Chapter 14 Battle of Xuanda

After successive victories in the two offensive campaigns of Yinan and Yingqu, Xu Xiangqian and Chen Changhao decided to take advantage of the victory to launch the Xuan (Han) Da (county) campaign to attack the Kuomintang entrenched in Xuanhan, Daxian, Wanyuan, Chengkou and other places. The Liu Cunhou Department of the 23rd Army of the Army further expanded the Sichuan-Shanxi Soviet Area.Attacking Liu Cunhou also has an important purpose. He has occupied Daxian for more than 20 years. On the basis of cruel exploitation and fish and flesh, he has accumulated relatively rich assets, including arsenals, printing factories, guns, ammunition, silver coins, and cloth. Wait, the Red Army urgently needs these things in order to establish a solid base.

Liu Cunhou, courtesy name Jizhi, was born in Jianyang, Sichuan, and was born in Juren in the late Qing Dynasty. In 1903, Liu Cunhou entered the Sichuan Armed Forces Academy to study; in 1904, he was selected by the Sichuan Military Academy to send him to the Sixth Infantry Division of the Japanese Army Non-commissioned Officer Academy. After graduating in the spring of 1910, he returned to China and served as the director of the Yunnan Military Academy; Guardian. In 1915, he served as the commander-in-chief of the Sichuan National Defense Army. In 1917, he was appointed as the governor of Sichuan by the Beiyang government.In April of this year, Liu Cunhou met with Luo Peijin, the acting governor of Sichuan, which opened the curtain of the seventeen-year warlord melee in Sichuan.In the melee of warlords, Liu Cunhou's strength was gradually reduced. In May 1924, the Beiyang government reappointed Liu Cunhou as the Sichuan-Shaanxi Frontier Defense Supervision Office and the Sichuan Army Inspection Envoy. The sphere of influence was only the counties of the original Suiding Prefecture; The rest of the three regiments, supported by one brigade each from Deng Xihou and Tian Songyao, retreated to the Wanyuan, Chengkou, Xuanhan, and Suiding areas in northeast Sichuan. After 1927, Liu Cunhou declared his allegiance to the National Government and was appointed as the commander of the 23rd Army of the National Revolutionary Army.

Although he belonged to a dilapidated household in the warlord melee, Liu Cunhou still did not forget his old glory. He used the honorary titles bestowed on him by the Beiyang warlord government in all foreign exchanges: First-class Honor, First-class Wenhu Badge, First-class Baoguang Jiahe Badge, Chongwei General. In March 1935, the ninth and tenth issues of "Guowen Weekly" serialized "Impressions of the Red Suppression in Northeast Sichuan". When talking about Liu Cunhou, the words were teasing and sarcastic: Although this old general had accepted the title of commander of the 23rd Army of the National Revolutionary Army entrusted to him by the Nationalist Government, he still longed for him in the era of "Wu Yushuai" in his mind, and the national emblem he used was still "Five colors", not "blue sky and white sun".On the plaque he inscribed as a gift to Suizu Lianhe Middle School, he inscribed the honorary title of "One Honor, First-class Wenhu Badge, First-class Baoguang Jiahe Badge, General Chongwei".Not only in form, but also in spirit, he completely inherited the cultural relics of the Beiyang warlord era.

Liu Cunhou has been endangering Sichuan for a long time, and the people of Sichuan called him "plague cow." Liu Cunhou is an old warlord in Sichuan. During the warlord's scuffle, in order to preserve his status, he was capricious.First attached to Cai E, then to Zhang Xun and Duan Qirui, and then to Chiang Kai-shek, known as "Liu thick face".Liu Cunhou is very good at management. He built a large-scale military factory in Suiding City, his hometown. He is known as one of the three major military factories in China. There are also clothing factories, printing factories, paper factories, and cloth shoe factories. Taste.Liu Cunhou issued financial currency by himself, and stored a large amount of gold bricks, silver ingots, and oceans in the city.

