Chapter 7 Chapter 6 On campus: leaving behind our shyness and brilliance

"What happened to you?" "It's nothing..." The students who came back from the winter vacation were talking and laughing in the dormitory, but Gao Deshui's mood couldn't get better.The semester just passed was his first half year in university. When he entered the university, he deeply felt how difficult it was to enter the "Holy Temple". It is only said that after receiving the admission notice, in order to collect the tuition and miscellaneous fees of several thousand yuan, he can "grey his head overnight".Gao Deshui knew that if he hadn't been lucky enough to be assisted by a company in his hometown Luoyang at that time, he might have lost his step into the "Holy Temple".At that time, Gao Deshui was really proud for a while, because many of the tens of thousands of students who were admitted to college in Luoyang were also from poor families, but there were only two students in the county who were sponsored, and Gao Deshui was one of them.Can you not be proud?The guaranteed scholarship of 150 yuan per month in the first semester made Gao Deshui feel a little tight at times, but he didn't have the sense of crisis of "everything goes well".This semester is different, everything depends on oneself.Gao Deshui has already learned from several "poor" alumni with the lowest standard of living: In a big city like Beijing, the general monthly living expenses are about 200-300 yuan.Where did so much money come from?Gao Deshui knew very well that his family, which only planted a few acres of thin land, could not afford the huge expenses, but during the winter vacation, he still hoped that when the new school year started, he could bring some money from home to at least maintain the most basic academic expenses.

But God is short-sighted.Not to mention that the severe drought caused almost no crops in the field, because the deceased grandma's mother was too sad and her negligence caused the death of only a few livestock that could be turned into money.Gao Deshui couldn't remember how he spent the first Spring Festival when he returned home after going to college. What kept appearing in front of his eyes was the scene when his mother gave him money tremblingly before leaving home: "Son, mom knows you go to school. I have to spend money for food, but my family really can’t afford it, and your father borrowed the 50 yuan to treat my illness..." How could Gao Deshui dare to accept such money, he is a dutiful son, and he should let his mother keep the money no matter what money to see a doctor.But after he got on the train, he found out that his mother still put 30 yuan in his schoolbag.

Gao Deshui returned to the campus in Beijing with the 30 yuan. 30 yuan, plus the non-staple food subsidy of dozens of yuan per person per month issued by the school, Gao Deshui felt that it was impossible to maintain the most basic college life.One thing he never told anyone was that when he opened lunch on the first day of the new school year, everyone else went to the dining hall, but he hid in the toilet-he didn't take a shit, but Go and have a look... Well, he really didn't want to start talking, because this thing is too sloppy.Let's just say, there is nothing to hide about the poor.He said that he suddenly remembered the situation when he was in high school. At that time, he had no money, and his daily food expenses were reduced to less than one yuan.Several times he ran to the toilet because he had no money, because those careless students often accidentally dropped the food tickets in their pockets by the side when squatting in the pit, or even fell into the pit.When he was in a hurry, he picked up the vegetable ticket from the pit beside the pit when no one was around, and rushed to use it.Now it is a university, and students do not use meal tickets as meal cards, but there are still many people who drop money and throw steel coins when going to the toilet.Gao Deshui has nowhere to go, but he wants to solve the urgent need by "revisiting" the "toilet way" in middle school.However, the classmates were very "smart" that day, and Gao Deshui got nothing when he came out of the toilet, but later he said that he got nothing thanks to this, because otherwise, he would always feel that this was an indelible humiliation in his college career.

Life has to go on, and studies have to be completed.Gao Deshui walked into the Youth League Committee of the school when he had nowhere to go. He heard that a work-study guidance center was being planned there to help students with financial difficulties. "Our work has just started. Would you be willing to arrange for you to clean the north building of the school? The temporary workers who were hired there have left and just need people." The teacher said to him in a discussing tone, "cleaning twice a day in the morning and evening. , 100 yuan a month, do you think it will work?"

"Okay!" Gao Deshui didn't even hesitate when he heard that he had a monthly income of 100 yuan.Afterwards, he said that at that time, the teacher said that he would not give up if he gave 50 yuan a month to dig dung and ditches. "I can continue my studies when I have food money. This is the most fundamental thing." When did he wake up the next day, Gao Deshui still can't tell the exact time. "Anyway, after cleaning the corridors assigned by the teacher, I went back and took a nap for a while before I heard the wake-up call..." He said that he got up so early, on the one hand, he was very excited on the first day of work and wanted to do things well. People are more satisfied, and on the other hand, it also prevents the students from seeing that they don't look good.But later, Gao Deshui's cleaning of the corridor was still known to the students, so some people looked at him with envy, and more people cast surprise at him.Whether it is envy or surprise, Gao Deshui has since become an official employee of the school's work-study program. From the beginning of the contract to sweep the first floor of the corridor to the contract of the third floor of the corridor, the monthly income is fixed at about 300 yuan... In July 1998, Gao Deshui successfully completed four years of university studies, and was accepted by Luoyang Tractor Factory, a well-known state-owned large enterprise in his hometown, with excellent results.

In the huge team of work-study college students and the long history of higher education, Gao Deshui is neither the most prominent one, nor the first "crab eater". The four words "work-study" may have been born simultaneously since human beings had universities.Not far away, from the first generation of Chinese higher education pioneers Yan Fu and Cai Yuanpei who worked as dock workers while studying abroad, to the founders of New China Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping worked and studied in France, and Mao Zedong worked as an administrator in the library of Peking University. In the story of "work-study program", "work-study program" has long been a precious spirit of college students and has been recorded in history.As for foreign countries, it is not surprising that the son of the president goes to the restaurant to wash the dishes, and the daughter of the richest man goes to the amusement park as a receptionist.The current president of the United States, Clinton, worked as a handyman for several years when he was in college.The new generation of Chinese college students after the founding of the Republic also set off a vigorous work-study craze after the famous speech made by Comrade Liu Shaoqi, the President of the country.However, the more significance of these "work-study programs" in the past was to cultivate the self-quality of college students.In particular, college students in New China, after the people turned their backs and made decisions, have continued the system of "going to school depends on the state", and they don't have to worry about life after school.During those 30 to 40 years, our college students were the real "Heavenly Proud Sons". They were paid by the state when they entered school, and they were allocated by the state after graduation. All they had to worry about was to study hard in class.However, the situation after the "merger" is no longer like this. Not to mention the tuition and miscellaneous fees of several thousand yuan a year caught many poor students and parents by surprise, and the problem of eating after school alone made the students worry to death.The school's limited "awards, studies, loans, subsidies, and exemptions" are often just "icing on the cake" for those students who do not have to worry about food and clothing and have good grades. The students can only "add frost to the snow" and struggle hard.

