Chapter 4 Chen Duxiu is exhausted

In late December, Tan Pingshan returned from a meeting in the Soviet Union and reported to Chen Duxiu, who had just returned to Shanghai from Hankou, the situation of the Seventh International Plenary Session. While talking, Tan Pingshan took out a copy of the "Resolution on China Issues" passed by the conference and handed it to Chen Duxiu.Chen Duxiu is a pedantic revolutionary who has dealt with writing all his life, and often forgets people when he reads it.It wasn't until he finished reading that he looked up at Tan Pingshan and lit a cigarette. Tan Pingshan asked cautiously: "How is it?"

Chen Duxiu said with a bitter face: "It's difficult, it's hard to get out of the research room. The concept of the International is like the clouds in the sky, and it changes as soon as it is said." Chen Duxiu felt that he had followed the instructions of the International and changed it countless times.In the autumn, in the name of the general secretary, he issued letters to party departments at all levels, shouting the slogan "the party goes to the peasants".After the letter was sent, it really got a lot of response.In particular, Mao Zedong, the newly appointed secretary of the Central Committee of Agriculture of the Communist Party of China, immediately established the Wuchang Peasant Movement Workshop with Peng Pai, Ruan Xiaoxian and others.But soon the Communist International sent a telegram, instructing that "after the occupation of Shanghai, the agrarian movement should not be strengthened for the time being."Therefore, he hurried to Hankou by boat, and discussed with Zhang Guotao and others and representatives of the International, and decided to put the land issue in the next step.In his long political report, he used the idea of ​​"internationalism", saying that Chiang Kai-shek's military regime was afraid that the popular movement would gradually move to the right, and the popular movement would gradually move to the left. Therefore, we should take opposing this tendency as the central task facing the party.His change made many people at the meeting very dissatisfied. Qu Qiubai muttered: "The meeting was originally anti-rightist, how did it suddenly turn into a leftist one? Mao Zedong's idea of ​​mobilizing farmers was rejected by the meeting and regarded as radical; while the land The problem was referred to by the meeting as a 'in the lab' problem, that is, for study, not for action."

But now it's going upside down again! Stalin canceled the previous decision on his own, and kept his face; this was a pain for Chen Duxiu.He chose words based entirely on the international telegram, and he had enough reasons to convince those dissatisfied committee members.Now I have to "eat" what I have said through my own mouth, and "spit" what has been denied.For this "old man" who is 49 years old after the new year, not only does he look ugly, but he also feels uncomfortable in his heart. At the age of 49, he is only a middle-aged man. At that time, a group of "Communist Youth League" gathered in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China: Qu Qiubai was 27 years old; Zhang Guotao was 29 years old; Mao Zedong was 33 years old; Li Dazhao, who is composed of glasses and glasses, is quite old-fashioned. In fact, he was only 38 years old when he died in the second year.The only one who doesn't call Chen Duxiu "old man" behind his back is Tan Pingshan, because he is also 40 years old.

Chen Duxiu's mind was still immersed in the international resolution.This 10,000-word long document is divided into nine paragraphs and 23 articles. It talks about the current tasks of the Chinese Communist Party and its relationship with other parties and social classes.Chen Duxiu picked it up and read it again, hoping to find something that was in tune with his own thoughts, so that he could turn the corner in the next meeting.He really read something that was in tune with his own thoughts, that is, "the idea of ​​the Communist Party leaving the Kuomintang is wrong"; and Borodin had repeatedly declared in the previous paragraph that he would break with Chiang Kai-shek of the Kuomintang. I wonder if Mr. Bao's views have changed?Anyway, the "resolution" made this point of view vigorously: the entire process of the Chinese revolution, its nature and its future, all require the Communist Party to stay in the Kuomintang and intensify its work in it.

In order to intensify the activities of the Communist Party in the Kuomintang and advance the revolution, the Communist Party should join the Guangdong government.Since the establishment of the Guangdong government, power has actually been in the hands of the right wing of the Kuomintang (5 of the 6 ministers are right wing).Although it is a fact that the Cantonese government cannot exist without the support of the working class, the workers' and peasants' movement, even in Canton Province, has yet to overcome obstacles.Recent facts have proved that the Communist Party should join the Cantonese government to help the left oppose the cowardly and vacillating policies of the right.The vast extension of the territory under the jurisdiction of the Cantonese government made the question of the participation of the Communist Party in the national government more necessary than ever.

Based on the experience before the attack on the Winter Palace, Stalin and the others prescribe a prescription for the Chinese revolution: "The Communist Party must act according to the following points: A. Systematically and resolutely oppose the right wing of the Kuomintang and Dai Jitao's thought, and oppose their attempt to turn the Kuomintang into a bourgeoisie. C. Thoroughly criticize the swinging between the left and the right, and the centrist swinging between continuing the revolution or imperialism.” The remote-controlled "International" seems to have noticed the "thoughts" of Dai Jitao, who is full of knowledge, while ignoring the "actions" of Chiang Kai-shek in military uniform.

Chen Duxiu drank the "International" prescription, and it seemed that the properties of several medicines inhibited each other. The internal fire attacked the heart, and he felt more and more uncomfortable-it was nothing more than "brain", and it really hurt the body. He fell ill and was hospitalized. At that time, there were only five people in the Central Bureau: Cai Hesen was in the Soviet Union, Qu Qiubai and Zhang Guotao did not return to Shanghai after attending the joint meeting in Guangdong, and only Chen Duxiu and Peng Shuzhi stayed in Shanghai to preside over the work.Peng Shuzhi was in charge of propaganda.The director of the organization department is concurrently held by Chen Duxiu, who is now ill and unable to intervene in the organization work.So he thought of Zhou Enlai, a young man from the Guangdong District Committee who came to Shanghai to open the expanded Central Executive Committee in mid-July.