Chapter 4 The movement played by the second chapter "The Rattle"

Yiwu is located in the central part of Zhejiang Province, and was called Wushang in ancient times.Its place name is also connected with a beautiful and moving legend: it is rumored that there is a filial son named Yan Wu, who was born in poverty, but knows the way of propriety, righteousness and filial piety.At that time, there were frequent wars in the Central Plains. In order to avoid the disaster of war, Yan Wu and his dependent father came to live in Yiwu, Jiangdu. Soon his father died of serious illness. His fingers were broken, and blood and mud covered them. A group of crows were moved by his filial piety, and they all helped him to bury his father. The crow's beak was covered with scars, and Yan Wu fell beside his father's grave in grief... Crow The place name of Shang is taken from the saying "Yan Wu buried his father".

Yiwu takes the lead, which reflects the traditional virtues of Yiwu people.However, in order to thrive on this barren land, Yan’s descendants used their industrious hands to cultivate and cultivate a large number of jujube trees and sugar cane. And become famous all over the world.Yiwu, located in the middle of Zhejiang Province, used to have poor mountains and rivers, and the traffic was blocked. Although the rich and businessmen did not want to stay here for a long time, they also retained a group of people who were relegated by the government of the past dynasties and a group of defeated generals injured in the war. pawn.Gradually, Yiwu became a surprisingly poor place with more people and less land.Poor people want to change, so some people try to turn the sugar cane in the field into sugar cubes, and then go to a foreign country to exchange sugar for goods, and then sort the exchanged goods, or sell them for cash, or use them as fertilizers to grow food.According to the records of "Yiwu County Chronicles", as early as in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, farmers in this county carried sugar loads on their shoulders and shook rattles by hand during the winter and spring slack seasons every year. Traveling to villages and alleys in other places, they came to exchange poultry and livestock bones, old clothes and shoes, scrap copper and rotten iron, etc., for small profits.On the eve of the Anti-Japanese War, the number of people engaged in this industry in this county increased to tens of thousands, and it developed into a unique industry-"Knocking Sugar Gang".

Perhaps no one in the north has ever seen what the "Candy Knocking Gang" is like, but in the south, almost everyone in their early 30s has seen those sugar-changers holding rattles and carrying the burden of shopkeepers on their shoulders.As far as I can remember from my childhood, during the slack season, especially during the Chinese New Year in the first lunar month, there were so many sugar traders that I could see them almost every day.This interview in Yiwu made me understand that the sugar-changer I had been looking forward to every day in my childhood turned out to be the subject of my writing today, which inevitably reminded me of scenes from my childhood.At that time, people who lived in the countryside would always kill chickens and pigs during Chinese New Year, and the remaining chicken feathers and pig bones were often thrown aside. The old people and children liked to pick up these things and tidy them up. Come, you can exchange for a sweet lollipop or rolled candy.If there are more things, the adults in the family have to exchange some daily necessities for needles and brains from the salesman.What impresses me deeply is that every time my grandma combs her hair, she always rolls up the strands of hair that fall off the comb and accumulates them. When the salesman comes to carry them, she takes out a roll of hair and gives it to my grandson. Eat a candy or two.At that time, how I hoped that grandma would lose some hair every time she combed her hair.As for my grandma, although she is 90 years old and dying, she still retains the habit of accumulating residual hair.Coincidentally, during the Spring Festival of 1999, when I stopped by my hometown after interviewing in Yiwu, my grandma took out a large curly hair from under her bed and said, A Ming (my nickname), look at me I kept my hair for you all the time, but why doesn't the sugar changer come here anymore?I hurriedly took over the strands of gray hair, and couldn't help telling my grandma that those sugar traders in the past had long since disappeared, and now they are doing big business and are all rich.When grandma heard this, her eyes lit up and she said, "The world has really changed. The sugar exchangers in the past were the most miserable and pitiful people!"

My grandma's words are correct, but she is not as lucky as I am. She has witnessed the scene that the sugar traders in the past are all so rich that they are about to bleed! "Knock Sugar Gang"?rattle?Can I still see you now? When I knew that the sugar traders and peddlers I saw when I was a child were all from Yiwu, the first thing I did when I came to Yiwu was to see the "Tangtang Gang" that I always hoped to appear in the village 20 or 30 years ago , and the rattle drums in their hands.However, after many days of searching, I have never seen a rattle drum (unfortunately, I specifically suggested to the local cadres that the traditional rattle drum should be developed as a special product.) So I talked about the "beating sugar" of the picker. help".Yiwu people all laughed: how can there be now!We are all setting up stalls, opening shops and running factories, who still does that business!In fact, I can also guess this point, just because I arrived in Yiwu, the hometown of the rattle drum, it reminded me of the special affection for the "sugar changer" in my childhood, and I am used to tasting ice cream and Nescafe coffee every day Yu, really want to taste the authentic Yiwu green sugar cubes that have been away for decades.The Yiwu people laughed again, saying that we can bring you a lot of candy now, but there is really no one that can give you a piece of candy that was exchanged for chicken feathers back then.Although I was somewhat regretful after hearing this, I was still very excited when I saw the new scene where the sugar exchangers in those days are now rich and well-off.

But I still have a request, that is, to go to Niansanli in person to see this once the birthplace of the rattle drum and the Yiwu Small Commodity Market. Niansanli is very famous in Yiwu area, because the distance between it and the five surrounding market towns was 23 miles in the old days, so it got its name.The birthplace of the rattle in front of me is too far from the town I imagined.Look at the wide avenue that is several kilometers long. The owner said that the widest part is 36 meters; look at the brand-new buildings on both sides of the avenue, all of which are four or five stories high. "From the pavement to the buildings, all were built by the farmers themselves." The owner told me proudly.

This is the small town in the hometown of the rattle, which used to have only one small street. Now the market town alone covers an area of ​​four to five square kilometers, and the number of local urban residents reaches more than 20,000.Adding more than 10,000 migrant workers, the population of the market town has exceeded 30,000.Nearly a thousand large, medium and small private enterprises are densely distributed throughout the town, forming a famous town in central Zhejiang with a modern scale.It is said that a foundation of 40 to 50 square meters in a small town is currently sold for more than 300,000 yuan.If it's in a good location, it's more than that.When I stepped into the compound of the town government and looked up at the office building standing in front of it, I immediately complained about the "ministry building" in the capital, because the town government building in Niansanli is so grand!

