Chapter 20 Chapter Nineteenth Century Nirvana Song

On a certain day in mid-September 1994, two young students in shabby clothes came to the gate of the State Education Commission. Regardless of the guard's obstruction, they read aloud: "Hey, report, there are two students who look like students at the door shouting anti-poems with bad content, do you want to deal with them?" The young guard grabbed the phone nervously. "Don't be busy, wait for me to go out and have a look." After a while, a person in charge of a certain department walked out of the compound of the Education Commission.He had already seen the two students from a distance: "Is that you two?"

"That's right, it's the two of them." The doorman reported very seriously, "They were reading bad poems out loud here just now!" "Is that right?" "We read a poem, but it was a good poem, "For the Poor" by the great poet Goethe." The student began to retort, and read it again to the education committee official, "He doesn't understand. It's a bad poem ?" "Yes, this is a good poem. But what can you do?" the official asked the students. The student said passionately: "We just want to ask, why did the State Education Commission ask us to pay the tuition? We are from mountainous areas, so we can't afford it at all. Excuse me, sir, is the socialist university going to drive the poor out of the university?"

I see! The officials of the Education Committee kindly invited the students to the reception room, because such things had happened too many times. Yeah, why suddenly make students pay their own tuition!Why did you pay the tuition fee? There is only one answer: all for the reform of the education system! What was China at the end of the 20th century? It is a lion that has raised its head and roared. It is a chariot that has set off and is advancing rapidly on the fast track. The reform of the political system continues to deepen, the market economy revolution is surging, and the distinctive achievements of socialism have amazed the whole world!

Openness and innovation have become an irreversible trend of the times. However, during this great historical process, people unexpectedly discovered that the Chinese education circle, which has always created revolutionary theories and reform models, still dragged the old broken car of the old system, which was out of step with the times. Everyone knows that every great change in China always comes first from the education sector, but why is the current education front lagging behind China's institutional changes? The reason is only two words: lack of money. But who can deny this fact: During the nearly 20 years of reform and opening up, at the National People's Congress every year, the proposal of "increasing education funding" has been written into the government work report every year.But why still can not get the final solution?

The reason is still two words: too poor.China is still too poor. In a country with a population of 1.2 billion, more than 200 million people need to receive compulsory education, tens of millions of people receive secondary education and vocational education, more than 5 million people receive higher education, nearly 100 million people are educated, and nearly 10 million teaching staff In general, the country needs to invest in education. According to the per capita standard of Western countries, at least 50% of our country's national income should be invested in it.how?Don't care about the food of 1.2 billion people?

So, after research and research, the annual education funding is still like sesame seeds scattered on the big cake-you can see it but can't eat enough. Don't talk about education for all, just talk about higher education. In the minds of the Chinese people, after going to university, the state will manage it. Since it is "managed", of course, everything from food, housing, study, and distribution should be in charge.In fact, under the planned economy model, the state has really achieved the "full management" of "unified enrollment, free enrollment, hardship subsidies, and unified distribution".It should be admitted that when the people’s economic income is very low, in order to solve the class differences left over from history, encourage the children of workers and peasants to go to college, cultivate outstanding talents, and ensure the needs of the country’s key industries, etc., this school-running model has had positive significance.However, with the changes in the socio-economic structure and mode of operation of the entire country, the original state's all-encompassing policy has been unable to keep up with the situation, and the seriousness of the problem has increasingly been exposed.For example, if the university is regarded as a social welfare enterprise, the state pays for it, the students are free, and the school has how much money it has to do as many things, which greatly dampens the enthusiasm and creativity of the educational unit.What followed was a serious lag in the macro-education mechanism, school-running mechanism, micro-level professional setting, curriculum setting, etc., and the stagnation of social development.The long-term level of national education funding hovering at 12% can only maintain the "capital expenses" of educational units, and all other things they want to do can only be "a clever woman can't cook without rice".

