pseudonym) and asked him to bring his ID card and money to release him on bail.However, when Mr. Dang Cheng went to the police station, he was told by the police that "Sun Zhigang cannot be released on bail even if he has an ID card."Mr. Cheng saw with his own eyes that many people were bailed out one after another, but he successively approached two policemen hoping to bail them out, but when the two policemen saw Sun Zhigang who was being interrogated, they said, "This person is not good", but they did not No explanation was given.He was puzzled, so he called a local friend in Guangzhou. His friend told him that there could be two reasons why the police refused to release him on bail.Later, Mr. Cheng recalled that he saw Sun Zhigang at an office window of the police station, so he sneaked up to him and asked him "how did he get arrested, and did he not cooperate?" ".In the conversation with Sun Zhigang, he admitted that he had talked back to the police, but he didn't think what he said was very serious.

The next day, another friend of Sun received a call from Sun from the shelter. According to his recollection, Sun "stuttered a little, spoke very quickly, and felt very scared" on the phone.So he notified the boss of Sun Zhigang's company to go to the shelter to protect the person.Later, a colleague of Sun’s went there once, but was told that the guarantor procedures were not complete. After issuing various certificates, the boss of the company personally rushed to the Guangzhou City Detention and Repatriation Transit Station, but the detainment station was about to close at that time, and a guarantor was required. Had to wait until the next day.

On March 19, Sun Zhigang's friend called to inquire about the shelter, and only then did he know that Sun Zhigang had been sent to the hospital (Guangzhou Detainee Treatment Station).According to the nursing record, the hospital received it at 11:30 p.m. on the 18th.Mr. Cheng said that at that time they wanted to go to the hospital to see Sun Zhigang, but were told by the doctor that they could not see him, and that they had to be relatives of Sun Zhigang to come as a guarantor. At noon on the 20th, when Sun's friends called again to inquire, the answer they received still makes them unbelievable: Sun Zhigang died, and the cause of death was a heart attack.Nursing records show that Sun Zhigang had "insomnia, palpitation, frequent urination, nausea and vomiting, clear consciousness, and quiet performance" when he was admitted to the hospital. After that, Sun Zhigang "slept" almost all the time in the hospital: until 10 am on March 20, when the nurses made rounds It was found that Sun Zhigang's "condition was changing rapidly, his face was pale, he was speechless, his breathing was weak, and his blood pressure could not be measured".The doctor took epinephrine injections and other treatments at 10:15, and announced the cessation of all treatments 10 minutes later.Sun Zhigang finished his 27 years of life.

According to the nursing records, Sun died at 10:25 on March 20, 2003. Although the hospital believed in the nursing records that Sun died suddenly, the cause of death was a cerebrovascular accident, a heart attack; however, the autopsy results showed that: Sun Zhigang was severely beaten in the few days before his death, which eventually resulted in extensive soft tissue damage and died of traumatic shock. Three months later, the Guangzhou Intermediate People's Court held a public hearing on Sun Zhigang's case, and the criminals involved were also punished by law.However, the passing of such an innocent life has to make people question, who should be responsible for this tragedy, and should they be treated unfairly just with a temporary residence permit?

The death of Sun Zhigang did not stop the tragedies caused by the temporary residence permit. The thin booklet seems to have become a stamp to distinguish people's status. "I drive around the city of Guangzhou every day, but I feel like a passer-by without any sense of integration. When I go outside to talk about business, I always tell people that I am from Hunan." Mr. Li came to Guangzhou in 1997. It has been more than ten years.From a wage earner from Hunan to the owner of a company with a transport fleet, Mr. Li's net worth has changed, but his identity remains the same.

Mr. Li owns a duplex house with a construction area of ​​more than 140 square meters in Guangzhou Country Garden. Nearly 30% of the "floating population" like him who own buildings, cars and businesses live in this community. However, they cannot get the city's Recognition, hovering on the fringes of city dwellers. He believes that although the government has set restrictions on the conditions for entering Guangzhou: having a fixed job, unmarried youths under the age of 35 with a bachelor's degree can enter the household, or those over the age of 35 must have a professional title, etc.But this can only represent a part of the urban population, and there are still some people who have created high value for local tax revenue without high education, but are turned away.He used himself as an example, "I only have a high school degree, but I am hardworking. I created wealth with my own efforts. I started a company. This year, I recruited new college students from other places, and successfully registered for them in Guangzhou. procedures, but my boss is still a floating population because of his lack of academic qualifications.”

