Chapter 11 "Bashan Secret Agreement"

On May 21, 1933, a major officer of the Kuomintang came to the headquarters of the Red Fourth Army in Kucaoba. He introduced himself as Wu Zhiping, and represented Sun Weiru, the commander of the 38th Army of the Shaanxi Army, to negotiate with the Red Army and negotiate non-aggression matters.At the end of last year, when the Red Army marched westward through Shaanxi, it fought against the 38th Army. Why are we talking about non-aggression now?To understand the ins and outs of things, we have to start from the beginning. In the 1930s, Chiang Kai-shek’s Kuomintang regime unified China in name, but its actual power was limited to a few provinces along the eastern coast. Almost half of China, including the south, southwest, and northwest, was still in the hands of local warlords. Although these warlords also belong to the Nationalist Government on the surface, they hold guns in their hands and control the local military and political power. If you don't listen, don't do it.Chiang Kai-shek was extremely troubled by the separatist forces of these domestic warlords, and adopted various methods such as vertical and horizontal maneuvers, divisions and disintegration, and fighting and pulling to deal with these warlords.Just as Chiang Kai-shek was fighting with other warlords, large and small, the Red Army led by the Communist Party developed rapidly.The struggle between Chiang Kai-shek and the warlords is black and black in the same camp, while the Red Army and the Kuomintang regime and warlords, large and small, are class confrontations, a life-and-death struggle.Under the banner of "suppressing the Communist Party", Chiang Kai-shek recruited these warlords to "encircle and suppress" the Red Army, and at the same time used every opportunity to weaken or even eat up these warlords. The most typical example is to enter Guizhou in the name of chasing and suppressing the Red Army, and then deal with the Guizhou warlords by the way. Wang Jialie.Therefore, warlords everywhere feared that the Red Army would kill them, and they were also afraid that Chiang Kai-shek would confiscate their guns.In the face of the two forces of the Red Army and Chiang Kai-shek, in order to ensure their own interests, these warlords have their own calculations.As long as the Red Army passed by instead of occupying their own territory, they fired guns and cannons, and "sent the Red Army out of the country" lively. If the Red Army wanted to take root on its territory and establish a base, then they had to work hard.One of the biggest characteristics of these warlords is that they are beggar-thy-neighbor and fight each other.

Before the Fourth Red Army entered Sichuan and Shaanxi, Shaanxi was controlled by Yang Hucheng's Seventeenth Route Army.Yang Hucheng was originally a subordinate of Feng Yuxiang of the Northwest Army. After the war between Jiang Yan and Feng Yuxiang, Chiang Kai-shek defeated Yan Xishan and Feng Yuxiang respectively. Yan Xishan retreated to his old nest in Shanxi. In 1930, when the Seventeenth Route Army entered Shaanxi, Chiang Kai-shek used both hands to appoint Yang Hucheng as Chairman of Shaanxi Province and Commander-in-Chief of the Seventeenth Route Army. Three divisions were placed on the border of Henan, which made Yang Hucheng feel threatened by Chiang Kai-shek from time to time.

After the Red Army entered Shaanxi from Hubei, Chiang Kai-shek asked Yang Hucheng to participate in the interception. At this time, Yang Hucheng didn't know the Red Army. He believed that the Red Army was just "rogue bandits". Therefore, he sent troops to block the Red Army in the Qinling Mountains and Guanzhong area, and fought several head-to-head battles with the Red Army. As a result, he suffered heavy losses and shocked Xi'an.After suffering, he also knows how powerful the Red Army is.Unexpectedly, the Red Army did not stay in Shaanxi for a long time, but flew into Sichuan, and beat the Sichuan army to the ground and suffered a crushing defeat.Yang Hucheng was happy to watch the fun from the sidelines.

In February 1933, Sun Weiru, the 38th Army of the 17th Route Army of Yang Hucheng stationed in Tianshui, Gansu Province, was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to "change defense" with Hu Zongnan. The army stationed in the Hanzhong area, deployed defenses along the Daba Mountain line for more than 500 miles from Zhenba in the east and Ningqiang in the west, and cooperated with the Sichuan Army Tian Songyao to besiege the Red Fourth Front Army.Chiang Kai-shek killed three birds with one stone.Hu Zongnan's first division is his elite strategic reserve team, the direct line of the direct line. Chiang Kai-shek placed it in Tianshui, a strategic town at the junction of the three provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu, and Sichuan. One is to prevent the Red Army from advancing westward into Shaanxi, Gansu, and the other is to monitor and threaten Yang Hucheng in Xi'an. The third is to let Yang Hucheng's Northwest Army participate in the "encirclement and suppression" of the Red Army to consume its strength.

