Chapter 71 Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo were wrongly killed, Mao Zedong said that this is not a policy

In late February 1929, the Fourth Red Army moved to Donggu Mountain and successfully joined forces with the Second and Fourth Red Regiments of Jiangxi.At this time, Yuan Wencai, who had been the chief of staff of the Fourth Red Army, and Liu Huixiao, who was the secretary-general of the former Committee of the Fourth Red Army, suddenly left without saying goodbye. Mao Zedong and others were taken aback, but after careful study, they knew the whole story. At the Bailu meeting held on the eve of the Red Fourth Army's departure from the Jinggangshan base area, there was an extremely unfavorable situation for Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo.

The first topic of the meeting was to convey the spirit of the relevant resolutions of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and Mao Zedong read out the resolutions passed by the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.When conveying the "Resolution on the Organization of the Soviet Power", Mao Zedong suddenly announced in the middle: "Take a break." Many people don't understand it, and it's just a break in the middle of the meeting.In fact, this was a temporary strategic measure adopted by Mao Zedong, because the tenth question of the resolution is about "relationship with bandits". The original text reads: "Alliance with bandits or similar groups is applicable only After an armed uprising, it is advisable to disarm them and severely suppress them. This is to maintain local order and prevent the resurgence of counter-revolutionary leaders. Their leaders should be treated as counter-revolutionary leaders, even if they help the armed uprising. Such leaders are It should be completely wiped out. It is extremely dangerous to allow bandits to penetrate deep into the revolutionary army or government. These elements must be expelled from the revolutionary army and government agencies, that is, the most reliable part of them, and they can only be used to work in the enemy's rear. They cannot be placed within the sphere of the Soviet government."

"Severe suppression" and "complete annihilation", such drastic words and harsh measures, will definitely stimulate Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo, who were born as "green forest heroes", and cause them to misunderstand.Therefore, Mao Zedong announced a break, and he never read this passage at the meeting. However, the spirit of the central government's decision cannot be concealed.Therefore, during the Bailu meeting, Mao Zedong convened another small-scale meeting, attended by Zhu De, Chen Yi, Peng Dehuai, Tan Zhenlin, Wang Huai, Long Chaoqing and others.Mao Zedong conveyed the unread passage omitted at the meeting, and discussed how to treat Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo.

Wang Huai and Long Chaoqing advocated the killing of Yuan and Wang. Although they were motivated by conflicts between local and Hakka origins, they were fighting under the banner of resolutely implementing the resolutions of the Party Central Committee. Mao Zedong disagreed with the killing of Yuan and Wang. He proposed specific analysis of the specific situation and the opinion that instructions from superiors could not be mechanically implemented.Mao Zedong believed that Yuan Wencai was a party member during the Great Revolution and not a "bandit". After Wang Zuo joined the Red Army, he was active and joined the party organization during the struggle, so Yuan and Wang could not be killed.

Most of the comrades present at the meeting agreed with Mao Zedong's opinion. After Mao Zedong's patient work, the meeting finally made a decision not to kill Yuan and Wang. However, Yuan Wencai eventually learned about this section of the resolution of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.This was when the Fourth Red Army moved to Donggu. He and Liu Huixiao saw the relevant resolutions of the Sixth National Congress by chance, and they were terrified when they saw it. They couldn't believe it, and felt even more frightened, so they decided to run away.

Liu Tianlin, who ran away with them at the time, recalled that after learning that the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China decided to kill the bandit leader, they "discussed to leave the army and flee home. At that time, Yuan Wencai, Xie Guibiao, and Liu Huixiao each Bringing a pistol, Yuan Wencai pretended to be a small businessman, and carried a load of rotten baskets on his shoulders, and put some peppers and garlic in the basket. The basket had a double bottom, and the shelling gun was placed in the middle of the bottom of the basket. Xie Guibiao carried two cloth bags, There are peanuts and a small scale in the cloth bag, and the pistol is under the armpit. Liu Huixiao and I are buyers of cowhide. Liu Huixiao is carrying an umbrella. He is a small businessman who buys cowhide. After walking around the mountain road for more than 20 days, we arrived at Taihe, and three days later we arrived at Xinyuanbei, Nanxiang, Yongxin, where we met Zhou Guichun (the former commander of the special agent company of the Red Thirty-two Regiment). We were very happy at that time. After that, we returned immediately Ninggang lived in Lishushan, Bailu, in April 1929 (May in the Gregorian calendar).

Yuan Wencai and others quietly returned to Jinggangshan. He knew the mistake of leaving the team privately, so he had to find "Old Geng" Wang Zuo secretly. After Wang Zuo found out the situation, he reported to He Changgong, secretary of the Ninggang County Party Committee. The local revolutionaries Long Chaoqing and Xie Xi'an in the Ninggang County Party Committee insisted on serious punishment for simple and legitimate reasons: first, the resolutions of the Sixth National Congress had the spirit of instructions to severely suppress the bandit leaders; second, Yuan Wencai and others secretly Leaving the team was a huge mistake.

