Chapter 8 Chapter Seven The Second Front

In the Chinese People's War of Liberation, two fronts emerged within Chinese territory.The first front is an open-fire war between the Kuomintang army and the Communist army; the second front is the underground workers of the Communist Party of China and the broad masses of students, workers, and other people from all walks of life. means, and cooperate with the first front in the struggle against the Kuomintang reactionaries.In the Battle of Pingjin, the struggle on the second front in Beiping was extremely active and achieved great results. Beiping, an ancient city with a population of 2 million, has magnificent palaces and temples, unparalleled landscape gardens, magnificent gates and walls, and the highest institution of learning in the country.However, due to perennial warlord melee, eight years of ravages by the Japanese invaders, and the destruction of the Kuomintang reactionary regime, Beiping on the eve of liberation was already devastated.

In September 1945, under the leadership of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China, the Beiping Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, with Liu Ren as the secretary.Under the municipal party committee, there are several underground party leadership organizations, including the Education Committee (student work committee), the work committee (worker work committee), the peace committee (civilian work committee), the railway committee (railway work committee), and the cultural committee (cultural work committee).Soon, with the development of the situation, the Beiping Municipal Party Committee was abolished and reorganized as the leader of the Urban Work Department of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China.At this time, the Ministry of Urban Industry moved to Bo Town in Cang County, Hebei Province, and its name was "Yongmao Company" to the outside world.

After the establishment of the Peking Academic Committee, the members of the Academic Committee successively included: She Diqing, Yang Bozhen, Ren Bin, Zhao Shucai, Tie Gang, Sun Guoliang, Zhang Wensong, Lu Yu, Cui Yueli, Zhang Dazhong, Wang Hanbin, etc.Due to work transfers, there have been some changes in personnel, but the academic committee often maintains four or five people.She Diqing served as secretary. After the semester started in the autumn of 1946, the United University (Peking University, Tsinghua University, Yanjing University, and Nankai University were evacuated to Kunming during the Anti-Japanese War) all moved back to Pingjin and resumed school. , and the Northern Department are co-led.The Southern Department refers to the academic committee led by the Southern Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. The leaders include Yuan Yongzhao, Li Zhi, Wang Hanbin, Li Zhinan, etc. Their direct leader is Qian Ying from the Southern Bureau. In November 1948, the academic committees of the southern and northern departments were formally merged.Wang Hanbin is a member of the academic committee after the merger, in charge of university work.

From the end of 1947 to the beginning of 1948, with the rapid development of the situation, four committees were set up under the Academic Committee.One is the University Committee, with Zhang Dazhong as the secretary, and members including Song Rufen, Xiang Ziming, and Xiao Song (joined after the merger of the North and South Departments); the Vocational Youth Committee (professional youth work committee), with Cui Yueli as the secretary, and members including Shen Bo, Zhang Peng, Xu Wei; Secondary School Committee, with Yang Bozhen and Li Xiaolu successively serving as secretaries, members including Du Ping, Yu Ying, Li Ying, and Li Guang; Primary and Secondary Education Committee (primary and middle school teachers’ working committee), Xue Chengye as secretary, and members including Liang Yiqiu and Zhang Tianyong .

During the War of Liberation, the Party organizations in universities and middle schools developed rapidly. Twelve colleges and universities including the School of Grammar and the National Academy of Arts have established party branches or general branches.In more than 50 middle schools, the No. 3 Boys Middle School, the No. 4 Boys Middle School, the Male Middle School Attached to the Normal University, Hebei High School, the No. 1 Girls Middle School, the No. 2 Girls Middle School, the No. , Huiwen, Chongde, Qiushi, Chengda, Zhicheng, Yiwen, Datong, Huizhong, Yuqing, etc. Most of the municipal, private, missionary middle schools and vocational schools have also established party branches.Major and middle schools have branches of the party's peripheral organizations, the Democratic Youth League and the Democratic League.

By the eve of liberation, the Beiping underground party had grown to more than 3,300 members (including the southern branch), and about 5,000 members in the party's peripheral secret organizations "Democratic Youth League" and "Democratic Youth League".There are also underground party branches or party members in factories, newspaper offices, railway bureaus, telecommunications bureaus, and even the party, government, military, police, constitutional, and special agencies of the Kuomintang.They lead the workers, students, handicraftsmen, shop assistants, and the working people in the struggle against civil war, hunger, and persecution, making the Kuomintang authorities and the North China "suppression generals" sit on the crater of a volcano that is about to erupt all day long. Panic!

At the beginning of November 1948, after the Liaoshen Campaign, the enemy in North China had become a frightened bird, and some senior Kuomintang officials fled south with their families.The North China "Suppression General" stepped up to expand troops, dispatch troops and generals, strengthen city defenses, and prepare for a decisive battle with the People's Liberation Army.In order to grasp the enemy's situation in time and liberate Beiping as soon as possible, according to the needs of the struggle situation, the peace intelligence department affiliated to the Central Committee conscientiously implemented the policy of "boldly letting go, actively attacking, heightening vigilance, distinguishing between internal and external, distinguishing between near and far, and multi-line management". Relying closely on the broad masses of the people, being brave and resourceful, going deep into the tiger's den, and collecting a large amount of important political and military intelligence of the Kuomintang played an extremely important role in the PLA's implementation of correct major military decisions.

During the War of Liberation, there were three main systems for carrying out intelligence work in Beiping: the first was the Urban Work Department system of the Jinchaji Central Bureau (later changed to the North China Bureau), whose main task was to do party and mass work, and to collect some intelligence; It is the system of the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, whose main task is intelligence work; the third is the enemy industry system of the People's Liberation Army, whose main task is to collect military intelligence and instigate work against the enemy.

The Central Ministry of Social Affairs has four units engaged in intelligence work in Beiping: Jinchaji Social Affairs Department, Minister Xu Jianguo; Shanxi, Hebei, Luyu Social Department, Minister Yang Qiqing; After June 2010, under the direct leadership of the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Central Committee), Feng Jiping, the station chief; The Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Ministry of Social Affairs has intelligence teams directly under Ganling and Zhang Mianxue in Beiping; there are 7 intelligence contact stations in Pingxi, Pingbei, Mancheng, Shimen (ie Shijiazhuang), Taiyuan, Jizhong, and Jidong.The Jizhong District Social Department under the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Ministry of Social Affairs has a Pingbao (Ding) intelligence station (master Zhang Lie), and has a direct intelligence team in Beiping.The Ministry of Social Affairs of Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan has established intelligence stations in Beiping and Tianjin.

