Chapter 32 Chapter 31 Zhou Yiqun is determined to go to the Central Committee

In the first half of 1928, the revolution in the Honghu area was in the most difficult period. Apart from the "Mianyang guerrillas" led by Wang Kangshan, the guerrillas of different sizes led by Peng Guocai and Liu Guodong persisted in the struggle. Due to the massacre of the bandit leader, group members Li Boyan and Chen Houtang, Honghu Lake was filled with white terror.The brutality of Li and Chen not only aroused the indignation of the masses in Henan, but also aroused the resentment of some "gentlemen" in Miannan.At this time, the Yunteng Department of the 18th Army of the Guangxi Clique entered Fengkou. Yunteng captured and killed Li Boyan and Chen Houtang, and then posted a notice saying that Li and Chen were responsible for the suffering of the people in Jianli and Mianyang.Yun Teng's kindness and power are combined, which means that as long as the Communist Party members and revolutionary masses surrender, as long as they keep their own place, they can forget the past, and they can also be hired according to their ability.At the same time, Yunteng ordered people to carry out a "plum blossom pile"-style "clearing of the countryside" on Honghu Lake. Hundreds of fishing boats went hand in hand to search for the guerrillas hiding in the reeds, and also implemented the "ten households joint sitting" in each township. "One family is a communist party, ten families are guilty of the same crime, one family is a member of the Communist Party, and ten families are accused.

At this time, the Central Hubei Special Committee ceased to exist, and the Mianyang County Party Committee also left Mianyang. The destruction and the enemy's white terror were serious. Many party members in Miannan District signed the enemy's surrender, including Qiao Zaichi, Xia Daomei, Wang Kangpu, Liu Chai, Li Dongzhang, Hu Shaojie, He Yushan, He Chuang, etc.This action became the collective surrender event of the Miannan Communist Party members that later shocked the central Hubei region. This "collective surrender" incident was actually due to the "ignorance" of many party members, thinking that this move can deceive the enemy and save themselves. When the time comes, they will make a comeback. " said:

At that time, the situation in Qingxiang was becoming more and more tense, so it was decided to move the county party committee, and the work in various places was temporarily suspended, and he said, "If you keep the green hills, you are not afraid of having no firewood." The results and mass organizations were all canceled, and the county committee rushed to other counties in a hurry. At this time, there was such a sentence that "red faces" became "grey faces" and was printed in the whole country. Comrade's mind went into it, so there was a show of surrender!

In fact, while He Chuang and others "surrendered themselves", they still organized a special task force of more than 20 people to go out of nowhere, attack the enemy, and kill the local tyrants and evil gentry. The "surrenderers" Xia Daomei, Wang Kangpu, Qiao Zaichi, Liu Chai and others also organized guerrillas to fight against the enemy. At this moment, the Special Committee of Western Hubei ordered Duan Dechang to join the guerrillas led by Peng Guocai, He Chuang, and Wang Kangpu from Mianyang and Jianli to form the Western Hubei Red Guard Brigade.Duan Dechang served as the captain and Peng Guocai as the deputy.There are more than 500 people in the two teams.

After the merger of the two teams, Duan Dechang felt that although the guerrillas were all backbone workers and peasants, they lacked training. Such a team would easily suffer losses in the battle against a strong enemy.Therefore, Duan Dechang decided to carry out large-scale training for the Red Guards, so he took the team to a deserted island in the lake for training.This is "Duan Dechang training elite soldiers on deserted islands" in the history of Honghu revolutionary struggle.Later, these more than 500 backbones became the basic team of the Red Army. Turning around, He Chuang told Zhou Yiqun about Mianyang being ravaged by the enemy and Duan Dechang and Peng Guocai's military training on the deserted island, and said: "I am here as a transportation to meet people coming and going in and out of the lake."

Zhou Yiqun smiled and said: "You have become Zhu Gui of Zhongliang Mountain Park, a hero who specializes in taking care of people from all over the world." He Chuang said: "You can rest at my place tonight, and I will send you to a deserted island tomorrow morning." The two talked a little more, then fell asleep. Early the next morning, when a layer of morning mist rose from Honghu Lake, He Chuang and Zhou Yiqun jumped into a small boat. He Chuang sprinkled a bit of bamboo wormwood, and the small boat floated slowly towards the center of the lake. The deserted island where Duan Dechang and Peng Guocai trained troops was located in the middle of the lake, with a radius of no more than 3 miles, surrounded by densely packed reeds. Some people have been here before. It is said that there is a giant python swallowing people on the island, so no one dares to live there. In addition, the reeds in the surrounding water give people a sense of mystery and spookiness. Therefore, very few people come to the island. Duan Dechang chose such a place to train the Red Guards.

Zhou Yiqun and He Chuang arrived on the island. He Chuang led the way, passed through several layers of reeds, and passed several beaches. They saw a big flag fluttering in the wind, with the words "West Hubei Red Guard Brigade" written on it. .Under the banner, a group of red guards were practicing assassination, one by one like a tiger descending the mountain, and a mosquito dragon going out to sea.On the side of this team, stood a person.Zhou Yiqun raised his eyes and couldn't help stepping forward, holding Duan Dechang's hands tightly, and said: "Comrade Dechang, hello!"

Duan Dechang looked at the quiet person in front of him, he was taken aback for a moment, and then he said pleasantly: "Yiqun, I really imagined that you would come here!" Zhou and Duan are classmates in Whampoa, and they knew each other very well when they were in Whampoa.The two are very excited to meet here.Therefore, we had a long talk, from Huangpu to the Northern Expedition, from the Nanchang Uprising to the resurgence in western Hunan and Hubei. We have the same understanding of the issues inside and outside the party, and the heroes have the same views.Zhou Yiqun praised Duan Dechang's military training on the island.Duan Dechang said: "This is all forced out by the enemy."

