Chapter 7 Chapter 7: The Yuan Government Difficult to Deliver, Especially Difficult to Deliver

Yuan Shikai who became the president.After a few days of no excitement, I felt that the sun and the moon were difficult.Even his own people are not as smooth as they used to be. Since the cabinet is a product of the cabinet system, the "amphibious" prime minister did not want to be a puppet.As a result, Xiao Qiang's misfortune occurred frequently. one Tang Shaoyi, who just passed the year of "Knowing the Mandate of Heaven", due to working all day long for the Yuan family's president, her unformed hair and blessings have lost weight, and even her spirit is exhausted.It's just that the big responsibility is imminent, and he is going to organize the first cabinet after the Republic of China, so he has to cheer up and continue to run.

After continuing to run around for a few days, he suddenly frowned: "The "Provisional Constitution" stipulates clearly: the responsible cabinet is an authority that handles all affairs of the country. The prime minister and the cabinet members are jointly responsible. Therefore, the cabinet members should be selected by the prime minister himself But, all my cabinet members have to be appointed by the temporary president, am I not a puppet? This is not a cabinet system, it is still a presidential system." Tang Shaoyi was unhappy, feeling vaguely fooled... Although Tang Shaoyi saw this level clearly, she was not happy if she was not happy. The list of cabinet members proposed by President Yuan had to be followed.

On March 25, Tang Shaoyi took Yuan Shikai's nominated cabinet list to Nanjing and prepared to submit it to the Provisional Senate. On the way to the south, the first Prime Minister of the Cabinet did not care to appreciate the beautiful spring scenery along the way, nor did he want to accept the hospitality of the local officials. In his anxiety, he still concentrated on thinking about his ruling team and this team: How to carry out the work. "If you are in the position, you have to plan your own government. If you can't be a prime minister, you will be scolded by eight generations of ancestors." Tang Shaoyi is still a person who wants to accomplish something. He thinks about China's national conditions and the current situation in China. He wanted to change the original 9 ministries of the Nanjing Provisional Government into 12 ministries, divide industry into 3 ministries of industry, commerce, and agriculture and forestry, and divide business into 3 ministries, except foreign affairs, internal affairs, finance, army, navy, justice, and education. , Post and Telecommunications Department.In this way, it can not only be professional and clear, but also benefit the personnel arrangements of the North and South parties.

After Tang Shaoyi reported his plan on the composition of the cabinet to the Senate, the Senate raised objections and did not agree to the separation of transportation, post and telecommunications, and industry was only allowed to be divided into two departments: industry and commerce, and agriculture and forestry.In this way, Tang Shaoyi's plan of changing from 9 to 12 can only change from 9 to 10.So he submitted a list of personnel to the Senate on a scale of 10: Minister of Foreign Affairs Lu Zhengxiang, Zhao Bingjun, Minister of Internal Affairs, Chief Financial Officer Xiong Xiling,

Army Chief Duan Qirui, Chief of the Navy Liu Guanxiong, Attorney General Wang Chonghui, Cai Yuanpei, Minister of Education, Song Jiaoren, Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, Minister of Industry and Commerce Chen Qimei, Transport Chief Liang Ruhao. Tang Shaoyi's nomination of cabinet candidates is very confusing: Cai Yuanpei, Wang Chonghui, Song Jiaoren, and Chen Qimei are four members of the League; Zhao Bingjun and Duan Qirui belonged to the Beiyang faction; the transportation chief named Liang Ruhao failed to be approved by the Senate, and the vacant position was concurrently held by the prime minister.In this way, the cabinet with the Tongmenghui as the main body is naturally accepted by the people of the country.

After the Senate passed it, Tang Shaoyi sent an urgent telegram to President Yuan in Beijing, and Yuan immediately issued a letter of appointment.At this point, the first cabinet of the government of the Republic of China was officially born. However, careful people will find that this cabinet is still surnamed "Yuan" and is the general representative of the Beiyang Department.There is no need to mention Tang Shaoyi's false alliance members; Lu Diplomacy and Liu Haijun, who appear to have no affiliation, have long been friends of the Beiyang faction; together with Zhao Bingjun and Duan Qirui, the Beiyang faction still has an absolute advantage.This was Yuan Shikai's wish and his arrangement.Therefore, his letter of appointment was also sent out quickly.