In the 1980s and early 1990s, the education department explored and implemented systems such as commissioned training, substitute training, and self-funded systems, in an attempt to alleviate the shortage of education funds.The result is either that there is a problem of "scores are not enough money to make up", or that some universities insist on teaching quality and refuse to recruit this type of "Wei Peisheng". In addition, Wei Peisheng also brings many problems in the distribution. In 1994, after repeated investigations and demonstrations, the state decided to implement the fee-paying school system from the initial pilot to the final colleges and universities.

for what?It is very clear that for the sake of the country, we cannot always carry a big burden.In western developed countries, public schools account for only 20 to 30 percent, while we, a developing and poor country, are 100 percent funded by the state to run colleges and universities.Regardless of how much investment a university needs in a year, the average annual cost for one student alone is 10,000 yuan, and more than 5 million students are more than 50 billion yuan!What needs to be pointed out is that when the country is increasingly struggling with the burden of such students, on the other hand, the bank deposits of households across the country are growing at a rate of 30% every year. By the end of 1997, the total personal deposits reached 5 trillion!

Individual pockets are constantly expanding, but they are unwilling to pay a penny for their children to receive higher education. It is almost impossible for such a country not to be dragged down in the end. Let’s look at this phenomenon again: In July 1997, a hotel owner in Wenzhou, Zhejiang published an advertisement in a local newspaper, openly recruiting a full-time tutor for his daughter, and promised that the student’s annual grades would jump to the top five in the class after teaching, and the award would be awarded. 3,000 yuan for tutors, and 8,000 yuan for the top 10 students in the grade.If you finally pass the university entrance examination, you will receive a one-time heavy reward of 150,000 yuan.The usual salary of a tutor: food and accommodation are included, the bedroom is equipped with air conditioner, computer, and TV, and the monthly salary is more than 1,200 yuan.

It is almost a common phenomenon in society that they can pay huge sums of money to hire tutors and find good middle schools for their children to go to college.You only need to look at the fierce gunpowder of the "high school entrance examination" and the actions of parents at all costs in order to choose a good school for their children. Who can say how many of them are not for their children to go to college?Since middle school is willing or fully able to afford thousands or tens of thousands of high fees, it should be a matter of course that universities charge fees! Out of the overall situation and the actual situation of the people, the government and the education department finally made a major decision that they will have to pay fees when they go to college in the future.

This is a shock to the Chinese people.In fact, it came too late, and the reason why it sounded was out of helplessness, and the reason why it sounded so late is also out of helplessness—there are still hundreds of millions of families in China who are still at a low level where the economy cannot be self-sufficient.The state therefore still bears about 80% of the total cost of education for each student. The People's Republic thinks about the people.At the same time, the state takes into account the situation of professional colleges and universities in some special industries, and stipulates that college students who enjoy national professional scholarships in agriculture, forestry, geology, petroleum, teacher training, sports, navigation, ethnic and other professional schools are exempted from paying tuition fees. According to the measurement of the education department and relevant social survey agencies, the annual expenses for each college student after charging are between 6,000 yuan and 10,000 yuan, which is affordable by most families.The education department believes that according to market economic theory, a college student will get a huge return in his lifetime after graduation, compared with the 20,000 to 30,000 yuan spent during college, which is very small. The accounts of the state, clean and favorable, are beyond reproach. However, university fees are still a shock to tens of thousands of families. There are two reasons for such a huge shock: traditional habitual awareness and unbearable economic difficulties. The former is a concept update, a problem that can be solved by persuasion and education.The latter is a valley that cannot be crossed in a day. Who will fill it up? Statistics show that students from rural and remote areas in universities account for more than 60% of the total. There are also data that show that the current per capita annual income in rural my country is around 1,200 yuan. The two materials illustrate a problem, that is, in rural areas, if a college student is born in a