Chapter 31 1. Who is playing the farmer's idea

While Chinese newspapers are buzzing about "IOUs", many foreign journalists can't figure it out: what is "IOUs"? Someone told them: Chinese farmers come in the wind and go in the rain, with their faces turned to the loess and their backs to the sky, tending the barren land of more than one mu like raising their own children. The grain station sent it to the purchase station, but they could only get a white slip of paper proving that the grain and cotton had been handed over, but they could not get cash. The foreign reporter was very naive: Do farmers need cash when they go to the store to buy things?

No wonder foreigners do not understand. "Bai Tiao" may be unique in China. Is it because the farmers are so rich that even the government, banks, and grain stations have come to issue "IOUs" to them?On the contrary, what Chinese peasants are most short of is money, but they cannot get money! Farmers do not receive regular wages every month, no bonuses that increase every year, no one allocates housing for them, and no one takes care of medical treatment for them, but they rely on the grain harvested from the fields, the cotton grown in the soil, and the barnyards. In exchange for a few pitiful banknotes, to buy fertilizers, pesticides, furniture, to pay tuition fees for children, to pay off old debts owed over the years, the biggest expectation is to sew a suit after the New Year New clothes, a few catties of pickled bacon... However, they can only get a "white strip", a "white strip" that can't buy matches and can't be called salt!

Who invented "baitiao" is difficult to verify now.Anyway, after the reform and opening up, agricultural production has just begun to develop, and farmers have just solved their food and clothing, and some people began to use "IOUs" to deal with farmers.Grain is beaten first, then cotton is beaten, and in the future, you can "lift the scale and get an IOU". In the beginning, it was only limited to one township, one county or one area, the number was not large, and the time was not very long.But in the 1990s, "IOUs" suddenly flooded and spread across the country's rural areas, with the number reaching several billion yuan.

Farmers face the loess and their backs to the sky, and work hard all year round, but what they get back is a white strip that cannot buy salt or soy sauce. One can imagine the frustration and sadness.From the oil, salt, soy sauce and vinegar that is needed every day, to the children’s textbook fees, and the seed money for the next year, there is nothing that does not expect the crops exchanged for sweat to bring hope and vitality to the family. Now, a piece of Baitiao, let this hope be shattered, let this vitality disappear. It is true that the country has financial difficulties, the bank is short of money, and the purchasing department has no money, but can we just use the four words "funding difficulties" to dismiss the farmers?In 1992, when IOUs were the most serious, my country issued 11.58 million yuan in currency, double the amount in 1991. There were enough notes printed, but there was no money to buy agricultural and sideline products. In 1992, the National Bank's loans increased by 357 billion yuan, an increase of 19.8% over 1991, but the loans for the purchase of agricultural and sideline products decreased by 16 billion yuan. What about the money?They went to speculate in real estate, set up development zones, built golf courses, built racetracks, and opened nightclubs!

Maybe our farmers are too honest and able to endure humiliation too much. Many people always like to play the idea of ​​farmers, and almost all the burdens and burdens that are difficult to pass on are spread on farmers.Anyway, there are many people in the countryside and the land is vast. If one person transfers tens of yuan, the hole of tens of billions of yuan can be filled and the burden of tens of billions of yuan can be unloaded.They can use tens of billions of funds to speculate in real estate and develop development zones, but they are unwilling to pay farmers tens of hundreds of dollars to purchase funds. If you owe it, you will owe it. Only farmers can owe it. Paying wages will cause chaos, but farmers can only complain in their hearts when they get "white bills".Some local governments, banks and purchase departments misappropriated purchase funds and special agricultural funds. In order to obtain high interest rates and kickbacks, they embezzled them for several months. Farmers complained to the sky, but they turned a deaf ear to them.