Gao Deshui is a college student in the 94th grade. Although he could not be regarded as a pioneer in the army of work-study programs, as a poor student in the "merger pilot" school at that time, he was a member of the "work-study post for poor students" arranged and specially set up by the school. , he belongs to the "pioneer" among the thousands of job seekers today. Since it is "first", it contains brave actions ahead of others, and also has the spirit of breaking the previous tradition.College students work in the school "work-study program" for their own survival. The school can't provide more funds to subsidize or exempt the poor students to work. This incident was passed on by teachers and students and disclosed by the news media. Opinions vary.

First, some professors found it difficult to understand—— "Shame, you got three 'red lights' in the exam, what's the use of sweeping the corridor so clean?" An old professor furiously pointed at the nose of the students who were sweeping the corridor, cursing from the third floor to the first floor, Later, he publicly said in class, "Goodbye XX sweeping the corridors during evening self-study, and let him never attend my class!" Secondly, some parents do not understand—— Liu in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province is a laid-off worker. Every month, he would send two or three hundred yuan to his son who is studying at university in Wuhan.Last month, my son wrote in a letter saying, "Dad, stop sending money. I already have a job at school that earns more than 200 yuan a month..." Liu read the letter and took the train to Wuhan overnight.He ran into the student dormitory, and his classmates told him that your son was helping the kitchen in the cafeteria.Liu broke into the cafeteria and saw that, as expected, his son was wearing an apron, washing pots and dishes with the cafeteria masters, sweating profusely.Liu was so angry that he picked up a wooden stick and slashed at his son: "You little bastard, who told you to come to the university to be the leader of the gang! Kneel down, if you don't make a promise today, you will come back tomorrow!" If you don’t come here to work again, don’t recognize me as a father!” Later, the son really knelt down, crying and promised his father that he would never work again. "Well, aren't you afraid you won't have money to use? I got the 800 yuan from selling blood last week. You take it first, and I'll send you 800 yuan every two months!" Liu pulled out a handful from his pocket. He threw the money to his son and left the school without looking back.

Again, some people in the society don’t understand—— The principal of a certain university in Shanghai once received several such letters: You are in vain as the principal of a famous university. I heard that you drove several "champions" in our area from the classroom to the school's toilets, cafeterias, and even went to school. The teacher's family went to be a "job".May I ask you, Mr. President, do you know how our students went to college?They were sent to college with the pool of one yuan and one yuan each from the fathers and villagers of our town!Why do we do this?That's because no one here has ever been admitted to a prestigious university, and that's because we're still waiting for them to learn something and come back to build and change the backcountry... You say you don't ask them to go to class but to do hard work , who am I sorry?

Alas!Students are wronged.The teacher is wronged.The principal is even more wronged. Professors have traditional ideas. It is understandable that parents and some people in the society do not understand the difficulties of school principals, teachers, and students.However, what is incomprehensible to many people is that the various behaviors of the many poor students in the face of "jobs" are also lamentable. Three reporters from "China Youth Daily" once reported a few stories about several universities in Wuhan—— After climbing the last flight of stairs, before I had time to catch my breath, an unpleasant smell hit my face. I saw noodles, orange peels, waste paper scraps, and cans thrown everywhere in the corridor. Several students were yelling loudly. Play football in the corridor.

More than a month ago, Building No. 4 of a certain university in Wuhan, as the first pilot project of the school's work-study program, attracted everyone's attention. "Are you here to interview Building No. 4? It can't be done, it's over." The chief of the student apartment department said with a dejected expression. I heard that a poor student surnamed Li on the fifth floor participated in this work-study program and quit working after a few days, so I wanted to talk to him. Xiao Li was not in the dormitory. One of his classmates was reviewing homework, so we chatted with him. "Why didn't Xiao Li quit?" "It's hard to say..." He scratched his head. "Is he a poor student?" "Yes, not only poor students but also extremely poor students." He said. According to this classmate, Xiao Li is from the countryside of Guangxi. He has been in school for more than three years, but he only went back once because he had no money.The family seldom sent him money and had no money to eat. They often only ate two meals a day, and sometimes only one meal.The head teacher found out and lent him the money. He had already borrowed four or five hundred yuan from the head teacher.This time, the school launched a work-study pilot program in Building No. 4, and provided the