In May 1948, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei and Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Hebei Liberated Areas were merged into the North China Liberated Area, and the social departments of the two liberated areas were merged into the North China Bureau Social Department. Minister Xu Jianguo, deputy ministers Yang Qiqing and Bu Shengguang. During the War of Liberation, especially on the eve of the liberation of Beiping, under the correct leadership of the party, the intelligence agencies set out from the general direction of liberating Beiping, aimed at the Kuomintang party, government, army, police, constitution, and special agencies, and collected military intelligence as their goal. Lord, adopted the working method of "breaking in" and "pulling out", and collected the following types of information:

1. The enemy's military mobilization and deployment, combat plan, troop strength, establishment, designation, weapons and equipment information; 2. Information on the construction of city defense fortifications, communication methods such as code words and secret words used by the enemy, and information on traffic rear, supply transportation, etc.; 3. Information such as the name, characteristics, commanding ability, relationship between officers and soldiers of the enemy commander, soldiers' combat emotions, internal contradictions, and ideological dynamics; 4. Information on the organization, tasks, and activities of enemy agents.So that our party and our army have an accurate and reliable basis for judging the enemy's situation, making up our minds, and deploying forces. On December 14, 1948, after the Beiping Defenders were besieged, there were only a small number of those who were buried for the Chiang Kai-shek government when the general situation was over. The ants on the ground are circling around, trying to retreat and find a way.This created a great opportunity for the underground party to instigate rebellion.The enemy workers seized this good opportunity to actively attack the Kuomintang party, government, army, and special forces, stepped up propaganda, and carried out political disintegration, prompting some leaders to revolt, and made a major contribution to the liberation of Peiping. At that time, the Kuomintang army had an armored car corps in Beiping, which was divided into three brigades, No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4, which were responsible for the defense of Qianmen, Yongdingmen, Guang'anmen, and Xizhimen. Yu Weizhe, the captain of the first team, is the 8th graduate of the Northeast Lecture Hall.When the Red Army's Long March arrived in northern Shaanxi, Yu Weizhe was re-elected company commander of the 109th Division of the 57th Army when He Zhuguo was the commander of the Northeast Army. In the battle of Zhiluo Town in the winter of 1935, Yu Weizhe became a prisoner of the Red Army. At the beginning of 1936, Yu was sent to study in the "White Army Officer Study Class" organized by the Red Army in Wayaobao.In his studies, he made rapid progress and joined the Communist Party.After studying, he was sent back to work in the Northeast Army.In the Kuomintang army, he did a lot of secret work for the party, and later lost contact with the party.On the eve of the liberation of Peiping, it was not easy to get in touch with Wei Yan, an underground party member of the Ministry of Industry of the North China Bureau.When the People's Liberation Army began to besiege the city, Cui Yueli, secretary-general of the Education Committee of the Ministry of Urban Industry, told Wang Su, who was in charge of the enemy's work, to contact Yu Weizhe, so Wang Su and Wei Yan came to Yu's home on the beach together.Wang and Yu negotiated that once the People's Liberation Army attacked the city and sent a signal, a large group of iron cars would attack Yongdingmen from Qianmen Railway Station, break through the gap, cooperate with the inside and outside, and welcome the People's Liberation Army to enter the city (Wang Su: "The Ups and Downs of the Enemy's Cave Battle" ). One day in mid-December 1948, when the People's Liberation Army had just surrounded Beiping City, Cui Yueli informed Wang Su: "Lieutenant General Chi Fengcheng of North China's "Suppression General" told Li Xiaolu of the Academic Committee that Major General Xu Zongyao, head of the Beiping Station of the Military Command, hoped to find the underground party of the Communist Party of China. Please come forward and contact him.” After meeting Wang Su and Li Xiaolu, it was confirmed that Li took Wang to Chifengcheng’s home to meet Xu Zongyao, using the pseudonym of “Wang Bosheng” as a representative of the CCP’s underground party. On December 18, Wang Su came to Chi Fengcheng's house as scheduled. Chi opened the door himself and let Wang into a very luxurious living room.After Wang Su sat down, Chi Fengcheng said straight to the point: "When the People's Liberation Army soldiers approached the city, Mao Renfeng, the leader of the military command, ordered his confidant Wang Puchen to hand over the position of the station chief of the military command Beiping to Xu Zongyao. '. Now Xu Zongyao is waiting to take over, and is eager to get in touch with the underground party, intending to surrender." At this point, Chi Fengcheng stopped suddenly.Then, he focused his eyes on Wang Su's face and asked: "Would you like to meet him?" Wang Su replied unhurriedly, "Yes." Chi Fengcheng walked out of the living room, and brought Xu Zongyao with him in a short while.Then, Chi walked out knowingly, leaving only Wang and Xu in the living room. After a few words of politeness, Xu Zongyao said: "Mao Renfeng, director of the Bureau of Secrecy, appointed me to succeed the station chief of the Military Command Beiping Station, and ordered me to set up a latent team for the Military