Farmers have only just solved their food and clothing, and they are still far behind urban residents. They really cannot bear this kind of unreasonable public "exploitation".Many farmers have no money to buy production materials and are ready to abandon their fields and soil; many farmers have no money to support their children to go to school, and more and more children drop out of school; "Sold at a discount to the first rich, "white strips" became the "second currency" entering circulation... At the end of 1992, the governors of the People's Bank of China and the Agricultural Bank of more than 10 provinces were summoned to Beijing Friendship Hotel to study how to solve the problem of "burden" white strip" problem.A statistic from the meeting shocked people: According to the preliminary statistics of these provinces alone, "IOUs" have reached nearly 4 billion yuan.This figure does not include the part that could not be acquired due to lack of funds.

In any country, if the agriculture is unstable, the economy will be in chaos.This is a fact that history has repeatedly proven. The leaders of the State Department have discovered the seriousness of the problem, and we can no longer treat farmers unfairly like this!Protecting the interests of farmers and stabilizing the foundation of agriculture has become an urgent task. At the end of 1992, the State Council solemnly announced that no bargaining was allowed: before January 15, 1993, the "IOUs" in the hands of farmers must be honored, so that farmers can have a happy and peaceful Spring Festival.Linking the redemption of "IOUs" with farmers celebrating the Spring Festival is enough to show how serious the problem of "IOUs" has become.Zhu Rongji, who was the Vice Premier of the State Council at the time, even said angrily: Anyone who continues to hit "IOUs" will have his head!

Many farmers watched TV and read newspapers and shed tears: The Communist Party still loves farmers, and the state still cares about farmers!For this point, we have to earnestly plant the fields well. The whole country was shaken, and honoring the "IOUs" in the hands of farmers has become a top priority for governments at all levels.The People's Bank of China and the Agricultural Bank of China responded quickly, announcing that sufficient funds would be released immediately to ensure that the funds will be in place on schedule.All provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions organize personnel at various levels, supervise and urge at each level, inspect each village, and cash out at each household.

Countdowns have started in many places: 20 days, 19 days, 18 days... The honest farmers have received special respect this time, and they happily cashed in the "white strips" in their hands. There are not many, but they are satisfied: the State Department speaks for them and supports them.During the Spring Festival this year, firecrackers were set off in rural China, and dragon lanterns were played vigorously. However, after all, this is only a temporary measure that is not a long-term solution.This year's "white strip" has been fulfilled, who can guarantee that it will not make a comeback next year?Besides, if you still dislike the "white note", I will simply close the door and refuse to accept it, so that you will not have a single "white note".

do as promised! After 1993, "IOUs" were not allowed, food was no longer needed, live pigs were not harvested, and cotton was ignored... The new grain reform in 1998 started from the system and completely solved the phenomenon of "IOUs".The State Council's grain reform policy unquestionably stipulates that grain purchase and storage enterprises in all regions must openly purchase surplus grain from farmers at a protective price, and must settle in cash, with account-to-account settlement.As a guarantee, the two major reform measures are the open purchase of the grain sector and the closed operation of purchase funds.

Chinese farmers can finally smile comfortably: now there is hope in farming. However, the food has been solved, and what about cotton?What about tobacco leaves?What about pigs? Sure enough, there is a place that is blocked from one side to the other. "People's Daily" reported that Guandian Town, Jianshi County, Hubei "invented" two new gadgets: "flower tickets" and "tobacco sticks".The so-called "flower tickets" and "tobacco sticks" are a kind of saving slips called fixed-living two-day bills paid to farmers after purchasing agricultural and sideline products such as tobacco leaves. In fact, they are disguised white slips that are difficult to cash.You do not want?Then your tobacco leaves, tea leaves, and medicinal materials can only be left at home to rot. Interestingly, this kind of "white strips" can still be circulated within a certain range, but the value should be discounted.For example, when you go to the store, you have to discount 20%; when you buy chemical fertilizers, you have to pay about 5 yuan more