At that moment, Duan Dechang sent people to the lake to catch a few big fish, and personally cooked braised carp for Zhou Yiqun. After the meal, Duan Dechang introduced Zhou Yiqun to the team members one by one.When the team members heard that Zhou Yiqun was coming, they were all overjoyed. That night, Zhou Yiqun and Duan Dechang sat in the grass by the lake, gathered a pile of dried wormwood, smoked mosquitoes and flies, and talked about the situation of the revolutionary struggle in the Honghu area. Zhou Yiqun said: "Dechang, from the geographical point of view, Huarong, Gong'an, Shishou, Jiangling, Jianli, and Mianyang are at the intersection of the Yangtze River and the North-South Railway, and across the Honghu Lake and Dongting. The network area, the hub of waterway transportation in nine provinces, the throat of the Central Plains, can threaten Wuhan in the east, control Yi and Sha in the west, and affect Yueyang in the south, so the revolutionary situation in the Honghu area is very important.”

Duan Dechang said: "You are right. The mass base in the Honghu area is very good, but the party organizations at all levels have been severely damaged. The Western Hubei Special Committee urgently needs to be restored. It will be good if you come, and quickly restore the party organization. Bar." Zhou Yiqun said: "We must quickly restore party organizations at all levels and lead workers and peasants to engage in riots." Then, Duan Dechang brought up the incident of the surrender of Miannan party members.Since Zhou Yiqun already knew about this situation from He Chuang, he pondered for a while and said, "The situation is very complicated. Let's talk about it after we understand the surrender incident." .” He asked thoughtfully, “Dechang, how do you recover?”

Duan Dechang said: "Let the comrades in charge of the county committees of each county be called together to study and determine the future work policy of the Honghu area. Shashi has our transportation to control the connection points of the county committees." Zhou Yiqun said, "Who knows the traffic junctions in Shashi?" Duan Dechang said: "Li Zhaolong knows." Zhou Yiqun said: "Okay, then Li Zhaolong and I will go to Shashi to organize a new special committee for western Hubei." Duan Dechang said: "You are on this island, take a rest before leaving." Zhou Yiqun said, "We will set off as soon as we get ready." So Zhou Yiqun prepared on the island for a few more days. On a rainy and foggy morning, he and Li Zhaolong left the deserted island by boat and went straight to Shashi. In the small south gate of Shashi City, there are father and son, who live by soldering pots and aluminum pots.In a small store, there are old tin lamps, wax solders, aluminum basins and other objects.The old man is in his early 60s, named Li Huanwen, and his son Li Ruhan. Both father and son are underground members of the Chinese Communist Party.On this day, Zhou Yiqun came to this store led by Li Zhaolong.Li Huanwen was soldering a tin pot, and when he looked up, it was Li Zhaolong, followed by another person.He hurriedly got up and went out, looked around, saw no one was paying attention, and let the two of them into the back room. Li Huanwen said to Li Zhaolong: "Zhaolong, you are so courageous. The enemy posted notices everywhere to arrest you. Why did you come to Shashi again?" Li Zhaolong said: "Father Li, you have to show your face." As he spoke, he pointed at Zhou Yiqun, "This is Comrade Zhou Yiqun." After hearing this, Li Huanwen looked Zhou Yiqun up and down, and said pleasantly, "Yiqun, I have heard about you a long time ago. You beat He Long with Zhang Yanhui, Yizhu, etc. Both Honghu and Yisha cities were a sensation. The enemy I want your head at 100,000 oceans!" As he spoke, he pulled the stool over. Zhou Yiqun lifted up his robe, sat down and said, "Father, you have done a lot of work for the revolution here, and Zhaolong has told me all about it." Li Huanwen waved his hand: "I'm old, I can't do anything else, it's still okay to run errands, if you need me to do anything, just tell me." Li Zhaolong said in a low voice, "Father, we are going to have a meeting with you. There are five or six comrades in charge of the county committees near Shashi." Li Huanwen said, "Okay, which counties are they? I'll go and inform." Li Zhaolong then explained to Li Huanwen. A few days later, the heads of the county committees of Shishou, Jiangling, Jianli, Mianyang, Huarong, and Gong'an counties in the guerrilla areas around Honghu and Bailu Lake secretly came to Li Huanwen's home.Ma Wu from Jianli, Qu Chunyang from Shishou, Tang Yufei from Public Security, Qian Dingsheng from Jiangling, He Jinlong from Mianyang, and Zheng Chichang from Yichang. Zhou Yiqun learned about the situation in each county.Some people sighed, some people were excited.But it is said that the enemy's arrogance caused many comrades to die.Party organizations and agricultural associations were severely damaged.Especially after the Western Hubei Special Committee was destroyed by the enemy, all county committees lost their centers, and everyone was very sad about the sacrifices of the responsible comrade Zhang Jichu and others. After hearing the reports from several people, Zhou Yiqun immediately announced the formation of the temporary special committee for western Hubei. After everyone's discussion, it was