Command. Do you think I will take up my post?" Seeing Xu's sincerity, Wang Su said very clearly: "You are willing to abandon the dark side and turn to the bright side. Our party welcomes you. Since you have decided to surrender, you can certainly take up the post. But you must keep reporting the situation to us and strive for meritorious service. As for We can be responsible for the safety of your life and property." Xu Zongyao thought for a moment and said, "I want to go to the liberated area now." "I have to ask my superiors about going to the Liberated Areas. However, in my personal opinion, the best place for you to make meritorious service is in Beiping." Wang Su was answering Xu's question and doing Xu's ideological work, pointing out that Xu Toucheng The best solution is to "make meritorious service with crime". After the conversation was over, Wang Su reported the situation to Liu Ren through Cui Yueli that day.Early the next morning, Liu Ren sent an instruction through the underground radio station: You can continue to contact Xu Zongyao, and ask Xu to do three things, namely, protect files, protect political prisoners, and stay in Beiping as the station master. On the morning of December 19, Wang Su met with Xu Zongyao again at Chifengcheng's home. Wang told Xu: I have asked my superiors for instructions and told you to work hard to do three things well and make contributions in Beiping.Xu said that this time the Communist Party allowed him to surrender, and he would be smashed to pieces, and he would not hesitate. Since then, Wang and Xu have met several times.During this period, Xu basically completed the three things the party ordered him to do, and made a detailed report to Wang Su on the situation at Beiping Station and the internal situation of the military command.After liberation, the public security department of Beiping City carried out the anti-specialist struggle relatively smoothly, and Xu Zongyao had a share of the credit. On the evening of January 30, 1949, Wang Su asked Xu Zongyao to meet at Chi Fengcheng's home.This time Wang Su went to Chi's house in the car of an enemy officer who had already surrendered, and Xu went to Chi's house in his own car. The station agency moved out a batch of guns, ammunition, and telecommunications equipment stored in the military system from the cellar in the backyard, and transported them to the home of the officer who had surrendered.In this batch, there are 5 boxes of brand-new US-made revolvers (12 in each box), 4 new-style US-made transceivers, half-sacks of scattered pistols, and some bullets. On the eve of the liberation of Beiping, Zhou Wenlong, commander of the local miscellaneous army with more than 2,700 people, was often active in Fangshan, Laishui, and Zhuoxian areas. It's a lot of work.After Zhou Wenlong's uprising, he received a short-term training in Longwa Village, where Fanglaizhuo's intelligence station is located, which inspired him to awaken and hope that he would take the crime and make meritorious service.He offered to have a good relationship with Zou Lijing, commander of the armored division in Beiping City, and was willing to do Zou's work. During the siege of Beiping, Zou's armored division was stationed on the line from Xibianmen to Yongdingmen. After Zhou Wenlong entered the city and saw Zou Lijing, he told Zou about the military situation and the Communist Party's policies based on his own experience. Zou was very educated.Zou Xiang: Zhou Wenlong is a well-known "King of Murder" in the Fanglaizhuo area. The Communist Party treats Zhou so well, and does not blame the past, and guarantees the safety of the whole family.I have never killed anyone, and the Communist Party will definitely treat me better.Therefore, Zou quickly agreed to lead an armed uprising, and accepted the task assigned by the party: once the People's Liberation Army attacked the city, Zou led his troops to respond internally. Establish an underground radio station to communicate the connection between the underground party in Beiping and our party's leading organs in the liberated areas, so that the mass movement led by the underground party and the military struggle can be closely combined to form a whole, and the information collected by the CCP's underground staff fighting in the enemy's camp It has been Liu Ren's long-cherished wish for many years to send the information to the liberated areas in a timely and safe manner. Captured the enemy's American-made three-purpose radio station in the Battle of Chaoyangji As early as 1942, Liu Ren first recruited Li Xue, a maintenance officer, from the branch radio station. In the spring of 1943, Zhao Zhenmin, a radio operator, was transferred from the Jizhong Military Division. In July of the same year, Zhao was sent to Tianjin to cover in a comrade's home.Zhao copied and received Xinhua News Agency's clear-coded telegrams underground day after day in Tianjin. Zhao's tasks were: familiarize himself with the urban living environment, find out the rules of underground work, and conduct "technical training." After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Beiping, which was surrounded by base areas, was seized by the Kuomintang.In order to carry out underground work, the Ministry of Urban Industry set up five working committees in Beiping. In July 1946, Liu Ren sent Zhao Zhenmin to Beiping to set up a receiving point, and the radio station and radio operator Aishan of the Ministry of Urban Industry in the liberated area began to send reports.From then on, Zhao could receive news from Ai Shan's "home" every day, but Ai only sent it and Zhao only received it, in preparation for the official notification. At the beginning of 1947, according to the development of the situation and the needs of the underground struggle, Liu Ren sent Li Xue to Beiping to establish an underground radio