for a pack... Changing tricks to deceive farmers, they can't figure it out! On screen, the farmer is always hunched over.There is a cross talk saying that this is suppressed by the burden. There is a farmer named Meng in Shaheyi Town, Qian'an County, Hebei Province. His family of four members harvests 800 kilograms of grain a year. He spends more than 200 yuan on fertilizers and pesticides and pays more than 400 yuan in taxes and fees. 600 yuan can only be exchanged for 800 kilograms of grain. How can the waist of the farmer not be bent? In a village in Sichuan Province, the per capita income is less than 400 yuan, and the per capita extra-tax burden is 154 yuan, accounting for 38% of the per capita income of the previous year. How heavy is the burden on farmers?Anyone can weigh in from here. A farmer in Changling County, Jilin Province wrote a letter to the central government to "complain": In 1986, his family deducted about 200 yuan, which increased to 750 yuan in 1991, and now it is almost 1,000 yuan. A certain newspaper published a settlement statement of Zhu Sunguo, a farmer in Wangzhuang Township, Chengyuan County, Zhejiang Province.Zhu Sunguo's family of 6 members handed over 505 kilograms of grain, and should receive 283 yuan.Deductible part: agricultural tax 81 yuan; rural withdrawal 20 yuan per person, total 120 yuan; village level withdrawal 4 yuan per person, total 24 yuan; group level withdrawal 15 yuan per person, total 90 yuan; farmland capital construction fundraising per person 1 yuan total 6 yuan.The total of the above is 321 yuan.As a result, Zhu Sunguo had to hand over 38 yuan in cash. An unbelievable piece of black humor!The peasants with their faces turned to the loess soil and their backs to the sky sweated a lot and worked hard, but they still had to pay back. On June 14, 1996, farmers in Zhouhe Township, Xinxian County, Henan Province wrote to People's Daily, saying: "In this situation, who can afford to be a farmer?!" Arbitrary fines and arbitrary charges also emerge in endlessly.Farmers have to pay the township government for mediation when they have a dispute, and they have to pay a postage fee for remittances, and they have to pay a fine for not planting a tree... According to the investigation of Kaifeng City, in 1978, Chinese farmers only had to pay five taxes and fees. The average per capita was 15.58 yuan; by 1985, the number of items borne by farmers increased to 27 items, and the per capita burden was 24.25 yuan. By 1990, it was as high as 97 items, and the per capita burden rose to 80.19 yuan, accounting for 17% of the net income of the previous year.One "step" per year, one "development" per year. Peiyuan Village is a poor mountain village in the northeastern part of Jiangxi Province. Over the past few years, it has been called to reduce the burden on farmers, but here it has become more and more heavy. In 1998, it was hit by floods and the early rice harvest was wiped out. Instead of reducing the burden, it forcibly increased it by 60,000 yuan. diverse.There are 5 members of Sheng Liuhua's family in this village. They planted 4 mu and 2 sub-divisions of land. The net income is less than 1,000 yuan, but the taxes and fees to be paid are as high as 750 yuan. After a year of hard work, they have to borrow money to pay taxes and fees. .So what did they pay for?The villagers said: "The village cadres have the final say on what to pay and how much to pay. If you don't pay, you can't do it. If you pay, you don't even have a receipt." Villager Li Ying recalled: "One day in July, eight or nine villages The cadres broke into my house and asked me to pay 400 yuan. When I asked how much to pay, some of them reprimanded: Don’t ask so much, just pay. When I said there was no money, they took away a pig from my family. " When the reporter investigated, what kind of fees did the farmers pay in a daze?The village party secretary needs to install a program-controlled telephone in his home, and the villagers raised nearly 10,000 yuan to set up a special line; although the villagers have never received any agricultural technology guidance, they have to pay more than 1,000 yuan in agricultural technology guidance fees every year; The price of the rice seedling tray baffled the villagers: we have never seen what kind of seedling tray! No sooner had the farmers had enough to eat for two years than someone came to make an idea.Those departments, units, and local governments that hold power up and down have extended their hands to farmers.Building roads, building bridges, building schools, engaging in family planning, maintaining law and order, ordering newspapers, buying insurance... There are all kinds of things and names, but it is ridiculous that they still openly advertise "serving farmers" and "taking from the people". , for the people" signboard.A county women's federation engaged in income generation, transferred a batch of feed additives, and distributed two packs to each household, in