family, the whole family's annual economic income will basically be used for this student.If this conjecture is true, then at least half of the families with children who go to college in rural areas will be financially troubled by it.Note: Here we are not talking about families living below the poverty line. Another phenomenon that cannot be underestimated is that the number of laid-off workers among urban residents has increased significantly in recent years, and more than 10% of college students in urban families also face the trouble of not being able to pay tuition fees and living expenses. As a result, poor students in universities account for about 20% of the total number of students, of which 5% to 8% are extremely poor students. The number of about 1/5 is not a decimal. If 1 million impoverished students receive 100 yuan per person per year, it will be 100 million yuan.100 yuan per year can't solve any problems. If it solves the problem, it needs about 100 yuan a month to help the poor, which is 1 billion. 1 billion is not a large amount for the country, but how much is the country's total education expenditure for the whole year?Therefore, the "last bastion" of China's system reform-education reform must break through, and the 1 million poor students are the "fortress" of its "fortress". Where is the way out? There are only two ways out: society and the school itself. Harvard really can't learn? There is a book on the market called "Harvard Can't Learn It" that has been popular for a long time. As a world-renowned cradle of business management talents, Harvard has its remarkable genius-style management mechanism.Just look at the open campus with no school gate, full of academic atmosphere everywhere, as well as the high-spirited gait of the students, and the unwavering look of the students, you will have the feeling that this place is "No. 1 in the world". Yeah, why is Harvard so awesome? One day after a winter snow in December 1997, I stood in front of Harvard, the founder of Harvard University, and silently asked this academic fighter half-clothed in snowflakes.Harvard did not answer me, only the gusts of cold wind made my stomach unaccustomed to Western food unbearable, and I had to leave quickly.A trip to Harvard, in addition to leaving a few photos, learned nothing. Most tourists are like this. But is it the same for educators? Harvard is really unusual. It can get 1 billion US dollars in funding from the government every year, which is only a fraction. Harvard has received more than 10 billion US dollars of social funding from all over the world.This is Harvard's strongest backing.Although more than 10 billion US dollars is not necessarily related to the production of more than a dozen Nobel Prize winners, the annual salary of Harvard University professors is definitely the most lucrative among universities in the world.Here, there are many teachers whose salaries exceed the salary of the President of the United States.The highest award for Harvard student scholarships is more than 100,000 US dollars, and the scholarships for ordinary students are also thousands or tens of thousands.Harvard students are truly "not dropping out of school because of poverty".If you want to get into Harvard, if you don't have $40,000 or 50,000 a year, don't go to this place. Of course, if you are a rich man, you must have a genius head. Harvard is a typical example of running a social school.You want to get the honor of Harvard, the door here is open, so-and-so research center, such-and-such teaching building, such-and-such library, as long as you have money, you can build a permanent monument here.Of course they don’t want to throw 350,000 families like the little millionaires in China, but there is never a limit on the online, and Harvard has never “smiled” to the sponsorship of millions, tens of millions, or even hundreds of millions of dollars.Unlike Oxford in Britain, in 1996, a rich man in Saudi Arabia offered to support the school with 34 million US dollars out of gratitude. The directors of Oxford University rejected such a large sum of money with 259 votes against and 241 votes in favor.Harvard won't do that.This is the difference between American gentleman educators and British gentleman educators. What can Chinese universities learn from Harvard?Someone might immediately say that it is impossible. But such conclusions are too early. It was unimaginable in China's educational circle under the planned economy in the past to run universities by social forces. However, with the reform and opening up policy in recent years, China's social forces have begun to see signs of running universities.Shantou University, which Li Ka-shing invested 4 billion yuan to build, is the first "mini-Harvard" in China's special economic zone. The students here are not poor, unless you don't work hard.If you go to Peking University, Tsinghua University, Nanjing University, Fudan University, Zhongshan University, Zhejiang University and other famous campuses, you will find that almost all the latest and best buildings on the campus are named after someone, that is to say, they are all named after someone Built with