"This is thanks to the reform and opening-up policy and the booming Yiwu market." Several town cadres who received me continued to be modest, and I didn't know what they were telling the truth until I had lunch at noon. Among the five town cadres at my table, There are 3 members of the "Tangtang Gang" who were born in rattle drums.The owners said that almost every household in their place has played rattles for hundreds of years.At that time, the men carried the peddlers' loads to travel north and south to "exchange chicken feathers for sugar", while the women in the family sorted and disposed of the goods exchanged by the men, or made sugar and tied flowers, made some small handicrafts, and prepared goods for the headed family to go out again.The small street of less than 200 meters in Niansanli is the only place where the "Tangtang Gang" from far and near can conduct free trade, and it is also the "starting station" that later developed into the entire Yiwu Small Commodity Market.

"The old street still exists?" "Yes, the town keeps it." This is good news, and I couldn't help but let the owner take it with me. The one-line street in front of me is the kind of street in a small town in the south of the Yangtze River that I was familiar with when I was a child.Its streets are only as wide as two shoulder poles, with curved stone roads, and the pavements on the left and right sides are still old-fashioned: grocery stores, small noodle shops, barber shops, and this street scene is destined to no longer have customers.In a calligraphy and painting shop, I saw a gentle old man writing Spring Festival couplets, so I went to greet him.

The old man, whose surname is Zhao and whose name is Weimao, is 66 years old. He used to be a schoolteacher. After retiring, he opened a calligraphy and painting shop in his house facing the street. "Everyone is rich now. During the festivals and festivals, everyone likes to add a little bit of joy, so my small business can earn several hundred yuan a month." The old man said happily. "How old is this little street?" "It's far away, but this street is said to have looked like this during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom." "Then... when do you remember when the most people came to do business on this street?"

"It's time to cut the tail!" The old man blurted out, but I didn't understand what he meant. He hurriedly added, "It's the time to cut the tail of capitalism! At that time, people in Yiwu didn't have a good life, so The most people go out to 'exchange chicken feathers for sugar', and the street will be the busiest at that time!" The old man's "black humor" made us laugh.It was not Lin Biao and the "Gang of Four" who cut off the "tail of capitalism" in the countryside and cut the Chinese people into unspeakable misery! The "cunning" Yiwu people have this clever trick of "exchanging chicken feathers for sugar", so the "capitalist tail" growing on this small street in Niansanli is surprisingly thick. Isn't this an excellent "political humor" created by Yiwu people? "?

But Yiwu people themselves know that for this "black humor", what they pay is blood and tears... Among the hundreds of thousands of businessmen in Yiwu, Shi Wenjian was the first batch of "red landlords" who came out of Niansanli... because he not only served as the village party secretary, but also the first party secretary of the Labor Association of the "China Small Commodity Market" . In 1985, when the Yiwu market was booming, Shi Wenjian was already the "big brother" among the local businessmen, but the "14950" stall owner gave up the money that was pouring in. The deputy director of the individual association that makes money as a paving stone.Shi Wenjian is not a fool. He is famous for his shrewdness in business, but he gave up the chance to become a billionaire without hesitation.Lao Shi, who is now 65 years old, told me that he is willing to sacrifice his personal opportunities to make money to make more people rich, because he has too many experiences of shaking the "rattle drum" and he knows too much about his many "rattle drums". The folks at Rattle Drum are eager to get rid of poverty. "I am a native of Niansanli. My Rufu Village is a well-known poor village in Yiwu. In 1956, I was the secretary of the Party branch in the village. But before the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, our village was influenced by leftist thoughts. Too heavy and too deep, especially during the "ten years of turmoil", you can't do anything. If you want to lead everyone to live a better life, you have to be criticized. The soil of our village is barren, and if there is no poultry and livestock hair to plant rice If the goods are used as base fertilizer, the rice will have poor tillering and the yield will not increase. For fertilizer, our ancestors took advantage of the local green sugar, and there was a business tradition of "chicken feathers for sugar". In fact Yiwu people's earliest "chicken feathers for sugar" was not for making money, but to improve the soil as a last resort. Later, in the process of "chicken feathers for sugar", it was discovered that it could not only solve the problem of using poultry and livestock hair as fertilizer, so as to improve the soil In addition to the purpose, they can also win some small profits that can improve their lives, so 'chicken feathers for sugar' has since become a basic means for Yiwu people to survive and multiply in this barren land." Mr. Shi told me the story of "chicken feathers for sugar" that ordinary Yiwu people can't tell.Then, in a tone full of vicissitudes, he told me about the unbearable sufferings of Yiwu people's "chicken feathers for sugar" based on his own experience: "People here are already poor, so how can they have any money to go out and do business? The old hen at home lays a few eggs and is reluctant to eat them, or when the piglets in the pen grow up, they sell them to collect some money, add some small grocery items, pick up a pair of shopkeepers, shake the 'rattle drum' and go out In the past, when I was the secretary of the village party committee, I couldn’t take the lead to go out to “exchange chicken feathers for sugar”. The rebels defeated me and gave me the opportunity to shake the “rattle drum”. The first time I went out in 1967 was a big mountainous area, because Only in those places where no one goes, can we exchange our Yiwu green sugar and small department stores for some idle poultry and animal hairs from farmers. I still remember the first trip I took when I went out, it was really "eating" Liugu is muddy, walking on the road'. The snow is strong and the wind is strong. When I go out, I carry a burden and dare not wear clothes. This way, there is no way to go in, and there is no place to go back, but the wind tip snowflakes go straight to my heart. Drilling. Seeing that it was getting dark, I was anxious and wanted to move my feet faster, but I accidentally tripped and fell into the pond by the side of the road... At that moment, I had only one thought: I can’t do this in vain Drowning in a foreign land! I still don’t understand how I climbed from the piercing pool to the shore. When I landed, I first thought of the goods I bought in the load, so I didn’t care about getting wet. My whole body, I picked up the burden and went straight to the local supply and marketing cooperative. When the goods were sold, my clothes and pants were all turned into shards of ice, and there was no place on my body that was not red and swollen... But this is not the one that suffered the most. When we shake the 'rattle drum', what we are most afraid