decided that Zhou Yiqun would be the secretary of the West Hubei Special Committee.Subsequently, the plan of setting up armed forces in each county and organizing armed riots was discussed. The goal of the riots was to execute the heinous local tyrants and evil gentry, so as to inspire the hearts of the people and boost morale.Regarding the collective surrender of Mianyang party members, Zhou Yiqun said: "Whoever surrendered really and who surrendered falsely should be judged by whether he or she actively participated in real revolutionary activities. You can go back to the party." After the meeting, Zhou Yiqun wrote a detailed report on the situation of the meeting to the Hubei Provincial Party Committee and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and handed it over to the Provincial Party Committee in Wuhan, Li Huanwen's son, Li Ruyi. This morning, not long after Li Ruyi left, the responsible comrades of the county committees also left one after another. Zhou Yiqun and Li Zhaolong were preparing to leave for Jianli to organize an armed riot in Jianli. Suddenly, a group of Kuomintang soldiers surrounded the house of Li's father and son.Zhou Yiqun and Li Zhaolong saw that something was wrong. At this moment, Li Huanwen asked Zhou Yiqun and Li Zhaolong to get away quickly through the side door.It turned out that to prevent accidents, Mr. Li Huanwen made a hole in the wall of the house. He usually used a cabinet to block it, so he couldn't see it from the outside. At that moment, Mr. Li moved the cabinet away and told Zhou Yiqun and Li Zhaolong to escape quickly. .Zhou and Li naturally quit.At this time, the soldiers outside the door slammed on the door hard.There was no time to hesitate, Li Zhaolong pushed Father Li and Zhou Yiqun into the hole with all his strength, just as Li Zhaolong put the cabinet away, those soldiers rushed in, seeing Li Zhaolong, they couldn't help but take Li away.Under the leadership of Li Huanwen's father, Zhou Yiqun walked through the door and alley, and escaped from the tiger's mouth. After Li Zhaolong was captured by Kuomintang soldiers, he was brutally killed that night. It's true: Die before leaving the teacher, often makes the hero burst into tears. Why did these soldiers come to surround Father Li's gate?It turned out that after the adjournment of the meeting, Tang Yufei, the head of the Public Security County Party Committee, was arrested by the enemy on the road and recognized by the traitor.When the enemy learned that Zhou Yiqun and Li Zhaolong were in Shashi, they immediately sent military police to surround and arrest them, causing Li Zhaolong to die heroically. After Zhou Yiqun and Li Huanwen's father escaped from the tiger's mouth together, naturally they couldn't go back to the small shop.The two also thought that Li Ruyi didn't know about this situation. In order to save him from the enemy's poisonous hands, Father Li decided to go to the Wuhan Provincial Party Committee to find Li Ruyi, and arranged a meeting place with Zhou Yiqun.This location is Yangjiachang on the south bank of Mianyang Pai Lake. Zhou Yiqun walked to Paihu Yang's farm after Father Li left. Paihu Lake is located in the north of Mianyang County, stretching over a hundred miles from east to west. The people on the lakeshore mostly rely on fishing for their livelihood. On both sides of the lake, there are many landlords and gentry, and almost all the land, fishing boats, and reeds are occupied by them.Therefore, the days of the toiling people are very difficult.After the failure of the Great Revolution, Communist Party members He Dabang, Li Xiping, Sun Xiwu and others came here from Wuhan to organize the masses to carry out armed riots. As a result, they all failed.Sun Xiwu's whole family was killed, He Dabang and Li Xiping were buried alive by the enemy, and many revolutionary masses were gutted by the enemy. White terror enveloped both sides of Paihu Lake. Zhou Yiqun arrived at Yangjiachang that day, first went to a small tavern at the head of the village, and met up with Father Zhang, who sells water and wine.That night, Father Zhang took Zhou Yiqun to a firewood forest by the lake in a duck-leaf boat, and met the guerrilla leader He Jinlong.Seeing Zhou Yiqun, He Jinlong happily held Zhou Yiqun's hand and said, "Yiqun, the road is okay." He looked around again and asked, "Where is Zhaolong?" Zhou Yiqun sadly told about Li Zhaolong's efforts to save him and his father Li. Finally, he said, "I'm afraid Zhaolong will be in danger. We left Shashi in a hurry, and we have no way of finding out his whereabouts." He Jinlong raised his eyebrows and said, "It must be betrayed by a traitor!" What kind of person is this He Jinlong?It turned out that He Jinlong was originally a fisherman, and because he couldn't bear to be oppressed by the fisherman, he followed He Dapan and other Communist Party members to pull up a guerrilla team.Later, He Dapan and others died, and He Jinlong became the captain. There were more than 60 guerrillas in this guerrilla team.When the Kuomintang soldiers and regiments "encircled and suppressed" the Honghu area, this guerrilla could not gain a foothold in the village, so it hid in the reeds in the lake. .He Jinlong led the guerrillas to spread the ground and cover the sky in the reeds, eat wild vegetables, gnaw bark, and burn fish and shrimp to satisfy their hunger.Later, these