Liu Cunhou's 23rd Army has about 15 regiments under the jurisdiction of the First Division, the Second Division, the Independent Brigade and the Third Army, with nearly 20,000 people.The thirteen regiments of its main force are deployed from Wanyuan in the northeast, passing through Huangzhongbao, Litan River and other places in the southwest, and reaching the Qiaowan River line west of Daxian in the south. The defense line is more than 300 miles long, and the rear is empty. The Daxian area where the left-behind headquarters is located.After Tian Songyao and Yang Sen were defeated, Liu Cunhou lost his barrier, and his "good days" came to an end.

Fifty kilometers north of Jiangkou Town, there is an ancient town called Desheng Town. It is said that the general guarding the western border got its name when he went out to fight and returned victorious.Desheng Town is not big, only about a hundred households. The bluestone pavement, black-gray wooden houses, and black tiles show its age.In Desheng Town, there is an ancient temple named Beishan Temple, which is said to have been built in the Ming Dynasty. Beishan Temple was built against the mountain, surrounded by green pines and cypresses.Due to the long history, the walls of the temple are mottled and mottled, and against the backdrop of pines and cypresses, they are more simple and majestic. A large bronze incense burner in front of the temple has lost its incense due to the chaos of war.

Desheng Town is the throat area leading to Jiangkou, which has important strategic significance.After the Fourth Red Army captured Tongnanba, the 11th Division of the 30th Red Army was stationed in Desheng Town, and the military headquarters was located in Beishan Temple.Due to the presence of the Red Army, Beishan Temple, which had been neglected for many years, became popular again. At the beginning of October 1934, when the weather was cool, the headquarters of the Fourth Red Army held a meeting of cadres above the army in Beishan Temple.Zhang Guotao, Chen Changhao, Xu Xiangqian, Wang Shusheng, Li Xiannian, Wang Hongkun, He Wei, Zhan Caifang and others attended the meeting. Xu Xiangqian and Chen Changhao presided over the meeting.The meeting decided to eliminate Liu Cunhou, expand the base area, seize his military enterprises and inventory materials, gold and silver, and strengthen the strength of the base area.At this time, the Eastern Sichuan Special Committee of the Communist Party of China transferred information from Nanchong through the Sichuan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China: a detailed drawing of the specific location and deployment of Liu Cunhou's arsenal, clothing factory, and warehouse in Suiding City.Seeing that Liu Cunhou had so many "family properties", these senior commanders of the Red Army were all very happy. Xu Xiangqian especially valued Liu Cunhou's arsenal.

The meeting formulated the operational policy of the Xuanda Campaign and deployed a specific operational plan: First, a part of the force actively feigned movement along the east bank of the Jialing River, resulting in a westward advance, and paralyzed Liu Cunhou; with more than a dozen regiments of the main force, they secretly assembled on the eastern front, surprised the enemy, launched an attack, and made a breakthrough in the center. Then Chen Changhao led the Red Army. In the 30th Army, Xu Qianqian led the Ninth Red Army to attack in two rounds, encircling and annihilating the enemy in sections.Front Army Headquarters and Xuanda Campaign Headquarters are located in Wenchang Palace in Shiqiao Town, Daxian County.

The specific deployment is: the four regiments of the 30th Red Army are the first echelon, and the 25th Division of the Ninth Red Army is the second echelon to form the middle road. From Liuping to the land fortress and other positions in the middle of the enemy's defense line, the main attack will be carried out to make a central breakthrough; The other battalion of the two regiments of the 10th Division of the Army and a regiment of the 12th Division formed the left road, attacking from Hongkouchang to Zhenlongguan and other places; Action in the middle.In order to conceal their intentions and confuse the enemy, before the start of the battle, the Red Army troops distributed along the Jialing River carried out feigned moves to Guangyuan, Cangxi, Peng'an and other places along the Jialing River, and made a big move westward.More than a dozen regiments of the main force secretly assembled on the Eastern Front.