hygiene package for each floor to the extremely poor students. The head teacher recommended him. The classmate said: "He did a good job in the first week. He got up at 5 o'clock every morning and started sweeping the floor, but he didn't want to do it in the second week, and he didn't get up until he was about to go to class in the morning." "He was hungry, why did he give up this opportunity to make money so easily?" the reporter asked. "Yeah, we don't understand either," he said. The section chief told us that the pilot project in Building No. 4 had only been carried out for two weeks, and two students asked not to do it. The reaction was so strong that the school had to dismiss them all. "If they don't do it, is the salary low?" The section chief shook his head and said: "In the past, temporary workers were hired to sweep two floors, and the monthly salary was 180 yuan. Now each student only sweeps one floor, and the monthly salary is 160 yuan. We set the salary standard higher. It is a subsidy for students, and the second is that students are afraid that the standard will be set low." Talking about the reasons for the failure of the pilot project, the section chief said that objectively, there is a conflict between the cleaning time and the class time, but that can be adjusted, and personal subjective reasons are the main ones.One is that it is too embarrassing in front of classmates, and the other is that it is not worthwhile to pay more and get less.The section chief said with a heavy heart: "When we started this pilot project, we imagined that if it was successful, all the student dormitories, classrooms and campus sanitation would be provided to poor students. I didn't expect it to be like this..." They would never have imagined that the resistance to promoting work-study comes from the poor students being assisted. This kind of embarrassment also happened in a college in Shanghai. In 1996, there were 6,307 undergraduate students in the school, and the poor students whose monthly living expenses were lower than the minimum basic living expenses of 185 yuan in Shanghai accounted for 24.2%.In order to broaden work-study channels for poor students, the school has set up a work-study service center, which volunteers to find work-study opportunities for poor students.Once, an opportunity came. A department store in Shanghai was about to hold an opening ceremony. It contacted the service center and wanted to invite a few college students to help them do publicity, and each person would be paid 40 yuan a day for labor. After the "center" posted the recruitment posters, no one came to sign up for a few days, not even the poor students. The teacher of the "center" was very puzzled, so he asked them, and replied: "It's too embarrassing for us to wear cartoon costumes and jump around the door, and if you pay such a small amount of money, who wants to go?" This kind of embarrassment, the reporter also encountered on campus.When the reporter interviewed a poor student, he heard that his family was very difficult, his parents were both sick, and the family had borrowed more than 4,000 yuan in debt for him and his younger brother to go to school, so he asked him: "If you have a job sweeping the floor now, would you like it?" to do?" He opened his eyes wide and said, "Sweeping the floor? I can't ignore my personality and dignity just because I'm poor!" During an interview at a university in Wuhan, we heard such a thing.A girl from Xiangxi has a monthly living cost of less than 70 yuan due to a poor family. In order to help her, the school arranged a work-study job for her, responsible for cleaning around the student dormitory building.According to regulations, her cleaning time should be from 6:30 to 7:00 in the morning and from 4:30 to 5:00 in the afternoon.However, only at night, when the night is shrouded and there are few pedestrians on the campus, does she start cleaning... In a certain college, we saw two pay stubs, one for temporary workers and one for work-study students. Looking through these two payrolls, we found that for the same position, the salary of a student is twice as high as that of a temporary worker. In the same position, the student works less hours than a temporary worker, but the salary is much more than that of a temporary worker. The comrades in charge of the work-study program at the school told us that the two pay slips were made because they were afraid that the temporary workers would complain. There used to be a temporary worker on duty in the girls' dormitory building of the school. In order to take care of the poor students' work-study assistance, a poor student was arranged to assist on duty in each building during the summer vacation.Temporary workers work a day and night shift, with a salary of 5 to 6 yuan, and students only assist in the day shift, but get a salary of 8 yuan. Such unfairness is not uncommon in our interviews on university campuses. There were more than 10 cleaners on campus in a college, but in order to help poor students, they set up more than 100 "co-sweeping" positions. The cleaners worked 8 hours a day and took on the main task of cleaning. The monthly salary was less than 200 yuan. , while students only assist in sweeping for half an hour in the morning, noon, and evening each day, and can get 80-100 yuan a month. Only for these more than 100 "assistant sweeping" positions, the school has to pay more than 100,000 yuan in labor fees a year . We also found a strange