places were also discovered by the enemy, and He Jinlong took this guerrilla team and hid in Chailin.Chailin is fifty or sixty miles long and thirty or forty miles wide.There is no one's house in it, and there are thorns everywhere, and wild animals bump into it.Only Father Zhang knows where the team members live. When Zhou Yiqun came to the guerrilla team, it was summer, and the sun was on top. Zhou Yiqun saw the team members hiding in the sweltering firewood forest, all of them were bitten by mosquitoes, their faces were swollen, their bodies were bruised, and they were all skinny. With bones, some are sick, and they tremble when they walk. When the team members saw Zhou Yiqun coming, they all surrounded him as if a savior had come. Seeing the poor health of the team members, Zhou Yiqun said to He Jinlong: "Comrade Jinlong, we can't just hide here and let hunger and disease help the enemy. We must organize the masses to carry out armed riots and expand the strength of the Red Army." He Jinlong grabbed Zhou Yiqun's arms and said, "It's good that you're here, our team has the backbone." Now Zhou Yiqun called the backbone for a meeting. He learned about the social situation on both sides of the lake. In the end, everyone decided to get rid of Peng Batian from Pengjiadun first. Peng Batian is a leader in Paihu. He started his business by operating feather fans.Buy through the government and walk around the Yamen.In this way, he not only occupied the fish market and Yayan market in Baili Pai Lake, but also the feather fan manufacturing industry in Pai Lake.Anyone who was dissatisfied with him would be taken into a dungeon by him, beaten half to death, and thrown into the wild to be fed to the dogs.The common people in Paihu really hated Peng Batian.This Peng Batian's home is in Pengjiadun. His house is built as a high-walled courtyard with soldiers guarding the courtyard. Watchtowers are built at the four corners of the house, making it difficult for ordinary people to approach.This is also Peng Batian's guilty conscience as a thief, for fear that the people will deal with him secretly.He Jinlong also thought about attacking Peng Batian, but he always felt that his strength was weak and he was not Peng Batian's opponent, so he never dared to do it.Now, seeing that Zhou Yiqun proposed to attack Pengjiadun, although he was not very happy in his heart, he knew that the guerrillas were not strong enough. Since Zhou Yiqun was the temporary secretary of the special committee, he had fought big battles and seen the world, so he didn't dare to stop him. That night, Zhou Yiqun and He Jinlong led the guerrillas to attack Pengjiadun at night.You know, before the guerrillas approached Peng Batian's compound, they caught fire with the guards' soldiers.The guerrillas only have some broken guns. Where are the opponents of those soldiers?In this battle, more than half of the guerrillas were injured, and He Jinlong was also shot and died. After the team retreated to Chailin, the team members were very depressed, Zhou Yiqun was also very sad, and did not eat for a day.He secretly checked himself: Is there something wrong with this form of riot?Not long after, news of the failure of the riots in various counties spread one after another, and many good comrades died.The Shishou County Party Committee organized mass riots. Due to the white terror all around, the masses could not see the future of development. As a result, they could not be mobilized. Several comrades of the County Party Committee attacked the enemy with only three shell guns. As a result, half of the six comrades died . In order to cooperate with the Yan Jun Department of the Eighteenth Army of the Guangxi Faction to suppress the revolutionary movement, the Shishou County Government established the Shishou "Qingxiang Committee". The county magistrate Li Zhuhua served as the chairman of the "Qingxiang Committee". Ze, Wang Xiezhong, Lei Jimei, Zheng Xuncheng and Zhang Zhongping are members.After the establishment of the committee, it intensified its collusion with the Kuomintang garrison in Shishou, recruited bandits, set up permanent training teams, security teams and other reactionary armed forces, and hunted and killed communists and revolutionary masses wantonly. On this day, Wang Shi, the battalion commander of the second battalion of the third regiment of Yan Jun Department stationed in Ouchi, Shishou, dressed as a fortune teller, went to Jiangbei to spy on the situation of our underground party and guerrillas. He discovered that the Communist Party member Zhang Hengmao was still active. Shi Bian led a team to "clear the countryside", killing 11 people including Zhang Hengmao.Wang Shi continued to "Qingxiang" in Fengjiatan, and arrested more than 200 people. At that time, the local tyrants and evil gentry were also ready to move. Five cousins ​​of Zhang Xin, a local tyrant in the first northern district of Shishou, Huang Rong, a local tyrant in the second northern district, etc., attacked the Communists. and the massacres of the revolutionary masses.Duan Yulin led more than 200 guerrillas and members of the agricultural association to launch an attack on the regiment defense of the first district in the north. Although this battle caused some casualties to the enemy, many guerrillas and members of the agricultural association died. One painful lesson