sponsorship. The person in charge of the Tsinghua University Education Foundation told me that since the early 1990s, Tsinghua's annual investment in self-raised funds from the society and the school has exceeded the state's appropriation.Taking 1995 as an example, in Tsinghua University's total income, the government's operating expenses appropriation accounted for only 29%, and the school's social funding and income from scientific research, production, and training accounted for more than 70%.It can be seen that seeking social donations is already an important way for those famous universities in China to live a relatively better life.The person in charge said that the number of impoverished students in Tsinghua University is not small, more than 1,300 every year.The reason why Tsinghua University has been able to ensure that none of this huge "poverty army" dropped out of school due to economic poverty in the past few years is largely because they have received a large amount of funds from social subsidies in addition to being exempted from tuition fees in accordance with the policy. Guarantee various subsidies of not less than 1,000 yuan per capita for poor students.In the small building of the Tsinghua University Foundation, there is a line of words that is very eye-catching: "A year's plan is like planting valleys; a ten-year plan is like trees; a lifelong plan is like cultivating people. One tree, one reaper, is the valley; One tree that gets ten fruits is a tree; one tree that makes a hundred harvests is a man.” Tsinghua people are too aware of the strategy of educating people, so they regard the establishment of education funds with social donations as the main source as the cultivation of “big trees” Of. The "big tree" has luxuriant leaves, and people under the "big tree" can enjoy the shade. The good news is that Tsinghua University is not the only one.Many colleges and universities have now regarded seeking social funding as an important channel for raising funds such as running a good school and reducing the pressure on poor students.Practice has also proved this point: in any school with good social donations, the work of poor students there will be done solidly and effectively.The opposite is not the case. The reason why the "poor school families without help" I mentioned above are in trouble is that they have no "source" and no "big tree".What needs to be noted here is that in addition to strengthening the work of the school itself, social donors should also pay attention to the direction of donations, and should not just focus on the few famous universities that can improve their reputation and name. .In fact, a bucket of water may not have any effect on the towering trees that are already flourishing, but a bucket of water will be the resurrection of life for those seedlings that are dying due to drought. All people of insight should do more things to help. There is an old saying in China that goes, "Many people gather firewood, and a flame grows taller."However, looking at Chinese universities' efforts to change their funding pressures, it is not prominent who actually use this phrase.At present, most of our colleges and universities only focus on the rich people from "Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan", and seldom pay attention to using their own special advantages in an orderly manner to set their sights on the wealthy classes in China.There are many poor people in China, but there are also many rich people in China now.The American "Forbes" magazine once published an article saying that at least 40 million people in China have entered the wealthy class, and there are 10 million households with an annual income of more than 50,000 yuan.These families and the wealthy earn about 5,700 yuan per person per year from deposit interest alone.I've heard that some people spend more than 100,000 yuan for a table of meals, and can "soak" 8,000 yuan in a bath.Through a variety of methods, let these people save a few meals from the gap between their teeth, and our millions of poor college students will not have to worry about it for a year! This is not a dream.If you go abroad, you can find numerous information brochures on private scholarships in libraries and bookstores.Donors included in the list may not all be rich, on the contrary, most of them are ordinary company employees, retired soldiers, clergy, and even children who inherit inheritance.This is a bit like China's "Hope Project", but they are more regulated, and donors regard it as a sacred obligation, and they can rest assured that the donations are transparently tracked. The difference between Westerners and us when organizing donations for social welfare causes is that they hardly adopt any movement-like momentum, but pay great attention to science and norms.The Chinese have a lot to learn, and this is one example. For the time being, China does not have the Arab oil tycoons sending piles of gold to Harvard with the big "Lincoln", but China has more hands than any other country in the world. It may be a few Harvard gold mines! Heh, at this point, don't think that Harvard is so easy to learn.Harvard