phenomenon during our interviews. All the schools that set up cleaning assistant posts exclude toilets without exception. The toilets are all temporary workers hired from outside. Early that morning, the reporter came to the student building of a certain university, and encountered a few students who got up early sweeping the floor. When I asked, they were engaged in work-study. "Are you cleaning the toilet?" "No sweeping, we only contract the corridors, not the toilets." "Who cleans the toilet?" "Temporary workers." Later we asked a person in charge of the school: "Why don't the toilets be provided to the students?" "We are worried that the toilets will be allocated to the sanitation area, and the students will not want to do it because they are too dirty, so when contracting, it is clearly stipulated that the toilets are not included in the scope of the contract, and temporary workers are hired to do it." In the interviews in various colleges and universities, we can feel the school’s special love for poor students everywhere: a university arranges 10 poor students in the student cafeteria as food administrators, each with a monthly salary of 120 yuan, and enjoys a meal at noon free lunch.A college had no jobs to set up, so it set up a national flag class, and arranged 19 poor students to be flag raisers. The flag was raised once a week, and each student was paid 50 yuan a month for work and tuition.A university has 10 newspaper reading columns, and 10 poor students are arranged to be the newspaper column administrators. The symbolic meaning of labor is far higher than the value of labor here.However, special care and preferential treatment may not enable them to enter the society smoothly. Not long ago, such an incident happened in Wuhan.A company in the south opened a children's playground in Wuchang. The company contacted a college and recruited 10 poor students to provide safety care in the park.Unexpectedly, after working for a few days, most of the students gave up the job, and only one student stayed temporarily.For this reason, the company, the school, and the students have their own arguments. The focus of the debate is: Are poor college students a special migrant worker? The students thought that the jobs provided by the company were time-consuming and hardworking, but the pay was low, and they regarded them as cheap labor.The company believes that the work provided by the company only consumes the physical labor of the students, not the mental work.And because the labor intensity is not high, it is reasonable to take more time.As for hard work, they said that many poor students come from the countryside. Is this kind of work harder than farming? The school believes that the main task of college students is to study, and part-time work is to help students. Employers should consider these factors and give these college students special care.The company believes that since students are employed by the company, they are employees of the company, and should be treated equally with other employees in terms of management and salary. If a special group is allowed to exist, many management regulations of the company will become a dead letter when implemented.They believe that giving priority to job opportunities for poor students in colleges and universities is already taking care of them. Once employed, college students should give up their sense of superiority, abide by the rules and regulations of the company and accept the management of the company like other employees of the company. Not long after the freshmen of grade 96 entered the school, the Youth League Committee of the school sent the "Report on Further Broadening Work-Study Channels and Adding Work-Study Posts" to the desk of the school party secretary. If we want to add work-study positions in the school, it will inevitably squeeze out the jobs of temporary workers. The school's logistics management has always been relatively good. If students are replaced in various positions, will the logistics work be affected?All these considerations made the secretary dare not make a decision easily. The secretary brought this issue to the middle-level cadre meeting of the whole school.He said: "The school implemented a unified enrollment system this year, and the number of students who are poor has increased. Poor students account for 17% of the total number of students. Winter is coming. Some students don't even have cotton-padded quilts, and some students can only eat steamed buns for three meals a day. Pickles. Recently, the Youth League Committee made a report that they will add work-study positions in the school. What do you think? If you agree, please applaud." The venue fell silent, and after a while, there was a burst of applause. The secretary smiled and said: "Since everyone agrees, let's do it this way. From now on, no temporary workers will be hired for any work that can be done by students in the school, and priority will be given to poor students." Although school leaders and various departments support work-study, are students willing to do it?Can you do a good job?The Secretary of the Youth League Committee who drafted this report had no idea. A certain university across the wall from the school also provided the school’s health care to poor students, but it failed. If it also failed this time, how would it explain to the school’s logistics department?Their logistics department was doing a good job, but they just dug a piece of land from them for the