of is being suspected or misunderstood for no reason. That year, I saw that farmers in some places liked rat poison very much, so I also brought a few packs in the peddler's bag. Who knew there was a village A woman in a village used poison to kill her husband because of a quarrel with her husband. Fortunately, the man smelled the food, and immediately poured it into the dog. The poor dog fell to the ground and died on the spot. I don’t know Its cause and effect, so I passed by and still yelled, "Is there any chicken feather for rat poison?" As soon as I finished speaking, a group of "Red Guards" with red armbands on their arms grabbed me without any explanation, and besieged me... Afterwards, a group of well-informed old ladies scrambled to buy rat poison, and joked to the Red Guards: "We don't buy medicine to poison our husbands. Besides, our men have already been buried in the ground!" A burst of ridicule In the sound, I was 'liberated' just now, but my frightened heart has not calmed down for several days." Luo Youhua, the deputy mayor of Ersan Town.He was not my pre-determined interview subject, but as soon as we sat down, the man who had served in the military for 6 years couldn't help but tearfully told me about his "rattle drum" career.Mayor Luo said that when he returned to his hometown from the army in 1975, he only earned 20 cents a day working in the production team, and the best year was only 50 cents a day.At that time, a catty of rice cost 40 cents. A strong laborer had to eat a catty of rice a day, and worked hard for a day, but it was not enough for a day. Naturally, he could not live on.He, Luo Youhua, has been in the army for 6 years, and he is considered a person who has seen the world, but he has to lower his high head, hold a rattle, and go away from home to "exchange chicken feathers for sugar". "I was a cadre of the production team at the time, and I was a member of the party in the army. It was stipulated that I could not take the lead to engage in "capitalism"! But as a cadre, I have to live! Helpless, I asked someone to come from the production brigade A certificate was issued. At that time, it was difficult to go out without a certificate. Some people in Yiwu lost the certificate they carried on the way. She was locked up for several months, and when her family rescued her after many twists and turns, she was already a half-human, half-ghost. I still clearly remember how the 40 yuan capital came from the first time I went out: it was a family of three The saved four-foot-five-foot cloth tickets were exchanged for 13 yuan and 50 cents... At that time, each foot of cloth tickets could be sold for 30 cents, and the vegetables in the private plot were sold for two yuan, plus the 9 catties of soybeans distributed by the production team were sold. Some of the money exchanged after the exchange, plus the 24 yuan left after I was discharged from the army, the source of the total 40 yuan has been over 30 years, and I still remember it clearly. What does this mean? It means that we were in Yiwu at that time People are too poor to live without doing a small side job. However, "chicken feathers for sugar" is not a good business for us Yiwu people! Except for Yiwu people, I have never heard of anyone doing "chicken feathers for sugar". Why? Not because it is a bitter and unprofitable business! But we Yiwu people are different from others here: dare to endure hardships, not afraid of small profits, no matter how small the profit is, we will do it , This may be the spiritual connotation that our big market in Yiwu can form today. You ask me how the business of "chicken feathers for sugar" is managed? Let me tell you like this: For example, I start out with 40 yuan of capital, first served Exchange the 40 yuan into goods. Those so-called goods are needles, threads, and hairpins for women. When you go to a place, you have to find a good place to stay, and spend 1 yuan and 30 cents for a night there. Eat two meals, one early and one late, and the ten or so hours in between are the time for you to shake the 'rattle'. The business of 'chicken feathers for sugar' is simple and simple. For example, I buy a There are 25 needles for the soles of the shoes. We can exchange two needles for a handful of chicken feathers when we go out. A pack of 25 needles for a dime can usually be exchanged for one or two catties of chicken feathers. Chicken feathers can be sold for several dollars! So we usually start going out in November after autumn to exchange chicken feathers for sugar, and we don’t go back until the end of February and early March after the Spring Festival. In addition to paying one yuan to the production team to record work, you can also save three to four hundred yuan. At that time, saving three to four hundred yuan in a winter was not a small amount. So although we Yiwu people know that we can bear the burden with our burdens. , but never willing to give up the 'rattle drum' easily." "Where's the farthest place you've been?" I asked. "Jiangxi. We went there by train." Mayor Luo said. "How many roads do you travel in a day?" "Well...Anyway, I remember once climbing a mountain and walking through two counties, which was more than a hundred miles!" He said, "The worst time in my memory is that I didn't eat a bite for two days." "why?" "The original plan was to return to the foothold that day. Later, seeing that the business was good, I just walked into the mountains. I didn't want to get out once I entered. There were no people for two days and two nights. Although my belly was already on my back, the shoulders Don’t dare to lose the burden. The journey in those two days was like the Red Army’s 25,000 miles. Many of us in our 40s and 50s have stomach problems, and most of them are caused by shaking the rattle. ..." Mr. Luo's words brought me into a long memory: I remember that I was just in elementary school at that time, and one of my little aunts got married during the Spring Festival this year, and many relatives came to the house.At noon, a "savage" who "exchanges chicken feathers for sugar" came to the village - such foreigners in our southern Jiangsu area collectively call beekeeping for sugar.At the time, I certainly didn't know that the "wild man" shaking the rattle was from Yiwu, let alone the suffering they endured for their livelihood.The "savage" suddenly fell to the ground after entering the village. My relatives who attended the wedding hurriedly helped him up, and after giving him a drink of water, the man shaking the rattle slowly woke up. There was a trace of bright red blood on the corner of his mouth.I was terrified, and I heard the adults saying anxiously: "It's not good, it's a bad day! It's a bad day!" So someone brought a ferry boat to take the sugar changer to the hospital in the town, but The "savage" shook his hand, but refused to go.I watched the man staggering out of the village with a load on his shoulders, and the rattle in his hand fell into the ditch by the roadside.Although the children in Murakami and I like rattles very much, no one dared to pick them up, because I heard from adults that the sugar changer who threw the rattle was found dead on the road the next day... I have never forgotten one of them in my memory. If I hadn’t been lucky enough to meet Yiwu people more than 30 years later, I would have gradually faded away. In exchange for the compassion of the sugar man, I also want to take this opportunity to correct the obvious discriminatory titles that we Sunan people should not use for foreigners. "Hey—chicken feathers, pig bones, old clothes, old hats, old hats, candy—! Pluck, plop—!" During