still has its eternal charm.Once, the president of a world-renowned computer software company asked Harvard to accept his ignorant grandson on the condition of $100 million a year, and asked that at least half of the classroom cases in the next two years should be about their company or the computer industry of.The board of directors of Harvard school immediately refused. They said that admitting an uneducated person into the school meant that another outstanding young man who should have entered Harvard was rejected from Harvard. This was an insult to Harvard.This example reminds me of one thing that the person in charge of the All-China Federation of Students once mentioned: that is, as the school and the poor students themselves, how to deal with social donations in a reasonable and reasonable way in the face of "everyone is picking up firewood" is also an issue that cannot be ignored. The problem.We are a nation that does good deeds and accumulates virtues. The traditional virtue of "one side is in trouble and all sides support it" has been formed for thousands of years, which can be seen everywhere.Now, when the problem of impoverished college students is revealed, there are not a few people from all walks of life who donate generously.Facing the "pie falling from the sky", the vast majority of impoverished students can treat it correctly and properly dispose of the donations they receive, and repay the love given by people with their hard study and dedication to serve the motherland wholeheartedly.However, once some sponsored students have "pie" to eat, their "appetite" grows bigger and bigger, and the spirit of fighting against fate in the past also disappears. Some even take a piece of love donated by others Pursue a life of luxury.For this reason, the person in charge of the All-China Federation of Students pointed out that it is hoped that when all sectors of society show love and donate to poor students, it is best to go through specialized organizations such as the "National Federation of Students Relief and Aid Center".In this way, various ways can be used to ensure that every donation is actually implemented, and it can also avoid the ills caused by individual recipients suddenly "getting rich" overnight.It is also one of the important contents of the "Harvard spirit" to make every penny play a role in a standardized, scientific, reasonable and effective way. We might as well take it over. After singing the wonderful song of "Harvard" in China, we should not forget the advantages of the university itself.Almost all authoritative figures think so: the final battlefield of China's education reform is the campus.As one of the content of the decisive battle, the problem of poor students, the ultimate way out is naturally on campus. What does the campus offer?someone asked. The campus has it all.Someone answered. This is madness.someone said. This is a fact.Humane. In fact, there is only one step between fantasy and reality.That is: if you are poor, you want to change, and the road leads to the sky; if you are poor, you are lazy, and there is a road but also a ditch. On July 10, 1998, I went to Beijing Normal University, which was the earliest work-study program in colleges and universities and had considerable advantages.A simple statistic I got is that among the more than 6,000 undergraduates in this school, 16% of them are impoverished, or about 930.Since the establishment of the "Family Education Center" in this school ten years ago, there are only one work-study program for tutoring, and about 1,200 people participate in it every year.That’s not counting the other 1,000 or so tutors I’ve contacted myself.A tutoring student earns 200 yuan a month, calculated as 10 months a year, and all students in the school can earn at least 2.4 million yuan of work-study income for only tutoring.Most of the impoverished students here "get rid of poverty" or even "well-off" by engaging in tutoring. The unique advantages of Beijing Normal University are beyond the reach of others.Then Anshan Iron and Steel Institute, which is in the "hardest-hit area" of laid-offs, can give those "poor schools without help" a mental shock. In Anshan Iron and Steel Institute, except for some limited positions within the school that poor students can undertake, all the work-study positions outside the school are almost occupied by the laid-off army in the society.what to do?The leaders of the college had an idea, there is a piece of wasteland in the north of the campus that has been vacant all the time!Yes, open up wasteland and farm.So the college mobilized from top to bottom, and soon opened up more than 80 acres of arable land for vegetable crops. "The school pays for the seeds and farming funds, and you are responsible for the labor and farming management..." The principal gave an order, and those impoverished students imitated the "Nanniwan" spirit of the year, and used their spare time and holidays every day to pick up picks and swing hoes. , Fertilization and weeding, unlimited fun.In the spring, they sowed the seeds and harvested the fruits in the autumn. The school cafeteria was thus filled with delicacies, and