For Mr. Li, "Actually, it is a piece of cake for me to pay one or two hundred yuan a year to apply for a temporary residence permit. The problem is that this is just a formality. Provide any convenience. Except for the need to buy a car, test a driver's license, etc., it is useless to me." Temporary residence permits sometimes not only fail to provide convenience, but also become shackles for the movement of migrants. Mr. He, who owns 3 companies in Guangzhou, has been "temporarily living" in Guangzhou from Anhui for 12 years. Now, he has a successful career, but because of "identity issues", the treatment he enjoys as a boss is not even as good as that of his employees , as he said: "Ninety percent of my employees are locals in Guangzhou. They come and go freely, and they can go to Hong Kong if they want to. It is very inconvenient for him to do business in Hong Kong.

Mr. He believes that the treatment of temporary residence permits for migrants should be reflected. If a person has worked hard in Guangzhou for many years and created wealth, can the government provide him with certain services? "It can't just be a card that cooperates with public security management. Since I have paid for a temporary residence permit and recognized my temporary residence status, why do I have to go back to my hometown to issue a certificate of information when I apply for a Hong Kong and Macau pass? I think this part of the work should be done by The relevant departments in Guangzhou will complete it.”

Some experts analyzed that the term "temporary residence permit" itself implies "sooner or later you will leave", which means that the place of residence does not accept and recognize the floating population enough.In fact, the floating population has already constituted an indispensable part of the place of residence, and some floating population is likely to live in the "temporary residence" for a lifetime.These people have made contributions to their place of residence, but they do not receive the corresponding power and treatment. At the same time, "fees for issuing permits" has become an unspoken rule in the process of issuing temporary residence permits. The fee items are cleverly named and bundled with the temporary residence permit. What kind of money do I need to pay?According to a report in "Southern Metropolis Daily", there are differences in the price in different districts in Guangzhou. The Baiyun District Office is 180 yuan, but after paying 180 yuan, you have to pay another 20 yuan for the unified photo. No; but in the development zone, the price is 25 yuan, and sometimes it can be cheaper by counter-offering. Government departments provide public services to the society and are supported by fiscal revenue. Why do they charge "specific fees" to "specific people"?This inevitably makes people think of the "cake effect" of this certificate. Calculated on the basis of 100 yuan per person, the 30 million floating population in Guangdong in the whole of Guangdong can get as much as 3 billion in fiscal revenue with temporary residence permits! Temporary residence permits are basically a product of regulatory thinking, with only management functions and basically no service functions, not to mention the word "temporary residence" itself is discriminatory. Behind the "temporary residence permit" is likely to be the revival of the dual social identity system: the "identity gap" framed by region brings two levels and qualities of rights, welfare, and freedom. It divides a city into Two strata.The market allocates resources, so the subject relationship between people can only be determined by the contract, and the "autonomy" of people should play a leading role in social life, and the city must be autonomously participated by citizens with equal subjectivity without identity boundaries—— The "temporary residence permit" has already suffocated the creativity of the people at the bottom of society and their reasonable demands for political rights.Moreover, when the "temporary residence permit" has become a "magic weapon for financing" in some departments, and when the undocumented people face "worries about verification" and "danger of wrongful punishment", the radiant right exiles the "freedom from fear" Thousands of miles away. It is said that Britain’s Magna Carta declared in 1215 that “from now on, any people who are loyal to the rest may leave the country safely by water or dry road, except for temporary restrictions on the welfare of the country and the public in time of war. Entering the country.” This is the earliest source of statutory law for the right to freedom of movement. On New Year's Day in 2010, the "residence permit" replaced the 10-year "temporary residence permit" and officially became a new label for floating population. There is only one word difference between "residence permit" and "temporary residence permit", but is there a huge difference in the treatment of floating population? A netizen named "Guangzhou Morning Tea" shared his feelings about the residence permit. He believes that he is still the "sandwich layer" of the residence permit. We can take a look at his helplessness. In a few