With a president and a cabinet formed, Mr. Sun Yat-sen did not break his promise, so he submitted his resignation to the Senate on April 1, 1912, and said something from the bottom of his heart: ...After the founding of the Republic of China, all citizens of the Republic of China have the bounden duty of being a citizen.What is a vocation? That is to promote world peace.This promotion of world peace is the future goal of the Republic of China.By following this goal, the foundation of the Republic of China can be consolidated, covering the Chinese people, who account for a quarter of the world's people. If the Chinese people can make great progress, most of them will join the civilization, and it will not be difficult to achieve world peace. Bureau.What's more, the Chinese race is famous for its peace. Thousands of years ago, it was known that peace is the truth of the world... After the president is dismissed, he will be a citizen of the Republic of China, and the government is only a small one. The power of the organs is only a very small part of the people, and most of the power is still in our people.The president's dismissal today does not mean that he is retiring after a successful career. He really wants to use his status as a citizen of the Republic of China to work with 400 million people to form the foundation of the Republic of China and hope for world peace.

After speaking, hand over the temporary presidential seal.Senator Lin Sen, the President of the Senate, made a reply after accepting the seal of the President: More than 4,000 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the autocracy has abused the flames, and the Qin government has been scorched.Although it has a continent of 200 million miles, with a rate of 400 trillion people, if foreign aggressors take advantage of it, it is almost as if it is destroyed, and if it is not endless, it is only dying.Mr. Sun Yat-sen made a great wish to save the country, first built the flag of the republic, and ran around under the despotism of autocracy. Those who were on the verge of death were repeated, but he resolutely did not stop. Twenty years have passed since the Wuhan uprising, and within a month, three of the people responded. Second, due to the fact that the death of the Qing Dynasty was caused by no way, Mr. Yiyi's advocacy and advocacy are really powerful.At that time, the Republic of China had not yet been unified, and the people of the country were anxious to establish a provisional government in Nanjing. Mr. Shi returned to the country, and the representatives of the provinces elected him as the provisional president.Forty days after receiving the post, the Qing emperor was abdicated by peaceful measures, and the unification was established.Although the country is less than a hundred days old, the gifts that our five major nationalities have received are endless. Not only is success not living, but its noble and pure style is already the style of the world.Today, on the day when Mr. Hu is relieved of the post of interim president, this court represents the whole country, and there are people who can't say it.The establishment of the Republic of China was also nurtured by Mr. You Lai, who inspired and encouraged the development of the Republic of China.Those who are beneficial to the Republic of China will be in the government and the opposition forever, and their responsibilities are the same...

After thanking the MPs, Mr. Sun bowed and left.So far, China has become the world of the Yuan family. Now that everyone in the world has the surname Yuan, the democracy of the parliament will also be inclined -- so what if it is not inclined. On April 1, the parliament met again and decided to change Beijing as the capital.The Senate also moved to Beijing on April 29. The capital of the country has been set in Beijing, so the responsible cabinet will of course have to go to the capital, and can no longer be in Nanjing.In Nanjing, Tang Shaoyi made Shi Zhaoji the chief of communications, and then set off northward with his cabinet members.When Tang Shaoyi arrived in Beijing, the urgent things were done: arranging offices, issuing official documents, changing the ranks of governors and governors of the former Qing Dynasty to governors, the government from the inside, and the provinces from the outside. The Army Headquarters went to have a heart-to-heart talk with the President.Yuan Shikai's face was full of joy, and the gloom of his long-term residence in the cellar had long been swept away.The city of Beijing tended to be calm. Most of those who assassinated him in the early days were beheaded, and most of the unstable elements were expelled. However, the situation in the south was evolving according to his calculations. President Yuan felt safe. He got out of the cellar, lived in a spacious office, and opened the doors and windows, so that the bright sunshine and the delicate fragrance of early spring flowers rushed to him, and he enjoyed it greedily to make up for the long-lasting darkness loss.

Yuan Shikai met with Prime Minister Tang Shaoyi in the small living room.It seemed that both of them were fully prepared—perhaps there were such clear rules in etiquette—Tang Shaoyi no longer cared about Yuan Shikai calling "Gong Bao" or "Master" or "Mr.", but called out affectionately. "President", Yuan Shikai no longer called Tang "Mr." or "Shaochuan", but called "Prime Minister" affectionately, and bowed deeply to each other, and shook hands warmly with each other in accordance with the new friendship method of the Tongmenghui.

