Chapter 69 Zhang Naiqi "refuses criticism"

When the "Zhangluo League" was "discussed by the whole party and the whole country", Zhang Naiqi, another "big rightist", was also an important target of the "big criticism". From June 8, 1957, Zhang Naiqi began to be criticized, and the momentum of that criticism became stronger day by day, and the tone became higher and higher. Initially, the criticism of Zhang Naiqi was limited to his speeches in Da Ming Da Fang, from "comrade-style help" to the above-mentioned line, that is, "anti-Party and anti-socialism", such as denying bourgeois exploitation, Oppose socialist transformation and so on.

Li Zhuchen's criticism of Zhang Naiqi is quite representative.He pointed out that Zhang Naiqi "has consistently used double-dealing methods" to "achieve the purpose of encouraging the business community to oppose socialist reform." Li Zhuchen criticized Zhang Naiqi from four aspects: 1. Do not allow the industrial and commercial circles to accept transformation; 2. The teaching and business circles deny the leadership of the working class; 3. The teaching and business community denies exploitation; Fourth, to sow discord between the business community and the party and the government, to make us oppose the party's leadership, and to give up the road of socialism.

Li Zhuchen is also a democrat. He used to be the director of Yongli Soda Plant.Of course, he also participated in criticizing Zhang Naiqi as a kind of "political task". Later, it was expanded to his speeches before he made a big statement, such as "red bourgeois political party" and the like.He became an "extreme rightist" and a "leader of the rightist". Finally, "dig the roots and settle the old score".Shanghai "Wen Wei Po" published Yang Da's "Short Businessman Zhang Naiqi's Ugly History of His Fortune" on July 9, 1957. The subtitle was shocking enough:

"Take refuge in Li Zongren, collude with Chen Guangfu, and set up an industrial company on empty airs. The war feeds this political stick, and he becomes a rich man with his bare hands." Therefore, this famous democracy fighter, one of the "Seven Gentlemen", was labeled as an "anti-communist veteran". Facing the frenzy of criticism, Zhang Naiqi did not admit his "wrongness". On June 16, 1957, "People's Daily" published a report with a very eye-catching headline: "Zhang Naiqi Refuses Criticism"! It was at the joint meeting of the China Democratic National Construction Association and the Standing Committee of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, criticizing Zhang Naiqi and Li Kangnian.

The report said: Those who spoke at the meeting asked Zhang Naiqi to deeply examine his erroneous remarks, but Zhang Naiqi continued to defend some of his recent arguments, saying that he disagreed with the criticisms of him by people in the business circles and the Standing Committee of the Democratic National Construction Association. Zhang Naiqi made a speech. He said that he was very grateful for everyone's enthusiasm, but he could not be persuaded from a reasonable point of view. He said that this was his honesty, otherwise he could have a fake review. He said: "Everyone reported that the work below is not easy to do, and said that my remarks provoked it. I am wrong. This is a natural development under the party's leadership under the party's policy of 'sing out' and 'letting go'. , Many of the remarks were caused by the rectification movement, not by my articles."

On the contrary, Lee Kang-nien expressed his withdrawal of his opinion on fixed interest rate for 20 years.The report said: Li Kangnian said that among my past suggestions, the most inappropriate point is that the government should issue redemption certificates of deposit of 2.2 billion yuan, with a redemption period of 20 years. I hereby withdraw this point.But the rest of the proposal remains for the government to take. On June 17, the day after the report appeared in the newspaper, Zhang Naiqi said at the joint meeting of the China Democratic National Construction Association and the Standing Committee of the Federation of Industry and Commerce that he was "at peace of mind, relaxed and happy", "I don't force myself to be a leftist, but for the sake of The interests of the revolution are not afraid of others labeling me as a rightist.”

Zhang Naiqi still insisted on his point of view.For this reason, on July 4, 1957, the "People's Daily" published the Xinhua News Agency's telegram of July 2, reporting on Zhang Naiqi's "stubborn attitude." The report is as follows: Spokespersons of the China Democratic National Construction Association and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce issued a statement today, rebuking Zhang Naiqi for slandering the Democratic National Construction Association and the Federation of Industry and Commerce at the Sichuan Representative Group Meeting of the National People's Congress and for stubbornly resisting criticism.

The spokesman said: "Our NPC and CPPCC have learned from the Sichuan Representative Group of the National People's Congress that the Sichuan Representative Group has repeatedly criticized rightist Zhang Naiqi's anti-Party and anti-socialist words and deeds, but Zhang Naiqi still stubbornly insists on the reactionary stand and resist criticism. On July 1, when the Sichuan representative group held a meeting, Zhang Naiqi intensified, wantonly slandering the joint instructions of our two sessions." On the morning of July 2, our Two Sessions, at the invitation of the Sichuan Representative Group, sent representatives to the Sichuan Representative Group to sternly refute Zhang Naiqi's slander, and pointed out that Zhang Naiqi dared to use the solemn occasion of the People's Congress group meeting, and again It is intolerable to spread his reactionary remarks all at once.

However, Zhang Naiqi continued to sophistry for his reactionary activities with a rogue attitude after the speeches made by the representatives of the NPC and CPPCC, which immediately aroused the unanimous indignation and refutation of the representatives. The spokesperson said: "This fact shows that Zhang Naiqi is determined to take the road of anti-party and socialism, and cut himself off from the people. Regarding his reactionary activities, all members of our two associations must expose and criticize them thoroughly, and work with Zhang Naiqi and others. The rightists are determined to fight to the end.”

Because Zhang Naiqi refused to admit his "wrongness", Mao Zedong regarded him as a "die-hard".Mao Zedong once said: "Those among the rightists who are unwilling, probably Zhang Naiqi is one of them."① In fact, Zhang Naiqi was already famous for his stubbornness. As early as the 1930s, Zou Taofen, one of the "Seven Gentlemen", made the following vivid description of Zhang Naiqi in the book "Experience": "Naqi's character is rather stubborn, but not unreasonably stubborn; he discusses issues with his friends, and every time he likes to have a heated argument, as long as you can argue with him, he is willing to accommodate your opinion, otherwise he will always refuse. Concession. Some friends feel that he is too harsh when he argues, but those who know his character will know that his heart is very pure and warm, and there is no malice at all."

Zou Taofen's words can be said to be the most fair evaluation of Zhang Naiqi. A careful examination of all Zhang Naiqi's remarks in Da Ming Da Fang shows that there is indeed "no malice at all". The author interviewed "rightist" Xu Hansan.On October 24, 1990, after visiting Zhang Naiqi's wife Yang Meizhen in Beijing, the author went to see Mr. Xu Hansan, who was 84 years old.When he talked about his impression of Zhang Naiqi, he agreed with Zou Taofen: "Mr. Zhang Naiqi likes to hit the 'face-to-face gong'. He is very frank. He either agrees or disagrees, always with a clear stand. If he is wrong, he will admit his mistake, but if he is right, he will never admit his mistake. He is a tough guy."