station, preparing for the official notification of the Beiping underground radio station and the liberated areas. In April 1948, Liu Ren sent Ai Shan into the city.Prior to this, the Underground Party Academic Committee had transferred Wang Chaoxiang, a radio operator and underground party member from the inspection desk of the Central News Agency of the Kuomintang in Beiping and the Seventh District Administration Bureau, to the underground reception desk.In this way, the three telegraph operators—Zhao Zhenmin, Ai Shan, and Wang Chaoxiang—were all there.Translator Cen Tieyan is directly led by the secretary of the academic committee, She Diqing. In June, Liu Ren sent Fang Ting, a translator and interpreter, into the city. If there are people, there must also be transceivers, and this is called a radio station.At that time, communication equipment could be bought in the Kuomintang-controlled areas, but transmitters were "prohibited" and not for sale.what to do?Only self-reliance. In order to solve the problem of making his own transmitter, Li Xue, with the approval of the organization, used the funds for underground work to open a "Longyun Electronic Materials Store" on Xisi North Street as a base for the radio station.Cui Yueli, secretary-general of the Academic Committee, recruited Liu Zhiyi to act as the manager of the electrical material store.Liu had a lot of contacts in Beiping, but his family lived in a nunnery, which was very convenient for cover.After Zhao Zhenmin was sent to the city, he lived in Liu's house and tried to report to the radio station in the liberated area.The "shareholder" of the electricity store is Li Xue, and Zhao Zhenmin is the "buddy".The "shareholder" and "buddy" hid in the backyard by taking advantage of the various conveniences provided by the electronics store, and assembled four transmitters by themselves, three of which were kept in Peiping, and one was transported to Tianjin for the underground party in Tianjin. use. With the transmitter, the receiver is easier to handle.Liu Zhiyi bought one through his relationship, and asked someone to buy another in Tianjin, sharing two taels of gold, and the other was refitted by Li Xue with a short-wave radio. In addition to Longyun Electronic Materials Store, the underground radio station also has another stronghold, which is the Jiujiu Photo Studio in the Xidan shopping mall. This is a ready-made photo studio bought by the underground party. Li Xue is the "treasurer" of the photo studio, Zhang Bin, a radio traffic officer, is an accountant, and Wu Kuande, another traffic officer, hides here under the pretense of being on duty at night to look after the house.During the day, Wu set up a temporary stall outside the north gate of the mall to sell cigarettes and candy, and relayed telegrams secretly.Xu Shulin, Cui Yueli's trafficman, often came to pick up and deliver telegrams under the pretext of "buying cigarettes". There are people and machines, but if you want to hide and carry out work for a long time, you must have a legal place to work.So the party organization established "families" for them. These "families" were established due to the needs of the revolution. Although their members are not a family, they care about each other and are intimate, even closer than a family. In order to deceive people, these "homes" are arranged in a very similar way, very like a "rich family".Take Zhao Zhenmin's "home" for example, Yu Gu seems to have shares in the Xidanbei Candy Store, his house is quite spacious, and his life seems to be quite affluent to outsiders.She also deliberately hung the photo of American Ambassador Leighton Stuart on the wall as a shield.The security chief of the car dealership came to visit, and Yu Gu seemed to be discussing business with him, deliberately showing that he had a family business and a solid foundation.In order to avoid the Kuomintang's capture of soldiers, the underground party gave a tael of gold as a reward, and Yu Gusi bought Zhao Zhenmin an ID card of a Kuomintang cavalry sergeant as a talisman through his relationship. The house where Ai Shan and Fang Ting's mother later lived was originally the newlywed residence of the Kuomintang Air Force pilot. An underground party member bought the house and furniture together before the pilot fled south with his family in a hurry.The newly refurbished houses are all furnished with Western-style furniture and are beautifully furnished. How could the Kuomintang agents pay attention to such a well-behaved "rich family" who lives in seclusion, does not cause trouble, and behaves well? Li Xue is the person in charge of the underground radio station, and he handles all the station setup, fund raising, technical guidance, machine maintenance, and so on.When necessary, he was also responsible for the connection between the underground radio station and the liberated area, and traveled between Beiping City and the liberated area many times.He often wears a pair of sunglasses, rides a motorcycle, and runs around the city of Beiping at lightning speed. The snobbish Kuomintang military police probably regard him as a wealthy young man from a rich family, and he has never been questioned or suspected. . Underground radio stations are extremely secretive, and they are targets that the enemy will try their best to search, capture and destroy. In the spring of 1948, the Kuomintang had 10 jeeps carrying instruments to carry out mobile reconnaissance in the city. Therefore, Liu Ren asked the radio station personnel to protect the radio station even if they did not eat or sleep.The comrades in the radio station, in order to protect the radio station, have adopted a series of technical measures to deal with the enemy. "Changeable" is a good way to deal with enemies.The wavelength, call sign and password of the radio station are often changed. The three operators