Chapter 2 Farewell to Yudu River

After the vigorous first great revolution failed in 1927, the Chinese communists and revolutionary masses were not discouraged by the massacre and suppression of the Kuomintang, but stood up bravely, held high the banner of revolution, and launched the Nanchang Uprising, the Autumn Harvest Uprising, and the Guangzhou Uprising After nearly a hundred armed struggles, dozens of Red Army and guerrilla units were established, revolutionary base areas were opened up, and a vigorous agrarian revolution was set off under the leadership of red regimes at all levels. Facing the booming Red Army forces and the ever-expanding revolutionary base areas, Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang government mobilized heavy troops to carry out large-scale military "encirclement and suppression".Completely disregarding the national perils that the Japanese imperialist armed forces occupied the Northeast after the September 18th Incident in 1931, and approaching the pass, they insisted on the policy of "to fight against the outside world, we must first secure the inside", and launched four heavy "encirclement and suppression" against the Red Army and the base areas. The Red Army smashed one by one.Not only did the Kuomintang fail to eliminate the Red Army militarily, but the Red Army was strengthened and its ranks grew to 300,000.

In September 1933, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized another one million troops and more than 200 aircraft to launch an unprecedented fifth "encirclement and suppression" campaign against various revolutionary base areas, devoting the main force to the military operation of "annihilating" the central revolutionary base areas. Chiang Kai-shek He personally went to Nanchang to take command. Due to the erroneous military guidance implemented by the "Left" adventurist leaders, the Red Army lost military opportunities one after another in its anti-"encirclement and suppression" operations. The fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" ultimately failed.

With the situation deteriorating, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission decided to withdraw the main force of the Red Army from the Central Soviet Area, carry out a major strategic shift, and establish a new revolutionary base area in western Hunan and Guangdong.This is the first time that the Central Red Army has determined its foothold. In October 1934, the CPC Central Committee led the Central Red Army to break through. On the evening of October 16, the assembly was completed in the area north of the Yudu River. On the 17th, according to the plan, from Yudu (now Yudu), Huaqiao, Tantouwei (Longshizui), Laigong Temple, Dapingxin (Longshanmen), Xiashanwei (Mengkou) and other 10 ferry crossings to the south Cross the Yudu River.

This is the most tragic scene in the history of Chinese revolution. On the banks of the Yudu River, there are huge crowds of people.Tens of thousands of men, women, old and young stood at various crossings, reluctantly seeing off the Red Army.Yang Dezhi, then head of the First Regiment of the First Division of the Red First Army, described the scene in his memoirs: In the past, when the commanders and fighters of the army heard that they were going to the front line, they would scream "Aww" without mobilization.But this time, the atmosphere was completely different.Although no one knew at the time that this was going to be evacuated from the base area; no one knew that a long march across eleven provinces was going to be carried out; Love is always lingering in everyone's heart.

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