after another made Zhou Yiqun calm down from grief and indignation.Zhou Yiqun thought: Why did the riots fail? Is it because the enemy is strong? On this day, Li Huanwen's father came, and Li's father brought the news of Li Ruyi's sacrifice.It turned out that after Li Ruyi sent the report of the Western Hubei Temporary Special Committee to the Wuhan Underground Provincial Committee, on the way back, he met a traitor, was arrested immediately, and was taken to Qingxiang, Hubei Province to supervise the office. After being tortured by the enemy, he was killed. .The provincial party committee's instructions to the temporary special committee in western Hubei fell into the hands of the enemy.At this time, Zhou Yiqun secretly made a decision. He would conduct an investigation and then go to Shanghai to report to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.At that time, Zhou Yiqun went to various townships in Jianli to secretly understand and investigate the current situation of the masses, enemy situation, social situation, economy and other aspects. On this day, Zhou Yiqun was at the home of Zhang Zhiren, a fisherman in Lijiawan, Jianli County, and asked Zhang Zhiren about the situation of the fisherman. Li Huanwen came here and told him that someone from the provincial party committee had come to see him. .When Zhou Yiqun heard that there were people from the province, he was overjoyed and immediately took a boat to Yichang. In Dongguan of Yichang City, there is a pharmacy.In front of the pharmacy, there was a signboard, and a few pieces of wood plaster were hanging on a bamboo pole.There is a plaque hanging on the door of the shop, with the four gold characters "Wanjia Medicine Shop" written on it.On one side of the factory-shaped counter in the pharmacy, there is a new Eight Immortals table, and a grand master's chair beside the table.There is a Mr. Zuo Tang on the chair. The old man has a kind face and kind eyes. This Mr. Zuo Tang is Mr. Wan Lao, a famous doctor who has been passed down for seven generations.This Mr. Wan is not only superb in medical skills, but also has excellent medical ethics. When the poor see a doctor and have no money to buy medicine, the old man will also give alms, so he is very popular.On this day, Mr. Wan is sitting in the hall to see a doctor.A well-mannered young man came in and sat opposite Mr. Wan.Mr. Wan said: "Does this gentleman want to see a doctor?" The young man said: "Old man, I just feel that my heart is congested, please prescribe and pay for me." Mr. Wan glanced at the young man and said "Bring me your hand." The young man stretched out his hand, Mr. Wan felt his pulse, looked at the young man's tongue coating, then shook his head slightly and said: "Your disease is cold on the outside and hot on the inside, and the tongue coating is yellowish. , the pulse is floating and strong, it is suitable for Xinliang to vent, clearing the liver and relieving asthma, it is suitable to use Maxing Gypsum Decoction to adjust the seasoning.” After finishing speaking, he took up a pen and wrote: Ephedra 1 qian, almond 1 qian, raw gypsum 4 qian, fried perilla 1 qian Money, one coin for silkworms, seven cents for cicada clothes, a total of three payments, boiled in water.After finishing writing, Mr. Wan gave the prescription to the young man and said, "This ephedra is no longer in the cabinet in front of the shop. You can go to the backyard and find a clerk to make some now." Then he said to a clerk, "This gentleman wants to dispense the medicine, you can prepare it." Take him to the backyard to pick some ephedra." The guy agreed and took the young man who was seeing a doctor away.The young man who saw a doctor was Zhou Yiqun.Zhou Yiqun came here to meet with someone from the Provincial Party Committee. The conversation he had with Mr. Wan just now was all in code words. Zhou Yiqun followed the clerk into the main room in the backyard. The clerk stood still and asked, "What's your surname, sir?" Zhou Yiqun said, "My surname is Zhou." The guy said: "It's Mr. Zhou, please wait a moment." Said and went upstairs.After a while, a man came out along the stairs. This man was wearing a pair of glasses, was of medium height, and was wearing white silk trousers and jacket.Zhou Yiqun took a look and couldn't help saying: "Comrade Wan Tao, you are here!" Wan Tao and Zhou Yiqun met in Wuhan in 1926.It is a pleasure for the two to meet today. Zhou Yiqun held Wan Tao's hand and said, "I didn't expect it to be you!" Wan Tao looked at Zhou Yiqun and said, "Yiqun, you know, I'm here this time to form a team with you." With that said, he went upstairs with Yiqun. Upstairs, Wan Tao took out four tins of Mefulan biscuits from the wine cabinet, poured them all on the table, and then took out two documents from a barrel interlayer, and handed them to Zhou Yiqun.Zhou Yiqun saw these two documents. One was the Hubei Provincial Party Committee’s reply to Zhou Yiqun’s report, agreeing to establish a special committee for western Hubei, with Zhou Yiqun as secretary and Wan Tao as deputy secretary.Another document is an instruction letter from the Central Committee to the Hubei Provincial Party Committee and forwarded to the Provisional Special Committee of Western Hubei. The focus of the riots was on the vast rural areas of the Honghu area, not on the cities. To say that this approach and understanding