have moved several times and changed their residences. Before September 1948, the amount of telegrams sent was not too large, and the three stations operated in rotation, and the time of sending and receiving telegrams was staggered from each other, and the telegrams to and from telegrams should be as short as possible.In this way, it is difficult for the enemy to grasp the activity pattern of our radio station, and it is not easy to find our radio signal.Even if you hear a suspicious signal for a while, it disappears quickly, and you can't find it again. At that time, it was also stipulated that all telegrams sent to the radio station and telegrams sent from the radio station should be written in secret.Since the message is very short, it can be written on a small piece of paper, which is easy to carry and can be handled in time in case of an emergency. The password used by the underground radio station was carefully compiled by the radio station staff with the participation of Liu Ren.Since 1946, Liu Ren, together with Li Xue and He Zhao, has painstakingly researched several sets of ciphers, and selected the four-corner number dictionary as the codebook from several versions of dictionaries collected.Liu Ren said: To engage in cryptography, one must learn to use legal conditions, such as some published novels, song books, and dictionaries, all of which can be used as cryptography tools.After Fang Ting arrived in Beiping, he bought two sets of chapter-back romance novels with the same name at the bookstall in Xidan shopping mall, a set of four volumes, and the content of the books was very boring.Fang arbitrarily determined a certain number of lines in one of the volumes as the base of the code, and then secretly wrote and informed Liu Ren's translator, He Zhao, to send the novel together with the set of novels back to the Ministry of Urban Engineering through underground transportation. He Zhao notified Fang after proofreading pavilion.Since then, the two of them have started working with this set of codes. The transceiver is the weapon used by the underground radio station to fight against the enemy. The radio staff, especially the radio operator, store the machine tightly to prevent the enemy from destroying it. Aishan hid the machine in the mezzanine of the kitchen next to the bed, which was full of clothes.Zhao Zhenmin cut a hole in the wall, the machine was hidden inside, and a hanger was nailed outside.Wang Chaoxiang's radio station was hidden in a hole in the wall behind the wooden board of the telephone.The antennas used by the radio stations are also tried to be camouflaged. According to the memory of Fang Ting, the translator at that time: Our radio station did not have those thrilling and fascinating thrilling scenes in the movie, there was no fighting, and there was no shooting.What we have is nothing more than ordinary and trivial work, prudent actions and loyalty to the cause of the party.In Beiping, an important nest of the Chiang Kai-shek clique, none of our three underground radio stations was discovered by the enemy. This seems to be a "miracle".In fact, the "miracle" is not surprising.This is because "in addition to adopting the above technical measures, our radio station staff also consciously enforced the party's underground work discipline." Half a century has passed, and when the author wants to find the telegrams of the contents sent and received by the underground radio station, it is already very difficult.According to Kadi, a telegraph translator of the Ministry of Urban Industry in the liberated area, recalled: the telegrams translated by the underground radio stations did not keep drafts, but the telegrams sent and received in the liberated areas must be preserved.Not long after Peking was liberated, Liu Ren and her sorted out all the telegrams, packed them into a package, and handed them over to the North China Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for archives. According to the memories of the staff of the underground radio station at that time, the telegrams they sent included: On October 20th, 1948, Fu Zuoyi reported information about the surprise attack on Shijiazhuang and Xibaipo; in November, Fu Zuoyi returned from a meeting in Nanjing and sent a telegram to Chairman Mao, saying How many troops and how many planes he controls, he wants to hand over to Chairman Mao to command, and hopes that Chairman Mao will send representatives to negotiate; in December, after the Battle of Pingjin, the underground party can collect information about the mobilization of enemy troops and the whereabouts of enemy military trains every day Intelligence, underground radio stations report to "home" (their affectionate name for the liberated area) almost every day.This type of telegram has been translated and sent a lot, such as the 35th Army, the Temporary Third (i.e. 104th) Army, the 16th Army, the 92nd Army, the 94th Army, the 13th Army, etc. These enemy troops The translators can memorize their Arabic codes, as well as place names such as Xinbaoan, Zhangjiakou, Nankou, Changping, Fengtai, Langfang, and Tanggu. After the People's Liberation Army besieged the city, the enemy's land and air passages were cut off, and the enemy built a temporary airport in Dongdan.In order to seal off the airport and cut off the enemy's air escape, the People's Liberation Army fired artillery here.Start hit rate is very low.At that time, the artillery targeting equipment was relatively backward, and there was no reconnaissance aircraft for correcting shells.Therefore, the underground party members directly observed the specific landing point of each shell, and then reported to the liberated area through the radio.With the cooperation of the underground party, the ballistic trajectory was finally calibrated, and Dongdan Airport was quickly blocked with artillery fire. In