After the various troops started to move, Liu Cunhou really thought that the Red Army was going to attack Tian Songyao and Yang Sen on the western front, so he was leisurely and content, not much wary. On the night of October 16, 1933, the troops responsible for the central and left missions marched towards the predetermined area. At dawn on the 17th, a full-scale offensive started.The key point of the assault across the board is Yandengzhai.Yandeng Village is located on a cliff, condescending, overlooking the surroundings. The enemy has set up a firepower point here to control the attack channel. If this place is not destroyed, the assault troops will be covered by the enemy's fire net.But the terrain here is dangerous, with cliffs tens of meters or even hundreds of meters deep on three sides, and a trail leading to the rear, which is easy to defend but difficult to attack.If there is a strong attack, there will be huge casualties.The head of the headquarters decided to use the Red Army's specialty to climb the cliff and attack.Before the full-scale attack was launched, the soldiers of the 268th Regiment of the Red Thirty Army of the central assault force risked falling off the cliff, clinging to the cliff like a gecko, and slowly climbing up.At dawn, the enemies in Yandengzhai were still in their dreams. They never dreamed that the Red Army would turn over from such a steep cliff. When the gunshots rang out, all the enemies blew up their nests, screaming and running around. The guy was taken as a prisoner with his bare buttocks.Within half an hour, all the firepower of Yandeng Village was in the hands of the Red Army.The gap opened, and the ministries rushed in immediately.

After the first echelon started, the second echelon successively captured Qiujiabao and Maduguan, defeated the enemy's fifth regiment, broke through the middle line of defense, and forced the enemy to flee south.On the 19th, a part of the Ninth Red Army captured Bandongya and Jianzishan, the key points in the north of Xuanhan City. The defenders abandoned the city and fled to the south. The Red Army successfully captured Xuanhan City.Li Xiannian, political commissar of the 30th Army, led two regiments into Luojiangkou, 30 miles northeast of Zhanda County.Li Xiannian left a regiment to control Luojiangkou, and he and Wang Jian'an, political commissar of the 88th Division, personally led the 263rd Regiment known as the "Iron Hammer Regiment" to Phoenix Mountain in the north of the city.There is about one regiment of enemy troops on the mountain, relying on favorable terrain and strong fortifications, they stopped the Red 263 regiment. Wang Jian'an, the political commissar of the 88th Division, is famous for not being afraid of death in battle. Whenever he fights, he takes the lead and does not hold a gun. He holds a sharp and bright knife in his hand and charges forward with a loud shout. Just like a dry firewood being ignited, it explodes with a bang, and this momentum alone makes the enemy terrified.The 263rd Regiment under the 88th Division is also a strong steel brigade. The head of the regiment, Chen Xilian, is brave in battle, and the style of the troops is extremely tenacious and vigorous. For this reason, the 263rd Regiment was awarded the title of "Iron Hammer Regiment". On the 20th, the troops of the 263rd Regiment arrived at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain outside Suiding City. When they saw the enemy shooting wildly on the mountain, Chen Xilian smiled disdainfully. reserve team. Li Xiannian admired this kind of warrior, and he agreed.Without further ado, Chen Xilian waved his hand, and the 263rd Regiment, like a group of tigers, immediately pounced on the enemy.The fierce battle between the two sides was in full swing, when suddenly the charge sounded in the city, and the sound of machine guns kept ringing.The enemy guards on the mountain were in a mess. Chen Xilian took advantage of the situation to seize Fenghuang Mountain and entered the city. As soon as Chen Xilian entered the city, he saw Li Xiannian head-on. He asked in surprise, "Commissar, you entered the city before we entered the city. How did you get in?" Li Xiannian said with a smile: "I had a brainstorm and thought about it." It turned out that when Chen Xilian attacked Fenghuang Mountain, the defenders in the city sent to help Fenghuang Mountain, but were repelled by the third battalion commanded by Li Xiannian.Li Xiannian ordered the commandos of the army to put on the clothes and hats of the Sichuan Army, blend in with the defeated enemy, and enter the city easily. As soon as the commandos entered the city, they immediately took control of the Catholic Church, the tallest building in the city. No. 1, set