Yang Hucheng originally coveted Gansu. Chiang Kai-shek's move not only failed Yang Hucheng's dream of going west to Gansu, but also confronted the Red Army. Yang Hucheng was extremely dissatisfied with this.Chiang Kai-shek's move also made the Red Fourth Front Army who had just entered Sichuan face the serious threat of being attacked from both sides. The Red Fourth Front Army is an army led by the Communist Party. Although the troops are fighting independently under certain circumstances, the Party Central Committee is also trying to support and help the Red Army in various base areas at any time.After the Red Fourth Front Army withdrew from the Hubei, Henan and Anhui bases, in order to support and assist the Red Fourth Front Army, the Shanghai Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China strengthened the military intelligence communication and secret liaison between Shaanxi and Gansu.The Central Military Commission appointed Zhang Hanmin, an underground member of the Communist Party of China and commander of the Yang Hucheng Guards Battalion, as the Shaanxi-Gansu special commissioner of the Communist Party of China, under the pseudonym Tian Shenyi, to be responsible for collecting military intelligence on the Kuomintang Central Army and the Shaanxi Army.Zhang Hanmin and the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas established a communication station, responsible for escorting cadres from the Shanghai Central Bureau, the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and the guerrillas, transporting weapons and supplies, raising funds, and arranging for the Red Army wounded to be secretly sent to the mainland for treatment.Taking advantage of his position, Zhang Hanmin successively accepted more than 200 Communist Party members, including Wang Chaobei, Li Muyu, Shi Weiran, Wang Feng, Tang Yimin, Zhang Hanhui, Li Rui, and Du Runzi, to serve in his army. The 26th Army sent northwest intelligence to the central government.

On November 29, 1932, the Red Fourth Front Army entered Ziwu Town, Shaanxi Province, and wiped out four battalions of Yang Hucheng's department at one time. Xi'an was shaken, and Zhang Hanmin was ordered to get in touch with the Red Fourth Front Army. At the end of 1933, Zhang Hanmin’s guard regiment followed the Red Fourth Front Army and entered Nanzheng in southern Shaanxi. At this time, the Red Fourth Front Army had just crossed the Han River and arrived at Shangyuan Temple. Connected with the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army.Xu Xiangqian, Chen Changhao and other headquarters leaders said that the Red Fourth Front Army is about to enter Sichuan, and further contact will be made after entering Sichuan to establish a base area. Now the army urgently needs a map of Sichuan that is 1/50,000. The military situation is urgent. Lei Mao please send it within three days.It was already December 18 after Lei Mao returned to the Baocheng Caoliangyi guard regiment station to get the map. The three-day deadline had passed, and the Red Army had already set off.Lei Mao hurriedly followed the marching route of the Fourth Red Army, until he reached Tianchi Temple and Xihekou before catching up with the large Red Army troops and handing over the map to the Red Army.This map solved the urgent need for the Red Army to enter Sichuan. After Zhang Guotao, Xu Xiangqian, Chen Changhao and other headquarters leaders got the map, they were extremely grateful to the underground party for its fruitful work.

Since Lei Mao's trip lasted more than 20 days, Zhang Hanmin was very anxious not to hear about him in the army station, so he sent Zhang Hanhui to look for the Red Army.Zhang Hanhui traveled through the inaccessible virgin forest via Shangyuanguan and Xihekou, entered Sichuan Kucaoba, and got in touch with the Fourth Red Army.Seeing that the Red Army had entered Sichuan, Zhang Hanmin planned to raise the red flag to cooperate with the Red Army after the mutiny, so he sent Zhang Hanhui back to Kucaoba to report the situation to the leaders of the Fourth Red Army.After research, Zhang Guotao, Xu Xiangqian, Chen Changhao and others believed that the guard regiment was Yang Hucheng's personal force, Zhang Hanmin stayed in the guard regiment to carry out secret work, and it was more beneficial to the revolutionary work to keep in touch with the Red Army.So he discouraged Zhang Hanmin's plan, but promised that if the situation changed significantly, he could openly raise a red flag.On behalf of the guard group, Zhang Hanhui signed an agreement with the headquarters of the Fourth Red Front Army: mutual non-aggression, friendly exchanges, and information exchange.Zhang Hanhui returned to Nanzheng from Kucaoba with a letter from the headquarters of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army to Zhang Hanmin. While passing through Xihekou, he was detained by Xu Yueming of the Tongjiang Militia.The newly established contact between the Red Fourth Front Army and the Shaanxi Underground Party was broken.

In February 1933, Chiang Kai-shek ordered the Sun Weiru Department of the 38th Army of the 17th Route Army stationed in Tianshui, Gansu to "change defense" with Hu Zongnan's troops stationed in southern Shaanxi.Chiang Kai-shek's move made Yang Hucheng very angry.The Shanghai Central Bureau believes that this is a favorable opportunity to do work for Yang Hucheng.At the same time, in order to break through the enemy's blockade of the Sichuan-Shanxi Soviet Area, it is best to arrange a person who can do liaison work between the Red Fourth Front Army and the Yang Hucheng Seventeenth Route Army.