the trip to Yiwu, I never thought that my emotions would always be difficult to let go of the childhood memories that often echoed in my ears. Yelling.In the shouting, I can't help but appreciate how Yiwu people lived and struggled countless times yesterday!Perhaps it is because I have had a special emotion for the melody of the rattle drum since I was a child, so now it seems easier to listen to and accept the melody played by the people of Yiwu from their primitive life. In Yiwu, I heard many stories about the "rattle drum" players:—— A "rattle drum" player went to Jiangxi to "exchange chicken feathers for sugar" because the local people believed that he was engaged in "capitalism", and this Yiwu native lost the production brigade's certificate of permission to go out for business. Treated as a fugitive, he was forced to do hard labor in a quarry for nearly a year.During this period, his family thought he was starving to death, but when he was released from the quarry and returned home, his wife and only daughter became members of another family—— There was a "rattle drum" player who encountered bad luck as soon as he went out. He walked on a mountain road at night and accidentally broke his legs, leaving him with lifelong chronic diseases. The 80-year-old mother has served her son for a lifetime, and finally the old mother sent her son to the funeral...—— There is a crazy woman who still often wanders in the small commodity market. Her husband died in a foreign land after falling ill during a "chicken feather for sugar" thirty or forty years ago.The deceased husband and the wife were newly married at the time, and the bride longed day and night for the husband to come home, but she dried up her eye sockets and cried out her tears. A few years later, she suddenly burst out laughing, and she became a lunatic ever since. son…… At the home of Zhu Youfu, Secretary of the Party Branch of Niansanli Village in Niansanli Town, the owner told me that taking their Niansanli Village as an example, in the past when the slack season came, there were no men between the ages of fifteen and sixteen to 60 in the village. It is not normal for a family of men not to go out to "exchange chicken feathers for sugar".Zhu Youfu's name is really amazing. His four-story building can overlook the panoramic view of Niansanli New Town, and the Feng Shui is far from ordinary.But compared with the surrounding neighbors with piles of new buildings, Zhu Youfu's house is already a bit shabby.This may further prove why the three golden plaques of "Secretary of Enriching the People" issued by the city government in his lobby have been shining all the time. It also shows that the "rattle drum" player in those days is a good leader who is worthy of the name and benefits the people. Talking about Niansanli today, Zhu Youfu was very passionate. From his mouth, I knew that Niansanli Town, which is like a modern city today, was a small street less than 200 meters long more than ten years ago, and only It's just a "small dock" where a few urban residents don't get work points.Today's Niansanli, the township alone covers an area of ​​4 square kilometers, with wide roads, rows of buildings, prosperous scenes and commodity markets in all directions.In the eyes of peasants, more than 30,000 urban residents have registered permanent residence as the "upper class" and a status symbol.Zhu Youfu said that his village is now full of "urban residents", and all of the more than 2,000 people have become "residents".He said that you urbanites don't quite understand it, but for us farmers, this "resident registration" is really a big deal.Some people say that millions and tens of millions of dollars are easy to earn, but whoever can turn a farmer's household registration into a "resident household registration" is the real skill!Look, now every household in our village has become a city dweller. This is the biggest and most practical change for the farmers!There are two other phenomena that can also explain that our Niansanli people are not what they used to be.Have you seen our new town area? The square kilometers are full of new streets and new buildings, and these new streets and new buildings are not built or paved with government funds, but are all built and paved with our own money. Road, the government just carried out the planning and layout.You may have heard that a piece of commercial land of about 40 square meters in our town of Ersanli has been sold for 210,000 yuan!In the past, it was said that every inch of land in prime cities is like gold, but now our remote farmers’ land is also valuable. Isn’t this the biggest change?There is another thing that can explain the same reasoning. Just take our village as an example. The population of our village is only over 2,400, but now the permanent population of out-of-town residents has exceeded 5,000, which is more than twice the local population.Among them are not only part-time workers, but also many people have settled here to do small and medium businesses.You ask why a small town can keep so many "Phoenixes" from other places?Of course it is because there is a market for doing business here! "Niansanli has been a treasured place for business since ancient times, and it is also the hometown of rattle drums where Yiwu people trade chicken feathers for sugar. It can be said that Yiwu has today because of the old street that we still have in Niansanli on the edge of the new city. Comrade writer, you Haven’t you already been to that old street? It’s a testimony that we Yiwu people have grown from a peddler beggar who was looked down upon for sugar, to a businessman who is envied by all Chinese people today.” Zhu Youfu said this with reason It is reasonable to say that because his personal growth experience is also the change process of Yiwu's entire society.What he said when I was leaving is unforgettable: "Our contribution to the Yiwu market in Ersanli is forged with blood and tears..." When I in-depth interviewed those Yiwu businessmen who started from a penny and a dime a day on Ersanli Street to create a "millionaire" every year today, I got a deeper understanding of Zhu Youfu's words.Yes, this is a fact that cannot be denied at any time: If there is no spirit of breaking the rattle for a chicken feather and a pig bone in the small street of Niansanli yesterday, then it is naturally impossible for the people of Yiwu today to have The big market of "China's No. 1" is even less likely to be rich, and there may be more rattle drummers who still leave their hometowns. Any great change in history always forges a profound national spirit.Yiwu people are no exception. When I came to Yiwu for the first time, I accompanied a delegation of Chinese writers to participate in the "98 China Small Commodity Market Expo" held here.In the grand, enthusiastic and unimaginable business atmosphere, my heart that is hard to calm is always thinking about such a problem: Yiwu neither has the good Fengshui of "capital frontier" like Guangzhou and Shenzhen, nor does it have Shanghai and Suzhou. Such a business rhythm that has been accumulated for hundreds of years, but why did the classics of Chinese farmers in this century be created here? I finally figured it out, that is the "rattle drum" spirit that only Yiwu people have.This "rattle drum" spirit is hard work, daring and unremitting efforts to make progress. The "rattle drum" is a kind of musical instrument attached to business, and every melody of it is used to serve the "chicken feathers for sugar", so its full charm lies in the shaking power of the drummer.Almost every businessman in Yiwu knows