up a machine gun and fired at the Bank Building, Liu Cunhou's old nest. Confused officials and confused soldiers, the "National News Weekly" at that time (March 1935) published such a story: There is also a regiment of soldiers guarding Suicheng, and the leader of the regiment is Jiang.When he got a report that the red bandits were coming to kill Suicheng, he ordered one of his battalion commanders surnamed Zhu to take a battalion of soldiers to guard the Gospel Church on Fenghuang Mountain behind Suicheng, so that when the red bandits came, they could resist there. At least it can be used as a cover so that the luggage in the city can be transported away in time.For some reason, the confused battalion commander mistook the Gospel Hall for the revival site (it is sixty or seventy miles northwest of Suicheng, not a road).This mistake was so wrong that the red bandits arrived at Suicheng without any resistance.It came so erratically that the vanguard of the seven red bandits scared away Old General Liu, who was still drinking and composing poems in the city while holding his spirits, by shooting in all directions. The Red Army suddenly entered the city, and Liu Cunhou's soul was immediately dissipated. When the Red Army's attack just started, Liu Cunhou thought it was "harassment" by the guerrilla army in eastern Sichuan, and he didn't care. Weapons, drinking and holding spirits in the mansion every day.Unexpectedly, the Red Army's offensive was so fierce. In just a few days, the basic fortifications and commanding heights that he had painstakingly managed quickly collapsed, and the troops were in chaos. When the old general fled the city in a hurry with his precious family members, the horses with them held the pontoon bridge outside the south gate imposingly with portable machine guns and rifles, and did not allow any common people to leave—poor Ordinary people are restricted even in their right to escape!Some people who didn't know anything were forced to squeeze by the consciousness of fleeing for their lives. Although they never died under the gun, they were pushed into the river and drowned in the river. "Sichuan Morning Post" reported on October 27, 1933: "Abandoning Xuanhan, Liu Cunhou made up his mind early on, until the Communist bandits had already approached the city, Liu Shang sent troops along the door to demand money." Jizhi) is still trying to search, concentrates the cash in his office, and is indifferent to defense. Liu is more concerned about the various donations sent by Xuanhan. Send a soldier to force you to sit on the rope... If you want to be full, then raise... My declaration has fallen Under the thunderous blow of the Red Army, the enemy towns of Longguan, Shiwochang, Wulongtai and other important places fell one after another. The five regiments of Liu Cunhou's Wanyuan garrison abandoned the city and retreated south. The 25th Division followed and pursued until the area east of Xuanhan City. On the 21st, the Red Army occupied Wanyuan City and reached the outskirts of the city. In this battle, the rotten Liu Cunhou was unable to contend with the Red Army at all. The Red Army's attack was like a sweep, destroying the dead, and completely driving Liu Cunhou's forces out of Xuan and Da.Hearing that Liu Cunhou lost the two cities of Xuan and Da, Chiang Kai-shek was extremely angry, and immediately dismissed Liu Cunhou: Liu Cunhou, the commander of the 23rd Army of the Army, had no way to defend against the bandits. Xu Xiangqian was particularly satisfied with the results of this battle. He recalled in the article "Recalling the Creation of the Sichuan-Shanxi Revolutionary Base Area": From Liu Cunhou's hands, we also seized a lot of things, such as weapons, ammunition, silver dollars, cloth, printing machines, etc. The seizures were really rich. There were more than 5 million rounds of bullets and more than 200,000 pieces of cotton cloth. question.In particular, we set up an arsenal, and we used it to make grenades and bullets, and repair guns, which played a big role in fighting Liu Xiang later.If we hadn't attacked Xuanhan and Daxian, or if we hadn't fought well, hadn't seized many things to supplement ourselves, and hadn't moved the enemy's arsenal to the base area, then we would have encountered even greater difficulties in fighting Liuxiang.After fighting for such a long time, you don't have grenades, rifles, bullets, and mortars. How can you rely on big knives, sticks, and stones?How can defeat the enemy with superior equipment? After entering Sichuan, the Red Army captured several counties of the enemy, but Da County was extraordinary. The history of Da County can be traced back to the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties BC. In the