Wang Shiying and Wang Chaobei, the heads of the Special Section of the Shanghai Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China, came to Xi'an to look for candidates. Song Qiyun, the deputy director, editor-in-chief and secretary of Yang Hucheng, the official newspaper of the 17th Route Army, "Northwest Culture Daily", was an underground member of our party. Song Qiyun introduced Wu Zhiping, a major staff officer of the Yang Hucheng Department of the Northwest Army, was killed. Wu Zhiping, a native of Beijing, was born in a scholarly family in Dingxinzhuang, Beijing in 1901, and received a good education since childhood.Wu Zhiping's thinking is progressive, and he is extremely dissatisfied with the dark reality.Wang Shiying worked for Wu Zhiping through Song Qiyun and his wife Xu Xialin, and Wu Zhiping responded positively. On March 23, 1933, Wu Zhiping joined the Communist Party of China through the introduction of Song Qiyun and his wife at the Anlin Pharmacy on Xi'an East Street.According to Wu Zhiping’s recollection: In March 1933, Wang Youmin and Song Qiyun, responsible comrades of the party’s underground organization in Xi’an, conveyed to me the instructions of the party’s “special department”:

1. Use your public position in the 17th Route Army (I was a major staff officer in the 38th Army at the time) and social connections to collect intelligence for the party, such as combat plans; various signals, passwords, telegraph codes, and military maps ; The enemy's arms, deployment of troops; commanders' names, resumes, beliefs, hobbies, political attitudes, and their relationship with Chiang Kai-shek and friendly neighbors, etc. 2. Taking advantage of the situation in which the troops of the 17th Route Army formed direct hostilities with the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army in southern Shaanxi, suggested to Yang through reliable relations that he should not confront the Red Army head-on to fight the world for Chiang Kai-shek, and tried to create opportunities to secretly establish external communication lines in the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area, The military intelligence was sent directly to the headquarters of the Red Fourth Front Army in time, and the materials urgently needed by the Red Army were transported to the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area to solve the difficulty of the Red Army's lack of materials.

3. Make use of various contradictions within the White Army to strive for the neutrality of the miscellaneous troops or adopt a negative attitude when fighting the Red Army, and use various relationships to adopt various methods to do a good job in troop movement, instigate the White Army to riot, mutiny, and lead Arms surrendered to the Red Army. The Party pointed out: Not long after the Red Fourth Front Army arrived in the Sichuan-Shanxi Soviet Area, and before the enemy's secret service organization formed an organized encirclement around the Soviet Area, I carried out this (mainly the first two) work with my public position within the Shaanxi Army , conditions are extremely favorable. Wu Zhiping recalled: "Comrade Wang Youmin told me that the task of work is arduous and important, and we must be active, flexible, active, and decisive to complete the task. He also agreed that I would be led by him alone, and agreed on the secret code and secret contact method of the relationship. I Draw up a brief plan for doing the work, get the organization's approval, and act quickly." On the recommendation of Song Qiyun, Yang Hucheng sent Wu Zhiping to the Sun Weiru Department of the 38th Army as a major staff officer. Yang Hucheng participated in the Revolution of 1911 and the Northern Expedition in his early years. He was a patriotic soldier with a sense of national justice. He was known for his political ambitions. He was even more unwilling to join forces with the Red Army and let Chiang Kai-shek reap the benefits of the fisherman.Chiang wanted him to attack the Red Army, causing both him and the Red Army to lose out. At that time, Jiang would justifiably downsize or even abolish his troops. This was something he was absolutely unwilling to do. There are many progressives around Yang Hucheng. In addition to Song Qiyun, there is a progressive Du Bincheng who sympathizes with the Communist Party and has a great influence on Yang Hucheng. Yang Hucheng regards him as a guest and hires him as his senior adviser.Wu Zhiping had a close relationship with Du Bincheng. He hoped that Du would do Yang's work so that Yang could preserve his strength and not clash with the Red Army, so as not to benefit Jiang Yuweng. At the beginning of 1933, Du Xianyang was ordered to go to Tianshui to convey secrets to Sun Weiru, the most important of which was what attitude should be adopted towards the Red Army entering Sichuan and Shanxi and Hu Zongnan, the troops of Chiang Kai-shek’s lineage who entered the Shaanxi and Gansu areas, and the relationship with Hu Zongnan. The problem of changing defenses in the south. Wu Zhiping recalled: One day when Du arrived in Tianshui, I went to Ma Pao Spring to meet him. On the way, we naturally talked about the issue of the Red Army's entry into Sichuan and Shaanxi.Du said: In my opinion, if the Red Army advances westward, we should consciously let it go; if the Red Army wants to stay in the Sichuan and Shaanxi border areas, we'd better not fight... ... I discussed with Du that he would advise Yang to negotiate with the Red Army on the issue of armistice peace.But this is a big matter, and Yang Duo must be allowed to think about it and act on