Chapter 110 The "arson leader" in the art world

The "anti-rightist movement is in full swing" in the film and theater circles, and the fine arts circle is also "vigorous". On July 28, 1957, "People's Daily" published the report "A Vicious Rightist Group" by Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Kongcheng, which made the "rightist group" in the art world public. According to the report: The rightist group headed by Pang Xunqin of the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts launched a frenzied attack on the party's leadership and the cause of socialism before and after the party's rectification movement began.It is an attempt to seize the leadership of this academy first, and then seize the leadership of the national arts and crafts circle.The head of this rightist group, Pang Xunqin, is the vice president of the college and the chairman of the NLD branch. Its main members are professor Zheng Ke, secretary of the dean's office Liu Shouqiang, and secretary of the Institute of Arts and Crafts Science He Yanming.Both Liu and He were members of the Communist Party, but they were dragged into the mud pit by Pang and became important members of the rightist group.This group is organized and programmatic, and has careful planning and strategic deployment in its offensive.

Pang Xunqin, a famous Chinese arts and crafts artist.When he studied in France in his early years, he originally studied piano, but his fingers were too short, so the French teachers thought he was not suitable for piano learning.So, I switched to learning the violin.Unexpectedly, the French teacher also said that the violin should be learned from an early age. It is too late to learn the violin when you are in your twenties... Fortunately, he was also very interested in painting since he was a child, so he changed to painting and became an arts and crafts artist. Home. ① The Central Academy of Arts and Crafts was established in the summer of 1956. The appointment of the State Council in the "People's Daily" is as follows: "Pang Xunqin is the first vice president of the Central Academy of Arts and Design." However, the department announced on its own: Pang Xunqin was changed to the third vice president!As for the first and second vice-presidents, they are appointed separately by the department, not by the State Council.

Since the establishment of the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts, there have been such profound contradictions because it has two "mother-in-laws": the Ministry of Culture is the business leader, and the Handicraft Industry Administration is the administrative leader.This is because arts and crafts are different from general art works. Arts and crafts are not only works of art, but also rely on handicrafts for mass production. There is a contradiction between the two "mother-in-laws".The Ministry of Culture was unwilling to take care of it, and pushed it to the Handicraft Administration Bureau, which was not familiar with the business, which made it difficult for the new school.

At this time, it happened that Da Ming Da Fang happened.So, Pang Xunqin "let go" of his worries about the school.In the "People's Daily" on May 12, 1957, he published an article "Follow the Party, the Truth Will Meet the Sun", describing the plight of the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts and his own opinions: The Central Academy of Arts and Crafts was finally established, which is an unprecedented event in my country's cultural undertakings.However, due to the serious bureaucracy of the Ministry of Culture, this start-up school suffered unnecessary setbacks.When the Ministry of Culture decided to establish this academy, it did not discuss and research with the arts and crafts workers beforehand. At the same time, it did not correctly estimate the progress and efforts of the arts and crafts workers under the education of the party over the years, and at the same time, it did not respect these comrades. What is his specialty, hastily only saw that the Handicraft Industry Administration can give up a house, so he decided that the business should be led by the Ministry of Culture, and the administration should be led by the Handicraft Industry Administration.The Ministry of Culture just pushed the school out and left it alone.Separating the business leadership from the administrative leadership, the business leadership has in fact become an empty talk, and the administrative leadership is completely amateurish in business, which has become an obstacle to the advancement of business. However, there was serious subjectivism and sectarianism, which caused this start-up school to suffer various unnecessary losses and devastation from the very beginning.The deputy director of the Handicraft Administration Bureau is also the dean of our college. Since the establishment of the college, he has spent less than 200 hours in total at the school. represent".And when one of the vice presidents was still abroad and the other was sick in the hospital, the president suddenly declared that the school was in a mess and would stop enrolling students. At the same time, he proposed a plan to change the school into a handicraft workshop...