addition, when the People's Liberation Army was preparing to attack the city, the underground party had accepted the task to find out the location, height, and thickness of each city gate and city wall. The information after clarification was also reported to the Pingjin Front Command through the underground radio station. On January 29, 1949, the radio station received a telegram from Liu Ren: "At 1:00 noon on January 31, our army entered the city with a salute from Xizhimen and organized the masses to welcome them. Notify the heads of various underground committees and hold a meeting at He Zhao's home on the afternoon of the 30th. .” The next afternoon, Liu Ren came to Comrade He Zhao's house in a jeep. After Liu Ren entered the door, he saw Li Xue who was waiting in the courtyard. The first sentence he asked was: "Is there something wrong with the radio station?" Li Xue reported. : Everyone is safe.Liu Ren announced on the spot: "Notify the radio station, stop contacting." Amidst the cheers of the peaceful liberation of Peking, the Peking underground radio station completed the glorious mission entrusted by the party and ended its own battle victoriously! Late at night on November 3, 1948, in Fu Zuoyi's bedroom, the eldest daughter Fu Dongju stood in front of the bookshelf, flipping through books impatiently to pass the time.Suddenly, the words ""On the Coalition Government" Mao Zedong" on a thin booklet caught her eyes.She took it out and saw that the pages of the book were full of circles, dots, straight lines, curves, and drawings all over the book. Suddenly, a sound of a trumpet interrupted her contemplation.She put the book "On Coalition Government" in a prominent place on the table and went out to welcome it. Fu Zuoyi opened the door and came in, handed the military cap he took off to Fu Dongju, and asked with concern: "Juzi, are you still up so late?" Fu Zuoyi put down the document bag in his hand and sat on the sofa in the outer room.At this time, he found that the light in the bedroom was on, and he pretended to be angry and said, "What are you doing in my room again? I really can't help you journalists. The ears are long, and the mouth is also long. It doesn't matter if the ears are long, and the mouth is long." If you talk about it everywhere, you will be opposed by others, and they will not dare to tell you anything in the future." "Dad, don't worry. I came to Beiping this time and took a long vacation. I came here to serve Dad. You have not been doing well at work recently, and you are in a bad mood, and you are not in good health. You don't want to do some things in life. Let the orderly do it. I have a little sickness and pain, but I always endure it. Sooner or later, my body will be damaged. So, Dad, don’t worry, the newspaper office has not assigned me any tasks, and I don’t want to interview or report anything in Beiping. You fought I don’t understand and am not interested in it, and I will never write articles about it!” Last month, for her safety, the Tianjin party organization asked her to go back to Beiping to take refuge temporarily under the pretext of going to Beiping for interviews and writing articles.More than ten days passed, and when she was ready to take the train back to Tianjin after completing her writing task, Ping Ming Daily reporter Li Bingquan chased her to the train station and said to her, "The underground party organization wants you to stay in Beiping and do your father's job." At first, Li Bingquan and Wen Lizhi (Wen Yiduo's nephew) contacted her. Later, Wang Hanbin, the head of the Southern Bureau's Academic Committee in Peking, directly led her. Not long after, She Diqing, the secretary of the Northern Bureau's Academic Committee, joined her.Since her organizational relationship had not been transferred from Tianjin, She Diqing thought she was just a member of the "Minqing Youth League" and had not joined the party organization, so she said to her: You write an autobiography, and the party organization decided to recruit you into the party.Fu Dongju didn't say anything, and did as he said.She joined the party for the second time. Today, more than 40 years later, Fu Dongju couldn't help laughing when talking about this past event.She said: "The first time I joined the party was in the autumn of 1947. It was Comrade Li Ding, a reporter from Tianjin's "Ta Kung Pao" who sat opposite me and worked in the office, who developed me into the party. Li Ding and I knew each other when we were students at Southwest Associated University. He knew I am a member of the peripheral organization of the party. I once wanted to introduce me to join the party. At that time, I thought I was not qualified enough, so I was delayed. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, we all went to work for Tianjin "Ta Kung Pao". In the autumn of 1947, he mentioned this again. I agreed. Li Ding said: You write an autobiography and wait in the dormitory. Someone will come to you with a newspaper. The two of you are considered a group and live an organizational life together. On that day, I carefully I closed the door quietly, sat quietly on the bed, and waited for the mysterious person to arrive. I never thought that the person who opened the door was none other than my boyfriend Zhou Yizhi. At first, I thought he had something else. Something came to me, he saw my puzzled eyes, waving the newspaper in his hand, I understood that he was the person I was waiting for, and we both laughed at the same time. After arriving in Peiping, She asked me to join the party , I was young at the time, and I didn’t know why he asked me to join the party again, and because I wanted to save face, it was inconvenient to ask more questions, so I agreed." After Fu Dongju joined the Party for the second time in Beiping, She Diqing gave her the task of testing General Fu Zuoyi. She said in the tone of a child asking an adult for advice: "Father, today I met a classmate who cared about me and you very much. He said: 'Now the Liberation War is developing rapidly. Your father used to be an anti-Japanese hero. He fought side by side with the Eighth Route Army and cooperated in the anti-Japanese war. Therefore, it is possible to accept peace talks. 