seventh year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1802), Da County was renamed Suiding Prefecture. In 2 years (1913), Suiding abolished the prefecture and saved the county, and Suiding was renamed Daxian.Liu Cunhou has been operating in Da County for many years, building factories and opening banks, and Da County has become a famous economic center in eastern Sichuan.The Red Army captured Da County, shaking the whole Sichuan. At that time, Chongqing and Wanxian were in a state of shock; people were panicked, and there were rumors several times a day; Movable property was transported to Shanghai and Han. The Red Army captured a lot in this battle, but the Red Army soldiers were basically composed of poor peasants. After the capture of Daxian, the soldiers, including many cadres, entered the Grand View Garden like Grandma Liu, making a lot of jokes and causing a lot of losses.For example, some people ate leather shoe polish and ink as cans, making their mouths black and could not be washed off; some soldiers used bags of flour as lime and carried them to the city wall for fortification; , After opening it, I found white smoke coming out, so I knew I couldn't drink it.After the army captured the telecommunications office, they smashed all the precious batteries and destroyed all the telegraph machines. Telegrams were thrown everywhere inside and outside the house. Bundles of telephone wires were thrown away and no one cleaned them up. Packing rope.After hearing the news, Song Kanfu, the director of the radio station, came and looked at the equipment that was seized in the room but was damaged by his own soldiers, trembling with distress.In Liu Cunhou's supervisory office, maps, documents, and military books were thrown all over the floor. Some people even tore up the maps to wipe their buttocks and wrap things.In the oil depot, gasoline and kerosene were moved around indiscriminately.The books in the library were turned over and smashed.Chen Xilian threw the gold ingots into the cesspit and left an anecdote. Chen Xilian was called by Li Xiannian "the most capable general in the 30th Army".He led a delegation to attack Liu Cunhou's mansion first, and slept in the mansion that night.The next day, Li Xiannian and Zheng Yizhai, head of the General Manager Department, came to count the spoils. They saw many gold bricks under Chen Xilian's bed. Turn it in, and hide it under the bunk!" Chen Xilian said: "What's there to hide these copper pieces! I'm not used to sleeping on soft beds, so I put them under my body. I threw many of them into the cesspit." Zheng Yizhai shook his head again and again: "What a pity! What a pity! Do you know what this is? This is gold, a gold brick! Comrade!" He immediately organized people to fish out the gold bricks thrown in from the cesspit. These situations aroused the concern of some leaders in the headquarters. Song Kanfu, head of the Radio Station of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army, immediately wrote an article "Some Opinions on Occupying Central Cities": This time we have won a great victory on the Eastern Front.Within a few days, the three counties of Suiding, Xuanhan, and Wanyuan were seized; especially the relatively central Suiding County, which was the base of Liu Ni (Cunhou)'s rule in Northeast Sichuan for more than ten years. In addition to all the military reserves of Liu Ni's army, there are relatively complete arsenals, radio stations, telegraph offices, telephone offices, and relatively large shops, factories, and schools.These important departments fell into our hands completely at that time because the remnants of the enemy fled in a hurry without any damage or removal.However, since our army occupied the city, they have not paid enough attention to these departments... All the materials and machinery related to the city cannot be distinguished and cherished according to their nature; as a result... all valuable materials for military use have suffered a partial loss.For example: 1. We occupied Suiding for a few days, but the most important arsenal did not have an armed guard.Let people enter the factory freely, rummaging around, and stealing sporadic materials and tools from the factory.Of course, the counter-revolutionaries took the opportunity to enter the factory and destroy it. The glass water batteries of radio stations and telephone exchanges were smashed all over the house... 