standby.Even if Yang can't make up his mind for a while, he still has to strive for a good result, and the question should be raised from Yang's own interests.This requires more mature timing conditions. In early May, Wu Zhiping received a secret letter from Mr. Du Bincheng, which implied that "the discussion will be successful, and we will see the outcome within a few days."Not two days later, the 38th Army Counselor Wang Zongshan brought a secret letter from Yang Hucheng to Wu Zhiping from Xi'an: Because it was sent by Yang Hucheng, Sun Weiru, the commander of the 38th Army, had always looked at Wu Zhiping differently. Now that he had this letter, Wu Zhiping also took advantage of this special relationship to actively start working on Sun Weiru.Wu Zhiping recalled: On May 11, 1933, at the headquarters of Sun's 38th Army in Hanzhong, I had a long conversation with Sun.I pretended to be ignorant of the situation. Let’s talk about the situation where the 17th Route Army is in direct contact with the Fourth Red Army. out.My conversation with Sun was carried out in accordance with the party's instructions, but on the surface it must be based on safeguarding the interests of Yang and Sun.Sun was very interested in the questions I raised. We analyzed the military and political situation and came to the conclusion that apart from adopting friendly liaison with the Red Army and avoiding direct conflicts to preserve our strength, we could find nothing good. The method... The next day, after two more conversations, it was decided that I would go to the headquarters of the Red Fourth Front Army in Northern Sichuan to make contact.On the surface, I represented Yang Hucheng (Sun Weiru) and the Red Army to discuss the issue of mutual non-aggression, but in essence, I was doing party work in accordance with the party's decision. Sun Weiru specially wrote a letter to the leaders of the Fourth Red Front Army, which was written on a piece of silk: On May 13, 1933, Wu Zhiping set off from Nanzheng disguised as a staff member of the Red Cross Society. Important materials and information such as maps, A, B, and C secret signals issued by the Kuomintang General Staff, passwords, military secret codes, lamp language, and ground-to-air contact signs.In the depths of Bashan, Wu Zhiping was kidnapped by a bandit named Yuan Gang and was almost killed.Wu Zhiping is a person who has seen the world, and Yuan Gangxu and the snake, in the end, he was entertained by the bandits and let them go after two nights.In the deep mountains and old forests, Wu Zhiping trekked hard alone, and finally arrived at Lianghekou on May 21, where he met Fu Zhong, deputy director of the Political Department of the Red Fourth Front Army.After learning of Wu Zhiping's intention to come, Fu Zhong attached great importance to it and sent someone to escort him to the headquarters of the Red Fourth Front Army in Kucaoba.In the middle of the night that day, Xu Xiangqian, commander-in-chief of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army, who was on the front line, learned that Yang Hucheng sent someone to send a military map from the phone, and he was very excited.He said to Fu Zhong: "Send charcoal in the snow, send me a cavalry squad immediately!" An hour later, Xu Xiangqian called Fu Zhong back: "I have received the map and it is very useful. Please treat me well!" The secret code brought by Wu Zhiping was even more effective, and the Red Army intercepted many important information of Jiang Jun based on this.Song Kanfu, who was once the director of the Secret Bureau of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army, said in the article "Electrical Waves of Qilian Mountains" that in the event of the defeat of the West Route Army, this secret code "had played a great role in deciphering the telegrams of the Ma's Army, thus laying a solid foundation for the West Route Army." The Military and Political Committee provided reliable information in a timely manner." Wu Zhiping met Fu Zhong, Zhang Qinqiu, Zheng Yizhai, Zeng Zhongsheng, Chen Changhao, and Zhang Guotao successively here.In order to avoid fighting on two fronts, the Red Fourth Front Army announced in mid-April 1933 the "January 17 Declaration" issued by the General Headquarters of the Chinese Soviet Republic and the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army on January 17. Under the three conditions of democratic rights and armed people, the Red Army is willing to sign an armistice agreement with any army of the Kuomintang to resist the aggression of Japanese imperialism.Its purpose is to divide and disintegrate the enemy and ease the severe situation.Now, Wu Zhiping's sudden arrival has overjoyed the leaders of the Red Fourth Front Army headquarters who are fighting hard against the Sichuan warlords.It's a pity that the contact with Zhang Hanhui was interrupted before, but now the 38th Army has taken the initiative to contact, which is beneficial both strategically and for the construction of the entire Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area.Yang Hucheng's department is located in the rear of the Soviet area and controls more than 500 kilometers of defense lines. Opening up relations with them can relieve worries and at the same time break the enemy's material blockade. The leaders of the headquarters decided to establish contact with the 38th Army. Zhang Guotao attached great importance to this matter and directly intervened in the peace talks between the two armies.Wu Zhiping was worried that Zhang Guotao would impose harsh conditions on Yang Hucheng, so he showed the bottom line of the peace