is to deny the proletarian leadership of the Communist Party is to turn the Communist Party into a petty bourgeois peasant party.In the letter, Zhou Yiqun was asked to quickly change this view.In implementing the spirit of the Central Committee’s instructions, the Provincial Party Committee proposed to hold widespread and larger-scale New Autumn Harvest Riots throughout the province, and required several counties in western Hubei to become one of the “five Soviet separatist regions” in the province. Zhou Yiqun did not speak for a long time after reading the instructions from the Central Committee. Seeing Zhou Yiqun's ugly face, Wan Tao couldn't help asking: "Yiqun, is there anything unpleasant in your heart?" Zhou Yiqun pulled Wantao to sit down, sighed and said: "Such instructions from the central government cannot be implemented. Didn't the Nanchang Uprising and the Guangzhou Uprising fail? Also, some large and small urban riots also failed. What? How many good comrades have died! The central government wants us to engage in urban riots. According to what I have learned, not to mention cities, even rural areas, it is not appropriate to engage in riots. We must do real work. Get it going..." Zhou Yiqun shook his head slightly, "The consequences are unimaginable." Wan Tao said: "The working class has a fearless revolutionary spirit. The October Revolution in Russia won only after the armed uprising in the cities." Zhou Yiqun said: "Our situation is different from that of Russia. Our country's industry is very weak. The workers are compared with the peasants, and the peasants are the main force. I have been in western Hubei for three months. The riots in the countryside, let alone the cities It failed." Zhou Yiqun said affectionately to Wan Tao, "Wan Tao, I think there is putschism in our work." Wan Tao thought about it and said: "Yiqun, we have to implement the instructions of the central and provincial committees, we have to implement them!" Zhou Yiqun said categorically: "Our work must proceed from reality. Wan Tao, this is a bloody struggle! At present, the main task of the party organizations in western Hubei is to fight against 'clearing the countryside'. If a new scuffle breaks out among the warlords at this time, it is possible to carry out widespread riots in the western Hubei area, and even form several revolutionary separatist areas. The current harsh reality is that A large number of the enemy's regular army has repeatedly carried out the "clearing of the countryside" and the party organizations in various places are still difficult to preserve. Under such circumstances, how can it be possible to carry out widespread riots in urban and rural areas and realize the separatist areas centered on the city? Wan Tao, I am going to the central government to report the situation .” Wan Tao agrees. Two days later, Zhou Yiqun boarded a riverboat in Yichang and went down the river. Not a day later, he arrived in Shanghai. He met Zhou Enlai in a two-story building on Xiafei Road in the French Concession of Shanghai.Although the two comrades-in-arms had only been separated for a few months, it was like three autumns. Zhou Enlai pulled Zhou Yiqun to sit down and said, "Talk about the situation below." Zhou Yiqun lit a cigarette, and then he went to Hankou with He Long. The riot in Hankou failed, and he met He Jinzhai in Fanzui Town, held a New Year's riot, Jiaoshanhe meeting, and went to Sangzhi on the way to "pass five passes and kill six generals." ", the team at Hongjiaguan was beaten by the enemy, and he returned to Honghu by himself. He met Duan Dechang on a deserted island. He held a meeting with the heads of the county party committees in Shashi to form a temporary special committee in western Hubei. Pengjiadun failed to eliminate hegemony. During the investigation in various townships in Yangzhou, Wanjia drugstores in Yichang city met with Wan Tao, came to Shanghai alone after seeing the central government's instructions, and described the situation one by one to report their opinions and ideas to the central government. After Zhou Yiqun finished the story, Zhou Enlai said kindly to Zhou Yiqun: "Yiqun, you have suffered." He poured a glass of water for Zhou Yiqun and said, "Yiqun, I think your thoughts and views are correct. of." Zhou Yiqun took the water that Zhou Enlai handed over, took a sip, and continued, "Enlai, as far as I know, since the Guangxi warlords occupied the two lakes, they have sent troops several times to suppress them. The military organizations in many counties in the Honghu area have completely disintegrated. , many guerrillas buried their guns, and now only a guerrilla group of hundreds of people led by Duan Dechang and Peng Guocai is still training on the deserted island. In the Honghu area, there is no high mountain cover, and the transportation is convenient, so the enemy can easily dispatch troops. After the failure of the Great Revolution, the enemy implemented white terror in the Honghu area, and the revolutionary sentiment of the masses was suppressed. Traitors, spies, and spies were very active. The guerrillas in the counties of the Honghu area were fishermen, farmers, and peasants. It is very thick, and the local tyrants and evil gentry will be burned and killed." Zhou Yiqun paused and said, "Before the Guangxi warlords arrived in the Honghu area, the Kuomintang warlords