2. The confiscation of goods from large stores is also lacking in an organized process; in particular, no attention has been paid to distinguishing which ones belong to the military and should be temporarily sealed up for custody, and which ones should be distributed by the masses. Therefore, some Regarding military materials, they were also thrown away randomly... Fighting for ten days before and after the Xuanda Battle, Liu Cunhou's troops were severely damaged, more than 1,000 enemies were killed, more than 3,000 officers and soldiers below the brigade commander were captured, and more than 8,000 long and short guns, three cannons, two radio stations, and 200,000 cotton cloth were seized. There were more than 20,000 sets of horses and cotton clothes, and the Soviet area expanded about 150 kilometers eastward, connecting with the guerrilla bases in eastern Sichuan. What is particularly important is that this time they seized a complete set of equipment for the arsenal, quilt factory, mint, and printing factory. When the Red Army took over, there were more than 1,400 workers in the arsenal, 138 machine tools, three large round cars each weighing more than 700 kilograms, the bullet mill weighing more than 800 kilograms, and the press weighing 700 kilograms. More than one hundred catties, more than eight hundred pieces of copper bricks, each weighing ninety to one hundred catties.In addition, there are more than 100 tanks of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid, more than 10,000 catties of steel, more than 20,000 catties of coke, more than 20,000 catties of concentrated sulfuric acid and soil nitric acid, and more than 20,000 catties of miscellaneous copper.A large number of finished and semi-finished machine guns, rifles, mortars, bullets, grenades. This is the most abundant seizure since the Red Army entered Sichuan.Zheng Yizhai, head of the General Manager Department of the Red Army, heard the news, and immediately rushed to Daxian from Tongjiang Starry Night with Zhang Qinqiu, director of the Political Department of the Fourth Front Army General Hospital of the Red Army.Seeing these devices, he was delighted from ear to ear.With these factory equipment, the Red Army can produce guns, ammunition and clothing by itself, and its logistical supply capacity will be greatly enhanced. As in the Battle of Yinan, the biggest seizure in the Battle of Xuanda was Liu Cunhou's several factories and a large amount of supplies in stock.After the battle, the head of the headquarters was most anxious about how to move the seized factories away as soon as possible, so that they could serve the Red Army and base construction.Chen Changhao, Zheng Yizhai, and Fu Zhong repeatedly discussed this matter, and finally decided to mobilize a large number of Soviet labor force to carry it as soon as possible.Fu Chongbi, then Party Secretary of Tongjiang County, immediately mobilized more than 60,000 laborers to rush for the transportation after receiving the notice from the Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee.There is water in the transported materials. Since the porters are all farmers, they don’t understand the dangers of water, and they don’t know what to pay attention to when carrying water. When carrying, they accidentally knocked down a bucket, and the fallen buckets continued Several barrels were knocked down, the barrels broke, and the water splashed everywhere, burning more than a hundred people at once.The crowd didn't know how powerful this thing was, so they immediately hid away, and no one dared to touch the bucket again.Helpless, Fu Chongbi sent someone to Da County to invite professionals who had managed the water to guide the removal.Due to a major accident, Fu Chongbi also made an inspection to the Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee. Tens of thousands of people transported continuously for nearly a week, and finally transported all the machinery and equipment back to the base area.Wu Ruilin, who personally participated in the organization of factory transportation, recalled in the article "Fighting in the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area": When I returned to the headquarters, I first reported to Deputy Director Fu Zhong of the General Political Department, and then went to the room of Political Commissar Chen Changhao. The factory and other equipment and materials are transported to the rear of Tong, Nan, and Pakistan... ... Commissar Chen said that Liu Cunhou had seized a lot of equipment and materials, and now they must be moved back to the rear in time.Ships are used to transport large machines by water, and some small and medium-sized machines are transported by people by land.Because it is a mountain road, the road is rough and narrow, and the local Soviet should also be called on to mobilize the masses to rush to repair the road.Right now it is the rainy season in northern Sichuan, with a lot of rain and heavy water, so the roads that have been washed away must be repaired as soon as possible.The wharf by the river is