this. He Haimei is one of the most extraordinary businessmen I have met, and she is still in her glamor when she is nearly 50 this year.He Haimei didn't have a good time when she was young. Because of the "Cultural Revolution", she had to be a "junior high school graduate" prematurely.Due to her short stature, she could only earn four or five work points for a day of heavy work like others, and at the end of the year she could not afford even a piece of clothing. In 1976, she married Xiao Jin, who worked in the city. Her husband earned 33 yuan a month, and she was considered a "rich" family at that time.However, after the birth of the son in the second year, He Haimei's life was still difficult because the household registration could only follow that of the mother.What made it even more difficult for He Haimei was that the household registrations of her mother and son were revoked on the grounds that He Haimei married a city resident, including her son's rations.He Haimei, who lives in the city, couldn't find a job to make ends meet in the city, so she opened a clothing store by her own ingenuity.This is a "complete tail of capitalism". Suddenly one day, people who "crack down on speculation and turn over the office" broke into He Haimei's clothing store, took away her sewing machine without any explanation, and severely ordered: "There is only one way out: Close the shop and don't do it!" He Haimei was stubborn by nature, but for the sake of her son and husband, she lowered her head with tears in her eyes.As the saying goes: put it to death and then live.Just when He Haimei was desperate for life, her elder brother brought a few still photos when he went home to visit relatives in the army, which made the young people in the neighborhood fall in love with them.Yes, this is a good deal for the money!He Haimei has a better mind and hands. She knows that making photos is not too difficult, so she spent 35 yuan to buy a set of simple photo-processing equipment.At that time, the Yiwu Cinema was showing drama films, and people who were tired of watching model dramas were very interested in this kind of costume drama, and the shows were almost full.He Haimei seems to have a special kind of business sensitivity. She took an old borrowed camera and sat in the first row of the movie theater. She saw a few shots that young people liked and "clicked" again and again, and went home overnight to develop the photos. The next day, when she set up a booth on the stone slab at the entrance of the theater with her self-made photos, there were three floors of onlookers.After a movie, all the dozens of photos she developed were sold, and many young people bought them without even asking the price. "One, two...five, six..." He Haimei sneaked a little, and the net profit was more than ten yuan!That day she was so happy that she couldn't close her mouth.The business started in this way, but at that time no businessmen were allowed in the city, so He Haimei had to go to Niansanli Town in the countryside, where it was said that stalls and shops could be set up every Lunar New Year's Day market.The first time she came back to Niansanli, the so-called businessmen that He Haimei saw were just a hundred or so people sitting on both sides of the old street, displaying all kinds of small department stores and small sundries.He Haimei still remembers the scene of setting up a stall in Niansanli that year: the husband and wife first developed the photos the night before, and had to set off before dawn the next day. No one rides - Yiwu people never spend a penny easily when they are doing small business.As soon as He Haimei recalled the business scene in Niansanli, He Haimei wanted to laugh: "At that time, there were no booths, no tables and chairs, so I hung a military satchel given by my brother on my chest, and stood at the entrance of the supply and marketing cooperative with a large bag. As soon as the photo proofs were pasted on a piece of white paper, I started shouting. The business I was doing at that time was new to the locals who had been trading chicken feathers for sugar. At the beginning, no one bought my goods. I greeted customers , and said to them, you just feel free to resell it. If you sell it well, we both make money. If you can’t sell it, you can return it. Anyway, I’m here every day, so don’t worry! This cry is really effective, and people will take it from me in twos and threes. I bought the photos, because someone really took the photos I edited to Nanchang, Hefei and other places to make money. They sold the photos for one or two cents to one dollar a piece, so many people bought from me later , I became the only owner selling photos in the Ersanli market, and the business naturally exceeded my imagination. It is not an exaggeration to say that the nationally famous printed matter market in Yiwu was first triggered by my success in selling small photos. " I have heard about Yiwu's printed matter market a few years ago, but I don't think it originated from a few photos of an ordinary peasant girl. This really makes people feel the magic of the market economy.Now there are tens of thousands of Yiwu small commodities that are sold well in the national and even global markets, and without exception, there are touching legends like He Haimei. The first time I walked into the world of flowers in Yiwu China Commodity City, I was immediately attracted by the endless flower stalls in the market.I remember one time when I "mistakenly entered" a small commodity market in the capital, my daughter was reluctant to move any more. In desperation, I patiently watched these small commodities that were said to come from Yiwu. I didn't want to be completely created by Yiwu people. These wonderful handicrafts have subdued. On the one hand, it is not only amazing, but on the other hand, its variety is unimaginable. What is more important is that Yiwu farmers have the kind that people in the city have. Feeling ahead of the consciousness, it is sincerely admirable.That day my daughter took the opportunity to make a fortune, and if I hadn't helped carry the big bag of "stuff" on the way home, she would not have been able to go home by herself anyway.What is even more amazing to me is that my wife, who has always been very picky about buying goods, is very fond of the Yiwu head flower products bought by her daughter this time.One of the rewards of coming to Yiwu is that I have the opportunity to directly meet these "rattle drum" hands who develop the first flower products. People in Yiwu told me that their hair flower products come from Zhengshantou Village in Niansanli.Now this small village has become a professional flower head village and a national head flower production base. There are thousands of kinds and more than ten thousand tons of various head flowers, flower arrangements, gift flowers and other flower products produced every year. In addition to hundreds of small commodity wholesale markets, it is also sold to more than a dozen regions and countries such as Hong Kong, the United States and South Africa. "In fact, the head flower product is just a small variety among the countless commodities created by our Yiwu people in the process of 'exchanging chicken feathers for sugar'." People in Zhengshantou Village recalled: In 1982, Li Zhangdi from Niansanli Paidang brought it from Guangzhou. Back to a head flower, made of gauze, Lao Li bought it for his wife to wear.Coincidentally, Jin Zhenghai, who was passing by shaking the rattle in my village, saw it, and he immediately wanted to imitate it.But the yarn used for the head flower that Li Zhangdi bought for his