were only concerned with fighting for territory and could not spare their hands to massacre the people for the gentry. The gentry and landlords themselves did not have a strong force to deal with us. During this period, we were the only ones attacking the gentry and landlords. The Guangxi warlords ruled Hubei and implemented a policy of massacres. The Qingxiang District in Central Hubei was assigned below Shashi and was stationed by the Yan Jing Department of the 18th Army of the Guangxi Clan. Above Shashi was Qingxiang District in Western Hubei. The Liu and Ding Departments of the Independent Fifth Division of the Guangxi Clique were stationed. In this way, those gentry and landlords showed their fierceness again, and organized security groups and village clearing teams everywhere. The city implemented a ten-family system to monitor each other. The armed forces of the gentry were divided into There are two types: one is the security team, also called the caravan protection team, which exists in all important towns and is supported by merchants; the other is the security team, which is organized by the landlords and gentry in Qingxiang. Contact, now Jianliji has completely centralized the entire county’s security regiment into several village clearing teams with unified command. Many counties such as Jiangling and Shishou have also followed suit.” Zhou Yiqun paused for a while, and then said, "In terms of economy, the rural areas in western Hubei and central Hubei have been hit by drought this year, and many places have only 20 to 30 percent of the harvest. The areas around Gong'an, Shishou, and Jianli are only 60 to 70 percent. Farmers in Yangyang and Yichang counties went out one after another to escape from famine, and there were many mourners. The bankruptcy of the rural economy affected the cities, and many small shops closed their doors. The financial chaos was extremely chaotic. Now, except for Yichang, the currency notes in all places can no longer be cashed, which is Yichang. It is also reduced to 40% off. The only income of the reactionary government is through exorbitant miscellaneous taxes, such as the 25th Five-Year Tax, smoking ban tax, tobacco and alcohol tax, stamp duty, well donation, group donation, house number donation, lamp donation, flower donation, slaughter tax... " Zhou Yiqun waved his hand, "It's true that everyone who is famous donates money. Everything is taxed. In rural areas, there are gun donations, field mu donations, etc. At present, the number of Civil Defense Forces has increased, and the burden on the people will increase..." Zhou Yiqun stood up and said, "Workers and peasants have been forced to have nowhere to go. On the part of workers, wages are too low to make ends meet, and a large number of unemployed cannot find jobs. On the part of farmers, one is that there is a drought and poor harvests; The third is the oppression of the gentry and the landlords; the fourth is the harassment of the village clearing regiment and the shoveling team; the fifth is the raffles during the war, especially the Guangxi army, and the raffles are especially powerful; the sixth is the gentry and the landlords forcing the peasants to keep watch at night. At this point, Zhou Yiqun raised his eyebrows, "Well, the pain of the workers and peasants has reached the extreme, and their anger is shrouded in white terror. However, many party organizations in various places survive, some have no strength to lead, and some organized riots. , because the masses did not really mobilize, they all ended in failure.” Zhou Yiqun looked at Zhou Enlai earnestly, "Enlai, the central government instructed us to focus our work on the cities. To organize urban riots, our comrades in the West Hubei Special Committee feel that it is inappropriate to organize urban riots at present, and we should focus our work on urban riots. In the countryside, mobilize the masses in a down-to-earth manner in the countryside, expand the guerrilla areas, expand the armed forces, and improve the party groups and various mass organizations." Zhou Enlai listened to Zhou Yiqun's report with great interest. He praised him and said: "Comrade Yiqun, you have suffered for the party and learned the real situation among workers and peasants." Zhou Yiqun said: "It doesn't matter if you suffer a little bit, it's just..." Zhou Enlai interrupted him and said, "I'm just afraid that the central government's instructions may not match the actual situation, right?" Zhou Yiqun nodded. Zhou Enlai said: "Yiqun, what you said just now is correct. Since the Nanchang riots, we have organized riots in large and small cities such as the Guangzhou riots, but they all failed. In the countryside, the riots also suffered failures. Bloody The lessons taught us to deeply examine the line and policies of the central government.” Zhou Enlai also said, “I am not very clear about the actual situation in western Hubei and western Hunan, but judging from the situation you introduced, the contradictions and class struggle in the countryside are more intense. In principle, guerrilla warfare should be carried out in places where the party and mass organizations have a solid foundation, where supplies are abundant, and where the terrain is steep. After you go back, you can send someone to tell He Long to pay attention to this principle in developing the revolutionary