students.To be on the safe side, he decided to start a pilot project in Building 5 of the student dormitory of a certain department. The general party branch of the department that accepts the pilot task is under great pressure. If the pilot fails, the responsibility is no small matter, and it will directly affect the development of the school's work-study.The deputy secretary of the general party branch of the department in charge of the pilot work took the initiative to pay a personal risk deposit of 1,000 yuan to the school, and took the risk of whether the students did well or not on himself.That is to say, if the student does well, the student gets the money, and if the student does not do well, he takes the risk. On the day when the impoverished students officially took up their posts, he personally brought more than 60 party cadres, counselors, student cadres, and party members and students to accompany the impoverished students to the post with a broom. It is necessary to take turns to accompany the poor students who work and study here to do a general cleaning. Although some people joked that this is "everyone contributes and the students get the money", everyone still consciously comes to "accompany the sweeper" at the prescribed time.The deputy secretary of the general party branch of the department told reporters that the reason for doing this is to support them morally, relieve their psychological pressure, and let them get a psychological balance. In order to support them morally, the department found a student standing at the window spitting melon seed shells downstairs, and fined him to accompany him to sweep for a week, and found that someone in the dormitory had poured tea water in the corridor, and fined the students in this dormitory to take turns to accompany him to sweep for a week. In order to succeed in the pilot, they really tried their best, but there are still some people who don't do it well.The two impoverished students who contracted the sanitation of the corridors on the third floor often did not clean up, and the garbage from each dormitory was piled up at the door.After several warnings were ineffective, they had to dismiss the two poor students. ... Afterwards, the "China Youth Daily" launched a big discussion entitled "Facing Poverty" in response to the above-mentioned phenomenon.The participants in this discussion included sociologists, ordinary workers and peasants, and more college students, especially poor students themselves. "I can't believe how those things were done by poor students like me. When I think of their behavior, I can't help but feel blush." ​​A classmate who has graduated and assigned to work in Zhangjiakou pointed out, "These Students who would rather borrow money than work, they always have that indelible sense of superiority in their hearts as soon as they enter the school. Some students themselves come from remote and poor areas where they grew up on food relief. Deep in their hearts, there is still the laziness that there will be relief when they are poor. When their stretching out their hands and waiting is not satisfied for a little bit, they tend to be extremely negative and go to extremes. You don’t know, social development has already By the end of the 20th century, college students who used to be "the favorite of heaven" are no longer "rare things". If you go to the job market, you will find that you are just an ordinary job seeker. Face the reality, every college student You should soberly give yourself the correct positioning. With the correct positioning, when you face difficulties again, you may no longer hesitate, avoid, or be overwhelmed by gossip." Another student put forward the opposite point of view: "These phenomena can't be blamed on the students. We should think from the society, the school, the teachers, the parents, etc., because some people say, "If you don't study hard, you will go to school in the future." Views such as "sweeping the street" have been instilled in us since we were very young. So I think it is normal for college students to prefer to "maintain their dignity" when they are hungry. If you want to ask why? The answer is extremely simple: still It was not what you taught at the beginning! Therefore, to change this phenomenon, the whole society needs to work together. Obviously, poor students are ashamed to sweep the floor and clean windows, which has something to do with the strange eyes around them. On the other hand, the school is kind to those living in poverty Students provide opportunities to get paid, too much 'symbolism' may cause qualitative changes in work-study programs. On the contrary, if too many students rely on part-time work for a living, how can it not affect his studies?" There was no result in the debate, but the debate made the college students have a consensus on one point, that is: the need to face up to poverty, the need for accurate self-positioning, and more importantly, the need for self-reliance.At this time, Chen Wansi, a student of the 94th grade of the Department of Business Administration of Shandong University, wrote a long letter to the editorial department of the newspaper with his own experience, giving a positive example of this debate: I always thought Chen Wansi was a boy, because the tenacious spirit revealed in his letter was not like that of a weak girl.Later, a friend from the newspaper office told me that Chen Wansi's letter was a good education for the two sides who were currently