the poor students exchanged their labor sweat for gratifying rewards... Some people will say that there is no wasteland on our campus to cultivate. Then compare Xuzhou Coal Construction Engineering School. Living expenses have always been the biggest expense for poor students, and living expenses below 150 yuan per month can be classified as "poor people".But the students feel heavy, how much famine can the 150 yuan a month of living expenses solve?The limited money still can't fill the hungry stomach, and the poor students are all suffering from this.Many schools are helpless about this. However, Xuzhou Coal Construction Engineering School is not like this.They carried out reforms on this, streamlining the logistics management personnel, leaving no one idle in the catering department; The price and profit, type and quality of the stalls and canteens must be implemented in accordance with the regulations. Any excess will be fined 10, and any loss will be deducted 100.In this way, the students have truly become gods. In order to attract many students whose monthly living expenses are around 100 yuan, the operators try to lower the cost, increase the variety, and improve the quality.In today's campus, with about 100 yuan a month, you can eat comfortably without looking shabby; if you spend 150 yuan, you can eat more than enough.If you don’t believe me, you can go to Xuzhou Coal Construction Engineering School for a walk, and you can enjoy more than 100 kinds of stir-fries and more than 30 kinds of staple foods.Such cheap and delicious food, what else do poor people ask for? The above is just a reference.However, the shadow of the sun can be seen in the dripping water. The campus is a small society. A university with ten thousand people will bring about a small society with ten thousand people. They rely on the ten thousand people on campus to survive and even get rich.The Tibet Institute for Nationalities, located in Xianyang, Shaanxi, can be said to be the lowest school among thousands of universities in China. The level of poverty there is shocking.But the "Cross Street" that prospered on the road outside their wall is very famous in the local area.Whenever night falls, the place will be full of lights and feasting, and it is very lively.According to the people in the school, this street alone, the annual tax income of the local street is more than 2.3 million!The president of the Tibet Institute for Nationalities said that as long as he has 1/10 of the income each year, the poor students in the whole school can be basically "lifted out of poverty". Why is the fat and water under the nose being intercepted by others?Of course, there are local problems, isn't it related to the lack of pioneering spirit of the school itself? A "Founder" of Peking University can go to the United States to earn "foreign money" and spend it back, so can our "Eastern University" and "Western University" use their brains to tap their own advantages and get some "earth money" for poor students How about some food and some clothes? It's all possible.As long as we really work hard. In foreign countries, you can often hear this sentence: "If you want to survive, you must declare bankruptcy; if you want to survive, you must quickly take credit." Going to university on credit is a common and common thing in the United States and other Western countries.Accepting higher education is an investment, which has long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people in Western countries.Therefore, they regard it as a right to borrow money from financial institutions when faced with "investment" difficulties. The Chinese are not.Chinese people love face too much, even though they are skinny, they still want to slap their cheeks to look fat. As early as 1986, when colleges and universities had not yet implemented the fee collection system, the State Council issued Document No. [86] in that year, stipulating that student loans should be "provided by the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and included in the national credit fund plan" and that "students should repay the loan funds only Restoration amount. The interest calculated by the bank at a low rate is paid by the school from the state-approved budget for institutions of higher learning." Since then, there has been a saying in colleges and universities that students can take loans to study.After the system is merged, almost all colleges and universities across the country regard "loans" as one of the six major measures to solve the problem of poor students, including rewards, subsidies, attendance, subsidies, and exemptions.However, in stark contrast to other loans, student loans have never been promoted.Many universities do not pay out the pre-arranged loan amount every year. While students are shouting that they are extremely poor, on the other hand, hundreds of thousands or even millions of loans are lying there and no one cares about them. Some people say that this is the psychological pathology of the Chinese people, while others say that the Chinese people lack financial awareness.In fact, the main reason why students are reluctant to take out