"You have worked hard, you have worked hard!" Yuan Shikai said to Tang while giving up his seat. "You work harder, harder!" Tang Shaoyi said while sitting. "Everything is settled, let's take a good rest for a few days." Yuan Shikai said: "There are too many things to do, take your time, don't worry." "The president should take care of himself." Tang Shaoyi said; "The cabinet is ready, and everyone will be responsible for it. If there is something to do in the future, the president can just give orders." Yuan Shikai's forehead became hot, and his eyelids twitched: "Why, I just need to talk about it in the future, and the power belongs to his cabinet?" I gave it to him. Could he kick me away? No way." Yuan Shikai didn't want to make his words clearer, fearing that there might be misunderstanding between each other, so he found a so-called urgent matter and said to Tang: "There is something It's something that needs to be done quickly." "President, tell me," Tang said. "Both the government and the State Council have been settled, and the legitimate capital of the country has also been settled. You have to negotiate with the Qing Dynasty and ask them to give up the place for us to work." "Yes, President." Tang Shaoyi said, "I have thought of this matter, and I will send someone to do it immediately." two Zhongnanhai, one of the "big inner" areas, is located on the west side of the Forbidden City.It was originally the location of Wanning Palace, the Li Palace of the Jin Dynasty, and it was called "Da Nei" when the Dadu was built in the Yuan Dynasty.Zhongnanhai covers an area of ​​more than 1,500 mu, including 700 mu of water area. Since the Qing Dynasty, large-scale construction has been carried out. Fengze Garden, Chongya Hall, and Yingtai have been built around the water surface; Huairen Hall, Ziguang Pavilion, Wucheng Hall, and Northeast Bank There is Wanshan Hall and Baoyue Tower on the south bank.The halls, terraces and pavilions are arranged in an orderly manner, and the architectural forms are rich and colorful. It is a place with extremely beautiful scenery and a famous royal garden in China.There is only one gate in and out of this garden, called Xinhua Gate.Except for the royal family and nobles, few other people can come in.When the Qing emperor abdicated, the garden was still owned by the royal family.After Tang Shaoyi’s Prime Minister’s Mansion moved to Beijing, under the orders of President Yuan, all the “Tartars” with braids, big and small, were driven out of the garden—in name, the Qing imperial family withdrew from the garden.After those pretentious royals, old and young, left with their nostalgic eyes, Yuan Shikai moved from the Army Department of Iron Lion Alley to Zhongnanhai.He is the great president, and the great president is the king of a country. The whole world is a king's land. Apart from him, who can live in a place like Zhongnanhai? If there is not a little remnant of the "custom" that is grateful to the Qing Dynasty In accordance with the preferential treatment conditions formulated by himself, Yuan Shikai must move into the Forbidden City, go to the Hall of Supreme Harmony to announce his inauguration, go to the Hall of Central Harmony to watch affairs, go to the Hall of Preserving Harmony to celebrate New Year’s Eve and Lantern Festival, and entertain the princes and nobles of foreign vassals and his subordinates. The civil and military officials.Yuan Shikai moved into Zhongnanhai.I lived in Jurentang by myself.The east end of the downstairs of Ju Ren Tang is his office, and the west end is the reception room and meeting room (here is only for high-level customers); there is a house called "Mirror in the Great Garden" in the front yard of Ju Ren Tang. A place for general guests and subordinates.The rule of law in China is like this, one person is promoted.Chickens and dogs go to heaven.Yuan Shikai entered Zhongnanhai, so his wives, concubines and children naturally had to follow him.As a result, big cars and small cars, accompanied by maids, all entered Zhongnanhai in groups: Mrs. Yu, second concubine, eldest son Keding and his wife, Xiamen Keduan and his wife lived in Fuluju; , the second son Kewen and his wife, and the third son Keliang and his wife lived in the quadrangle courtyard of the first character corridor; the fifth, sixth, seventh and ninth concubines and their children lived in the back building connected to Jurentang by an overpass.In this way, this huge royal garden became the private residence of the Yuan family, and naturally, all the furnishings in the pavilion also became the private property of the Yuan family. Yuan Shikai moved from Shidaren Alley to the cellar of the Army Department in Iron Lion Alley because he was afraid of being assassinated.There are troops there to protect him, and the Dongxinglou incident will never happen again.Now, he has moved from Iron Lion Alley to Zhongnanhai. Zhongnanhai is a "big house", so it is naturally safer than Iron Lion Alley, and he himself is not the prime minister but the president. Who would dare to assassinate him again? Moved in On that day in