days, the "temporary residence permit" in Guangzhou will be renamed the "residence permit", and the implementation of "enrollment in five years and household registration in seven years" will be implemented.But I think that no matter what it is called, it is just a pie on paper. In 2004, I came to Guangzhou from Hunan and worked in a formal unit for 5 years, with social security, medical insurance, and housing provident fund.However, I did not apply for a temporary residence permit, nor did I want to.In addition to paying money and stamping, and carrying a notebook in your arms, can it bring you any discount or convenience?Discounts for transportation, park entry, medical treatment, telephone processing, Hong Kong and Macao travel convenience?None at all!Can it bring you the body odor of even 0.01% of Guangzhou people?cannot!If a book is carried in my arms, even if it is carried for five or seven years, it will not bring any income, convenience or hope of entering the household, then why should I foolishly rush to line up and pay to own it? Two years ago, I got married and married a daughter-in-law in Guangzhou. I thought that this would bring me closer to my hope of becoming a Guangzhou native.but.According to regulations, I have to be married for seven years before I can register.Later, I inquired about an agency company that specializes in handling household registration, and they said they could do it for a price of 10,000 to 20,000 yuan.I am the "sandwich layer" of the Guangzhou residence permit. Although I have been in Guangzhou for 5 years, my residence time is still zero in front of the residence permit system. Fortunately, my wife is from Guangzhou, and fortunately we have a second-hand house with a provincial first-level primary school degree, otherwise it would be a big problem for our children to go to school. The idea of ​​"Guangzhou morning tea" made me think of such an evaluation about residence permits - "No matter how good a residence permit is, it is just a residence permit": the more a right needs to be proved by a certificate, the more difficult it is to protect this right. Just like Liu Dongming (pseudonym), who has worked in Guangzhou for more than 10 years, had to go through 12 times of torture in order to apply for a "residence permit". On the way to fight for his rights, he experienced the "absence" of rights. Liu Dongming planned to upgrade his "temporary residence permit" after hearing that Guangzhou issued a "residence permit" policy. The first time was shortly after the New Year's Day holiday. Liu Dongming took his photos and documents to the Xian Village Neighborhood Committee to apply for a residence permit.The staff told him that he had to go to the designated place to take digital photos to apply, so he had to spend 25 yuan to take pictures. The second time, he handed in the application form and photos, etc., and the staff told him that he needed to provide the landlord's proof of residence and the landlord's signature before processing. Later, he took the proof of residence and the signature of the landlord, but the staff told him that he also needed a proof of work and the signature of the person in charge of the unit.However, when he got the signature and work certificate of the person in charge of the unit, the staff asked for the unmarried certificate. Mr. Liu went back and checked and found that the unmarried certificate just expired at the end of last year. Back and forth, Liu Dongming ran 12 times, and he couldn't help complaining, "The staff never explained the procedures clearly at one time. You have to toss until you can't help losing your temper before you stop. In addition, the staff was absent several times. I ran away for nothing, and I went back and forth 12 times for this certificate, but I still couldn’t get it done.” After several months of tossing around like this, Liu Dongming was discouraged and had to give up this residence permit. This is just a hurdle for processing. Although the "residence permit" policy has been announced, whether it can be implemented is another matter.Similarly, when applying for a "residence permit", it seems to see the shadow of a "temporary residence permit" in some aspects. The most obvious is to express the ride-hailing charges when applying for a residence permit.An ocean netizen "Dali Sario" said that he was charged 17 yuan when he applied for a residence permit in Longdong Street, Tianhe District, of which there was 2 yuan without an invoice, which he said was a handling fee for "receiving a certificate".Similarly, Mr. Lan, who lives in Shiqiao, Panyu, also said that he was charged 60 yuan when he applied for the certificate, and the staff did not explain the specific fee. There are various fees for the "residence permit", and the most common one is "42 yuan/half a year", which includes 2.5 yuan/month for public security joint defense and 4.5 yuan/month for "labor deployment fees".Such fees make people always feel in a trance, whether this is for the benefit of the people or the reality of collecting money in the name of a residence permit. Just like what a person named "The Big Fish of the Sea" wrote in his Phoenix blog: In July, notices were posted at the gate, elevator room, and every floor of the Dongpu community in Guangzhou where I lived. The opening article is "In order to achieve a safe Asian Games, strengthen the management of the actual population, accurately collect rental housing and floating population information, and purify the public security environment around the Asian Games venues." The Asian Games is really a basket, and everything can be put in it.Floating populations are always targeted for purification of law and order. Let’s understand this as the government’s well-intentioned efforts. If you look further down, it’s a threatening clause: If you don’t go to check and check, you will be fined 50 yuan, and the landlord will be fined up to 30,000 yuan if you sit together. .It's scary, it's reminiscent of the Lian Bao Lian Zuo of the feudal dynasty.I'm just a businessman who came to Guangdong. Thinking about supporting the Guangzhou Asian Games, I still understand the painstaking efforts of the government.Next is how I personally experienced the process of applying for a residence permit.Yesterday afternoon, I brought the relevant provincial certificates to the sub-district office. I thought that as long as I filled out the form and submitted the relevant certificates, and then paid some photo-taking fees and official expenses for the certificate, I would be done routinely. But the development of the matter far exceeded my imagination. I was told: I still have to pay "a floating population management fee of 2.5 yuan per month, and a security management fee of 4.5 yuan per month."One-time annual payment. In addition to presenting the relevant personal certificates to apply for a residence permit, the landlord's house lease certificate and tax payment certificate must first be issued by the neighborhood committee.Things got a little confusing at this point.I called the landlord to explain the situation to her, but the landlord said that she does not have a house lease certificate, and if you insist, you can move.This is where I'm really confused. ...The problem is that now I am a mouse in the bellows and suffer from both sides. One is that I will be fined 50 yuan if I do not apply for a permit, and the other is that the landlord does not have a lease certificate and is unwilling to reapply for this certificate or I can move.Now that the rent price is skyrocketing, it is unrealistic for me to abandon the original price contract and look for a house again. God, whether the landlord has paid taxes has nothing to do with whether I get a residence permit. This is originally a matter of your government department. Why do you force us? tied to the landlord.Is your government department lazy or greedy.So I decided to give up applying for a residence permit.The days to come are conceivable, and the horror of me being a man with my tail between my legs to prevent someone knocking on the door at night to harass me has returned. The reform of residence permits is just like current affairs commentator Zhang Jingwei said: "The residence permit system is just to unify the color of the residence permits of urban and rural residents, and to unify the titles of rural and urban residents, but in fact, the connotation of rights and identity of urban and rural residents The treatment is still the same as before. Therefore, if the household registration system is only a unified document, the so-called residence permit can only be a patchwork of reform, giving the public a picture of rights that is not useful.” Although the residence permit is less "temporary" than the temporary residence permit, it is still a transit point for the household registration reform.Even if it is implemented, it still cannot fundamentally return the right to freedom to the floating population. In May 2010, "Guangzhou Daily" reported a piece of news about tens of thousands of people in Guangzhou who were delayed in marriage due to collective household registration.And on the Tianya Forum, a post titled "Collective Hukou Cannot Get Married" also attracted "tourists" to stop one after another.The poster "PSYG" said that the "embarrassing incident" he encountered was an "upgraded version" of the impossibility of getting married with a collective account, and asked netizens to give their advice. He said that he is a foreigner who works in Guangzhou after graduating from university. Because his unit has no personnel rights, the unit handles the unified registration in the talent market and becomes a member of the collective account.The sky-high housing prices in the urban area forced him to focus on cheap houses in the suburbs. "I bought a house some time ago. By mistake, I bought a house on the border of Guangzhou and Foshan. The real estate belongs to Foshan. I planned to get married, but found that the collective account does not allow marriage. If I want to get married, I have to move out within a month." There are only a few ways left for him to go: (1) Save more money and buy an old house with a registered permanent residence in downtown Guangzhou (however, it will take several years before this is possible, and the housing price will not continue to