talks at the banquet where Zhang Guotao cleaned up the dust for him: "The Shaanxi army has a strong local color, and its interior is also very complicated. There are high-ranking officials who are obsessed with furniture. , and there are secret agents loyal to Chiang Kai-shek. Yang Hucheng was born in poverty, and has patriotic thoughts, and has conflicts with Chiang Kai-shek. However, under realistic conditions, his alliance with the Communist Party and anti-Chiang can only be a secret. Hope the Red Army knows it well and don’t make it public.” Wu Zhiping recalled: I assured the headquarters that I would promptly provide the Fourth Red Army with reliable military intelligence in all aspects from western Shaanxi, and suggested that during the Northern Expedition in the Sichuan-Shanxi Soviet Area approaching the southern Shaanxi area, only a small number of troops would be required to ensure safety, and the main force should be as large as possible. Concentrate on smashing the main enemy.Headquarters also raised the need for radio equipment, medical and medical equipment, and other supply issues.I promise to complete these tasks. Chen Changhao sent Xu Yixin, Chief of Staff of the Headquarters, to Hanzhong to negotiate with Sun Weiru on behalf of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army. Someone to fight for. On May 27, Wu Zhiping and Xu Yixin set off from Kucaoba, and arrived in Hanzhong on May 31. On the same day, Sun Weiru sent a secret message to Yang Hucheng in Xi'an: "Knock on the door, how do you treat the guests?" Yang Hucheng called back: "Raise your glass." On the morning of June 1, 1933, the two sides held a formal meeting at the home of Wang Zongshan, the counselor of the 38th Army.There were only four participants: Sun Weiru, Wang Zongshan, Wu Zhiping, and Xu Yixin. Negotiations were conducted four times, of which Sun Weiru participated in two.Sun Weiru also wanted to find out the bottom line of the Fourth Red Army at the beginning: what did your Red Army come to Sichuan for?Is it permanent or passing by?If it stays for a long time, can it stand up? Xu Yixin explained to him the policies of the Red Army. The fact that the Red Army wiped out dozens of regiments of the Sichuan Army in Kongshanba made Sun Weiru understand the strength of the Red Army, and introduced the "January 17 Declaration" of the Soviet Central Government and the Central Military Commission content.Xu Yixin emphasized: "Hu Zongnan has been following us since Hubei, Henan and Anhui. Now that he comes to attack, we are determined to fight. It is of course very good if you can cooperate; if you don't cooperate, you can give way; if you don't cooperate, don't give way as long as you don't help Hu." Yes. As long as you abide by the three conditions set out in the declaration, we are willing to maintain friendly relations with you, with Bashan as the boundary between the two sides. Sun Weiru expressed confidence in the strength of the Red Army, and was also satisfied with Xu Yixin's statement.he proposes: One is to hope that the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army will abandon the Sichuan-Shanxi base area and develop in the direction of Gansu.When the Red Army marched westward into Gansu, Sun's 38th Army pretended to pursue it, and provided cover behind it, while supplying a proper amount of ammunition. Second, if the Red Army remains in the Sichuan-Shaanxi area, I hope it will not develop into Shaanxi, and the two sides will not invade each other. Xu Yixin expressed his appreciation for Sun Weiru's ability to stand on the national and national standpoint and not to take advantage of Chiang Kai-shek's fire. Regarding Sun's specific opinions, he said that he would go back and report to the head of the front army before making a decision. On June 5, Xu Yixin returned to the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area, accompanied by Wu Zhiping.When he first arrived in the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area, Sun Weiru promised Wu Zhiping that, in order to show his sincerity, he would send some gifts to the Fourth Red Army, mainly Sichuan-Shaanxi military maps and medicines.But this time he changed his mind and only agreed to give a map of the northern part of Sichuan, medicine worth 1,700 yuan, and two spark plugs and two piston rings for the hand generator, and he also stated that it was only for this one time.For this reason, Wu Zhiping and Xu Yixin purchased a considerable amount of medicines on their own. After Xu Yixin returned to the headquarters, the headquarters immediately held a meeting to listen to Xu Yixin's report.The leaders of the headquarters decided that the relationship with Yang Hucheng should be finalized immediately, and the two sides signed a non-aggression agreement.At the same time, a traffic station will be established in Hanzhong. On June 24, Xu Yixin and Wu Zhiping came to Hanzhong again to negotiate with Sun Weiru with the opinions of the leaders of the headquarters.The two sides reached a consensus on the domestic situation and specifically agreed on: (1) With Daba Mountain as the boundary, as long as Sun Bu does not attack the Soviet area, the Red Army promises not to attack Shaanxi.Sun Weiru promised not to attack the Soviet area. If the Red Army went to attack Hu Zongnan, Sun Bu was willing to add some ammunition to the Red Army. (2) The frontier positions of the Shaanxi Army set up liaison stations, and Wu Zhiping handled border affairs on behalf of the Shaanxi Army. (3) The Red Army can go to Hanzhong to purchase some daily necessities in a covert manner. (4) The Shaanxi