Chapter 40 From the Former Committee to the Hunan-Jiangxi Special Committee

After the Fourth Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army was established and successively broke through the second and third "suppression" of the Jiangxi enemy, the Jinggangshan revolutionary base was further consolidated and expanded.It was at this time that the Ji'an County Party Committee forwarded a letter of instruction from the Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, clearly approving the organization of the Hunan-Jiangxi Special Committee (Cha, You, Lingxian, Ninggang, Lianhua, Yongxin, and Suichuan). On May 21st and 22nd, county congresses were convened to decide on political issues, political discipline, riot slogans, political platforms, and elect leaders.”

This is really exciting and good news. Mao Zedong has always attached great importance to the construction of the border party, believing that it is the first condition for establishing a solid revolutionary base area, and it is also an important symbol that distinguishes the armed separatist regime of workers and peasants from "fallen grass" as bandits. During the Autumn Harvest Uprising, the Hunan Provincial Party Committee established the Front Enemy Committee with Mao Zedong as its secretary as the leading body. After that, the Front Committee has firmly held the leadership of the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army.

When Mao Zedong led the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army to plant the red flag on Jinggangshan, in order to establish a solid revolutionary base, Mao Zedong and the Front Committee took the restoration and reconstruction of the border party organization as an important task. Before the arrival of the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army led by Mao Zedong, the grassroots organizations of the Communist Party were not blank in the counties on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi.By March 1927, more than half of the rural areas in Lingxian, Chaling, Suichuan, Ninggang, Yongxin, Lianhua and other counties had established Party branches.

However, as Mao Zedong said in his report to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on November 25, 1928, "Before and after the Ma-day Incident, the parties in the border counties were, so to speak, manipulated by opportunism. When the counter-revolution came, few resolute struggle". In October 1927, when the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants "arrived in the border counties, there were only a few party members who took refuge and hid, and all the party organizations were destroyed by the enemy." While looking for a foothold for the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army and solving the problems of the army's survival and development, Mao Zedong set out to restore and rebuild the border party organization.

The next morning after troops occupied Lianhua County, Mao Zedong convened a meeting with the leaders of the former Lianhua County party organization who were hiding in Shiqiao Mountain, Youxian County, Hunan Province, and asked them to restore the party organization as soon as possible. After the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants arrived in Sanwan, Mao Zedong quickly got in touch with Long Chaoqing, the Ninggang County Party Committee. On the night when the troops entered Maoping, he summoned some party members from Yongxin, Ninggang, and Lianhua counties to introduce the Autumn Harvest Uprising. situation, encourage everyone to quickly rebuild local party organizations in the midst of the struggle.

In early November, Mao Zedong presided over a joint meeting of the heads of Yongxin, Ninggang, and Lianhua counties in Xiangshan Nunnery in Maoping. In January 1928, after the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants conquered Suichuan County, Mao Zedong presided over a joint meeting of the former Party Committee and the Wan'an and Suichuan County Party Committees in Wuhua Academy, and listened to the report of the comrades of the Wan'an County Party Committee on the situation of the county's party organization, emphasizing that Point out the importance of relying on the broad masses to establish base areas and rebuild party organizations in the struggle.

In the struggle of the Front Committee to lead the rebuilding and recovery of the party organizations in the border counties, the Front Committee determined the policy of the military party helping the local party to develop. For this reason, from the end of 1927 to the beginning of 1928, a group of experienced party members Cadres were drawn out and went to the countryside to directly help localities carry out party building work. Mao Zetan, Mao Zedong's younger brother, was sent to Qiaolin Township in Ninggang County. Qiaolin Township is located at the foot of Huangyangjie in the north of Jinggang Mountain. It consists of more than ten natural villages with a population of more than 2,000.During the period of the Great Revolution, the peasant movement was carried out here, and a peasant night school was held here.After Mao Zetan arrived in Qiaolin Township, on the one hand, he went deep into the masses to understand the situation, and on the other hand, he re-run the night school in Xie's Ancestral Hall.From then on, Mao Zetan actively publicized the revolutionary truth to the masses, inspired the class consciousness of the masses, and gave party lectures to party members and activists through the night school.

One night, Mao Zetan told a "story" to poor peasants at night school: There was a 16-year-old farm worker who made a living by releasing ducks for local tyrants.Once, a small duck was taken away by a weasel. The local tyrant not only beat him up, but also credited him for losing a big duck.When winter came, the local tyrant pretended to give two old shirts and trousers that no one wore to the young long-term worker, but afterwards charged the account as the new shirt and trousers.All the leftovers from the sour meal that the little long-term worker ate on weekdays were also recorded on the account.Sometimes, when a small long-term worker is sick, he has to grit his teeth and let the ducks go. However, the local tyrant will record that he is absent from work due to illness.At the end of the year, the local tyrant showed the account book and insisted that the small long-term worker not only did not get a penny of wages, but owed him money.The little Changgong burst into tears with anger, but the local tyrant said hypocritically: "Why are you crying? Are you reluctant to leave me? Come back next year!"

Before Mao Zetan finished speaking, the peasants who attended the class understood that the local tyrant he was talking about was Chen Yunkai from his hometown. Then, Mao Zetan said affectionately: "After hearing such things, are you angry? I am very angry! With this anger, we will have the ambition and the courage to defeat these local tyrants and evil gentry! Life in this world requires food, clothing, shelter, and transportation. None of us poor people can afford these four words. Tell me, do you want a revolution?" Which of the poor peasants attending the lectures doesn't have an account of suffering?Mao Zetan's words resonated with everyone.Taking advantage of the situation, Mao Zetan explained the principles of revolution and encouraged everyone to fight against the local tyrants and evil gentry under the leadership of the Communist Party.