daughter-in-law is only available in Guangzhou. The scheming Jin Zhenghai thought about whether he could replace it with the yarn he usually bought from Huzhou Hongqi Silk Factory in the "chicken feathers for sugar"?After a trial, it really worked. Jin Zhenghai threw the self-made hair flower into the market. The girls and daughters-in-law couldn't put it down, and the sales were booming.Jin Zhenghai is also a good person. Seeing that the hair flower business is good, he taught it to the villagers without reservation. Therefore, in a short period of time, every household in Zhengshantou Village started the hair flower business.Zheng Lilong, Zheng Zhulong, Zheng Yifeng, and Jin Yiping also took the lead in setting up a professional hair flower factory in this year.Although the factories of these four households were not large at that time, they were a historic and crucial step for Yiwu farmers to move from the handicraft workshop-style processing industry to the machinery industry.Zhengshantou Village is far away from the town. At first, everyone used bicycles to sell goods on the street, and the supply was in short supply; they changed to tricycles, but the supply was still in short supply; so they negotiated with the bus station in the city to open a bus delivery, but they were still satisfied. Customers who can't ask for goods.Simply, rent another luggage cart!After discussing with several big flower producers, the matter was settled so simply.It is a rare thing, "Farmers go to the city to do business and buy monthly tickets!" The head flower business of the people in Zhengshantou Village has attracted "People's Daily" and other articles to praise it. Zheng Lilong, who is now known as the "King of Touhua", can't forget the early days when Zhengshantou Village was engaged in the touhua business. In order to retain the drivers who came to the city to deliver goods, he personally paid for the construction of the driver's parking lot and dormitory.In winter, he was afraid that the drivers would be cold, so he provided each with an electric blanket; in summer, as soon as the drivers entered the village, he would serve iced red dates and mung bean soup.One summer, Zheng Lilong bought more than 100 catties of red dates alone. "At that time, I was actually not afraid that the driver who delivered the goods would run away, but I was afraid that the first flower business in Zhengshantou Village would be taken away by others. No, later our production developed, and the business grew bigger and bigger. With the addition of cars, Murakami also has commercial lines extending in all directions, and Touhua’s business has spread all over the country and the world..." Zheng Lilong was not without emotion. On the streets of Niansanli, I also heard such a story: At that time, there was a woman named Jin Huiming. Her husband heard that there was a kind of iron five-pointed star that was very popular on the streets of Niansanli. In the iron sheet processing factory, naturally there are a lot of leftover materials that are disposed of for nothing every day.Jin Huiming had a heart-to-heart move, and brought back a cart full of iron sheets from relatives overnight, and started working with her husband with a pair of scissors and a ruler.Her husband was born in the military, and he has a special affection for the five-pointed star. He carefully painted the iron five-pointed star in red, so each of the gleaming red five-pointed stars appeared in the Ersanli Market.What Jin Huiming didn't expect was that her products were "eaten by one mouthful" as soon as they were on the market, and they sold for a good price.She went home and told her husband the good news, and the two decided over the top of their hearts: Let's be this red five-star!This work was unstoppable: every morning, Jin Huiming pedaled his car to his relative's iron sheet factory to transport the leftovers home, and started working in the afternoon, until he stopped working at 11 or 12 o'clock in the evening.The next day, Mengmengliang went to sell on the street again. After doing this for a while, she, Jin Huiming, became a professional seller of five-star iron sheets in the market, and local and foreign merchants came to her for goods.So Jin Huiming changed from manual processing to mechanized production, and her red five stars later traveled all over Jiangsu, Hunan and most of China.A few years later, Jin Huiming, who sells iron sheets, became a big seller of home appliances in the Yiwu market, and was able to directly produce popular products in his own family factory. It seems like yesterday: 20 years ago, girls in the city suddenly became obsessed with a folding umbrella.Anyone who has a small folding umbrella in a variety of colors is a capital that can show off in front of others.I remember one time I bought one from the Yunnan border for more than 20 yuan and gave it to my girlfriend in Beijing. The girls in her work unit were so jealous after seeing it.But within a few years, there are all kinds of brightly colored small flower cloth folding umbrellas everywhere in the market in mainland China.And it is our Yiwu farmers who have created this beautiful world for the Chinese people. They are the professional umbrella-making households in Jiulian Village who are well-known in Yiwu.The surname of Gong is the majority in Jiulian Village. More than ten years ago, villagers Gong Yimin, Gong Changjin and other Gong brothers saw that urban girls in the southern area like to carry a flower cloth folding umbrella with them, which can be used on rainy or sunny days, so they went back to the village to discuss. , set up an umbrella factory.In a few days, the small flower cloth folding umbrellas were sold in the market in Niansanli area, and merchants rushed to get the goods like crazy.So the small umbrella factory became a large umbrella factory, and one factory became 5 or 10 factories.In less than two years, more than half of the more than 80 farmers in the village participated in the processing of folding umbrellas during the slack season.Since the flower cloth folding umbrellas in Jiulian Village sell well in the market, since 1994, the whole village has invested in the umbrella industry. Even so, their business is still in short supply, because the market needs them to produce more than 5 million umbrellas every year. Production.Today's Jiulian Village has not only become an umbrella-making base itself, but several surrounding villages have also become their joint ventures.Someone once calculated that the annual market sales of folding umbrellas in China is about 10 million, and 95% of them are produced from Yiwu, and more than 90% of them are produced from Jiulian Village.You see, it is often a small action of Yiwu people that brings some kind of revolutionary impact to such a large market in China!Take the cloth folding umbrella as an example. The market price of each such small umbrella was about 20 yuan more than ten years ago, but now in the Yiwu market, it can be sold in wholesale for three or four yuan. This is not revolutionary. What is change? Don't underestimate the spirit of "chicken feathers for sugar" of Yiwu people. In the business history books of China and even the world, experts like to describe yesterday’s Huizhou merchants and today’s Bill Gates-style legends and achievements almost universally, but I think that the “rattle drum” should be added to the future world business history. "Yiwu people's "chicken feathers for sugar" business spirit.In my opinion, the Huizhou merchants who influenced China's feudal economy and Bill Gates who influenced the world today are worthy of our motto