Chapter 70 "The red flag on the border will never fall"

The tight situation in the Jinggangshan base area was reported to the Fourth Red Army, which was opening up a new area in southern Jiangxi. In order to relieve the siege of Jinggangshan, the Fourth Red Army sent troops to the east, and fought here in the Donggu area of ​​Ji'an on February 20, 1929. The Jiangxi Red Second and Fourth Regiments, led by Li Wenlin, Zeng Bingchun, and Duan Qifeng, joined forces in victory. Donggu, located in the mountainous area of ​​western Jiangxi, is the center of another red base formed in April 1928.It echoes the base area of ​​Jinggang Mountain, so there is a saying that "there is Jinggang Mountain on the top and Donggu Mountain on the bottom".Now, the Red Army of Jinggangshan and the Red Army of Donggushan finally join forces, and everyone is very happy.

Mao Zedong praised the second and fourth regiments of the Red Army for building a red base under extremely difficult conditions. He called the Fourth Red Army an "iron army", while the second and fourth regiments of the Red Army were a "steel army". Invincible. Zhu De said humorously that the Kuomintang reactionaries shouted to defeat "Zhu Mao" every day, but "Zhu Mao" fought more and more. Now even the Red Army in Donggushan has become "Zhu Mao"! Chen Yi, who is good at composing poems on the theme of his military career, is even more prolific in poetry, and he recites poems expressing emotion: "Donggu Mountain is high, and its peaks are like barriers. This is Dongjinggang, and the world is strong when it is united."

Although Mao Zedong, Zhu De and others were very excited about joining forces with the Second and Fourth Regiments of the Red Army in Donggu Mountain, they finally confirmed here that the Jinggangshan base area had been lost, and the Fifth Red Army had broken through and descended the mountain. This is the most unwanted news, but it is also a reality that has to be accepted. The goal of solving the siege of Jinggangshan was not achieved, and the enemy forces chasing the Fourth Red Army advanced towards the Donggu area.After a few days of rest, the Fourth Red Army left Donggu on February 25 to go guerrilla in southern Jiangxi and western Fujian.

Just when the Fourth Red Army went to Donggu to break the siege of Jinggangshan, the Fifth Red Army that broke out from Jinggangshan, led by Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan, went to southern Jiangxi to find the main force of the Fourth Red Army. It was a difficult journey. Peng Dehuai recounted in his "Reminiscences of the Past": In order to avoid being destroyed, we led the six or seven hundred people who were housed, plus more than a thousand people who were wounded, disabled, sick, and weak, from Jinggang Mountains. Breaking out from the cliff to the south, he was ambushed by the enemy again in Zuo'an, broke through the siege, and escaped from the enemy's siege after several days and nights of hard work (the plight of starvation and hunger at that time was indescribable).However, the enemy continued to pursue, block, and flank. Our army passed through Chongyi, Anyuan, Huichang and other counties, and it took about a month to reach the Liantang and Dongcun areas of Xingguo, where we found the local party organization and the Second Regiment.At this time, with the help of the local party organization and the cover of the masses, I had a better understanding of the enemy's situation and got two days' rest.During this long-distance combat march, there were only more than 300 people left in the department, so they deeply realized the importance of the base area. ... After a short rest, Liu Shiyi of the White Army pursued and occupied Liantang again.Our army broke away from the white army's pursuit by night, and rushed to Yudu City, and wiped out a battalion of Liu Brigade's left-behind troops and a militia regiment, totaling more than a thousand people. Killed hundreds of people from the city militia.At that time, he was still preparing to return to Jinggangshan to restore the Hunan-Jiangxi border base area. He found documents in the reactionary county office in Anyuan County and learned the news that the Fourth Red Army had captured Changting.In order to cooperate with the actions of the Fourth Red Army, our army marched northward to occupy Ruijin (Teng Yudu was injured and recuperated).At this time, the Fifth Red Army had grown from more than 300 people to more than 700 people.