'The Communist Party hopes that you will lay down your arms and cooperate with the Communist Party to liberate Beiping peacefully and avoid the destruction of the ancient cultural capital by war!" When Fu Zuoyi heard this, he immediately asked, "Are you talking about the real Communist Party or the military command? Don't be fooled. If you meet a fake Communist Party, you will be in trouble." Fu Dongju said: "It's my classmate, it's the real Communist Party, not the fake Communist Party, let alone the military command." Fu Zuoyi pondered for a while and asked again: "Is it sent by Mao Zedong? Or was it sent by Nie Rongzhen?" Fu Dongju replied: "It was sent by Mao Zedong." "This is a big deal. I have to think carefully before telling you. However, you must be careful in your actions, and don't run around if you have nothing to do. Just because you are my daughter, the spies will definitely pay attention to you." The work of fighting for Fu Zuoyi's uprising began in early 1948.At that time, Liu Ren, director of the Urban and Industrial Department of the North China Bureau of the Communist Party of China, instructed the underground party in Beiping to approach and influence people around Fu through various social relations and do Fu's work.The comrades of the underground party in Beiping carefully selected their targets. After a long period of understanding, they gradually publicized the CCP’s policies and won them to cooperate with our party. In the decisive battle across North China, the North China issue was resolved peacefully without bloodshed.By the autumn of 1948, on the eve of the launch of the Pingjin Campaign, the Beiping underground party had worked hard to open up four direct channels to General Fu. , must take into account the interests of the people, as well as him and his troops. The first channel is through Liu Houtong, a major general of the Fu Ministry. In the spring of 1948, Liu Ren informed Wang Su, who was in charge of the work of the enemy workers of the Peking School Committee, to come to Bo Town.After Wang arrived in Bo Town, Liu Ren introduced Zeng Changning, a philosophy student at Nankai University in Tianjin and an underground party member, to Wang Su, and explained the task to them face-to-face, doing Fu Zuoyi's work through Zeng Changning's father, Zeng Yanyi. Zeng Yanyi, a native of Huanggang County, Hubei Province, and Fu Zuoyi are both cadets of the fifth batch of Baoding Military Academy. They used to be in the artillery department, and Fu was in the infantry department.The relationship between the two is very close, and they once worshiped their brothers.When Fu Zuoyi was guarding Zhuozhou, he served as the commander of the artillery regiment and shared hardships with Fu. At the beginning of November 1937, Fu led his troops to guard Taiyuan City.When the Taiyuan campaign entered a tense stage, Zeng Yanyi, the deputy commander of the army, took the excuse of going out of the city to inspect the position, and led his close personnel to leave from the south gate.As soon as the news spread, people passed the "deputy" army commander to "Fu" army commander, saying that if Fu army commander ran away, the city would be unable to defend.After Taiyuan fell, he returned to Tianjin to find a job and became an apartment. Zeng Changning told Wang Su her family's address in Tianjin in Bo Town, and made an appointment for Wang to meet her father in Tianjin.A few days later, Wang went to Tianjin and met with Zeng Yanyi.The first time they met, Zeng Yanyi talked about the situation.He said: "The Chiang Kai-shek government is very corrupt, but it is not easy for your Communist Party to overthrow it." Later, Wang Su went to Tianjin once or twice a month to meet and have long talks with Zeng. Now that Wang and Zeng are getting acquainted, we can talk about more profound issues.Wang Su said to Zeng: "When you go to Peiping, ask Fu Zuoyi to be the commander of the army. With military power, you can play a role when necessary." Zeng went to Peiping for this reason, and asked Fu Zuoyi to lead troops to fight.Although Fu was very polite, he refused to give him real power, and only agreed to consider giving him the false title of deputy commander-in-chief of the "North China" suppression general. Zeng Yanyi saw that this brother didn't talk much about friendship, so he gave up and returned to Tianjin.He said to Wang Su: Although it is difficult for him to do Fu's work directly, he can do Liu Houtong's work, and then do Fu's work through Liu (Wang Su: "The Ups and Downs of the Battle at the Enemy Point"). Liu Houtong was Fu Zuoyi's teacher and a counselor of Fu's department.Lives in Tianjin and often goes to Peking.Fu Zuoyi respected him very much. In October 1948, after the People's Liberation Army's strategic counter-offensive began, the Kuomintang was in decline. Fu Zuoyi invited him to live in Beiping so that he could discuss matters at any time.Liu Houtong has a daughter named Liu Hangsheng, who is a student of Tianjin Yaohua Middle School and a member of the underground "National League".A few days ago, she went to Bo Town, and Liu Ren talked to her personally. She was very happy to do her father's work.When she left Bo Town, the weather was already cold, and Liu Ren gave her a fur coat.Afterwards, Liu Houtong directly contacted Cui Yueli, secretary-general of the Academic Committee, and agreed to meet twice a week in the office of President Wu Yuheng of the Peking High Court. 吴煜恒是民盟负责人之一，在大后方时，曾与董必武同志有过工作来往，吴待人诚恳，对和平解放北平很热心，为刘、崔见面提供了方便。