loans lies in the imperfection of the loans themselves.Usually, the school is afraid that the students will not repay the loans, so they suppress this behavior by withholding graduation certificates, which undoubtedly makes the students lose a lot of enthusiasm for loans.On the other hand, students who take out loans are afraid of the principal plus interest, adding to the burden. Through this phenomenon, when we go deeper, we will find that the fundamental reason is the irrationality of policies and mechanisms.The National Industrial and Commercial Bank of China [86] No. 351 document stipulates: "Ordinary colleges and universities must allocate part of the funds approved by the competent department and deposit them in the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China student award and student loan account as the source of funds for school student loans,... ...The loan shall not be greater than the deposit. The loan interest rate is preferentially given by the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, tentatively set at 0.25% per month (3% per annum) and collected quarterly. According to the regulations, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China received funds from the school and did not pay interest. Instead, the school had to pay interest on student awards and student loans to the bank. This was clearly unacceptable to the school. At present, most of the loan funds of various schools are advanced by the school itself. In order to fear that the loan will not be recovered, the negative practice of withholding the graduation certificate is generally adopted, which makes the student loan appear to be in name only.It is really puzzling that such an important measure as credit is widely used in western countries to solve those scholars who cannot pay tuition fees, but such a negative situation appears in China.It can be seen that some of the chaos and problems in our system have reached the point where they must be corrected. Since 1994, in order to alleviate the problem of poor students in colleges and universities, the state has successively used more than 500 million yuan from the "Prime Minister's Fund".Every time the country's hardship subsidy is distributed to the students, their hearts are full of gratitude, and their eyes are full of crystal tears.However, it didn't take long for the students to struggle again on the helpless poverty line.They are looking forward to when the "difficulty subsidy" will be issued again, but they are more disappointed... So the students called on the country to introduce an alternative measure, a college student credit policy that is in line with China's national conditions. The core issue surrounding the loan is whether the student can repay the loan on time.The reason why the current general policy of "going to school to borrow money and repaying the money after graduation" does not work is that it does not meet the reality of poor students.It is conceivable that a college student who relies on loans to complete his studies, if he does not have abnormal behaviors and means, how can he get a high amount of money when he graduates?It may be instructive to take a look at the practices of foreign universities.For example, the UK stipulates that students can pay off the principal and interest in 60 installments within 5 years after graduation, while the US requires paying off the principal and interest in 120 installments within 10 years.Sweden pays off every six months and pays off within 20 years. It can be seen from the above that the methods adopted by these countries are long-term and high-frequency. This is done in consideration of the actual situation of college students after employment, that is, knowing that your salary after graduation is not very much, or you still have certain difficulties, but you You must also always remember that you are responsible for repaying the loan.As an expert said: "Going to college with a loan adds a kind of debt and a kind of pressure to the extremely poor students, but it also adds a sense of self-reliance. It is not so much a kind of pressure to repay the loan. It’s more motivation, more perseverance.” With the change of concept, loans to go to college have now begun to be accepted by more and more people.Some people predict that this is not a small revolution for poor college students to get out of spiritual misunderstanding and material difficulties.I hope that the policy on credit will be more standardized and easier to operate. However, when we are applauding the introduction of a certain new policy, we must not forget that the root cause of the problem of poor students in colleges and universities must be solved.This is to mobilize the power of the whole party, the whole people, and the whole society to work together.The root is that we must always keep in mind that we live in a poor country. When the water rises, the boat rises.Only by building the Great Wall of flesh and blood for our decisive battle against national poverty, and only by holding high the banner of "development is the last word", can we finally bid farewell to the painful and helpless poverty. With the power