Army presented some medicines and military maps as a token of sincerity. The two sides can reach such a consensus, which will greatly reduce the pressure on the Red Army and benefit the construction of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area and the development of the Red Army.Yang Hucheng is also quite satisfied with this agreement.Yang Hucheng and Sun Weiru were very satisfied with Wu Zhiping's performance. For the sake of absolute confidentiality, they appointed Wu Zhiping to be responsible for this work.Due to the complex composition of Yang Hucheng's 17th Route Army, this matter must be strictly kept secret, otherwise Chiang Kai-shek will exert unbearable pressure on him, and at the same time he will also be opposed by some pro-Chiang subordinates.Therefore, the two parties agreed that the secret agreement could not be written down, but could only be verbally approved by both parties. On July 1, Wu Zhiping and Xu Yixin took some supplies to the Sichuan-Shanxi Soviet Area for the second time.This time, Wu Zhiping learned from the intelligence of the Kuomintang that the Red Army had the intention to develop to the northwest. He had visited the Northwest before. For this reason, he wrote a report of more than 30,000 words to the head of the Fourth Red Army. "The Tale of Conquering Hong on the Frontier", the content is about the distribution of the enemy's armed forces in the northwest region (Ning, Qing, Gansu), such as Ma Bufang in Qinghai, Ma Buqing in the Hexi Corridor, Ma Hongkui in Ningxia, Lu Dachang, Shi Xiuying, Li Guiqing in Gansu and other ministries , equipment, combat effectiveness, etc., as well as the geography, terrain, climate and environment of the Northwest.To his regret, the West Route Army of the Red Army failed. For this reason, he specifically asked Zhang Guotao in Yan'an: "Have you read the materials I wrote to you back then? Why didn't you listen to my advice?" Through the efforts of Wu Zhiping and others, the Red Fourth Front Army successively established several underground transportation lines from the base area to Hanzhong, Shaanxi. Middle line: Hanzhong - Masang Dam - Tianchi Temple - Liangshui Well - Beiba; West line: Masangba - Bahaiping - Xihekou - Beiba; Eastern route: Hanzhong - Chenggu - Xixiang - Zhenba - Yudu Dam or Li Dam. Through these lines of communication, the Red Fourth Front Army obtained some urgently needed materials such as medicine and radio spare parts, which played an important role in the transit of underground members of the Communist Party of China and the transmission of information, helping the Red Army to effectively crush Chiang Kai-shek's "encirclement and suppression".Xu Yixin recalled: After I returned to the headquarters for the second time, the Military Commission held another meeting to listen to the report.I introduced the content of the conclusion of the non-aggression agreement and the specific establishment of communication lines to the participating comrades.The Military Commission believes that in the future, this line should be used to strengthen foreign exchanges and bring in materials. It should also use Sun Weiru's relationship to exchange information in order to grasp the enemy's situation.At that time, the comrades who confirmed our logistics department contacted Wu Zhiping directly to ensure the smooth flow of this line. ...Pan Zili and other comrades came in through this line. Due to the enemy's blockade, the biggest problem in the Soviet area was the lack of information. At that time, it was a treasure to find some newspapers and periodicals, even outdated ones. Reporting this situation to Song Qiyun, Song Qiyun immediately sent a steady stream of newspapers exchanged from all over the country to Hanzhong and handed them over to Wu Zhiping, who then sent them to the Soviet area through underground traffic. Not long after the "Bashan Secret Agreement" came into effect, the situation changed again. On the one hand, Chiang Kai-shek supported Liu Xiang in organizing the "six-way siege", and on the other hand forced Yang Hucheng to cooperate in the siege of the Sichuan-Shanxi base area on the Sichuan-Shanxi border.Sun Weiru was under pressure. He wanted the Red Army to move westward as soon as possible to reduce his troubles, so he asked Wang Zongshan to write a secret letter: At this time, the Red Army had no intention of advancing westward. Sun Weiru was worried that things might not be confidential, so he wanted to keep a certain distance from the Red Army. He secretly ordered the frontline troops to destroy several small bridges leading to the base area.Wu Zhiping immediately reported this move secretly to Du Bincheng, hoping to influence Yang Hucheng and maintain the hard-won "Bashan Secret Agreement".Du Bincheng felt that the matter was of great importance and immediately discussed with Yang Hucheng. Yang Hucheng sent Du Bincheng to Hanzhong to meet Sun Weiru and asked him to properly handle the dispute on the border between Sichuan and Shaanxi.Du Bincheng lived in Hanzhong for more than three months, actively doing Sun Weiru's work and stabilizing his mood.Unexpectedly, when Du Bincheng left Xi'an, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly withdrew Yang Hucheng's position as chairman of the Shaanxi Provincial Government and put Shao Lizi in charge.At this time, the "Fujian Incident" launched by Cai Tingkai and Li Jishen failed, and Chiang Kai-shek's arrogance was high, urging the local warlords to step up their "communist suppression".In the face of pressure, Sun Weiru wavered again. He hoped that the Red Army would leave Sichuan and