rise. under the premise). (2) Sell the newly bought house, and then look for a house in the urban area (this estimate is not so fast, selling a house and then buying a house, it takes a lot of hard work, and you have to lose money). (3) Wait for the house in Foshan to be completed (it will be handed over at the end of the year), and move the household registration to Foshan (it will probably take a year or two, and it will not be so easy to move the household registration back when the time comes). (4) Move the account back to the hometown (this is estimated to be the fastest, but the cost of going back and forth is too high, and it will take a lot of work to use the account every time). (5) Take out the household registration card from the talent market and go to get married. It is said that the Civil Affairs Bureau will stamp the card.I lost the card after completing the formalities, and then reported it as lost. I don’t know if I can deceive the talent market (this is risky, and even if the marriage is successful, I still need to issue a certificate in the future to have a child. When the time comes, the lie will be self-defeating, it’s just a delay) . As soon as this post was published, people flocked to offer their opinions and suggestions on the Internet. Some people imitated the main writing method of the post and replied humorously: (1) Sue the talent center, he violated your marriage right, which is unconstitutional.But this is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it offends people. (2) If you don’t find it troublesome and don’t want this Guangzhou collective account, then return the account to the place of origin and return to your parents’ account booklet.When it's done, move the account back to your house in Foshan. (3) At the end of the day, I will consider buying a new house in Guangzhou and then settle down.The post owner replied: After comparing and comparing, it is better not to get married for the time being. Many people like "PSYG" who have stagnated marriage due to collective household registration have almost all experienced this sad incident.These sad incidents have led to the rise of the "household" industry in Guangzhou.The so-called "account opening" is to handle the formalities of transferring the "account opening" of the collective account of the Guangzhou talent market to the account of relatives or friends (intra-city migration). The form of "account opening" includes collective households "opening households" into individual households, and collective households "opening households" into collective households.To set up a personal account, you need to provide relatives and friends yourself, otherwise you can only set up a collective account of another company on your behalf, and you can get married. A human resources company in Tianhe is in charge of this business.It is said that the current price of "Take House" Yuexiu is 5,000 yuan, while the price of "Take House" Tianhe is 3,000 Yuan.Generally, all business can be completed within 5-10 working days, and the payment will be collected after successful completion.Thereafter, a management fee of 500 yuan shall be paid each year. Such a cycle has become a difficult problem for Goldbach's conjecture, and it has forced many people to stop at the gate of "collective household registration". Just like Wang Yu, who is from Hainan, feared, she has found a stable job after graduating from a university in Guangzhou.But to enter this unit, her account still has to be attached to the collective account of the talent market.She thinks, "I still hope to find a unit that can help me settle the account. If the account is always attached to the talent market, it will be relatively inconvenient for my life in Guangzhou." Moreover, the account is attached to the talent market. On the collective account, in addition to paying a certain amount of affiliation fee every year, if you want to get married, you will also encounter the predicament of delayed marriage faced by the tens of thousands of people above. Social ethicist Magritte mentioned in the book "Decent Society", "Don't let the social system humiliate anyone in the society".That is to say, a little flaw or defect in the social system will cause harm to a considerable number of people. From a small point of view, it is to make personal life inconvenient, but to a large point of view, it is to trample on the rights and dignity of a group, making them live in a single way. It is an unbearable and even humiliating way to deal with the rigidity and indifference of the system.Now, even the sacred right to marry is being hijacked by so-called household registration. Since a long time ago, household registration has become a wall for people who come to Guangzhou and Shenzhen. This wall is described by Shu Ting: "At night, the wall comes alive, stretching out soft pseudopods, squeezing me, blackmailing me, and demanding me To adapt to every shape. I fled to the street in horror to find the same nightmare hanging on everyone's heels, with shrunken eyes and cold walls! I finally understood that I must first resist It's my compromise with the wall, and my insecurities with the world."