reinforced and built. Because the machine is large, it is laborious to get on and off the boat, and the road is not good for fear of damage.The technicians are responsible for the task of dismantling large machines, and they must be absolutely responsible to ensure that they are not damaged, and they can be installed and used immediately after being transported to the rear.Judging from the materials to be transported, I suggest transporting the equipment of the arsenal first...The Soviets of counties, districts, and townships along the way should set up reception stations and shelters to ensure that the transporters eat well and sleep well... Commissar Chen listened and said that my opinions were very good.Then he asked again: "Where do you think the equipment of these arsenals, quilt factories, and printing factories will be shipped and installed?" I said: "I have thought about this problem too. Goujiawan, where there is a compound for the captain of the security team, including the main courtyard, the front courtyard, the west courtyard, and the south courtyard. It is only five or six miles away from the wharf by water, and the place is spacious and relatively convenient.” Political commissar Chen nodded after hearing this and said: "Then put the arsenal there." I said: "...As for the printing factory, I suggest that it be located in Shaxizui, and the quilt factory can be located in Jiziding. In the territory of Tongjiang, it is not only the rear area, but also a large mountainous area, and the road is relatively difficult to walk..." Finally, Political Commissar Chen emphasized to us: "At present, under the supervision of Chiang Kai-shek, Liu Xiang has ended the civil war against Liu Wenhui, and is now preparing to launch a new "encirclement and suppression" campaign against our army. The factory equipment and seized materials in the county... This is also an urgent combat task. We must hurry up and work overtime... This is as significant as smashing the enemy's "encirclement and suppression". Those who are responsible must be dealt with seriously..." In order to complete this transportation task, Vice Minister Zhao Bingrun of the Supply Department personally participated in the leadership. ... During the task of completing the big relocation, Vice Minister Zhao Bingrun and I were busy on the front line with the workers from the beginning to the end... personally took Secretary Zhou Chunquan, Secretary General Wu Yongkang and Director of Propaganda Liu Ruilong to the factory to visit the workers... and from the province Five fat pigs were transferred to the labor reform team of the Security Bureau to comfort the laborers... The enthusiasm of the workers was mobilized, and everyone worked overtime to repair guns for the Red Army, and repaired a batch of guns in a short period of time... Then, those printing factories, Garment factories have also moved here one after another and started production.As a result, we once again satisfactorily completed this large transportation task within the specified time. The three battles of Yinan, Yingqu, and Xuanda were external offensive battles. Through these three battles, the Red Army had an in-depth understanding of the combat strength of the Sichuan warlords, and summed up a set of effective means and tactics to fight against them. It improved the geographical characteristics of Sichuan, improved the ability of mountain fighting, river fighting, and night fighting, and formed a set of tactical ideas for both offense and defense.Through these three campaigns, the base area expanded to start from Chengkou in the east, to the banks of the Jialing River in the west, to Yingshan and Daxian in the south, and to Zhenba and Ningqiang in Shaanxi in the north, with an area of ​​more than 42,000 square kilometers and a population of more than 500. Wan, the Soviet regime was established in 23 counties and one city, and the Sichuan-Shaanxi base area also entered its heyday. After the victory of the Xuanda Battle, Chen Changhao made a serious summary as before, and did not forget to point out the existing problems: First,... Now I look down on the enemy very much, thinking that with this great victory, it seems that there will be no enemy attack... On the contrary, although the enemy failed, the new attack led by Liu Xiang is still under attack. Actively arrange.In fact, now is the time for us to directly declare war with Liu Xiang, and we must prepare tens of thousands of times... Second, (a) The main military liaison is too poor.It took Comrade Chunquan two days to lay down Zhenlongguan before a simple letter arrived, and it took another two days for it to be delivered to us, which hindered the main action for a day.Otherwise, it will be one day