of "God", let the "ivory tower" say: we bid farewell to poverty! It was another "Black July" day in 1998, which was the writing stage of my sweaty book.Occasionally I took a break and turned on the TV. It happened that one day a news program said: "After four years of hard work, the first batch of poor students in our country will all graduate this year..." According to the report, since the national education department implemented the fee consolidation system for 40 colleges and universities in 1994 After the pilot program, with the help of education departments at all levels, schools and the whole society, tens of thousands of impoverished students have successfully completed their studies and started to work.This is an important step towards the success of my country's education reform. The second report is that this year my country's Yangtze River, Northeast Nenjiang River, and Songhua River Basin have suffered from historical catastrophic floods. More than 200 million people have been affected, tens of millions of people have lost their homes, and economic losses have reached 200 billion yuan. The disaster has exceeded previous years... The former comforts me, the latter worries me.Even so, I'm still worried.Because, the first news, I think it can only be basically accurate. In fact, apart from famous universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua University, Nanjing University, Fudan University, etc., as far as I know, there are still many ordinary colleges and universities where poor students drop out halfway. The phenomenon.Second, many impoverished students live in rural areas. Many of them, who are already in difficulty, have suffered disasters in their families. This will undoubtedly make their future school years even worse.And at this time, the 1998 million freshmen of Chinese universities have already set off.In this mighty new army, we will not be uncommon to see those pitiful figures of those students who are barefoot, carrying two plastic bags of luggage, and whose faces are obviously lacking in nutrition...they will undoubtedly become Another part of the "Millions of Poor College Students." It is gratifying that after the disaster, governments at all levels and universities from the central to local governments have taken measures to set up "green channels" for some students from the disaster-stricken areas to enroll, so that they do not have to worry about not being able to pay tuition fees . But the students from the disaster areas still have a few years to study, their homes need to be rebuilt, and the economic poverty will plague them for a long time. How to deal with them and how they deal with the campus is our government, schools and New issues and long-term tasks that all conscientious people in the whole society must think about together. What is especially worth sobering is that this year, college students enrolled in the disaster area accounted for only 2% of the total number of impoverished students in colleges and universities. We have taken special care of the impoverished students in the disaster area, so how to take care of the 98% impoverished students in school!How to take care of it?To what extent?Isn't this something we need to seriously consider? Now that Chinese society has entered a special transition period, even problems like poverty seem to pop up all at once.For example, there are 80 million poor people in poverty-stricken areas, as well as "Poor Mothers", "Action to Help Tens of Millions of Disabled People", and the "Hope Project" that has already been huge.The burden on Chinese society is too heavy.A "Hope Project" has not yet solved many people, and another army of nearly 100 million people has been laid off, and the Asian financial crisis has come to join in the fun.Alas, it is really difficult for our central leaders and governments at all levels! However, I still want to remind people: China is in a great era of development, and the international and domestic situation is extremely favorable to us.Comrade Jiang Zemin also solemnly announced to the world at the Ninth National People's Congress: In the middle of the next century, China will experience a great national rejuvenation. So, what does national revival depend on?Of course, the most important thing is to rely on science and education.What does science and education rely on?Naturally, it depends on people who are engaged in science and education.College students are the absolute main force engaged in science and education.So it is not difficult to deduce from this that we can realize that if we save a poor student today, the timetable for the revival of the great motherland may be one second or one hour faster tomorrow. Who can guarantee that there will not be a "Nobel Prize" winner among the millions of poor college students today?Can't find a mathematical genius who completes the "1+1" Goldbach's conjecture?Not the first pioneer to find another life in the universe?不出一个使人类生命永恒不灭的遗传学大师？一切都有可能，只要我们每一个人都能伸出一双温暖的手。因为解救知识，是解救人类自己。解救有知识的年轻人，便是让所有被解救的人们获得明天最根本和最彻底的幸福与光明！ 最后，我借用“复旦沙龙”一位贫困生写的一首诗权做结束语，一方面我很喜欢这首小诗，另一方面这个学生的这首题为《请为我保留一面向阳的山坡》，道出了中国当代一群不惧贫困而仍在发愤读书的学子内心的真实企盼。诗这样写道：