On April 1, the Fourth Red Army, which had won several consecutive victories in western Fujian and supplemented a large number of military supplies, came to southern Jiangxi again and joined the Fifth Red Army in Ruijin. Reunited after the catastrophe, the leaders and commanders of the two armies who came down from the Jinggang Mountains were all very excited for the reunion! Important Red Army forces in the Jinggangshan base area escaped from danger one after another and survived the predicament. Leaders such as Mao Zedong and Zhu De felt very grateful.At this time, they were more concerned about the land that once gave birth to the Red Army. Will there still be party activities and armed struggle led by the party?

The party organizations and people at the border responded with actions. After the Red Army broke through and descended from the mountain, the situation of armed separatism on the Hunan-Jiangxi border was basically lost. Under the double blow of the enemy's military pressure and political deceit, the border party organizations and armed forces suffered varying degrees of losses, and the border struggle was once at a standstill. state. However, the party organizations on the border are still there, and the fire still exists. In February 1929, shortly after the Fifth Red Army broke through the siege, Wan Xi, a member of the border special committee and inspector of the special committee, first came to Jiulong Mountain.He convened the party leaders of Ninggang, Chaling, and Yongxin counties, held a joint meeting, and decided to set up a temporary special committee for the Hunan-Jiangxi border of the Communist Party of China, with Liu Zhen, Wan Xixian, and Zhu Changxi as the standing committee members, and Zhu Changxi as the secretary.The temporary special committee started the recovery work of the border party organization.

On March 14, an enlarged meeting of the border special committee was held in Yongxin, and a new temporary special committee was established. It was decided that Zhu Changxi, He Changgong, Wan Xixian, Liu Zhen, and Chen Zhengren would be the standing committee members. Liu Zongyi, Wang Huai, and Long Chaoqing and Tan Sicong are alternate members of the Standing Committee, and Zhu Changxi is the secretary.Immediately afterwards, under the leadership of the special committee, party organizations at all levels in the border area began to recover, especially in counties such as Yongxin, Chaling, and Ninggang. Most of the party organizations quickly became healthy and carried out activities and struggles.

The border party organizations were gradually recovering, and at the same time, the Red Army armed forces that had been scattered and concealed gradually became active. In March and April, the Jianggui War broke out, and the Kuomintang troops who "suppressed" Jinggangshan were transferred out one after another, and only one regular regiment was stationed in Yongxin County.Taking advantage of this opportunity, the temporary border special committee formed the first independent regiment of the Red Army on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi. This is the reconstruction of the armed forces of the Red Army on the border.This team was composed of the First Brigade of the Fifth Red Army led by Li Can, who persisted before breaking through the encirclement, Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuobu who were ordered to stay behind, and local armed forces in Yongxin, Ninggang, Lianhua, Chaling and other counties.This army has more than 400 guns. Although there are not many guns, it is full of vitality like the sprouts of the resurrection after the wildfire.

Attacked the enemies of Ninggang, Longshi, and the ancient city; captured the guns of the door-to-door regiment of Chaling and Shangzhuang; scattered the security teams of Yongxin Longtian and Lujiang...for a while, the landowners and gentry on the border panicked. Therefore, the noble gentry pieced together a "tea, Yong, Ling, and Ning 4-county joint defense" to put out the revived "wildfire".I didn't want the fire to be extinguished, but I was burned, and I was completely defeated. The arrogance of the landlords and gentry was hit; the hopes of the people began to sprout.

Mao Zedong, Zhu De, etc. are still paying attention to the struggle in Jinggangshan. At the end of April, under the order of the former committee, Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan led the Fifth Red Army, and returned to Jinggangshan all the way. "The Fifth Red Army is back!" The news quickly spread throughout Jinggangshan.The people in the base area swept away the haze of the three "suppression meetings", rekindled hope and increased confidence. The Fifth Red Army brought the spirit of instructions from the higher-level party committee and the struggle experience of Donggushan, and the border special committee "felt the need for political rearrangement." Therefore, on May 10, the Hunan-Jiangxi border war was held in the ancient city of Ninggang. The fourth executive committee of the Special Committee.