arguing.Take a look at what a girl does and thinks, what else can you argue about?As the person in charge of the All-China Federation of Students said, the work-study program is like a mirror. It raises such an important issue as how contemporary college students should treat self-reliance, and how society (including families) can encourage and help college students to be self-reliant.The reason is simple. From the perspective of the country and the nation, China's modernization and the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation depend on those who have the courage to take responsibility and have the ability to shoulder heavy responsibilities, rather than those who take the lead and reap the rewards and shirk their responsibilities.From the perspective of the personal growth of college students, without the awareness and ability of self-reliance and self-improvement, it is difficult to adapt to the competition in the society, let alone achieve a career and realize the value of life. Therefore, self-reliance and self-improvement should become a compulsory course for college students. Classmates, self-respect, self-reliance and continuous self-improvement are compulsory courses given to you by the times and society! Students, go to sign up, the work-study program will give you a confident and independent self in return! "American universities produce talents, while Chinese universities produce news", this is a saying that has been said in the Western world for a while.In fact, there is nothing wrong with the news itself, it just depends on how people understand it.How many major events in China's modern history did not first originate from the university campuses and then promote the progress of the times? However, the "news" that broke out from Chinese universities in 1996 puzzled many Westerners.Because the "campus news" of Chinese universities this year turned out to be a lively "toilet movement", and the source of this "toilet movement" turned out to be the cultivation of 200 top scientists in China and the world-China " Nanjing University, academician of the two academies! I don’t need to say much about Nanjing University. Its predecessor was the Sanjiang Normal School founded by Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Liangjiang ninety-six years ago, followed by the prestigious Nanjing Higher Normal School and National Southeast University, until the later National Central University. Now nearly a hundred years of immortal history, and we only need to take a cursory look at those who have walked out of the gate of Nanjing University such as Wu Youxun, Yan Jici, Lu Jiaxi, Zhu Kezhen, Tongdi Zhou, Ding Wenjiang, Li Siguang, Mao Yisheng, Huang Jiqing , Wu Jieping, Zhu Guangya, Weng Wenbo, Wu Zuoren, Xu Beihong, Wen Yiduo and a large number of science and humanities masters, you will be in awe of this former "Central University".How much "news" has come out of Nanjing University, I can't say.However, since Nanjing University has led the glory of "China's No. 1 University" for a long period of history, it has played an irreplaceable and unique role in the course of Chinese history in the 20th century.Nanjing University is still the most famous university in China after Peking University and Tsinghua University. In particular, its annual scientific research results and paper acceptance rate have always been ranked first among thousands of universities. "Don't talk too much, just do more." The impression I got from Nantah University can be summed up in these words. However, under the new historical conditions, a new phenomenon that suddenly appeared in colleges and universities-"poor people" in colleges and universities also raised some big and small problems for this old university.The number of students in Nantah University ranks among the top universities in the country, so its number of poor students is relatively large.Teacher Jiao Wenming from the Student Affairs Office said that Nantah University was the first batch of pilot schools for the "merger", so the problem of their poor students was exposed earlier. Since 1994, the school has planned and systematically carried out activities to help college students in need.Taking advantage of its own reputation as a famous school, the school has raised donations from all walks of life and absorbed various sources of funds.On this basis, they took the lead in setting up the "Principal's Special Award" for poor students in universities, the highest of which is 3,000 yuan.However, due to the fact that there are "few congee and many monks", this reward can only be obtained by a few students with both good character and academic excellence, and the plight of most poor students is still getting worse.Later, the school adopted policy-based subsidies and exemptions to reduce tuition and miscellaneous fees by half or completely for those extremely poor students who really had no financial resources, and at the same time subsidized 50 yuan a month for living expenses.This relief measure solves the urgent needs of many impoverished students, but the school bears a heavy burden for it.The total cost of reduction, exemption, subsidy and loan for poor students in one year is as high as more than 5 million yuan! The principals of Nantah University were troubled by an unprecedented "sudden" huge fund, and what made them even more disturbed was that the huge fund "thrown" of more than 5 million could not solve half of the nearly 2,000 impoverished students. life