Zhongnanhai, he was in a very happy mood. Leaning on his rattan cane, he walked "bang bang bang" between the palaces and pavilions, watched the water among the weeping willows, straightened his back, and turned his face up, as if I sincerely thank God. However, after a while, Yuan Shikai's face was covered with sadness again—— Yuan Shikai's ideal prime minister is his obedient subordinate, and the responsible cabinet is just a blind sign. Without Yuan Shikai's nod, no one can make a decision.However, after all, Tang Shaoyi was a character he misused. This person lived in the West for a while, and stayed in the United States in the 13th year of Tongzhi. The "Temporary Constitution" establishes the cabinet system, and the cabinet naturally has the right to handle state affairs without having to consult the president for everything.Therefore, he decided on his own initiative to decide the issue of disarmament in the South, the issue of national donations to support the country, and the placement of some senior officials.Doing so first aroused dissatisfaction among Yuan's confidants, and some people spoke in front of Yuan. "Premier Tang and Sun Yat-sen belonged to the same township, and now they are members of the alliance. After taking a high position, they have changed. I am afraid that they are not from Beiyang but Sun Yat-sen's allies." Yuan Shikai heard it in his ears, and thinking about what happened in the past, he felt quite reasonable.So, he brought several confidants to Jurentang to discuss countermeasures.Yuan Shikai was influential, and his people in the cabinet listened to him. Zhao Bingjun, the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, said: "The cabinet is not ours anymore, we just don't want him." So he stopped attending the state affairs meeting; Tang Shaoyi called him to urge him , he said: "I'm so busy, I'm so busy that I can't spare time!" In fact, he hides in the presidential palace all day long, as if the Ministry of Internal Affairs is directly under the leadership of the president.Xiong Xiling, the head of the Ministry of Finance, attended the state affairs meeting on time, and made troubles at every meeting, always saying that "the prime minister has violated the powers of the finance minister." Once, Xiong Xiling confronted Tang Shaoyi: "The one million pounds borrowed from Belgian Bank was used. Where did it go?" Tang said frankly, "It was used to take over the provisional government in Nanjing." Xiong Xiling said: "Do you know the trouble this loan has brought to the government? Who will clean up this mess?" --The so-called Huabi borrowing was because Tang Shaoyi had to do it because of the urgent need to accept it.Unexpectedly, this incident aroused the opposition of the four-country banking group composed of Britain, the United States, Germany, and France, which attempted to cut off the lifeline of China's economy. He promised not to borrow money from banks outside the four countries, and borrowed from banks outside the four countries, and threatened to "stop borrowing in the future".Tang Shaoyi was already furious about this matter, and Xiong Xiling, who didn't want to be the chief financial officer, asked another question, and said impatiently: "The Bank of the Four Kingdoms is too domineering. They don't agree with China's borrowing from others, but they signed a contract with the Qing government. And for the reform of the currency system accepted by the government of the Republic of China and the borrowing of the Sichuan-Guangdong-Han Railway, but they defaulted on the contract and did not pay, what is the reason for this?" Xiong Xiling smiled coldly. "Premier Tang, you are too impatient. The borrowing of the four countries is conditional. The Qing government abdicated, and people will not pay until there is a unified government after the peace talks between the North and the South. Were the North and South governments established when you borrowed money?" "I was in a hurry to use the money just to set up the North-South Unification Government," Tang Shaoyi said, "How could I go south without money?" "This person doesn't care. If you breach the contract, you have to apologize, and if you breach the contract, you have to correct it." Tang felt that Xiong Xiling was making trouble for no reason, so he went to Yuan Shikai angrily, thinking that Yuan Shikai would handle the matter fairly.Unexpectedly, as soon as they met, Yuan Shikai said eccentrically: "Shaochuan, I'm old, you can be the president!" Tang Shaoyi was surprised by the title of Shaochuan: Since the establishment of the new government, they have called each other "President" and "Prime Minister", but today, they are suddenly called by their names; The president is here? Tang Shaoyi's heart turned cold: "Yuan Xiangcheng issued an order to evict guests. I think I am redundant as the prime minister, and I am in the way." So, he smiled and said: "Wei Ting, I am old too, and it is good for us to give up our seats together." gone." Yuan Shikai looked at Tang Shaoyi, only smiled faintly, but did not speak. When Tang Shaoyi was calm, she said, "Should I send out the appointment of Wang Tieshan as soon as possible?" Yuan Shikai pretended to be confused, and after being surprised for a long time, he said: "This matter is still to be discussed, let's talk about it later." Tang immediately stood up and asked: "Isn't everything explained clearly? What else are you discussing?"