He Changgong was in a dilemma, so he had to report to Wan Xixian, inspector of the Special Border Commission.Wan Xi first knew Yuan Wencai well, and had a close friendship with him. After several considerations, she decided to give Yuan Wencai the punishment of "warning within the party" and sent him to the County Red Guard Brigade as the captain. Yuan Wencai understood the seriousness of the mistake he made, so he has no complaints about this handling.He happily accepted the punishment, and actively participated in the struggle to defend the border. However, the dissatisfaction with Yuan Wencai among the local revolutionaries Long Chaoqing, Xie Xi'an and others on the border has not been eliminated.

The contradictions between natives and foreigners on the border have existed for a long time. After the establishment of the revolutionary base area, Mao Zedong and the border special committee did a lot of work to mediate and ease the contradictions between the two, especially strengthening ideological education within the party organization, and even taking organizational measures , to resolve contradictions and resolve contradictions. However, the effect is not obvious.Fights between the indigenous revolutionaries headed by Long Chaoqing and Xie Xi'an, and the Hakka revolutionaries headed by Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo still occurred from time to time.

Originally, Yuan Wencai, Liu Huixiao and others were transferred to work in the Fourth Red Army in order to alleviate the conflicts between natives and foreigners on the border, and they didn't want them to slip back by themselves. Yuan Wencai was once again involved in the fierce vortex of conflicts between the natives and the natives on the border. In the winter of 1929, the murder of Wan Xixian developed the contradiction between Yuan Wencai and the native revolutionaries to the confrontation with the Yongxin County Party Committee and the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Special Committee. Liu Zhen, secretary of the Yongxin County Party Committee, was unfortunately captured and killed by a local tyrant. Some people spread rumors that Wan Xi was the first to envoy him.The Yongxin County Party Committee listened to the rumors and organized the Red Guards of Yongxin County to question Wanxi Xianxing.Wan Xixian, who made great contributions to the establishment of the Jinggangshan base area and the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, died tragically at the hands of his own people.