"Can it work?" Someone asked timidly. Mao Zetan said: "Okay! In the past, local tyrants said that we poor people are "dead iron", which is useless. Even if the poor are "dead iron", this "dead iron" is very useful. The Communist Party is like a big melting pot. Iron can be smelted into steel in a big melting pot, and good steel can be turned into a good gun to overthrow the rule of the local tyrants and evil gentry. As long as the poor organize themselves and follow the Communist Party and Committee Member Mao in the revolution, the revolution will surely win.”

Mao Zetan's words made the poor peasants who lived in the deep mountains understand many truths and encouraged them to fight against the local tyrants and evil gentry.So, one night, under the leadership of Mao Zetan, more than 1,000 farmers rushed into the home of the local tyrant Chen Yunkai, divided up the large amount of grain and tea oil he had looted, confiscated the gold and silver, and distributed the cattle to the poor peasants. The struggle strengthened the ambitions of the poor peasants and raised their understanding of the Communist Party. Mao Zetan taught activists about the vanguard leadership of the party and his pledge to join the party by taking party classes... Before long, more than a dozen poor peasants, including Zhu Tianjun, Liao Shegu, and Liu Yuzhu, took an oath to join the party under the party banner, and then Jinggangshan was established. The first rural branch in the revolutionary base area - Qiaolin Township Party Branch, Mao Zetan personally served as branch secretary. Qiaolin Township's experience in party building was quickly spread in the base areas. Mao Zedong himself also went to Qiuxi Township in Yongxin County to conduct social investigations while carrying out party building work. In Qiuxi, Mao Zedong met a peasant activist named Li Songlin.His father worked as a long-term laborer in Long Depu's family all his life, was beaten and scolded, and died of hatred.He himself has been a long-term worker of Long Depu's family since he was 18 years old, which can be described as bitter and bitter. As soon as the revolutionary army came, he took an active part in the struggle against local tyrants.When the revolutionary army led the masses to fight against Long Depu and sentenced him to death, Li Songlin was so happy that he couldn't keep his mouth shut all day long. One night, Mao Zedong and Cai Huiwen, the representative of the First Group and First Camp Party, came to Li Songlin's home. Mao Zedong asked, "Songlin, what do you think of the work these days?" The simple and honest Li Songlin held back for a long time, and said a word: "We poor people have a backer!" "The revolution depends on everyone!" Mao Zedong squeezed his five fingers together, and said figuratively: "Poor peasants like you who have suffered for generations have suffered, if united, they are a powerful fist!" Li Songlin understood Mao Zedong's meaning, hurriedly took Mao Zedong's hand, and rushed out a sentence that had been kept in his heart for a long time: "Committee Mao, I want to join the Communist Party and follow the party to make revolution!" A few days later, Mao Zedong personally presided over the oath of joining the party by five peasant activists including Li Songlin.The Party branch of Qiuxi Township was formally established, and Li Songlin served as the first branch secretary. In this way, starting from the grassroots in the countryside, after several months of hard and meticulous work, by February 1928, the party organizations at all levels in the counties on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi were initially restored and rebuilt.Ningkang, Yongxin, Chaling, and Suichuan all had county committees, Lingxian had a special district committee, Lianhua also began to establish a party organization, and had relations with the Wan'an county committee.The districts and townships of each county have also established party committees and township party branches. These were all carried out under the leadership of the Front Enemy Committee of the Autumn Harvest Uprising. With the recovery and expansion of party organizations at all levels in the border areas and the gradual establishment of the red political power, it is obviously inappropriate to use the Front Enemy Committee to lead the border party organizations. Therefore, Mao Zedong put forward a proposal to establish a special committee on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi. As early as December 1927, in the name of the Front Enemy Committee, Mao Zedong reported the border situation to the provincial party committees of Jiangxi and Hunan provinces and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and "suggested organizing a special border committee." However, without waiting for a reply to this suggestion, Zhou Lu, a special commissioner, came in March 1928. This "imperial envoy" failed to solve the problem of organizing the border special committee, but announced the cancellation of the front committee and the formation of another division. Committee.Because the division committee was only in charge of the party organization of the army, the border party organization "lost its center, went its own way, and created a bad phenomenon." In addition, the "March failure" in the base area caused serious damage to the border party organization.The establishment of a special border commission was delayed again. In late April, after the two armies of Zhu and Mao joined forces in Long City, Ninggang, the base area was increasingly consolidated and expanded, and the party organization was further developed. It was very necessary and imperative to establish a strong and unified party leadership on the border . The continuous deepening and development of the border struggle between Hunan and Jiangxi made Jiangxi, the Hunan Provincial Committee and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China have to pay attention, and the Hunan Provincial Committee obviously had the same opinion as Mao Zedong. On February 21, 1928, in the "Resolution on Political Tasks and Work Guidelines of Hunan Province", there was a reference to "Chaling, Youxian, and Anren belonging to the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Special Committee"; Mao Zedong's report to the Central Committee on May 2 There is also the words "In the letter from the Anyuan Municipal Party Committee, occasionally the Hunan Provincial Party Committee has approved it"; Yong, Sui, and Lianhua counties)". But what finally came was the instruction letter from the Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, approving the establishment of the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Special Committee of the Communist Party of China.No matter who approved it, after several reporting requirements, it can finally be realized. After all, this is exciting and good news! The Front Committee of the Autumn Harvest Uprising ended its historical mission; the Hunan Jiangxi Border Special Committee will open a new chapter.