to promote the future market economic revolution, but in a developing country like China, carrying forward the "chicken feathers for sugar" The business spirit seems to be more important, more Chinese characteristics and in line with China's national conditions. Thousands of people in Yiwu are shaking the "rattle drum" one after another, unremittingly carrying out the "chicken feathers for sugar", the theoretical value of its market significance is not trivial.It can be regarded as an inherent national spirit of China, and it is also a legacy of the simple and industrious Chinese virtues. To a certain extent, "chicken feathers for sugar" is not only the most primitive way of trading value for human beings, but also a manifestation of professionalism that people are eager to advocate in the real era.There is a simple understanding: Regardless of the fact that we are already relatively rich today, even when none of us are in financial difficulties, some people can have the cheek to beg for food, or simply take the courage to steal and rob, but few people are willing to learn. Like the people of Yiwu, they picked up shopkeepers, shook the "rattle drum", and traveled long distances and long distances during other people's happy festivals; whenever they talked about business, someone would always boast that they would make a lot of money, But I never want to travel hundreds of miles and up the high slopes like Yiwu people to rely on "chicken feathers for sugar" to earn back the two cents of footwork money.After researching the Yiwu Small Commodity Market, many experts often sigh: Why can Yiwu people, who have no geographical advantages and no industrial characteristics, create miracles that shock the world?There are many arguments from the left and the right, but none of them hit the point. The reason is that our theorists cannot deeply understand and feel the essential things that Yiwu people have forged in the "chicken feathers for sugar".In a word, how can one understand the mysteries and the joys and sorrows of "exchanging chicken feathers for sugar" if you have never been a "rattle drum".If you don't understand this point, you can't really figure out what is the internal driving force for the development of Yiwu market. "Chicken feathers for sugar" has profound and infinite commercial mysteries and spiritual essence, and its uniqueness and profundity can only be tasted in the melody of the rattle drum. For Yiwu people and Yiwu market, Niansanli is a special and indelible milestone. It not only created the "rattle drum" and "chicken feathers for sugar", but more importantly, it contributed to the formation of Yiwu China in the new historical period. Small Commodity City laid the foundation.If we regard the great practice of farmers in Yiwu at the end of the 20th century as the successful practice of market economy carried out by Chinese farmers in the primary stage of socialism by using Deng Xiaoping Theory, then the road traveled by Ersanli is this The epitome of great practice. Twenty-three miles away, when I deliberately walked on the 100-meter old street again with emotion, I seemed to hear countless green bricks rumbling under my feet.Oh, that is the sonorous steps of thousands of "rattle drum" hands bidding farewell to the history of suffering and the beating heartbeat of yearning for a new life.Heh, when my footsteps moved lightly on each of the blue bricks and stones, I clearly felt once again that what flows between the gaps is what Yiwu people have paid for their destiny in hundreds of years. Tons and tons of blood and tears; and when I stepped on the steps of the small bridge at the end of the old street, I clearly realized the heavy burden that Yiwu people shouldered in the process of establishing a socialist market economy and striving for a well-off life.I can't forget someone told me: In the era of "tail cutting", a woman wanted to go to the street to exchange her long braids for several boxes of "clam oil". On the way, a group of rebels frantically snatched her beloved long braids. Throwing a pile of spittle at her and yelling: "Go to hell: stinking bourgeoisie!" I can't forget what I was told: When a farmer took his hen to the street for the first time to change some softer diapers for his newborn son, suddenly a group of "fighting speculation and bringing down the office" people pulled him into a He was so scared that he lost control of his urine on the spot... I can't forget someone told me: On a snowy night that year, a child of a "rich land against bad right" had just prepared a few plates of "Yiwuqing" candies and a salesman. Sticks and flashlights rushed into the door involuntarily, and smashed the unmoved shopkeeper's shoulder and the rattle made of green bamboo, together with its owner, to pieces... I can't forget what Feng Aiqian said: "One time when I went to Suzhou and didn't get the goods, I diverted to Shanghai. After a lot of effort, it finally rained heavily. In order to hurry, I went to Shanghai. I went to the train station with a load in the rain. Unexpectedly, there were a lot of people on the train, and the compartment was packed. I couldn’t get in the door, so I wanted to open the window. But at that time, my clothes were wet, my hands were wet, and the car body was wet, so I climbed on the window Just as I was struggling up, my hand slipped suddenly, and my whole body fell heavily on the rails like a small mud bag. My head was also torn off a layer of skin, and I couldn’t move because of the pain. I jumped up desperately and stretched out my hands to grab the window again, but I still couldn't hook it, because my hands were slippery, and the car was slippery, but the train was rumbling, and I was really crying At this moment, the kind-hearted people on the train stretched out their hands and pulled me up... When the train arrived in Jiaxing, I saw Lou Xiangyun and other four women from Yiwu, who were also on business, were on the platform through the window. The boss shouted and stomped their feet anxiously, all of them were drenched in water. My heart ached, and I quickly stretched out my hands to greet them. I took their load with one hand, and grabbed their breasts with the other. With all his strength, he pulled them into the carriage one by one. Lou Xiangyun and the others collapsed in the carriage out of breath, their faces pale, and they burst into tears as soon as they opened their mouths. I still want to cry when I think of that scene..." I can't forget what Zhu Guanlong said: "It was the first month of 1985. My cousins ​​Lou Guixian and Lou Huaming and I went to Wenzhou to buy goods. Since the Spring Festival was just over, we couldn't find the goods in Wenzhou for a while, so we went back to the past. We settled down in the area of ​​Yongjia to find the source of goods. We took a motorized tricycle. The tricycle had just left for less than ten minutes when it suddenly collided head-on with an oncoming bus. At that time, I only heard a loud noise. Afterwards, I turned over and disappeared... When I woke up and climbed out of the fallen car, I saw my cousin lying motionless on the side, his mouth and Blood was coming out of the nose. It’s broken, my cousin is dead! My initial reaction was this. And what about Lou Huaming? I turned my head and saw that Lou Huaming was moaning in pain and pointing to his leg: hurry up , My right leg is not working! I saw that his foot was twisted 180 degrees. I remembered that I had studied medicine in the army, so I quickly stepped forward and hugged his leg. I made a twisting action. God has eyes, and it really succeeded! When I turned my head again, I found