the name of helping farmers develop pig breeding.One township actually subscribed to more than 6,000 newspapers in 68 categories from 8 systems and 10 departments. None of the farmers had seen a single newspaper, but each had to pay 5 yuan more for subscription.There was a moldy moon cake in a commercial department, and it also came forward through the township government, and each household sold two.It is called: agricultural and commercial alliance, agricultural and commercial joint construction.The 17 agricultural bank business offices in Siping City, Jilin Province did not take financial work seriously, but intervened in the chemical fertilizer business, and forcibly distributed them to farmers at a price of more than 100 yuan per ton higher than the market price. Don’t you want it?Then you don't want to borrow money from me.Four townships in Hubei Province allocated 3.55 million yuan to farmers for renovating office buildings and purchasing cars.There are also apportionment items that even they themselves are ashamed to mention.In a large hilly county in Sichuan, the money for eating, drinking and entertainment by local leaders is apportioned to farmers in the name of "special needs funds".In the area of ​​Jianghan Plain in Hubei, this project is called "Total Unification Fee"... In a word, only depriving farmers is their ideal "choice".Farmers are honest, farmers are tame, and farmers are kind!What cannot be done to 200 million urban residents can be used to 900 million farmers; what 200 million urban residents dare not do to 900 million farmers! The tip of the needle cuts the iron, and the mouth of the swallow snatches the mud. Fortunately, they can do it!No matter how rich the peasants are, they cannot afford such exploitation.Moreover, the wealth of farmers is only relative to the situation before the reform and opening up.In fact, farmers in many places have just solved their food and clothing needs, and some have not completely lifted themselves out of poverty.In this way, farmers are regarded as the meat of Tang monks, and everyone comes to cut a knife and eat a bite. It hurts the farmers, and affects the development of the entire agriculture and even the smooth progress of the entire Chinese economy. Farmers are overwhelmed!In desperation, farmers can only pin their hopes on the Party Central Committee, the State Council, and the Communist Party that has led them through bloody struggles. 744 peasants from Heilongjiang Province signed a letter to the Central Committee of the Letter, with more than 8,000 bitter and tearful words and six black handprints, solemnly proclaiming that the peasants were overwhelmed and could not bear the heavy and miscellaneous taxes. Once, when General Secretary Jiang Zemin visited the Jianghan Plain, Liu Keqin, a farmer, asked the general secretary face to face: "Why are there so many reserves now? So much apportionment?" Faced with the call of the peasants, the leaders of the republic had to think about a question: To reduce the burden on the peasants, the documents are issued every year, and the leaders talk about it every day. Why is the burden reduced and heavier? Farmers answered the questions of the leaders of the Republic with reality: the central government documents are very good, and the departmental documents are very "ruthless"! Farmers live at the bottom of the society. Any department can manage farmers, any unit can block farmers, anyone can ask farmers for money, and anyone can ask farmers for apportionment. According to the statistics of Henan Province, in recent years, the province has issued 116 documents on farmers' burdens, involving 182 items of fees charged to farmers.According to a survey in Youxian County, Hunan Province, there are 21 departments and 98 projects that charge farmers fees, and the fees are equivalent to five times that of rural pooling.The per capita income of Xiaotang Village in the county is 449 yuan, while the per capita burden is 112.75 yuan, which accounts for 1/4.What audit office, environmental protection office, sanitation office, rodent control station, dog beating team, greening team, anti-riot team, film team... there are too many to count, and I don't know, but they all cost money anyway. "Seven stations and eight stations have everything they need, and there are no stations at seven stations and eight stations." In an area in Hunan, from buying a tractor to driving a tractor, you have to enter eight government offices, apply for ten licenses, and pay a fee of nearly 100 yuan.Once the car is driven, the charges come again. A tractor has to pay 22 kinds of fees every year, totaling 1028 yuan. Farmers in the Langfang area of ​​Hebei ask relevant departments to mediate their disputes. The price is 20 yuan in the township and 50 yuan in the county, plus entertainment fees. Xiaoyuan Village, Linxiang City, Hunan Province reported that they could no longer afford to get married and have children.Rural youths have