Chapter 5 Harda's Surprise

After the meeting of the Russian border, the Red Army on the one hand braved the severe wind and snow, walked through the original plank road of the high mountains, conquered the dangerous Lazikou, crossed the Minshan Mountain, passed the Dacaotan, and left the Tibetan area. On September 18, they arrived at Hadapu Town in the south of Minxian County. Hadapu is a distribution center for commerce and trade in southern Gansu. Many merchants from Sichuan, Shaanxi, Henan and Longzhou come and go here. There are shops on both sides of the street that is more than one mile long.All kinds of pack teams to buy "Mingui" medicinal materials and trade and produce daily necessities have been going on for days.Here, the folk customs are simple and the prices are cheap. There are more than 2,000 Hui and Han people who live there, most of whom are engaged in business, engaged in food and lodging services and medicinal materials.

According to Mao Zedong's instructions, when the reconnaissance company of the first column captured Hadapu, the instructor Cao Delian took some people to the post office. Recent newspapers. "One of them published the news that Xu Haidong led the Red Army to join the Red Army in northern Shaanxi. There was also a map of the revolutionary base in northern Shaanxi (they called it a map of the bandit area). We traveled more than 20,000 miles on the Long March, and we didn't see the Soviet area. Everyone They were all very happy to see such a large area in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, so they drew a red line on the news... We discussed and decided to send the collected newspapers and the captured Lu Bu major and adjutant to the The Legion Department and Chairman Mao's place."

As soon as Nie Rongzhen, the political commissar of the First Army Corps, led the team to Hadapu, the guards put their luggage on the street and bought a few pieces of pot helmets (big and thick pancakes, a flavor food in Gansu), and grabbed the pancake stand. A package of "Shanxi Daily" on the Internet, and took it back for Nie Rongzhen to eat.Nie Rongzhen picked up the newspaper while eating sesame seed cakes and began to browse.Suddenly, my heartbeat quickened, and I couldn't help getting excited. The headline "Yan Xishan, director of the Taiyuan Appeasement Office, led the national army to attack Liu Zhidan, and the Red Army base in northern Shaanxi was besieged again" appeared in the newspaper.

God, there is still a base in northern Shaanxi, and there is Liu Zhidan's Red Army! Nie Rongzhen immediately asked the guards to hand over the newspaper to Mao Zedong. Many Kuomintang newspapers were seized in Hadapu. Among them, Tianjin "Ta Kung Pao" on July 23 contained a passage of Yan Xishan's original words: The Communist bandits in northern Shaanxi were rampant. Few of the twenty-three counties in northern Shaanxi were not reddened. Eight counties were completely reddened, and more than a dozen counties were half reddened.Now the strength of the Communist Party has been able to expand regional power without using force. ... There are more than 700,000 Chihua people in northern Shaanxi, 200,000 are organized into the Red Guards, and 20,000 are in the Red Army.

Since the Long March, they have been marching and fighting almost every day, especially across snow-capped mountains and grasslands, which cut off information from the outside world.When Zhang Wentian, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and Bogu read these newspapers, they were overjoyed: There is still a large Soviet area in northern Shaanxi, a considerable number of Red Army troops, and the legendary Liu Zhidan!For the Central Red Army, which has gone through all kinds of difficulties and dangers, the news of the Shaanxi-Gansu Red Base is undoubtedly a big surprise, an unimaginable surprise! Mao Zedong proposed to go to northern Shaanxi to join forces with Liu Zhidan's Red Army!

At this time, the Shaanxi-Gansu Red Base was the only remaining base in the country at that time. Mao Zedong immediately called Jia Tuofu, head of the White Area Work Department, to inquire about the situation in northern Shaanxi.Jia Tuofu gave a detailed introduction to Liu Zhidan's 26th Red Army's activities and the revolutionary struggle in Shaanxi, and also suggested that the central government go to northern Shaanxi to gain a foothold. So far, the Central Red Army has finally found a reliable foothold! After the Central Red Army passed through Dacaotan, their physical strength was exhausted, and Hadapu was very cheap. The troops decided to improve the food for the soldiers and gave each soldier two silver dollars.As a result, the company slaughtered pigs and sheep, and every meal had meat and vegetables, and there was laughter everywhere.

On the morning of September 22, a leadership meeting was held in Mao Zedong's residence in the bungalow in the backyard of the "Yihechang" pharmacy. After analyzing the situation, it was initially decided to go to northern Shaanxi to establish a base.In the afternoon, a meeting of cadres above the regiment level was held in a Guandi temple in Hadapu. Mao Zedong, Peng Dehuai, Zhang Wentian, and Lin Biao spoke successively, mobilizing everyone to go north to the Shaanxi-Gansu base area, join forces with Liu Zhidan's Red Army, and go to the front line of the Anti-Japanese War.

Mao Zedong said emotionally: In the past year, we have traveled more than 20,000 miles, broken the enemy's pursuit and siege countless times, and crossed Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Xichuan, Jinsha River, Daqing Crossing the river, snow-capped mountains, grasslands, passing through Lazikou, and now sitting in the Guandi Temple in Hadapu, having a meeting in peace and ease, this in itself is a great victory. ... We would like to thank the Kuomintang newspapers for providing more detailed information about the Red Army in northern Shaanxi. There are not only Liu Zhidan's Red Army, but also Xu Haidong's Red Army, as well as base areas.We currently have a smaller number of people, but there are advantages to being less, the target is smaller, and the combat flexibility is greater.We now have more people than when the Fourth Red Army went down to Jinggangshan in early 1929!Victory must belong to us!