my cousin’s body twisted slightly, ah, he is still alive! He is still alive! I am sad and happy While telling Lou Huaming, I went on the road to greet passing cars, asking them to help rescue my dying cousin. But...but I was so disappointed and in pain, at least a dozen cars passed by me, none of them People are willing to save us, and I watched my cousin who was lying in a pool of blood pass away in pain with infinite nostalgia for life. My cousin was only 25 years old at the time, and he was supposed to get married on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, but he was arrested for business. The accident just left us forever. Over the years, whenever I think of that scene, my heart is always hard to calm down. Because of the Spring Festival, I begged many people to transport my cousin’s body back to Yiwu, but it took a long time. I couldn't find anyone who was willing to take the corpse, and I was sad for a long time..." I can't forget what Lu Hao said: "My father was a lieutenant colonel instructor in the Kuomintang army. He surrendered in Hangzhou in 1949. After being educated by the party and the government, he was retained to teach at the Nanjing Military Academy of the People's Liberation Army. In the ultra-left era, My father was labeled as a "historical counter-revolutionary" by accident and died of illness in 1965. As soon as he died, I became a "sinner". "Counter-revolutionary bastard" became my childhood alias. Long When I grow up, no one wants to marry a 'bad guy' like me, but I married my cousin, and I have never regretted it, but some people even want to deprive me of the right to live. People in the village can go out Shake the 'rattle', but I can't, it seems that I will go to Taiwan as soon as I go out. The 'ten years of catastrophe' is over, and I have changed from a 'bastard' to a citizen who can exercise legitimate rights like others. But in the first year of opening, all the changes were very, very heavy. People in the village started to do small businesses. I learned and fiddled with it, but as soon as I started, the "gunner" behind came. That year, the team gave me 1,200 yuan of land acquisition fees from the government. I have suffered for almost half my life, and I wanted to start a business like everyone else. So I went to a place near Hangzhou to buy 1,200 pairs of socks. I took the train back to Yiwu. At that time, plainclothes inspectors of the "crackdown on speculators" at the station were lurking everywhere. I just handed a pack of 200 pairs of socks to my wife through the car window, and suddenly several burly men rushed up from behind my wife. Come here, take my wife's arm. I was terrified, and hurriedly withdrew my head back into the car. Then I took off my coat and changed seats. I knew that if I didn't do this, I would face bad luck immediately. Sure enough, several plainclothes inspectors quickly boarded the compartment and searched them one by one. Fortunately, I pretended to be chatting with a passenger as if nothing had happened, so I was not recognized. But when the inspectors got off the bus, I touched my lapel, which was already wet. It was a piece of cold sweat! I was so scared, so scared, I didn’t know what to do: should I get out of the car or what? There was only one thought in my mind: I must never let my family’s 1,200 yuan worth of goods go to waste! Just when I didn’t know what to do When it was good, the car drove away and drove to another place. I was anxious and afraid. At this time, a kind passenger helped me and made me jump off the train halfway. What I will never forget is that night. When I groped my way back home, my wife cried 'wow' and almost breathed a sigh of relief. She told me: The person who came to search the house had just walked away for ten minutes... the next day Early in the morning, I was called to a room in the waiting room of the station for interrogation. Their first sentence was: Confess your crime of abandoning agriculture to start a business and engage in capitalism! Look, how difficult it was to do a small business at that time! What a heart palpitation Ah! After I came out of the small house of "Leniency in Confession, Strictness in Resisting", it seemed that I had two eyes on my back, and I would look back from time to time to see if anyone was watching from behind. My wife persuaded me: What’s there to be afraid of, we didn’t steal or rob, let me sell socks on the street again. I just didn’t want to go, but she let me go. In the end I had to go, when I tremblingly carried a pack of socks to the street Just put it down and was about to shout,I was dumbfounded again: several personnel from the "Crackdown on Speculation" stood in front of me like an iron bread... I was afraid, I really thought that if it hadn't been for the opening of the party's policy later, I would have been insane by now, we Yiwu people At the beginning of the business, there were not many people who went out to shake the 'rattle' every day in a panic like this, and did small business..." On the day I went to the hometown of "Rattle Drum", a special commendation ceremony was being held in Niansanli Town. Dozens of farmers who voluntarily donated money to the government for road construction walked out of the brand new town government building in red and green and holding mirror frames.When I learned of this situation, I really wanted to go forward and interview these peasant brothers who have selflessly contributed to public welfare.But I never went up to bother anyone, because the female party secretary of Niansanli Town told me that most of the roads here were built by farmers themselves.At the beginning, I felt a little pimple in my heart, wondering if the phenomenon of "entrapping" farmers here is very serious?The female secretary laughed and said that you don't know Yiwu people too well.She said that our Yiwu has done a good job in dealing with the interests of farmers in the whole country, and never harmed the farmers on the issue of interests. It is precisely because the policies and systems have always adhered to the correct direction for so many years that the farmers have truly become rich. .Today, the rich farmers are voluntarily contributing money and efforts to support the government in infrastructure construction and public welfare undertakings.For example, in order to further strengthen the local investment environment, the town government recently decided to build a new traffic artery. Since the government couldn’t afford that much money at once, when the farmers knew about it, they took the initiative to organize donations. It took more than 3 million yuan in a few days That's it.The female secretary said proudly: "In Yiwu, the farmers are good at doing business, but they are also the most generous in supporting public welfare undertakings. Thousands of yuan, tens of thousands, or even hundreds of thousands or millions of land I took it out without blinking an eye, and it was a kind of honor. I believe that because in the donation activities after the flood last year, the amount of donations from farmers in Yiwu was the highest in the whole province. It is also the most. A farmer donated 100,000 yuan alone." This is Yiwu people.Every gesture of their hands is convincing and unbelievable, but we are more lacking in understanding the extraordinary experience they experience every time they raise their hands and feet.This is the most important. “廿三里市场后来因为人越来越多，再加上由于受改革开放不断深入的影响，我们义乌的多数出外做小生意的拨浪鼓手，此时已经感到传统的'鸡毛换糖'远不如直接做其它的生意收益好了，特别是那些经常跑广州、上海方向的人，更感到摇几个月拨浪鼓，不如走两趟广州、上海贩点小商品赚得多。再就感到廿三里毕竟是小镇，离火车站、离县城又远，很不适合做买卖，于是摇了几百年拨浪鼓的义乌人，从此放下'鸡毛换糖'的活计，把注意力放在了做各类小商品买卖上。在告别廿三里老街的旧