to pay 12 kinds of fees totaling 461 yuan to get a marriage certificate.Among them, the deposit for family planning is 250 yuan, the notarization fee for family planning deposit is 30 yuan (the author still does not understand its meaning), the marriage examination fee is 20 yuan, the birth certificate is 20 yuan, the marriage certificate is 12 yuan, the "Newly Married Guide" is 2.6 yuan, and the marriage application form is 0.3 yuan. Commemorative badge 6 yuan, red candle 2 yuan, delivery fee 48 yuan in advance, village family planning deposit 50 yuan, welfare prize fundraising 20 yuan.The Hunan provincial government has long abolished the birth certificate fee, but many places accept it as it is, 68 yuan for one child and 100 yuan for a second child. Villagers in Gangdong Village, Jianhu County, Jiangsu Province have to pay more than 200 yuan per mu. In addition, they have to scrape from the students again.Farmers in the township sent a "Levy Notice" to the "People's Daily". The funds collected from the students last time included: 30 yuan for pension insurance; 10 yuan for the martyrs cemetery; 7.5 yuan for health care; "The subscription fee is 12.5 yuan.Really thoughtful!Not only did they provide endowment insurance for the "flowers of the motherland" to relieve their worries, but they also took responsibility for "training" the parents of the students. Asking farmers for money seems to have become a matter of course. A reporter from Farmers Daily interviewed a township head in Jiangxi.The head of the township said that there are more than 100 people in the township government, 60-70 people are recruited, and the annual subsidy is 70,000-80,000 yuan.Where does the money come from? "Ask the farmers!". There are 10,940 township cadres in Tieling City, Liaoning Province, with an average of 75 in each township; and 45,870 village cadres and non-production personnel, with an average of 30 in each village.Their one-year subsidy amounted to 39.71 million yuan, and the per capita burden of farmers was 15 yuan. When asking farmers for money, there is no room for negotiation, no possibility of bargaining, not even a title.You have already had a ligation operation, but you have to pay the family planning fee; your family didn’t feed a pig, but you have to pay the slaughter tax; you don’t watch movies, but you have to pay less for the movie fee... Farmers sigh: the past year Criticize two fights, now one fine and two deductions. What's more, the current fees, whether they are reasonable or not, should be imposed, or even used by force.The cadres lead the team, the police lead the battle, and the local ruffians act as thugs. On May 31, 1993, Zhou Zuoqun, Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Xinyan Township, Xiangxiang City, Hunan Province, and Xiao Xuewen, Secretary of the Youth League Committee, came to Pan Qunying's home in Xiangyun Village and forced Pan Qunying to pay 100 yuan for "family planning serial fees" (later halved to 50 yuan) Yuan), 269 Yuan "fund-raising fee for school establishment".Pan Qunying had a ligation operation in 1983, so she couldn't figure out how to pay serial fees.Seeing this, Zhou Zuoqun wanted to move her house. Pan Qunying had to take out 170 yuan, and asked someone to borrow 50 yuan, for a total of 220 yuan.Two days later, Zhou and Xiao brought people to the door again to settle the debt. Pan Qunying really had no money to pay, so they forcibly moved her TV and bicycle. Pan Qunying couldn't compete and was thrown to the ground. He begged for 20 minutes and was ignored. In desperation, he jumped into the pond and died in front of the township cadres. On November 9, 1992, Cai Tianshan, Secretary of the Party Branch of Lianglukou Village, Pingyu County, Henan Province, led 19 village officials to the home of Cai Yutang, a villager. 25.5 catties of home sesame seeds and 198 catties of wheat. When someone wanted to take another half bag of sesame seeds, Cai Yutang fought with them. Someone threatened him: "Tie him up", so he had to give up, but his heart was heavy.The per capita burden of the villager group he belongs to has reached 16.1% of the net income of the previous year, which is more than three times the national control standard.The next morning, the students who went to school found him hanged on the pear tree at the door. On January 1, 1993, the Panjiabu District Police Station in Qiyang County, Hunan Province planned to build a new office building, but the funds were short of more than 100,000 yuan.Township head Wang Fangjie led more than 20 people and selected Peng Manxiu, a female villager in Taizi Village, as the target of the fine.They forcibly drove away a fat pig from Peng Manxiu's house.Peng Manxiu's husband Gao Xianming died of grief and indignation on January 5 after drinking pesticide. Some were forced to death, and some were beaten to death. On October 29, 1998, more than a dozen cadres from Xinsheng Town, Liangping County, Chongqing City brutally