earlier to fight Xuanhan and Suiding, and the victory will be greater. (B) Cannot take the opportunity to wipe out the enemy.The 1st Battalion of the 264th Regiment was ordered to fight at Longbeichang and took the only rear route of Zhenlong Pass, but the battalion retreated along this road... (C) Bullets were constantly hitting, and the shots were inaccurate, and the enemy retreated indiscriminately, killing and wounding The enemy is not big, so the enemy can take advantage of the gap to run away, but it cannot be completely wiped out. (D) When chasing the enemy, you don't know how to make detours or detours. You only know how to follow behind, so that most of the enemy can retreat with peace of mind.I don't know how to pursue the enemy as thoroughly as possible. The enemies in Qiujiapu and Land Fort have already retreated and chased them in disorder.The 1st Battalion of the 75th Regiment pursued to the pass, and the remaining brigade commander of the first brigade retreated only eight miles away, but our troops stopped pursuing. In this way, the most serious shortcomings in the military must be corrected immediately, and the shooting must be practiced intensively, the communication must be extremely close (detailed, true, and close), the pursuit of the enemy must be thorough, and the need to act according to the camera is the task to be carried out this time. Special attention should be paid to beating Liu Xiang. Third, we must greatly improve the political work and study in the Red Army. We must understand the various basic issues of the Party and the Soviets, and we must learn about local work... We must resolutely launch mass struggles and make every soldier capable of leading the masses. . Fourth, the work of white soldiers and regiments is very important. ...The white soldiers were on the line of fire, these few times they did not resist tenaciously, and quickly surrendered their guns as soon as they were fired.On the line of fire, during the search, in the field and with the captured soldiers, you must pay great attention. If this work is done well, the enemy will collapse quickly... From the Battle of Yinan, the Battle of Yingqu to the Battle of Xuanda, Chen Changhao wrote summary articles after each battle. In addition to positive agitation, these articles run through several viewpoints: First, we must overcome paralysis and underestimate the enemy The second is to strengthen the political and ideological work of the troops, and the third is to improve the combat technical level of the troops. In the early days of the establishment of the Sichuan-Shaanxi base area, the Red Army leaped thousands of miles and endured hardships along the way. Finally, they established a base area under the enemy's siege and interception, and had a place to stay. This is indeed a remarkable victory, and of course it is worthy of pride.But if you don’t understand the situation in the whole country, if you don’t realize that from the perspective of the overall situation, the enemy is still strong and we are weak. Even if you look at Sichuan, our army is still surrounded by strong enemies. This loss of revolutionary vigilance and lax fighting spirit may bring immeasurable losses to the revolution.Because some comrades have won some battles, they are arrogant and underestimate the enemy, and they are hot-headed, unable to correctly analyze the balance of forces between the enemy and ourselves, and think that warlords are nothing special, and they will collapse as soon as they are defeated.In this regard, Chen Changhao was deeply concerned, and warned in almost every article: "Although the enemy failed, the new offensive led by Liu Xiang... is actively deploying... We must pay more attention to it." From a farmer to a soldier, there should be a process of learning and practicing military knowledge, political theory, and policy.But the cruel war has made a large number of peasants pick up guns today, and tomorrow they will become revolutionary fighters who can fight and do mass work. This is the need of the revolution.In order to shorten this process as short as possible, Xu Xiangqian, Chen Changhao, Zeng Zhongsheng, Ni Zhiliang and other leading comrades of the Fourth Red Army put down their guns and picked up their pens after the battle, summarizing and refining the various phenomena discovered during the war. , to point out the direction of struggle for all comrades politically, and to guide and correct them in terms of combat techniques and tactical actions, so that the vast number of Red Army soldiers who have entered the revolutionary army from the countryside can grow up as soon as possible to become politically minded and have a high level of combat skills. new revolutionary fighters.