Pang Xunqin called the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts "a baby abandoned by cruel parents".He criticized: This cruel parent is the Ministry of Culture.When the child was abandoned, he was hit by a violent storm, which was some unreasonable and brutal interference in art education by the Handicraft Industry Administration. On the day when Pang Xunqin's article was published in People's Daily, he attended the inaugural meeting of the Chinese Painting Academy.As soon as he entered the venue, he saw Zhou Enlai sitting on the stage.In the past, when Zhou Enlai visited the National Folk Arts and Crafts Exhibition, he was accompanied by Pang Xunqin, and Zhou Enlai got to know him.This time, when the conference was about to begin, Zhou Enlai asked, "Has Pang Xunqin come yet?" Pang Xunqin stood up and replied, "Here." Zhou Enlai immediately said, "Your article was published in the newspaper, I have read it! Why did you Won't you come to the stage?" Pang Xunqin had no choice but to get on the rostrum...

Pang Xunqin's article published in the "People's Daily" is at best just some opinions on the Ministry of Culture and the Handicraft Administration Bureau, and these opinions are all correct. However, in the "Anti-Rightist Movement", some of Pang Xunqin's opinions of the Handicraft Industry Administration Bureau were said to be against "the party's leadership."Therefore, Pang Xunqin was also listed as a "rightist".Some people who held the same opinion as Pang Xunqin were included in the "Rightist Group headed by Pang Xunqin".

On July 29, 1957, the "People's Daily" reported the closing of the National Arts and Crafts Artists Representative Conference, saying that "many representatives exposed the conspiracy of a small group of reactionary rightists headed by Pang Xunqin in the arts and crafts circle." . Pang Xunqin is a democrat.When exposing the "Pang Xunqin Rightist Group", it gradually involved the leader of the Communist Party of China in the art world, Jiang Feng, the dean of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, and even exposed the "Jiangfeng Rightist Group". "People's Daily" stated that Pang Xunqin "proposed an anti-Party platform, which was supported by Jiang Feng":

This rightist group came up with a reactionary and blatantly abolishing the leadership of the party in the school "The Central Academy of Arts and Crafts Organizational Regulations". specific measure".This "concise organizational regulations" is more detailed than Tao Dayong's "democratic school governance" plan.Pang Xunqin said that Jiang Feng, director of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, also agreed with this plan; Jiang Feng made three suggestions to him, which constituted the main content of the plan.This "short rule" cancels the party committee system, and determines that the highest authority of the school is the "College Affairs Committee"; Representatives of parties, trade unions, and the Communist Youth League”; “The Academy Affairs Committee elects five to seven members of the Standing Committee. It forms a Standing Committee; elects the President and Vice Presidents and proposes appointment (approval) by the State Council.” Pang also proposed candidates for the Academy Affairs Committee in the future. Liu Shouqiang is the candidate.At this time, the activities of the rightist group headed by Pang Xunqin can be said to have reached the most rampant level of anti-party and anti-socialism. ①

Pang Xunqin's opinion seems to be completely correct today, but in the "anti-rightist movement", it became an "anti-party program". On July 29, 1957, the "People's Daily" published a report with a headline: "Hiding in the Party Wants to Fan Anti-Party Flames The Art Circle Has Found an "Arson Leader"——Jiang Feng" The report said: At a symposium held by the Ministry of Culture yesterday, artists in the capital exposed and criticized the anti-Party remarks and actions of Jiang Feng (President of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, Vice Chairman of the China Artists Association, and Party Secretary).

Vice Minister of Culture Qian Junrui briefly described Jiang Feng's anti-Party words and deeds at the meeting.He hoped that the art world would launch a great political debate, and distinguish right from wrong according to the six criteria instructed by Chairman Mao. At the meeting, well-known painters and sculptors Ai Zhongxin, Wu Zuoren, Liu Kaiqu, etc. all made speeches criticizing Jiang Feng. Among the various "anti-Party words and deeds" exposed by Jiang Feng, the most "serious" are some of his words about Mao Zedong: He said that "not every sentence of the party leader is completely correct", and he tried to use this to oppose the party leader, saying that "it is very dangerous to decide the problem based on the above one or two sentences. This is a kind of worship of authority." Thought."①

Jiang Feng's so-called "reactionary words and deeds" are not actually reactionary. On September 11, 1957, the "People's Daily" published the article "Criticism of Jiang Feng's Anti-Party Thought in Literature and Art" by the famous literary theorist Mr. Wang Chaowen, which carried out "theoretical criticism" of Jiang Feng.