difficulties.what to do?The principals thought of the work-study program, and thought of setting up work-study posts in the school, specifically to give up the temporary jobs in the original library and laboratory to poor students.The first batch of 51 students worked very well after taking up their posts.Therefore, more than 200 employment posts organized by the school were also released to poor students, and the results and responses were still good.When asked why the students were willing to work in these places, the students answered very bluntly: This kind of work-study job can make money without losing their status. It is a "white-collar job", what's wrong with it?In fact, the school has already anticipated the possible effects when setting up those posts, so they can achieve "Chinese characteristics" campus work-study programs. From the very beginning, there is a kind of psychological pressure that students can bear. However, "white-collar jobs" can only benefit a few people, and there are still many poor students who do not have the opportunity to work. When the new academic year started in 1996, Nantah University decided to step up the pace of setting up posts, thus the "Chinese University 1996 'Toilet Movement'" became famous and became popular in all universities. The "toilet movement" is the colloquial term for college students who contract out toilet sanitation for their buddies.The official name of Nanjing University, where it originated, is "Student Cleaner".To put it bluntly, college students clean the toilets themselves.Nantah University has two major campuses, one of which is the new Pukou campus on the north side of the Yangtze River. There are nearly a hundred toilets in the new and old campuses of the whole school. In the past, temporary workers were hired to complete the cleaning work. The school has to pay for this money every year. More than ten thousand yuan.NTU people feel a little bit at a loss when their own students are trapped, but let outsiders make money.However, Nanjing University, which is located in a wealthy place, really wants to let students work as toilet cleaners, but it cannot but be said to be "earth-breaking" news. If it is done well, it will support students' work-study programs. If it is not done well, it will attract the whole country Scolding from top to bottom.The principals of Nantah University, the school league organization and the student office that specialize in work-study programs for students are mentally prepared for this, so they adopted a step-by-step approach in actual operation.When the first recruitment notice was posted, the content of his appointment was vaguely written, and it was called "recruitment of cleaners". cleaning?What does cleaning do?Isn't it just doing the dirty and tiring work of cleaning classrooms and corridors? People are decent and comfortable "white-collar workers", so we go to work as "blue-collar workers"?I will not go! Come on, is the social division of labor different? "Blue-collar workers" can at least give us a full meal.I am ready to go. Hahaha, we were all fooled, the "student cleaners" actually asked us to clean the toilets! what--? !No go no go!No matter how poor we are, are we still college students? The students had different opinions. Although some people did not fully agree with the above statement and felt that it is not impossible to clean the toilets, none of them went to open the list to sign up. Nantah University's first list of "recruitment of cleaners" ended in failure. The success of Nantah's "Toilet Movement" is that they persisted.According to the fact that there are many impoverished students among the freshmen in Pukou Campus, the school held a big discussion among the students on the question of "should we let poverty affect our studies, or choose to be self-reliant through labor", and the discussion received the expected good results.As soon as the second list of "recruitment of cleaners" came out, more than 100 poor students (including some with good families) signed up to compete for jobs.In the teacher's words, it was "a revolutionary movement of ideas". However, signing up to work in the toilet does not mean that the problem has been solved.不少学生第一次上岗时怕同学看到，竟然半夜起床，至于挑着箩筐倒垃圾就更费劲了，本来几百米远的路程，他绕来绕去要跑上一二千米。why?为的是绕过熟人的眼睛。是男生的怕女生瞅见，是女生的怕男生看到。一位瘦小的女同学本来为照顾她给安排了宿舍楼的一个厕所，可她坚决不去，最后宁可挑了个很远、很偏僻的厕所。事后人家问她为什么，她说在那个厕所上岗不会碰到同班同学……哈，真是一群未褪稚气的孩子！一群已经懂得羞涩的青春儿女！ 上面的事都发生在两年多前。今年4月我到南大时借看望我的外甥女而特意到了南大的浦口校区。我问去年以江苏文科“状元”考入南大的外甥女：班上有几个同学当“保洁员”？她说有三四个吧。我问，那你们这些家庭经济条件好的同学对他们当“保洁员”有什么看法？她摇摇头，说没什么看法，很正常，我们有空还帮他们一起干哩。我怀疑地看着在家极少做家务活的外甥女，表示不信。她急了，冲着我这“老舅”嚷嚷：小看人，上了大学不是可以变化和进步么！嗬嗬，这可是料想不到的“奇迹”。不过后来听南大浦口校区的领导介绍也证实了这一点。他说，推行学生保洁员制度，已经远远超出了当初勤工俭学的意义。学生本身的心理承受能力在上岗的过程中得到了加强，其集体观念和社会责任感也得到增强。通过学生自己打扫环境卫生特别是打扫厕所卫生后，同学之间便有了自觉维护的意识。过去临时工打扫卫生，学生们总觉得乱扔乱涂无所谓，而且有一种扔了也有理的味道。如今不一样了，环境卫生是同学们自己打扫的，从浅层次讲，你再乱扔乱丢就不好意思了。从深层次讲，久而久之就养成了良好的卫生习惯和尊重别人劳动的风尚。当然，由于上岗，那些本来经济困难的同学就可以获得一份能基本保证生活的收入。 “厕所运动”，利校、利风尚，更利贫困生。在今天的南大，师生们再谈论起此事时，从校长到普通学生，都会自豪地这样告诉你。 没有一种时尚和流行色可以同大学校园的传播速度相比较。南京大学推出的让贫困生当保洁员的“厕所运动”风，不多时便刮遍了中国所有大学校园，许多大学仿效南大的做法，在自己的校园内推出了让学生承包厕所清洁的勤工俭学岗位。一时间，中国大学的“厕所运动”被当做不同寻常的新闻，着实在西方世界广为传播。而有一位中国大学生还因为扫厕所成了一些西方人心目中的“英雄”，他就是大连理工大学的9506班学生李祥华。 李祥华所在的学校同样是为了解决贫困生生活上的后顾之忧而把水房和厕所等杂活进行重新分配，专门让学生们来做。学校遇到了与南大开始一样的问题，即没有人愿接清扫厕所的岗位。就在这个时候，该校化工学院的李祥华同学毫无顾虑地第一个报了名。 “恭喜你，李'所长'。”有人过来半开玩笑地问他，“怎么样，当回官儿过瘾吧？多少钱一个月？” 李祥华白净净的脸，1米78的个头，面对别人的几丝讥讽，他坦然一笑：“不多不少，干了就知道。” 为了更加说明自己的自强自立之心，李祥华每次在厕所上岗时有意穿上校服，有意别上校徽，也从不避人，该到什么时候去刷厕所就什么时候去。 在许多学校里，从学生到勤工俭学部门，不少人仅把校园上岗当做一种纯粹的象征性劳动。