destroyed taxes and fees and beat a farmer to death. Farmers, our food and clothing parents, are now driven to a dead end.This is not only the sorrow of the peasants, but also the sorrow of the republic.Now, some local governments and some grassroots cadres not only set up fees in a clever name, but also use the same method that the Kuomintang used to deal with us to deal with farmers.They set up so-called "Expropriation Teams," "Assault Teams," "Operation Teams," and "Law Enforcement Teams." Destroy houses and arrest people.Some people call it "devils entering the village".Some local women coax their children, in the past it was "the tiger is coming", now it is "the cadres are coming".The relationship between cadres and the masses has become increasingly fierce, some have become "oil-water relations", and some have become "water-fire relations". We have driven the peasants to a dead end, who will give us food? Chinese farmers are the most reasonable.In the difficult years of food shortage, they would rather starve themselves, but also ensure the delivery of food purchased by the state.They think that this is "imperial grain and national tax", and no matter how difficult it is to be a farmer, it must be done.But what exploits farmers now is not the taxes and fees that farmers should and are willing to pay, but various unreasonable apportionments, fund-raising, and fines.In fact, it is this kind of unreasonable apportionment, fund-raising, and fines that account for the main burden of farmers. The burden of farmers shows a "red light".Many farmers began to abandon their fields and soil, and the area of ​​grain and cotton fell below the warning line several times. In many places, conflicts between cadres and the masses were fierce, reaching the point of breaking out.Any hesitation and hesitation are likely to disintegrate China's agriculture, which has just embarked on the road of reform. Reducing the burden on farmers has become an arduous task for the Chinese government. As early as 1985, the Central Committee and the State Council issued the "Notice on Stopping Arbitrary Payments and Charges to Farmers"; in 1990, the State Council issued the "Notice on Effectively Reducing Farmers' Burdens"; in 1991, the State Council issued "Farmers' Burden "Regulations on the Administration of Expenses and Labor Services"; in January 1993, the State Council proposed that "farmers' burdens must not be allowed", which cut off the "financial resources" of departments, industries, and localities; on March 19, 1993, the General Office of the Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued an emergency Notice that, in addition to the statutory burden, all apportionments, fund-raising, standard-reaching activities, administrative fees, and various funds will be stopped first and then cleared.Those who fail to clean up will be given party discipline and administrative sanctions. On June 21, 1993, a national teleconference on reducing farmers' burdens was held, announcing the cancellation of a batch of 37 agriculture-related burden projects of central state agencies.Then the State Council authorized the Ministry of Agriculture to announce the cancellation of 43 standard-reaching and upgrading activities and formulate 12 principles for reviewing farmers' burden documents and projects.Arbitrary fees, apportionments, and fundraising that are not based on laws and regulations will be cancelled. Although this large-scale burden reduction action has achieved certain results, once the limelight passes, the burden will come again.For this reason, the central government and the State Council have to make repeated orders and repeated requests on the issue of reducing the burden on farmers almost every year: in 1994, the Central Office and the State Office issued a notice requesting all localities to increase efforts to reduce the burden on farmers and prevent the burden on farmers from rebounding; in 1996, the CCP The Central Committee and the State Council made the "Decision on Doing a Good Job of Reducing Farmers' Burdens"; in 1997, the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized: "We must respect farmers' autonomy in production and management, protect their legitimate rights and interests, and effectively reduce farmers' burdens"; 1998 On October 14, 2011, the Third Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Party passed the "Decision on Several Major Issues Concerning Agriculture and Rural Work," which once again solemnly pointed out: "Reducing the burden on farmers must address both the symptoms and root causes. Reasonable burdens must adhere to fixed item limits and maintain It is relatively stable and will remain unchanged for three years; arbitrary charges, arbitrary fund-raising, arbitrary fines, and various apportionments are strictly prohibited, and various wrong practices that increase the burden on farmers in disguise are corrected, and those who violate regulations must be dealt with