This was an extremely important meeting in the late struggle in the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base.At that time, the comrades in charge of the party members who insisted on the Jinggangshan struggle and the leading comrades of the Fifth Red Army all attended the meeting.The meeting summed up the experience and lessons of the past struggles, and put forward the proposition that "the guiding organs of the border party should be transferred from the mountains to the plains and wide areas (cities or villages for the masses), and from an open form to a secret state." .The meeting produced new leading members of the special committee: Deng Qianyuan, Liu Tianqian, Chen Zhengren, Liu Zhen, and Tan Sicong were the standing members of the special committee, Deng Qianyuan was the secretary, and Liu Tianqian was the deputy secretary. In view of the new situation in the border struggle, the meeting also conducted research on military struggle and its tactics, and made some important decisions, which involved many aspects such as "military concentration policy", guerrilla political program, guerrilla area, guerrilla strategy, etc. "Battle policy" is the most important. The so-called "military concentration policy" is to relatively concentrate the armed forces led by the party and organize more regular Red Army.The reasons are: (1) "To enable the Five Armies to undertake the important task of 'restoring border regime', the Five Armies themselves must be helped to strengthen their combat effectiveness"; (2) "The motley troops on the border do not observe order and hinder the Party's Policy and Work"; (3) "The reason for the difficulties of the Red Guards in the past was that, on the one hand, they had to defend the territory and defend against the enemy, and on the other hand, they needed an economic outlet. Because of the weakness of the Red Guards themselves, it was difficult to have both"; (4 ) "The armed forces of the landlord class on the border are superior to the armed forces of the revolution, so the armed forces on the revolutionary side may be less likely to attack and eliminate the armed forces of the landlord class; the armed forces on the revolutionary side will exceed the armed forces of the landlord class, so it is possible to eliminate the armed forces of the landlord class head-on many". Obviously, the "policy of concentrating troops" was adopted in order to concentrate troops to compete with the reactionary armed forces. This just reflected the military thought of the Front Committee and Mao Zedong's "dividing troops to mobilize the masses and concentrating them to deal with the enemy".For this reason, the First Independent Regiment of the Border Red Army was organized into the Sixth Column of the Fifth Red Army, with Wang Zuo as the commander of the column and He Changgong as the party representative of the column. Unexpectedly, the return of the Fifth Red Army to Jinggangshan alarmed the enemy.Just as the fourth executive committee of the Border Special Committee was convened, the two regiments of the Jiangxi enemy rushed over in two directions.In order to avoid its edge, the Fifth Red Army had to leave Jinggangshan again and fight on the border of Hunan, Guangdong and Jiangxi.Since the first independent regiment of the Red Army on the border has been organized into the sixth column of the Fifth Red Army, it also left with the army. The Hunan-Jiangxi border area once again fell into a situation where there was no main Red Army. The enemy's military attack, burning, killing and looting once again shrouded the border in white terror, and the separatist regime was once again destroyed. At the end of June, the Fifth Red Army returned to Jinggangshan from the border of Hunan, Guangdong and Jiangxi, and successively recovered the two counties of Suichuan and Ninggang. In mid-July, he severely damaged the enemy in Anfu, killing and wounding more than 300 members of the enemy's 74th Regiment, and seized a large number of weapons. The successive victories of the Red Army inspired the courage of the masses and struck down the arrogance of the enemy. Armed separatists once again appeared on the border. On August 7, at the request of the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Border Special Committee, the Fifth Red Army left Jinggangshan again and went to the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi border to carry out guerrilla struggles. This time, although the enemy took advantage of the situation to occupy Ningkang and Lianhua counties.However, the border party organizations, which had already prepared and experienced, relied on Yuan and Wang's Hongjun troops and local armed forces, and relied on the masses of the people to persevere in the armed struggle on the border. In September and October, the red armed forces on the border took advantage of the opportunity of the enemy's deployment of defense and recovered the counties of Lianhua and Ningkang by surprise. On October 30, the red armed forces in the three counties of Yongxin, Ninggang, and Lianhua took joint operations and captured Yongxin County in one fell swoop. From then on, the Jinggangshan revolutionary base with Ninggang as the center gradually developed into the Hunan-Jiangxi revolutionary base with Yongxin as the center.