初次见面还设宴招待了刘和崔。 崔月犁与刘厚同见面，是在谈判，也是在谈心交朋友。看样子，刘老先生很喜欢和崔月犁这个年轻的共产党员交朋友，刘老送给崔一张他们全家人的照片。当时军统特务活动很猖狂，刘厚同说：“如果一个星期（即两次）不见你来，我就认为你被特务抓了去，我便请傅先生派人到监狱找你。”有两次，崔有急事未能如期赴约，可急坏了刘老先生，他真的要傅作义派人到各监狱查问，查来查去，也没查到同仁医院的李献农大夫（崔的化名和掩护身份）。后来见面时，刘告诉崔：没有找到你，有个同仁医院的孙大夫倒是找到了。由此看来，刘老先生对共产党是友好的，也是讲信义的。 刘、崔直接接触3个月的时间，刘老先生对促成和谈尽了很大力。从当时刘老先生所谈情况，可以清楚地看出傅作义思想转变的复杂过程，及刘老对博所做的思想说服工作。 第二条渠道，就是通过傅作义将军的长女傅冬菊。 傅冬菊，聪慧伶俐，又是傅将军第一个夫人张金强的第一个孩子，所以傅作义很是疼爱。抗战初期，她在重庆南开中学读书，经常利用星期天、节假日，到中共党驻重庆办事处或《新华日报》社来玩，周恩来经常与她促膝谈心，以她的思想再去影响她的父亲，所以她不仅思想进步，而且还参加了地下学生联合会组织的抗日救亡组织“号角社”。中学毕业后，她考入了昆明的“西南联合大学”，在联大她加入了党的外围组织“民青”。 每当傅作义反对共产党、进攻解放区时，她都要与父亲谈形势，讲利害。比如，1945年秋和1946年秋，傅作义两次公开致电毛泽东主席，说什么共产党打了内战的第一枪，劝毛主席放下武器，到国民党政府中去做官，以及后来傅率部占领张家口后，傅冬菊专程来到张家口，与爸爸谈了个通宵。她以傅作义抗日胜利后说的一句“想解甲归田”为引子，大做文章。她说爸爸“表里不一，言行两样”，一面高唱“解甲归田”，一面充当蒋介石打内战的急先锋，解危大同，攻占张家口……使傅作义无言以对。她现在是天津《大公报》的记者，为了开展对傅作义的争取工作，北系学委书记佘涤清与南系学委书记王汉斌商定，将她和她的爱人周毅之（地下党员）调来北平做长驻北平的记者，以便留在她父亲身边，做说服和规劝她父亲的工作。此外，她还以照顾父亲生活为由，与父亲生活在一起，这就可以了解到傅作义的思想动态。特别是傅作义派代表与解放军开始谈判后，傅冬菊每天都要到东皇城根李中同志家里和崔月犁（有时是佘涤清）见面，她总是高高兴兴、满面笑容、不慌不忙地把她父亲的情况原原本本地告诉崔月犁（或佘涤清）。傅作义有时思想斗争激烈，唉声叹气，发脾气，转圈子（在室内长时间地踱步），嚼牙签，甚至想自杀。对傅作义这些细微的情绪变化，地下党都很清楚。有时头天晚上发生的事，第二天一早就知道了；上午发生的事，下午就知道了。这些情况地下党都及时写成电文，由交通员迅速送译电员，再送地下电台，直接报告刘仁，由刘仁及时转给平津前线指挥部。 解放后，聂荣臻司令员对刘仁谈起此事时说：“你们对傅作义的动态了解得可真清楚，在战场上，像这样迅速、准确地了解敌军最高指挥官的动态乃至情绪变化，在战争史上是罕见的。它对我军作出正确的判断，定下正确的决心，进行正确的部署，具有重要作用。” 第三条渠道，就是通过华北“剿总”联络处长李腾九。 李腾九，字荣骅，河北任丘人，1903年4月生，1919年8月至1923年8月，在保定军校第9期步兵科学习，与傅作义可称为前后同学。1932年到绥远傅作义的三十五军任中校团副，1933年升上校参谋长。1935年任三十五军通讯处长、1938年5月任绥远游击军少将参谋长。1941年任第八战区军务处长，1945年8月改为第十二战区军务处长。 李腾九从20世纪20年代末至抗日战争胜利，20多年，一直追随于傅作义左右，患难与共，甘苦同事。1946年8月，傅作义成立第十二战区驻平办事处，命李为办事处处长。办事处设于东城史家胡同，负责接待傅部来平办事人员及北平有关单位的联络事宜。1947年傅的总部由归绥（今呼和浩特市）迁至张家口，办事处改称为张垣绥署驻平办事处。1948年1月，傅作义升为华北“剿总”司令，总部进驻北平西郊罗道庄，办事处改名为华北总部联络处，地址迁到御河桥二号院，即原日本大使馆。联络处对外又叫联谊处，任务主要是替傅作义招待高级客人，并替傅部出席城内非军事性的比较重要的会议。联络处名义上是华北“剿总”的一个单位，但在工作上与总部其他单位没有横的关系，而直接受傅作义领导，对傅负责，实际上是个独立单位。 李腾九有个堂弟叫李炳泉，1919年3月生，1938年秋，入西南联大地质地理气象系学习，1940年12月在联大由李晨同志介绍加入中国共产党。 1946年春，他回到北平后，先后在《道报》、《益世报》任记者。是年秋，他听说在傅部工作多年的堂兄李腾九回到了北平，于是，他特地来到东城史家胡同傅部驻平办事处来看李腾九。兄弟多年未见，聊起了别后的经历与遭遇。从此，他们交往密切。 傅作义每次来平，一般都要举办记者招待会，或接待记者采访，这些活动通常由李腾九组织和主持。李炳泉当时是《益世报》外勤记者，这种活动李腾九都事先告诉他，请他参加。后来，李炳泉听说傅作义要在北平筹办《平明日报》，希望堂兄介绍他去。主持筹办《平明日报》的负责人，也就是以后担任社长的崔载之，是李腾九多年老同事，而且报纸筹办期间的经费及与各方面的接洽事宜，都由李腾九所负责的驻平办事处协助办理。当李腾九向崔介绍了炳泉后，崔欣然同意。二人见面，谈得很融洽。李炳泉进入了《平明日报》并当上了采访部主任。 李炳泉是中共党员，属南系学委。他是受党的指示进入《平明日报》从事地下工作的。到《平明日报》后，他有了较好的职业和合法身份，可借工作之便，深入搜集党所需要的情报。 当时，李腾九并不知道他是中共党员。他有时到李腾九家去，谈些国民党倒行逆施，不得人心必然灭亡，共产党顺乎民意、迟早会取得胜利这类有关时局的话，堂兄也未怀疑他是中共党员，因为当时一般有识之士和思想进步的青年，都持这种看法。李炳泉对国民党内部的腐败堕落的情形，耳闻目睹，亦甚憎恶，所以他们是一唱一和，十分投机。李腾九认为：凭他们兄弟之谊，可以畅所欲言，无须避讳。事实上，李炳泉这些言论，都是在潜移默化地做堂兄的思想工作。 崔载之很敏感，他和李炳泉共事不久，就感到李炳泉思想左倾。一次，他征询李腾九的看法，李说：“炳泉眼光锐利，思想进步，工作能干，是个不错的青年，决不会有其他问题。”崔笑着说：“他如果是这个（用右手的拇指和食指，比画了个八字），也不会公开告诉你。”不过，崔载之政治上比较开明，特别是对李炳泉的工作比较满意，因而有时还给李炳泉种种方便，并竭力注意李炳泉的安全。 1948年11月初，辽沈战役结束，东北全境解放。一天，李腾九听说东北解放军可能很快就要入关了，他感到局势严重，华北难保，覆巢之下焉有完卵，他个人命运如何，也茫然不知，心情烦闷不安。这时，他想起了堂弟李炳泉，何不去找他谈谈，看他有什么良方妙法？ 李腾九来到东城乃兹府大草厂甲16号李炳泉家时，炳泉及其胞弟炳璜均在。李腾九毫不避讳谈了他的烦闷。 李炳泉说：“会有办法的。事在人为，傅先生如能认清形势，还是有希望的。” 李腾九问：“希望在哪里？” 李炳泉沉思了一下，说：“东北、华北两大野战军主力就要会师，北平行将被围，兵临城下，怎么办？还是以和平解决为最上策。傅先生如果仍自不量力，幻想支撑危局，甚至企图负隅顽抗，孤注一掷，不仅这座古都将毁于战火，兵民伤亡无数，而且傅先生也将身败名裂，成为人民的罪人。东北决战中，国民党六十军中将军长曾泽生在长春率部起义，当他们拉到解放区，老百姓和解放军早烧好了开水，做好了饭莱，热情地迎接他们。东北野战军第一兵团司令员萧劲光、政委肖华接见了曾泽生将军，并请曾将军继续任军长。共产党说话是算数的，对俘虏还讲优待，不杀，不打，不搜腰包，对起义的部队或个人，一定会更宽大，更优待的，一定会给予妥善安排，会有光明前途的。” 李腾九讲：“炳泉弟所言极是，我深为赞同，我一定寻找机会向傅先生进言，务期必成。” 李炳泉见堂兄态度坚决，接着说：“我是奉中共北平地下党的指示和你谈话的，中共方面希望以和平方式解放北平，请你相机动员傅先生抛弃幻想，通过和平谈判，解决北平问题。” 李腾九听后，兴奋异常，不安的情绪一扫而光，抑制不住内心的高兴：“炳泉弟，你原来就是共产党啊，是策动傅先生起义的北平地下党的代表啊！有你这些话，我心里就有了底数，向傅先生进言也就有勇气了！” 12月6日，三十五军在返平途中，被华北解放军包围在新保安地区，北平合围之势，也行将完成。此时傅作义感到形势严重，日益焦虑不安。经常独自一人在室内踱来踱去，一言不发。李腾九认为这是向傅进言之机，便乘傅先生独自思量之时，悄然入见。 李腾九问：“今后方针大计，究竟如何？” 傅反问：“你说如何？” 李说：“至此，只有和、战二字，不能战只有和。” 傅问：“如何和法？” 李答：“我的堂弟李炳泉以中共北平地下党代表身份，奉命来谈，希望通过我能与总司令秘密会见。不管谈的结果如何，至少可以了解对方意图。”李腾九在说这些话时，傅作义将军一直靠在沙发上眯着眼睛听着，面部没有表情，貌似平静如常。 李谈完后，傅睁开眼睛说：“这要妥善研究，你可继续联系，无论如何要注意李炳泉先生的安全，必要时可住到你那里。” 第四条渠道就是通过杜任之。 杜任之，受中共地下党的委派，于济南战役后，首先对傅作义将军进行了策动，希望傅能效法吴化文将军与中共谈判，和平解放北平。此后，杜与傅的联系一直没有中断。10月20日前后，弟弟杜敬之告诉他：“刘厚同已经来平，住御河桥二号'联谊社'，你要不要见见他，你们共同做傅先生的工作，力量不更大些吗？” 杜任之同意后，杜敬之当即打电话与刘厚同打了招呼，说他哥哥杜任之去见他，有事同他商议。 杜任之来到联谊社后，刘厚同非常热情，对杜也很尊重。他们首先漫谈了全国军政形势和可能发生的变化，当即杜含蓄地提出：在这种形势下，傅将军是否可另作他图？ " 刘老先生说：“国共军政形势发展到今天，我早已料到了。今年2月间，宜生把我从天津接来北平商谈军政大事，我就对他说，政治是军事的根本，未有政治不修明而军事能打胜仗的。南京政府政治腐败，军政官吏贪污腐化，蒋介石所作所为不合人民心理，违反历史潮流，必然失败。现在各战场连遭失败，恐怕南京政府维持不到一年半载了。” 杜任之觉得刘厚同对政治问题很敏感，也有一定眼光，于是说：“你既然看清了形势，按你和宜生的关系，是否可以劝宜生与中共和谈，和平解放北平？识时务者为英雄，这样宜生本人也不失为一个英雄嘛！” 刘厚同说：“前一个来月，共产党刘仁派人来见我，要我劝宜生效法吴化文帮助解放军解放济南的方式解放北平。我对来人说，吴化文是投降将军，傅作义是杀头将军，傅宁肯杀头也不会投降，那人没说什么就走了。你是了解宜生的，你看他能向共产党投降吗？” “与中共谈判和平解放北平决不是投降，就国共对峙的战局来说，也可以说是起义。” 刘说：“我认为按照中共组织联合政府的主张，可用辛亥革命的方式，由宜生通电全国。主张和平，同时先在华北实行和平，然后促成全国和平，重新召开全国政治协商会议，组织联合政府。” 杜说：“首先和平解放北平影响全国，对国家对人民对宜生都大有好处，这是一个伟大的壮举。最近，蒋先生（指蒋介石）在北平，宜生工作很忙，我见不到宜生本人，希望你以我们两个人的名义与宜生深切地谈谈这个问题。” 刘说：“如果与中共和平谈判，先在北平组织联合政府，通电全国，推动全国和平，我很愿意与宜生谈谈，我想他也能接受。” 杜任之心想，要紧的是先和谈，和谈一开，一定会有发展、变化，刘既答应找傅去谈，他就不便再驳刘的组织联合政府的意见了。于是，他就告辞，刘厚同热情地把他送出联谊社。 一两天后，杜任之听杜敬之说：蒋介石为了挽救东北败局，命令傅作义组织兵力，偷袭石家庄、西柏坡。杜任之听到这一消息后，又立即去找刘厚同。 杜说：“宜生此举甚是愚蠢，一则不可能袭击成功；纵然能取得某些胜利，他的军队也必然要在中途遭到解放军歼灭，不可能再回来。更主要的是此举必然要加深与中共的恶感，堵上和谈之路，请你立即告诉宜生，快快电令部队停止前进，迅速撤回。” 刘厚同二话没说，拿起电话，向傅作义说明利害和杜的意见。这以后，杜任之在见不到傅作义的情况下，常去联谊社看望刘厚同，转达地下党对傅作义的希望。有时，刘厚同也把傅作义的想法带给杜任之。 北平台基厂前日本大使馆，是傅作义总部的高级招待所。一位年过七旬的老人，已经在这里住了多日了。作为辛亥革命的老前辈，他在人们的心目中有不可撼动的地位。他曾经担任过甘肃省军政部长兼总招讨使，现在是傅作义的少将参议，出谋划策之人，傅作义的老师——刘厚同先生。 傅作义把他从天津请来，经常与他商讨军政要事。这位老先生与傅作义有深交，也与共产党有交往。这样，他便成了共产党与傅作义接触的重要媒介人物，也成了共产党与傅作义的桥梁式的角色。 刘厚同为北平和平解放劳累奔走了数个月，被人们誉为“和平老人”。 一日晚间，刘厚同再一次去傅作义住所游说：“宜生，是当机立断的时候了，要顺应人心，和平谈判，万万不可自我毁灭，万万不可！” 傅作义不吭声，过了好久，他才说：“走和谈的路我不是没有想过，前些日子我不是告诉你可以谈吗？可是后来一想，这么走了也是绝路，对不起中央军，会被人看成是叛逆。”他的心理负担很重，讲这话时声音低沉。 刘厚同给自己的学生讲起了商汤放夏桀、武王伐纣的历史故事。他说：“汤是桀的臣，武王是殷纣王的臣，夏桀和殷纣王是历史上着名的暴君，汤率诸侯和奴隶一举推翻了夏桀，建立了商朝，武王推翻了纣王，建立了周朝。后人不但不称汤和武王是叛逆，反而还赞美他们。应该忠于人民，而非忠于一个人。目前国事败坏成这个样子，人民希望和平，政府必须改造。认清潮流，识时务者为俊杰。如果你顺应人心，起来倡导和平，天下民众会箪食壶浆来欢迎你，谁还会说你是叛逆。” 俗话说，一把钥匙开一把锁。古语有言：一言可以兴邦。刘厚同关于“汤和武王是叛逆吗”的一席话，真是一语中的，傅作义陷入了深深的思考，心想对蒋介石的叛逆却顺应了共产党的要求，符合人民的利益，这种叛逆行的是正道，也许是一条唯一正确光明的道。 想到这里，傅作义似乎全身轻松了许多，忙向老师道别，同时脸上露出了近几个月来少有的笑容。