When Mao Zedong analyzed the situation, he said: Zhang Guotao looked down on us, he opposed the central government, and even beat us back, calling us opportunists.We want to go north, he wants to go south; we want to resist Japan, he wants to avoid conflicts, which is retreat and which is opportunism?We are not afraid of scolding. If we want to fight against Japan, we must first go to northern Shaanxi, where Liu Zhidan's Red Army is located. Comrades, let's advance victoriously. We are only seven or eight hundred miles away from northern Shaanxi. That is our destination and our forward position for resisting Japan!

Mao Zedong also asked the participating revolutionary intellectuals to compose a song "Go to Northern Shaanxi", and teach everyone to sing it after compiling, so as to boost their spirits and morale. During the Long March, Peng Jialun, chief of the Propaganda Section of the Political Department of the First Division of the Red Army, was known as the "propagandist and agitator in the era of the Red Army". A battle song for breaking through barriers.At this time, the Soviet area in northern Shaanxi made everyone happy, and Peng Jialun was also very happy, and wrote the song "Go to Northern Shaanxi" overnight:

This very inspiring song was soon sung among the Red Army. The news of the Red Army and base areas in northern Shaanxi made everyone excited. Zhang Wentian wrote a "Newspaper Reading Note" entitled "The Developing Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet Revolutionary Movement" for this; The Development of the Soviet Movement and the Strategic Goals of Our Detachment", both articles were published in the "Forward News" on September 28, reflecting the intention of the Party Central Committee. The news of the base areas in northern Shaanxi and the decision to go to northern Shaanxi inspired the spirits of the Red Army soldiers.After a rest, the team was organized into three columns. On September 23, they marched northward, pretending to attack Tianshui, crossed the Weihe River north, broke through the blockade line of the Kuomintang heavy troops along the Weihe River, and arrived at Tongwei Bangluo Town on September 26th. The next day, another Politburo meeting was held in an elementary school, and it was formally decided to choose northern Shaanxi as the final foothold of the Long March.It is also the seventh time that the Party Central Committee has determined the foothold. After passing Minshan Mountain, it is time to go to "home" in northern Shaanxi.When Mao Zedong recalled the Long March, he was full of emotion and poetic, and recited the majestic "Long March Seven Laws": On October 7, the Central Red Army climbed over Liupan Mountain, which is more than 3,000 meters above sea level.Liupan Mountain rises between Gansu and Ningxia in a north-south manner, with steep and majestic peaks.It is the only way for the Red Army to reach the base area in northern Shaanxi, and it is also the last mountain system that the Central Red Army crossed during the Long March. Under the guidance of the local people, the soldiers of the Central Red Army went up Liupan Mountain along Xiaoshuigou and passed the north side of the main peak of Niutou Mountain.Mao Zedong and other central leaders boarded the main peak of Niutoushan and stopped to rest.Mao Zedong looked into the distance, and thousands of thoughts came to his mind. Suddenly, his poems flourished, and he casually recited the "Long March Ballad": The Great Wall is not a hero! After descending the mountain, in a Muslim cave dwelling in Yangwa Village, Guyuan, Mao Zedong wrote down the poems of "Long March Ballad" with his pen by the lamplight of soybean oil.This "Long March Ballad" was immediately sung among the Red Army and had a great influence.Later, the "Long March Ballad" was also widely circulated in the anti-Japanese base areas, the Eighth Route Army, and the New Fourth Army. In August 1946, Mao Zedong made new changes to "Long March Ballad", changing the title to "Qingpingle Liupan Mountain", and changing the content from the original free style to the standardized "Qingpingle" lyrics, which was published in Shanghai's "Liberation Daily" published on. At this time, the leaders of the Central Red Army did not know that the northern Shaanxi base had fallen into "civil strife".The representatives of the Northern Bureau of the Central Committee and the Provisional Central Bureau of Shanghai who came to northern Shaanxi did not go to the masses to investigate and study, ignored the actual situation in the Shaanxi-Gansu border and northern Shaanxi, and listened to the reports of some people with ulterior motives in northern Shaanxi. After the 25th Army and the Northwest Red Army were combined into the 15th Red Army, they teamed up with those in the 25th Red Army who had always followed the wrong "Left" line, copied the method of suppressing counter-revolutionaries in Hubei, Henan, and Anhui, and immediately started targeting the Red 20th Army. The suppression of counter-revolutionaries by the Sixth Army and local cadres on the Shaanxi-Gansu border led to the arrest of cadres above the county level of the Shaanxi-Gansu border Soviet government and cadres above the original Red 26th Army Battalion. Just when the central authorities and the Red Army crossed Liupan Mountain, the wrongful suppression of counterrevolutionaries in the Shaanxi-Gansu base area intensified. A large number of founders of the base area, including Liu Zhidan and Xi Zhongxun, were also imprisoned, handcuffed and fettered, and tortured to extract confessions.In order to block the news, Liu Zhidan's horse was also imprisoned.The common people no longer believed in the Red Army with a southern accent, and avoided them one after another, thinking that they were the Kuomintang troops with makeup, specially coming to destroy the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet Area.For a time, the people's hearts were turned away, and the situation in the base area was very critical.