severely; Legislation to cover costs and services." The Party Central Committee and the State Council support farmers, and the law also supports farmers.Although my country has not introduced special laws to protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers, the political and legal departments at all levels have already used the "Constitution", "Administrative Procedure Law", and "Agricultural Law" to punish the behavior of imposing arbitrary charges on farmers in violation of laws and regulations. to be punished by law.Farmers who have long been accustomed to accepting everything and keeping their own place have begun to know how to use legal weapons to protect their legitimate rights and interests.Dogs know how to jump over walls when they are in a hurry, but people dare not sue "officials" when they are pressed?Zeng Wusong, a member of the Party Committee of Fenglin Township, Xinhua County, Hunan Province, led a "work team" to the home of Liu Siying, a widow in Tuanta Village. Because Liu Siying was out, he kicked open two doors of Liu's house and took away 2 loads of rice and 2 piglets. , the actual value was more than 300 yuan, and it was sold at a low price for 140 yuan. It was determined that 55.78 yuan of which was paid for, and the rest was used as a fine.Then he came to Zeng Qingsong's home and asked him to pay late fees, execution fees, fines, wages and dinner fees totaling 230 yuan. Hand in the yuan.Zeng Xiaosong and Liu Siying filed a complaint with the county people's court against the township government.The court ruled that the township government violated the law and compensated for all losses. More than 300 farmers were in tears after attending the hearing: We now have a place to seek justice. Gu Qinglian, Secretary of the Party Committee of Liuyao Town, Jieshou City, Anhui Province, forcibly distributed low-quality chemical fertilizers to farmers, requiring farmers in the town to buy 6 kilograms per household, a total of 18 yuan.After being boycotted by the farmers, they organized personnel to collect fertilizer fees from farmers' homes, and those who continued to resist were taken to the town government to be illegally detained.His audacity has reached the point where it cannot be added.The peasants who couldn't bear it finally brought this arrogant party secretary to court. With the courage of the law and the support of the State Council, will Chinese farmers be able to lift off all illegal burdens and hold their heads high?Once the limelight is over, will all kinds of burdens come back again?Farmers are not at ease, and grassroots cadres are not at ease.In order to fundamentally reduce the burden on farmers, we must cut off the source, legislate to regulate the behavior of government departments, and standardize the fiscal and taxation system. We should not ask farmers for money or transfer burdens to farmers at will.Farmers are still poor, and what they need is blood transfusions, not blood draws.Recently, it has been revealed that the relevant departments are already working on the formulation of the "Regulations on the Administration of Charges by Administrative Organs", specifying the departments, scope, amount, and objects of charges, and those who violate the regulations will be dealt with as arbitrary charges. Premier Zhu Rongji also envisioned a sweeping solution.During his inspections in Beihai and Nanning, he said that fees for retention and overall planning in rural areas are one of the reasons for current corruption. Every year they complain that the money is not enough, and farmers complain about the heavy burden every day.My opinion is that all reasonable charges should be included in the scope of agricultural tax, so that village cadres can eat "imperial food", and a slight tax increase is enough, and farmers can afford it.With the exception of agricultural taxes, other charges are illegal.Except for the tax department, no other unit or individual can collect fees from farmers, and whoever collects fees is breaking the law.In this way, the people who charge indiscriminately will not be able to find an excuse for charging, and farmers will be more justified in refusing to charge indiscriminately.On this issue, as long as the central and local governments have unified thinking and understanding, it is absolutely possible to do well.This is good for farmers, good for the country, and it is also good for effectively curbing arbitrary charges, improving relations between cadres and the masses, and putting an end to corruption. It is indeed time for us to take seriously the problem of farmers' burden and solve it thoroughly. People with a little bit of historical knowledge will understand that in China, whoever does not pay attention to farmers and rural issues will make mistakes.If the burden on farmers worsens again, it will not only hurt farmers and agriculture, but also affect the entire process of reform and opening up in our country. Just as some departments extended their hands to farmers asking for money, some unscrupulous traders extended their hands to the countryside to cheat and harm farmers. In 1995, dozens of farmers in Muqiu Township, Xinji City, Hebei Province bought diesel oil from a store during the busy farming season. Unexpectedly, this diesel oil was inferior, containing wax, gasoline, and a large amount of impurities. When it was heated, it caught fire and burned. 