armed forces. " Then, Zhou Enlai described the struggle situation in the whole country and the situation of Zhu De and Mao Zedong's establishment of the revolutionary base in Jinggangshan. Zhou Yiqun was very excited.Keep these words in mind one by one.Later, Zhou Yiqun learned that the conversation between Zhou Enlai and Zhou Yiqun became the basic idea of ​​the "Instruction Letter to Comrade He Long and the Western Hunan and Hubei Provincial Committee" drafted by Zhou Enlai on behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on March 17, 1929. Zhou Yiqun bid farewell to Zhou Enlai, and then left Shanghai full of joy, and returned to Yichang. Seeing that no one was following him, he came to the Sanyou Cave in Xiling Mountain in Yichang City. The Sanyou Cave in Yichang is a scenic spot, with towering bamboos and trees on the mountain, and clear springs and strange rocks everywhere, it got its name because "Sansu" came here for a visit. This place is an underground liaison station of the West Hubei Special Committee.Zhou Yiqun came to the cave, and at the "Tianzhong Drum" in the ear hole, he knocked on the Tianzhong Drum several times with stones.After a short time, someone came into this ear hole.Zhou Yiqun saw that it was Wan Tao.Seeing that it was Zhou Yiqun, Wan Tao stepped forward, held Zhou Yiqun's hands tightly, and said, "Yiqun, how are you?" Zhou Yiqun said, "Everything is fine." Just as he was speaking, another person walked in.Zhou Yiqun turned around and saw that it was Duan Dechang who came, and the two were very happy. Wan Tao pointed to Duan Dechang and said, "Dechang is here to pick us up to Honghu Lake." Duan Dechang said with a smile: "Our team has been pulled out from the deserted island and joined with Qu Chunyang's guerrillas. In the first battle, we took over the defense regiment transferred by Shishou. Two days ago, I sent another Someone opened a grocery store in Tiaoguan, which can be secretly used as a liaison office for the special committee. I have been waiting for you for three days, please move the special committee to Liekou, where it is safer." At that moment, Zhou Yiqun, Duan Dechang, and Wan Tao came to Tiaoguan. A few days later, I came to Kaikou from Tiaoguan. The mouth of the mouth is surrounded by water on three sides, reeds are overgrown, and there is only one winding path to enter and exit, just like the water mooring Liangshan.Those village clearing teams and security teams never dared to spend the night here.Next to the gate, there is a place called Sanwudun, where Zhou Yiqun met Peng Guocai, Duan Yulin, He Chuang and others.他把赴上海见到周恩来的经过和周恩来的指示向大家做了传达。之后，按照周恩来的指示和洪湖的实际，将段德昌、彭国材的鄂西赤卫大队，屈春阳的游击队都拉到了三屋墩，进行了整编。在队伍里建立了党团组织，清除了不纯分子，决定停止盲目的暴动，发动群众，利用洪湖的水泊网地，开展机动灵活的游击战争。合编的队伍改为“洪湖赤卫队”，周逸群任队长，段德昌任参谋长。这次整编，就是洪湖革命史上有名的“三屋墩整编”。 洪湖赤卫队成立之后，周逸群、万涛又在剅口主持召开了特委会议，会上总结了工作，纠正了那些不顾客观实际条件的盲目暴动行为，要求领导同志在实际工作中采取认真深入农村，深入群众，进行艰苦的隐蔽斗争，恢复秘密的党团及群众组织，抓住群众最迫切的要求，如解决灾荒带来的痛苦，减免苛捐杂税等等，发动政治性的经济斗争，从斗争中锻炼群众，为发展游击队和开辟革命根据地创造有利的条件。 并向党中央提出了调整、充实特委成员的建议：由周逸群、王玉山、万涛三人为常委，刘人镜、邹资生、郑炽昌三人为候补委员，邓仲阶、刘继汉、屈春阳、李盛文、柳霞峰等为委员，周逸群为书记、王玉山为副书记。刘人镜为熊传藻的化名。 自此之后，鄂西地区就停止了盲目暴动，党员们在合法的职业掩护下，展开了秘密的工作。以一串十，以十串百的方式，由点到面，逐渐发展党的队伍，建立秘密的农协会、妇女会、少先队等组织。各县的游击队也改变了活动方式，队员们在当地党组织的领导下，时而分散，时而集中，配合群众斗争，用秘密方式镇压个别罪恶昭彰的土豪劣绅、贪官污吏，打击敌人的凶恶气焰。当敌人大举“清乡”时，则采取“你来我飞，你去我归，人多则跑，人少则搞”的游击战术，利用有利的地形和群众条件，或隐蔽或神出鬼没地打击敌人，以保存并发展自己的力量。 石首县委在执行鄂西特委指示中，县委成员分头到各区、乡做发动群众、恢复和发展党的组织工作，通过努力，在北一区的古丈堤，北二区的小河口、冯家潭，东一区的小石桥、九佛岗、鹿角头，东二区的南河日、父子岗，南二区的杨河剅等地，建立了秘密党支部二十多个。为重建革命武装，段玉林、朱祖光、谭大银、王三义、袁寿林、郭忠贵等7人组成夺枪小组，由段玉林任组长。夺枪小组在调弦口、小河口、焦山河等地摸掉了敌团防岗哨，焦山河团防局长叶炳章吓坏了，几天不敢出门，后托人找到段玉林，请段玉林不要和他发生冲突。段玉林捎话与叶，叫他不要再做残害百姓和共产党人，不准干扰革命活动。叶一一答应，自此，段玉林等在焦山河一带活动方便了，队伍不断扩大，又一举袭击了五谷庙的团防，缴获了步枪3支，子弹一百多发。此后不久，部队即发展到一百五十多人，夺枪小组改名石首游击队，段玉林任队长，下辖3个分队，王开福负责政治工作。游击队攻打了高基庙团防，并在调弦口打掉了以陈楚生为头子的一股武装，活捉了陈楚生。石首的革命形势，日渐好转。 时沔阳新县委还根据周逸群的指示，对沔阳南区“集体自首事件”作出决定：凡是“自首分子”出来工作的将功折罪，不出来工作的以叛党罪枪杀勿论。于是，“自首分子”都出来工作了，而且很积极。但到后来，夏曦出任湘鄂西省中央分局书记时，大搞肃反扩大化，沔南区“自首分子”，除贺闯等在战斗中牺牲外，余皆被夏曦做为改组派杀死，无一幸免。 经过周逸群等半年的努力，洪湖地区的革命力量，虽在严重的白色恐怖之下，依然稳步地发展起来。到了1929年3月底春回大地之际，洪湖地区23个县，党的组织都初步恢复，建立了一批秘密的农协会，扩大了游击队。在监利、华容、石首、江陵、沔阳、公安各县内，相继地出现了若干小块革命根据地。段德昌率领着洪湖赤卫队，先后袭击了马家寨、观音寺、岑河口等十几处团防，赤卫队人数也扩大到数百人。由于赤卫队员经过荒岛训练和三屋墩整编，战斗力很强，几仗之后，那些团防们听到赤卫队的名字，无不胆颤心惊。 2月6日至7日，鄂西特委在江陵沙岗召开了特委第一次扩大会议，贯彻中共第六次全国代表大会的精神。江陵、宜昌、公安、石首、监利、荆门、远安、长阳等县均派代表参加，会议传达了“六大”的决议和党中央的指示，并作出大会决议。主要内容是： 一、加紧城市工作，在发展工运中，要以宜昌、沙市、沙洋、新堤、监利、藕池、江口等工人区域为中心，开展工作。 二、积极发展各种群众组织，纠正过去只要党组织不要群众组织的错误。 三、健全地方党委及所属各部和各委员会，实行集体领导，分工负责，并引进积极的工农同志参加各级领导机关。 四、纠正过去的盲动主义和命令主义的错误，并防止各县所谓“和平发展”和新的错误倾向。 五、加紧群众经济斗争（如吃大户、分豪绅的谷米等）。 六、发动游击战争（正确运用“六大”决议），划江陵、石首、公安、沔阳、监利、潜江、南县、华容、安乡等县为第一游击区，施鹤七属为第二游击区，秭归、巴东、兴山等县为第三游击区，松滋、枝江、宜都、荆门、当阳、远安等县因故一时不能发动，应加紧群众的斗争，以便相互呼应，各区发动后，即向所在县扩大。 为了健全特委领导机关，加强特委对各县工作的指导，会议决定充分调整原特委领导成员，调整后的特委成员除周逸群、万涛俩人外，补充7人，有江陵的县委书记钱定生、石首的县委书记屈春阳、宜昌县委书记郑炽昌、宜都县委书记徐国炎、游击队第一大队长邹资生、监利三区区委书记杨景堂及段德昌，并以周逸群、万涛、钱定生、屈春阳、郑炽昌5人为常委，周逸群为书记，万涛为副书记，徐国炎、邹资生为候补常委，段德昌、杨景堂二人为候补委员。 特委的此次扩大会议，明确了“六大”提出的《十大政纲》，领会了游击战争的任务不仅是打仗，还要做群众工作，组织上健全了领导机构。因而，从政治上、组织上保证了“六大”精神的贯彻，为洪湖根据地的形成和发展奠定了基础。 就在这当儿，发生了蒋、桂大战，蒋介石以南京政府名义，讨伐以李宗仁、白崇禧为首的桂系军阀。蒋桂争权夺势，无暇顾及中共领导的武装力量。使得鄂中、鄂西各苏区的革命力量发展很快，洪湖地区的红色政权得到了迅速地扩大。在桂系军阀撤出鄂西之后，蒋介石的军队未到之时，周逸群、段德昌指挥着洪湖赤卫队，在群众基础好的石首、监利、沔阳3县，发动了攻击，把各乡镇的团防一扫而光，17天内作战21次，均大获全胜，吓得那些土豪劣绅，一个个都龟缩在县城和村镇内，叫苦不迭。 随着军事上的胜利，洪湖赤卫队获得了相当快的发展，人数增加到上千人，遂编成了3个大队，一大队队长彭国材，二大队大队长贺闯，三大队大队长段玉林，周逸群为总队长，段德昌仍为参谋长。周、段等人又依照井冈山朱德、毛泽东的建军经验，在总队设了政治部，在中队设了党代表和士兵委员会。洪湖赤卫队经过整顿后，士气高涨，连续攻下了古丈堤、天心洲、新厂等地，使根据地日益扩大。 就在鄂西特委召开第一次大会的3月6日，中共监利县委书记，洪湖人民的优秀儿子熊传藻英勇就义。