Shaanxi and go west to fight against Hu Zongnan in order to improve his pressured situation, so he wrote a letter asking Wu Zhiping to meet "Brother Xiguang" (alluding to Zhang Guotao) "for a talk." after all". Wu Zhiping took this opportunity to go to the Red Army to act as a "lobbyist" and made a detailed report on the situation of the Shaanxi Army to Zhang Guotao, Chen Changhao and others.He also suggested that the Red Army should send envoys to Hanzhong to consolidate friendship in the name of celebrating New Year's Day in order to stabilize Sun Weiru.Wu Zhiping's suggestion was adopted.Zhang Guotao sent Huang Chao, secretary-general of the Northwest Military Commission, to Hanzhong with Wu Zhiping, and presented Sun Weiru and Wang Zongshan with ten catties of Tongjiang Tremella each. Huang Chao's mission to Hanzhong this time played a role in stabilizing Yang Hucheng and Sun Weiru. After weighing the pros and cons, neither the Seventeenth Route Army nor the Thirty-eighth Army obeyed Chiang Kai-shek's dispatch and participated in the "six-way siege" initiated by the Sichuan Army. However, there is no airtight wall. Wu Zhiping's activities were learned by Kuomintang agents, and Chiang Kai-shek sent a telegram to Yang Hucheng: According to a secret report, there is Wu Zhiping... who claims to be the staff officer of the 38th Army and lives near Xihekou.He often transported arms, gasoline, etc. to the Communist bandits, and investigated and dealt with them nearby... Yang Hucheng grasped the difference between "Wu" and "Wu", and replied: According to the investigation, there is no such person as Wu Zhiping in our department, and he misinformed the communist bandits about the fire transport. In a few days, Chiang Kai-shek called again and corrected "Wu Zhiping" to "Wu Zhiping", and the rest of the word was not changed. As a last resort, Yang Hucheng issued an order to arrest Wu Zhiping.Sun Weiru gave Chiang Kai-shek's telegram to Wu Zhiping to read, and hoped that Wu Zhiping would leave the Northwest Army: "The matter of the Red Army has to stop here. You go to the south again, tell them the situation here, and ask for their understanding." The 38th Army fired Wu Zhiping, and Wu Zhiping had to go to Xi'an to find the party organization.He found Song Qiyun, and Song Qiyun knew some inside information. He took out a copy of the Red Fourth Army's internal publication "Jiebao", which read: A certain unit of the Northwest Army has secretly contacted the Red Army in the Sichuan-Shaanxi area, indicating that Chiang Kai-shek has been torn apart... Song Qiyun was very dissatisfied with this matter: "Some of our internal staff are very careless in their work. What is written in the "Jiebao" does not mean that we have reported to others!" Regarding Wu Zhiping's future, Song Qiyun told Wu Zhiping that he was selected by the Central Special Section, and now it is best to go to Shanghai to find the Central Special Section.After many setbacks, Wu Zhiping found Wang Shiying, the person in charge of Special Section in Shanghai.Wang Shiying asked him to return to Hanzhong to resume secret communication, and said: As for personal safety, there is no need to worry too much. Yang Hucheng's consistent attitude towards the Communist Party is to cooperate and protect the Communists as much as possible.Wu Zhiping had no choice but to return to Hanzhong, and through the 38th Army Counselor Wang Zongshan and others, he talked through Sun Weiru.Sun Weiru agreed with Wu Zhiping to stay in Hanzhong, but put forward several requirements: first, no public appearances and contacts with acquaintances are allowed; second, no activities that are not conducive to our group; Be an idler and take care of your own living expenses. Wu Zhiping had no choice but to leave the 38th Army, and hibernated under his anonymity in Xiegou, Wang Xiegou, Qinjiaba, Nanzheng, Hanzhong.The connection between the Red Fourth Front Army and Yang Hucheng's 38th Army was cut off.After Wu Zhiping left, under the persecution of Chiang Kai-shek, Sun Weiru's troops also began to actively harass the Red Army. On February 8, 1935, in response to the Central Red Army's northward entry into Sichuan, the Red Fourth Front Army launched the Southern Shaanxi Campaign and wiped out the Yang Zhusun Regiment of the Ningqiang Garrison of the 38th Army.Sun Weiru, who was hit, was extremely panicked. On the one hand, he kept calling Chiang Kai-shek to complain, and on the other hand, he discussed countermeasures with Yang Hucheng.According to Yang Hucheng's opinion, Sun Weiru found Wu Zhiping again and appointed him to go to the Soviet area to contact the Red Army again. On February 17, Wu Zhiping brought a large package of military batteries, transmitter parts, and military intelligence to the Red Army headquarters in Wangcangba.At this time, the Red Army was organizing the Jialing River Campaign. Xu Xiangqian and Chen Changhao were all on the front line. They waited for more than ten days before Chen Changhao met him.Chen Changhao also explained to him that the purpose of the Red Army's attack on Hanzhong was to attract Hu Zongnan's attention so that he could take the opportunity to cross the Jialing River westward and march towards Gansu.Now that the goal has been achieved, the Red Army will leave Sichuan and Shaanxi immediately.Wu Zhiping proposed to Chen Changhao that he hoped to stay in the Red Army and not return to Shaanxi.Chen Changhao told him that it is not possible now, the Red Army still needs this secret line of communication.Although Sun Weiru does not accept you, you can contact Zhao Mingen, a guerrilla from