37 tractors and diesel engines for transporting fertilizer and watering the ground.The peasants cried out in anxiety.A farmer in Bozhuang Village was seriously injured by the low-quality diesel while watering the fields. In March 1997, more than 60 farmers from more than 10 villages including Yanjia and Maoguo in Qingtang Town, Anhua County, Hunan Province purchased nearly 200 kilograms of Shanyou 77 seeds from an agricultural technology promotion station in Qingtang, and soaked the seeds for a while at home. Days later, it was found that the germination rate of the seeds was only 20%. After inspection by the local consumer committee, it was found that these were inferior seeds that had not been sold out by a certain unit in 1995.Fortunately, the farmers discovered it early, otherwise the harvest of the season would have been delayed. In May 1997, after 13 farmers including Peng Jiazhu in Tianjia Village, Xuanzhou Town, Hengshan County, Hunan Province used the "Daolesi" rice herbicide sold by a certain unit in Hengnan County, all the early rice of more than 30 mu withered. "Why did it become "rice withered"?"It turned out that this was an unqualified herbicide banned in my country in 1995. In July 1997, Zhou Zhihui and other dozens of farmers in Chenguang Village, Shegang Town, Liuyang City, Hunan Province, planted an early rice hybrid provided by a certain town's agricultural technology station, resulting in a low seed setting rate and a serious reduction in yield. The lowest yield was only 50-100 kg, causing economic losses of 180,000 yuan to farmers. Just as the counterfeit and shoddy goods were increasingly under siege in the cities, some unscrupulous traders extended their black hands to the countryside, aiming at the peasants.According to a survey by the China Consumers Association, with the development of the rural joint production contract responsibility system and the industrialization of agriculture, the phenomenon of producing and selling fake and shoddy agricultural materials to harm farmers has become increasingly prominent.Fake seeds, fake chemical fertilizers, and fake agricultural machinery continue to flow to the countryside, causing many irreparable losses to agricultural production.Sun Shaofeng, a professional watermelon planter in Shaoyang City, bought 32 tons of a certain compound fertilizer from an agricultural materials company. After one month of fertilization, the growth of watermelon seedlings was slow and the seedlings were aging, resulting in a large area of ​​production reduction and a loss of more than 30,000 yuan. If you buy ordinary counterfeit and shoddy goods, you may only lose the value of this commodity, but if you buy fake and shoddy agricultural materials, you may lose a season, a year or even a few years of harvest for farmers.A certain subsidiary in Licheng County, Shanxi resold corn seeds that did not meet the seed requirements to eight cities, counties and districts in Henan and Hebei provinces, causing heavy economic losses to farmers.Due to the use of low-quality herbicides in Xinxiang County, Henan Province, hundreds of acres of cotton fields in two villages only grew leaves and no peaches.Vegetable farmers in Anhui Province suffered a loss of more than 40 million yuan because they sowed 2 million mu of low-quality rapeseed, and the rate of sterile plants was as high as 30%.Someone sold Guangdong's photosensitive hybrid rice as Xianyou 10 and sold it in Zhejiang, causing 5,000 mu of late hybrid rice in Zhejiang to fail to head, reducing yield by 1.7 million kilograms, and farmers lost more than 1 million yuan. People mistake the place for a while, and the land mistakes people for a year, but these unscrupulous traders ignore our parents and use fake and shoddy agricultural materials to entrap farmers and damage agriculture. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers, the China Consumers Association determined 1998 as the theme year of "For Rural Consumers", and carried out activities nationwide to "protect the legitimate rights and interests of rural consumers and promote the healthy development of the rural economy" to severely crack down on violations of rural consumer behavior.Wang Lingang, a criminal in Sichuan Province who damaged more than 20,000 mu of crops by selling fake ammonium nitrate fertilizer, has been executed according to law. I hope the gunshots at the execution ground can stop the black hands from reaching out to farmers to entrap them. To protect farmers, the Chinese government has to take special actions.