Yuan Wencai, who had a good relationship with Wan Xixian, was very angry when he heard about it, and was extremely dissatisfied with the Yongxin County Party Committee. The Yongxin County Party Committee and then Yongxin Border Special Committee members Zhu Changxi, Wang Huai, etc. also had a grudge with Yuan Wencai, Wang Zuo, etc., and it developed to the point where they wanted to get rid of it and then quickly. Just at this moment, Peng Qingquan (Pan Xinyuan), an inspector sent by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, arrived at the border of Hunan and Jiangxi.Under the guidance of this inspector, from January 18 to 21, 1930, the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Special Committee, the West Jiangxi Special Committee, and the Fifth Red Army Military Committee held a joint meeting in Yutian, Suichuan County. The joint meeting discussed many important issues and made some correct decisions. However, under the guidance of "Left" ideology, this meeting also accepted the views of the Yongxin County Party Committee and some members of the Special Border Committee, and made a wrong decision: to use force to solve Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo.In this way, the original internal contradictions have been raised into contradictions between ourselves and the enemy by means of organizational decisions. The decision has been made, what is missing is the timing. Soon, the opportunity came. February 2nd is the fourth day of the first lunar month of the Chinese New Year.Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo led troops to raid the Chaling River Estuary and captured Luo Keshao, the head of the reactionary Jingwei regiment in Chaling County, in one fell swoop in Jiaoping. Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo arrested Luo Keshao because Luo had an arsenal with more than 30 people and could make guns. They wanted to use Luo to get some guns for the Red Army.Therefore, after arresting Luo, they did not embarrass Luo, but persuaded him with good words. Xie Xi'an, secretary of the Ninggang County Party Committee, was very dissatisfied with this and strongly advocated killing Luo Keshao. Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo didn't listen to Xie Xi'an, but locked Luo Keshao as a hostage. Xie Xi'an filed a complaint with the Special Border Commission.Therefore, he was charged with "colluding with Luo Keshao and disturbing the red government of Yongxin". On February 22, Yuan and Wang suddenly received a "letter from Committee Member Mao", saying that they were asked to lead a team to cooperate with the Fifth Red Army to attack Ji'an.Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo, who have always believed that "Mao Zedong is a central talent" and only admire Mao Zedong personally, naturally obeyed. Although obedience is obedience, Yuan Wencai seems to have an ominous premonition.Su Gan Su Lanchun, an old man from Ninggang, recalled: "Yuan said: I can go or not. But I can't go. People will say that I am not transferred. Someone will sue me. Not good. Yuan said, took out a book from his underwear pocket and said: There is a saying in it, 'flying a stone in half a day, breaking the fish in the water', maybe this level is sad." On the evening of the 22nd, Yuan and Wang led the team to Yongxin City, the gathering place.Sure enough, here came the local armed forces from the border counties, and there was a tense atmosphere of formations fighting Ji'an. In the evening, Yuan and Wang attended the meeting held by the special committee.Peng Qingquan, the central inspector who presided over the meeting, accused Yuan and Wang without naming names on the grounds of rectifying their ideology. Red regime" and other charges.Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo were very annoyed by the accusation of partial listening and partial belief, but they still patiently refuted them one by one. Peng Qingquan couldn't tolerate Yuan and Wang's explanation, he slapped the Browning pistol on the table angrily, and said, "Are you doing anything wrong?" Yuan Wencai did not show weakness: "I made mistakes, and the problem is not as serious as you said." The hot-tempered Wang Zuo didn't like this, he also slapped his pistol on the table and confronted Peng Qingquan. The meeting broke up badly. On the 23rd, everything seemed to be normal, and the special committee brought a lot of food and wine to entertain Yuan and Wang's troops.But the fact that troops in other counties were buying white cloth to weave belts aroused Wang Zuo's vigilance. Wang Zuo said to Yuan Wencai: "Lao Geng, I'm afraid this time it will be a disaster, so I'd better take the team away and retreat to Jiulong Mountain." Yuan Wencai didn't believe it: "Don't be suspicious, there are those who beat their own people." At the end.He also added: "You are really bull-eyed, you see people as big as straws." Wang Zuo replied angrily: "You have goose eyes, you underestimate people!" In fact, on the evening of the 22nd, Peng Qingquan and the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Special Committee had already sent letters and people to find Peng Dehuai, asking the Fifth Red Army to send troops to solve Yuan and Wang immediately. Decades later, Peng Dehuai talked about the situation at that time in his self-report: the incident was so sudden, the time was so urgent, and such a thing was very difficult to deal with.At that time, the Military Commission held a temporary meeting, and the special committee and I jointly decided to send Liu Zongyi (Zhang Chunqing), the party representative of the fourth column, to lead a part of the fourth column (30 miles away from Yongxin City) to approach the county seat. If the report made by the comrades of the special committee was not true, then the comrades of the special committee are also responsible, and we also have the responsibility of listening and credulous. The Fourth Column of the Fifth Red Army set off on the starry night of the 23rd, arrived at Yongxin City at dawn on the 24th, and immediately surrounded Yuan and Wang's troops. Tragedy finally happened! Zhu Changkai, Secretary of the Border Special Committee, was the first to rush into Yuan Wencai's room. Before Yuan Wencai knew what happened, he was shot and killed on the bed by Zhu Changkai.After Wang Zuo heard the gunshot, he fled to the east gate with a few cronies. Unexpectedly, the pontoon bridge leading to Ninggang had been broken down. Wang Zuo and others had to wade across the river. Dongguan Tanli. Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo, who had made great contributions to the establishment of the Jinggangshan base area, died like this, and became victims of "Left" opportunist mistakes. This is the most heart-wrenching scene in the Jinggangshan struggle. The direct consequence of the death of Yuan and Wang was that the two revolutionary armed forces of Yuan and Wang disappeared. The major impact of the war was the subsequent loss of the Jinggangshan military base. Moreover, although the Red Army tried to restore it many times later, it failed; Correctly distinguish and handle two types of contradictions of different nature. After Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo were wrongly killed, Mao Zedong deeply regretted it. He said many times: Killing Yuan and Wang was a mistake, and this is not a policy. In the 1950s after the liberation of the whole country, the unjust cases of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo were rehabilitated, and they were also recognized as revolutionary martyrs. In May 1965, Mao Zedong returned to Jinggangshan and met with Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo's widow.Mao Zedong held the hand of Yuan Wencai's wife Xie Meixiang and said: "Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo are gone. They have contributed to the victory of the Chinese revolution." This is a fair evaluation of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo. Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo were wrongly killed, which was a great tragedy in the later struggle of the Jinggangshan base area. After the death of Yuan and Wang, the Jinggangshan military base was completely lost. Some people attribute the cause to the death of Yuan and Wang, which naturally makes sense.Because the Red Army lost the trust of the local people who supported Yuan and Wang. However, the death of Yuan and Wang was not the end of the Jinggangshan base area. Although the Fourth Red Army and the Fifth Red Army that went out from Jinggangshan did not return to Jinggangshan, the situation of the red separatist regime reappeared.However, these two Red Army units that had passed the test of the Jinggangshan struggle created even more impressive achievements: the Fourth Red Army moved to southwestern Jiangxi, captured Ji'an, established the Soviet government of Jiangxi Province, and finally opened up a central revolutionary base centered on Ruijin. The Fifth Red Army fought hard in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi and the Hunan-Jiangxi border, which led to the rapid rise of the Hunan-Jiangxi revolutionary base centered on Yongxin. The momentum of the two Red Army units is even greater, and the military might is stronger.The First Red Army, the Third Red Army, and even the First Red Army. This is the continuation and development of the Jinggangshan struggle. The Red Army has a larger living space, and the revolution has a broader development space. Isn't this more meaningful than restoring the Jinggangshan base? The Jinggang spark eventually developed into a prairie fire.This is the great contribution of the Jinggangshan base to the Chinese revolution. Mao Zedong spoke highly of the great historical achievements of the Jinggangshan base area in "The Struggle of Jinggangshan": "The red flag on the border has never fallen, which not only shows the strength of the Communist Party, but also shows the bankruptcy of the ruling class. It is of great significance in national politics. significance."