但李祥华则不然，老师和同学们都说他这个“所长”是个完完全全合格的。 别以为刷厕所真那么简单，真要干好不费点劲是不成的。李祥华开始干时由于报名的人数少，原定的两个人包一个厕所的活只有他一人承担。他还真当一回事，一天早、中、晚三次，把厕所扫得又干净又亮堂。同学中有一部分人习惯把乱杂废物往厕所扔，甚至当着李祥华的面也敢这么干。换了别人也许闹出一场“厕所风波”，可李祥华不，他照常笑嘻嘻地干他手中的活。只是等人走后，他在墙上贴出一张“请做文明人”的告示。谁都不可能长久不要脸面，那些平时不自觉的人见告示后也就慢慢改了自己的坏习惯。李祥华呢，觉得当这个特殊的“所长”还真有特殊的用场：比如原先那些跟自己关系不怎么融洽的同学现在与他亲近了；比如原先班上不敢报厕所岗的几位贫困生现在愿意跟着他当“徒弟”；比如原先校内的“厕所文化”叫人看了恶心，自打他当“所长”后就再也不见了，取代的是清洁、干净的环境…… “妈、爸：这个月我又拿到工资了！上个月是160元，现在我承包了两个厕所，工资可以领到200多元了……完全够生活了！”又一个领工资日的夜晚，李祥华忍不住给家里打去电话。 电话那头，母亲和父亲高兴得连声“哎哎”。“小华，我和爸都支持你，好好干下去，只是别耽误了学习。”母亲叮咛他。 “不会的，妈。”李祥华充满信心地回答父母，因为他觉得这段时间不仅生活有了保障，更重要的是自己坚强和自信了许多。现在他有个心愿：要把自己在厕所上岗的感受和体会向同在校园的那些贫困同学讲讲…… 旭日刚刚透出地平线的那一瞬，东方明珠怀抱里传来一曲雄浑的乐章。人们告诉我，那就是复旦大学的校歌。也就是在这个时候开始，我知道了这座素有“江南第一学府”的校名出处——“复旦”二字，取自《尚书。大传。虞夏传》中的名句“日月光华，旦复旦兮”。1905年，近代著名教育家、复旦大学的创始人马相伯，从他倾家捐资创办这所学校一开始就给“复旦人”嘱咐了复兴中华的百年重任。 伴着“复旦复旦旦复旦”的强劲节奏，当我走入复旦校园内那片宽阔而著名的绿地广场时，举目所见的是手捧书本、朗朗有声的莘莘学子，故而顿感“学在复旦”的阵阵浓烈的书香之风。到复旦之前，上海团市委的同志特意向我介绍了该校有个专门为鼓励那些自强自立的贫困生而设立的一项奖项，这奖在复旦学生中，被誉称是“复旦诺贝尔奖”。 神圣的诺贝尔，神圣的殿堂——我因此而直奔主题，来到了创立这项奖的“本部”、复旦大学勤工助学办公室。 复旦到底是复旦，在学生工作部的那幢小楼里，我的第一感觉就像走进了电影《列宁在1918》中那个攻打冬宫的“革命指挥部”：忙忙碌碌的人，电脑嘀嘀嗒嗒的响声和接连不断的电话铃声…… “喂，你是家教部吗？明天将有上海的两家单位来谈合作事宜，你们做一下准备。好的，第三批受聘人员的批复报告马上给你送去。” “活动中心吗？星期四的晚会还有什么问题？要调几个帮手？没问题，我会通知人事部的。那先这样，彩排时我让学校领导一起去观摩。好，预祝你们成功！” “你找谁？我就是王万春呀，有什么事？噢，我知道，你们书亭的人手目前还够是吧？这个好办，关键是你们得在原来的基础上要根据同学们的需求进书、进好书，资金方面我们会考虑的。好，下午下班之前你带着副经理一起来我这儿一趟……” 勤工助学办公室主任王万春终于放下电话给我让座。“你是北京来的？学工部翁老师和应老师两位部长可能要等一会儿才到，你先坐一下。”他给我端过一杯茶水，并递上一张名片。 “硕士，复旦大学勤工助学办公室主任，光华公司总经理……看来你是这儿的老板哪！”我笑着对年轻的王主任说。 “操心加苦心的老板。”小王又去接他的电话。 “你这儿真忙啊。” “可不是。而且是别人闲的时候我们便更忙了。”他重新坐到我这个客人旁边，顺便端起他的水杯，“咕咚”几下便把半瓶开水消灭了。 “这个光华是你们复旦大学办的实体？” “是我们学校专为学生特别是贫困学生提供勤工俭学服务的经济实体。” “走了那么多大学，看来你们复旦是全国第一家。” “而且应该说是最早的一家。”小王详细介绍了我所感兴趣的问题，“要说我们光华可真有一段历史了。十三年前，我的学长——学校哲学系81级几个同学自筹资金，在学校领导、团委和学生会支持下，在当时的一座简易临时平房内办起了一个名为'OURSALON——大家沙龙'，这也是在全国高校中最早的大学生沙龙。那时的'OURSALON'除了向学生顾客提供一些咖啡蛋糕饮料点心外，更主要的是精心组织文化、信息交流活动。起初，我们这个'大家沙龙'是以'文化为主、经营为辅'的原则，如举办'文理对话'、'现代派画展'、'哲学专题'等各种文化活动，学校的众多诗社、剧社、文学社等都来参与，成为上海高校有名的文化圣地。随后几年，在市场经济的影响下，学校根据政策规定，对原来的'大家沙龙'进行了重组，并且与我校一个也是由几位校友办起的光华科技服务公司联合，组成了具有经济实体性质的现在这个样的'复旦沙龙'。” “那么它现在到底是以文化为主还是以经营为主呢？”我问。 “应该说是以经营为主导，而其经营的内容仍是以服务于学生的文化为主。” "how to say?" 王万春的解释使我的采访进入了主题。他说，复旦的这个光华公司现在纯粹是专门为了帮助那些需要勤工助学的同学而独创的一个完全由学生自己管理、并直接受学校学工部和勤工助学办公室指导的经营性实体。除了他这个“总经理”和三名财务人员为学工部的正式职工外，其余员工全为勤工俭学的学生。现下设办公室、人事部、家教部、社会服务部、勤工助学部和学生信用社、活动中心、大家沙龙、自助商店、学生书亭、文印中心、南区娱乐厅等十多个业务部门与经营实体。 “目前有多少学生在这些部门上岗？” “常设岗位有800多个。” “上岗的人员大多是些什么学生？” “在教育改革并轨之前，我们面对全校学生，择优录取，公平竞岗。这几年复旦也出现了每年平均16％左右的贫困生，因此在同等条件下贫困生和特困生将优先得到上岗权利，现在的800多个岗上多数是那些家庭有经济困难的同学。” “他们自主经营、自主管理得怎样？” “很好。不管是过去的'大家沙龙'，还是现在的'光华公司'，我们一直非常健康地经营和发展着。可以说，现在我们的复旦沙龙——光华公司，既是校园学生文化的一道迷人风景线，同时又是学校帮困助学不可缺少的坚实基地。每年至少有近1000人次的贫困生在我们的沙龙上岗，他们一方面得到了素质的提高，另一方面有了一定的经济收入，去年一年仅我们这一块就发放了35.2万元勤工助学费。值得一提的是，学校勤工助学办公室与光华公司以学生勤工助学活动获得的利润，特设了'复旦自立奖'，旨在奖励本校那些在学习、研究、社会实践和勤工俭学中表现突出的优秀贫困大学生。这项奖目前已经评选了11届，是复旦校园内影响最大的奖项之一……” “就是被誉为'复旦诺贝尔'的奖项？” “正是。”王万春说到这里显得激动起来，“在我们复旦，大大小小的奖励近百项，但惟一这一项是学生们用自己的劳动所得而设立的特别奖，而获得此项奖的同学都是那些有着特殊经历与磨难、且是品学兼优的人。虽然这项奖的奖金也不比其他奖励多，但学校对此奖的每次颁奖仪式都给予最高待遇，学校领导只要在家的都得参加。像我们刚刚举办完的11届'自立奖'颁奖仪式，就放在接待美国总统里根和杨振宁、李政道、丁肇中、李远哲这样的诺贝尔奖获得者的'美研中心'大厅内隆重举行。当时的场面太让人难忘，会议刚开始我们就接到了来自海内外的许多传真和越洋电话，上海多家电视台进行了现场报道。然而最值得一提的是，我们的评奖过程就是一个让那些自强自立者感受自身价值的难忘历程。每届评奖开始，我们首先得用一个来月时间进行广泛宣传。组织者要在学校专家学者的指导下制定出详细、科学的评选章程及申请表格，随即在校园中央海报栏学生宿舍区张贴大型宣传海报，将申报须知发送至各院系，并在校广播台推出人物专访。此项奖与众不同的是每位期望得到此奖殊荣者必须自己提出申请，这申请的过程中重要的是要毛遂自荐地把自己的学习、勤工助学收获和参与有关研究的成果展示给广大同学。第二步是初评阶段。组织者将每一位上报者的申请材料逐一进行初选，然后根据差额选出入围者若干名。这一阶段的后期工作是将入围者再进行复评，凡在复评中再度入围者，其名字和主要事迹通过海报的形式公之于众，接受全校师生的监督，确保评选的公正与透明度。紧接着是第三也是最后一个阶段。这是所有评奖的高潮，也是最激动人心的时刻：每位进入复评的入选者必须接受专家、校领导、同学和老师组成的评委的现场答辩。我们举办的每一次这样的现场答辩会，总是引来全校上上下下的热烈关注与积极参与，那现场会的教室里、走廊内人山人海，台上的角逐者神采飞扬，雄心勃勃；台下的参观者倾听思索，深受教益。当一位又一位自强自立者在摘取'复旦诺贝尔'的桂冠时，仿佛获得荣光的是我们每一个复旦人，那震耳欲聋的掌声会一次次地经久不息……我当了几回组织者，每一次颁奖完后，总有那些或获奖或没获奖的贫困生们跑来对我和学工部的老师说这样的话：'原以为家庭贫困难圆自己的大学梦，可学校不仅给我们提供了生路，而且还给予如此厚爱与荣誉，真是此生不枉一回复旦人！'” 复旦人，多么响亮而豪迈的名字！ 复旦人，又使很多人想探究它的真实内涵。 “博学而笃志，切问而近思”。我细品着这一凝结了一代学子灵魂的复旦校训，耳边响起了著名科学家、诺贝尔物理学奖获得者李政道在这个大学的那次精彩讲演—— ……下面我要讲一个问题，复旦校训中第一句的最后一字和第二句的最后一字。第二句最后的字是“思”，思考的思；第一句最后的字是志，志气的志。志，是志气、志向、志愿，尤其是家长对孩子说，老师对学生说或者学生对自己说，一个年轻人要有志气，你的志愿立什么？这就是说，每个孩子，每个年轻人都要有志气。这句话说是很容易，我去查了辞海，这个志的表述是新的方向在哪儿。这很有道理。“志”有两个意思，一个是志气、志愿、志向，是向外的；一个是对内的，即你自己的心向哪儿走。所以很重要的是你一定要问自己，你怎么样才能有志气，你自己的心往哪个方向走，就是你对什么有兴趣，你的才能在哪方面？要对自己了解，是很重要的。另外很重要的一部分是要了解外面的世界。这两方面都是互相关联的，这与问问题与求答案一样是互相关联的。我想对年轻人来说，重要一点是必须自己要相信自己，要觉得你自己的生命是有特别意义的，不光是对自己有意义，对整个外在世界也是有意义的，而你整个的一生有特别的任务。要相信自己，要对“志”作深刻的考虑：你自己的志向是什么？心之所向在哪里？你的志愿在哪儿？而你有了这个志，你就能在什么困境、什么情景中都可以勇敢地站起来！勇敢地去面对现实，面对世界！ 笃志者而近思也，也许这正是复旦人出类拔萃的灵魂所在。 当我正被“复旦诺贝尔奖”的运作者激起心灵的千层巨澜时，学工部负责人翁铁慧和应岳林两位老师带着几个学生进来了。 “他们都是我们'复旦诺贝尔奖'的光荣获得者与勇敢角逐者。请他们谈谈在我们的复旦沙龙里的勤工助学亲身感受，或许对你的采访更有用。”老师的善解人意，正是我求之不得的。 这是一群从形态到心灵都看不出一丝一缕“贫困”的学生，相反，他们用自己珍爱生活、珍爱校园的那般激情，把我带入一个个丰富多彩的世界： 与“大家沙龙”为友的徐晓民同学：遥想当年，在室友——一个现在应该称做“老沙龙人”的鼓励下，我加入了“大家沙龙”。还清楚记得第一次走向沙龙，是在一个阳光明媚的中午，由于地处偏僻，问了几个人才找到。而现在通向沙龙的那条小路，我的鞋子也已经熟得不用脚带着就能走上几个来回了。无论是白天、傍晚，雨中还是阳光下，那条小路对我而言永远是快乐的。初次领略沙龙真正的风姿是在我上岗的第一个晚上。虽然当时心里有些紧张，但看到已为“侍者”的同学们那股认真劲，我也就慢慢放松了下来。夜晚的沙龙，笼罩在一片朦胧的晕黄中，苹果形的红色蜡烛漂浮在玻璃小碗中，散发一团温柔的光芒，国产音响中冒出的音乐却是闻所未闻的动听，一对对情侣在蜡烛下低声细语，旁边也有五大三粗的几个男孩围着一张大桌豪气无比地喝下一罐罐啤酒。与我同身份的“服务员”端着精致得宛如艺术品的冰激凌、鸡尾酒，给客人介绍这是“飞天”、那是“廊桥遗梦”……这一切都是那么纯洁美好，连空气中也仿佛溶进了青春的笑容。总之，一次上班下来，我觉得自己已经喜欢上了这“大家沙龙”的岗了。沙龙真是奇妙，是一种什么样的魅力竟使它如此地吸引人呢？答案仿佛就在心中，但要说出来却又有些难。关于我们的沙龙，我有那么多话想说，可又不知从何说起。不过有一点是肯定的，在复旦，最快的时光是在沙龙。在那里，我会忘记自己已有的痛苦与自卑，感觉的是集体的温暖和快乐。有人说，劳动便是创造财富和快乐。我要说，在我们复旦“大家沙龙”的劳动，才真正体现了这种财富与快乐。 在家教部度过苦乐悲欢的董卉：成了复旦“光华人”是一次偶然。一个无聊的日子，我百无聊赖，无意中看到光华招新员工的海报，就莫名其妙地报了“家教部”，又随即斗志昂扬地闯过了怎么也没有想到的激烈的初试与复试，就这样心满意足而又踌躇满志地闯进了那个不大的半间小屋。一张桌子，一把椅子，简陋不堪，没有我期望中的高薪报酬，但也没有可怕的功利之争，只有琐碎单调的工作，少得可怜的薪金和让我困倦不已的忙碌的夜班，然而那却是一个期待已久的温馨的大家。这是一个以理科为主的“家”。作为文科的独苗，我可以让诸位同仁为我惨不忍睹的理科科目操尽了心，临近期末，当一向“大智若愚”的我为了计算机课保C争B