Bashan in southern Shaanxi.Wu Zhiping had to leave the Red Army and return to southern Shaanxi. On March 28, the Red Army launched the battle of forcibly crossing the Jialing River. After the battle, in order to meet the Central Red Army, the Fourth Front Army voluntarily withdrew from the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area, and the "Bashan Secret Agreement" completed its historical mission. The "Bashan Secret Agreement" played a great role in consolidating the Sichuan-Shanxi Soviet Area.Thanks to this agreement, the Sichuan-Shanxi Revolutionary Base Area was protected from the enemy, and the Red Army could concentrate its forces to deal with the Sichuan warlord's attack.This agreement also disrupted Chiang Kai-shek's plan of military encirclement and economic blockade of the Red Army in southern Shaanxi, so that there was no fighting on the front line of more than 500 miles in Daba Mountain. The Red Army also established a Sichuan-Shaanxi secret communication line here. , The Red Fourth Front Army obtained much-needed military supplies and important military intelligence.The Fourth Front Army of the Red Army handed over the funds to Wu Zhiping. Wu Zhiping used his special status to exchange important materials such as medicine, paper, cloth, salt, and electrical materials from Hanzhong and transported them to the Soviet area. Central documents, military codes, newspapers and magazines, etc. were sealed with oilcloth, and the outside was poured with yellow wax before being sent to the Red Army.According to the military code sent by Wu Zhiping, the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army intercepted many important military intelligence of Jiang Jun.Wu Zhiping also escorted important cadres of the Red Army into and out of the Soviet area. Pan Zili, Zhang Desheng, Liao Chengzhi, Liu Ruilong, Zhang Guangyuan and other important cadres came to the base safely, which played an extremely important role in the consolidation and development of the Sichuan-Shanxi base. The "Bashan Secret Agreement" enhanced the local warlords' knowledge and understanding of the Red Army, deepened the local warlords' centrifugal tendency towards Chiang Kai-shek, and objectively created conditions for the Fourth Red Army to gain a firm foothold in the Sichuan-Shaanxi base area. In the future, the non-aggression between Zhang Xueliang, Yang Hucheng and the Central Red Army and even the occurrence of the "Xi'an Incident" will have an important impact.Due to various reasons, the "Bashan Secret Agreement" has not been written or announced to the public, and its important historical significance has not been given due attention for a long time. It must be emphasized that although Sun Weiru's 38th Army and the Red Army concluded the "Bashan Secret Agreement", Sun Weiru did not sympathize with the Red Army politically. His contact with the Red Army was purely for his own self-interest and he hated the Communist Party extremely.After the Red Army attacked southern Shaanxi, he immediately retaliated wildly, ordered the execution of Cui Zhenshan, a Communist Party secretary in his military headquarters, and buried alive the former secretary of the CPC Sanyuan County Committee and the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China who came to southern Shaanxi to do military work. Members Ou Yanmin, Kang Xueshi and other comrades.After liberation, there were some articles claiming that Sun Weiru had given the Red Army a lot of help. Wu Zhiping explained this: During the Xi’an Incident in 1936, many comrades and social democrats publicly talked about the situation of sending military maps and medical equipment and other military supplies from the White Areas to the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army into Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and other provinces. Sun Weiru said that it was him Sent...that's not true at all. In November 1983, Wu Zhiping wrote another article to explain this historical fact: First, some people said that the maps given to the Red Army were more than one foot thick: there were more than 200 maps for each province, and as few as a hundred, and the paper was very heavy. How could I carry such a heavy item when I entered the Soviet area in disguise?Second, tell me the high price of 50,000 oceans.每块银洋七点二钱，五万元计重三千六百斤，每人背七十斤，需五十人运往汉中，相反，我还用自己的钱给苏区同志买了部分用品。 武志平从旺苍回到汉中后，孙蔚如对他的态度已经彻底改变，孙蔚如对武志平说：“你去哪儿我不管，我们这儿没有你。”就这样，武志平被孙蔚如再次逐出汉中。在从汉中至关中的马道驿住宿时，武志平想起两年前随三十八军入陕南经过这里，因身负重要使命夜不能眠，如今使命完成自己却前途茫茫，思绪万千，同样夜不能寐，直到听见晨鸡报晓。 全面抗战爆发后，武志平辗转来到陕北延安，先在陕北公学学习，后来进入马列主义学院受训。毕业后从事情报工作，后被国民党特务逮捕，越狱后，又逢车祸，伤愈后与组织失去联系。遂返回南郑，过起农耕生活。日寇投降后，武志平到晋察冀解放区寻找党组织，找到当年参与西安谈判的中共党员南汉宸和经他之手输送到川陕苏区的潘自力。三个老朋友见面极为高兴。此时，南汉宸任晋察冀边区财政处处长，潘自力任晋察冀军区政治部主任，他们对武志平说：“你为革命立大功啦，我们要犒赏你，你就住在招待所，吃好，喝好，好好休息休息！” 关系接通后，武志平到设在张家口的晋察冀边区财政处从事商贸工作。北平解放后，他在军管会房地产接管部任处长，后任北京市园林管理委员会副主任。1952年2月9日，武志平被人诬告，被关进了北京草岚子监狱。半年后查清属诬告无罪释放，但工作丢了，武志平在家赋闲三年，平反之事拖延了七年。得知他的遭遇，1955年，南汉宸调他到国际旅行总社担任《旅行》杂志编辑。1957年后，调任中央文史研究馆副主任。“文革”中，武志平受尽磨难，1967年，六十六岁的武志平被下放至宁夏平罗“五七”干校劳动改造。两年后，干校同意让他回老家通县定辛庄治病。从宁夏回到北京才得知，他的大儿子因受其牵连在隔离审查中自杀了。1977年，七十六岁的武志平彻底平反昭雪，任国务院参事，定为行政十二级。1982年离休，享受局级干部待遇。 武志平的夫人陈新英的遭遇更为悲惨。1933年秋，秘密交通线肖成善站长的女儿陈新英与武志平结婚。后经武志平介绍，陈新英参加了延安吴堡青训班学习，走上了革命之路。青训班毕业后，陈新英按党组织安排回陕南做地下工作。1946年，陈新英在汉中被捕。因她姓陈，敌人怀疑她是陈昌浩的妹妹。一次次酷刑折磨，陈新英疯了，承认自己就是红四方面军总政委陈昌浩的亲妹妹。特务们信以为真，将其送到西安监狱关押。直到西安解放，陈新英才被解放军解救出来。由于多年的酷刑折磨，这时，她的神经已经完全失常。 陈新英比武志平小十七岁，从20世纪30年代投身革命。全国解放了，她却没有单位，得不到起码的照顾。神志清醒时，她向有关部门请求落实政策，但长期没有结果。直到1987年底，国家有关部门才给她落实政策，按行政十七级干部对待，每月发给退休生活费一百多元。遗憾的是，由于常年酷刑折磨导致陈新英体弱多病，1989年，七十二岁的陈新英病逝。 武志平素爱书法，在北京经常到徐向前、李先念、王维舟等领导同志家走动，并“讨要”宣纸，李先念笑曰：“当年你从汉中给我们那么多的物资，今天要点纸算什么。” 1991年10月13日，武志平在北京逝世，享年九十岁。