--Wang Tieshan, that is, Wang Zhixiang, a native of Zhili. Commander, he resigned when the Gui army was reorganized, and was introduced by Huang Xing to join the Tongmenghui.As a reward for his uprising.Members of the Senate Alliance advocated pushing him to be the governor of Zhili.According to the new system, the governor of a province should be recommended by the provincial council through consultation.The Zhili Council, including Shuntianfu, made a recommendation according to law.When the matter was handed over in Nanjing, Huang Xing explained it to Tang Shaoyi, and Tang also expressed his trust in Wang and worked hard to facilitate it.When Tang Shaoyi returned from Nanjing, he explained to Yuan, and Yuan agreed.Therefore, Wang has come to Beijing from Guangxi, ready to take office. Now, Yuan Shikai has changed his face, saying that it is "negotiable", but he actually disagrees.Don certainly has an opinion. Wang Zhixiang's supervisor was originally agreed upon. Someone fanned the flames in front of Yuan Shikai and said: "The surname Wang is a member of the alliance. Putting such a heretic in Gyeonggi and letting him control the military and political power of a province is not the same as ushering in the wolf." Some people also said: "It should be the prerogative of the president to appoint and remove the governors of various provinces, and the recommendations of the provincial councils can only be used as a reference. How can it not become a fact once a recommendation is made." Yuan Shikai was originally authoritarian and suspicious of power, but he immediately changed his face after hearing the public opinion .Prime Minister Tang asked, but he only excused himself and said: "It's not that I don't want Wang Tieshan to be the governor of Zhili, it's that all the soldiers in Zhili are against it. I can't do anything about it." Then, he also called the film he directed under the name of "Soldiers of the Five Routes of Zhili" Show Tang the telegram against Wang being the governor. Tang Shaoyi is very familiar with such tricks, and the "mutiny" of the five envoys from the south after they arrived in Beijing has long been known to the world.Yuan Shikai could do such a great destruction as a mutiny.It's not a trivial matter to engage in a joint power call.Tang Shaoyi didn't read the telegram, but said angrily: "It is the misfortune of the Republic of China for soldiers to interfere in politics!" Yuan Shikai said: "Wang Zhixiang, I've decided to send someone else for reuse." "Where is it used?" Tang Shaoyi asked. "Let him serve as the southern consolation envoy, and go back to the south to comfort the army." Tang Shaoyi's anger soared, and he didn't care about etiquette. He said loudly: "This is going back on his word. I can't agree with the president's opinion." After that, he got up and left. Tang Shaoyi couldn't beat Yuan Shikai.Yuan Shikai would not be changed by anyone's dislike.The next day, he sent someone to take the letter of appointment from the Presidential Palace to Wang Zhixiang and ask the Prime Minister to sign and seal it.Tang Shaoyi didn't watch the TV, but returned the original.Said: "Yuan Xiangcheng deceived people too much. He promised to call him to Beijing, and then ordered him to return to the south to comfort the army. Not only did he break the trust of Zhixiang, but he also broke the trust of Zhiren. I will never countersign such chaotic orders!" Premier Tang did not countersign, and President Yuan ignored the contract and issued the order alone. On June 15, Wang Zhixiang's appointment letter was issued in the name of the President. Tang Shaoyi was dumbfounded and sighed.Think about it calmly, this prime minister is too pitiful: the chief minister of the interior does not meet face to face, and the chief minister of finance makes endless noises; the day before yesterday, when he came out of the presidential palace, he was confronted by dozens of guards with a tall car and four horses. He even dared to bump into it when he was in a car, and shouted "Get out of the way, get out of the way! Don't annoy me!" After asking, it turned out that it was just Duan Zhigui, the commander of the presidential palace guards.Tang Shaoyi was so angry that he didn’t know what to say? After a series of strange things, Tang Shaoyi was relieved: "A constitutional monarchy, the orders issued must be counter-signed by the cabinet. Our country is called a republic, but the president still has the final say .I have no right to countersign, so why am I still the Prime Minister?" The next day, on June 16, Tang Shaoyi, who had been prime minister for less than two months, left a letter of resignation and went to Tianjin by car without even saying goodbye to the president. three After Wang Zhixiang's letter of appointment was issued, Yuan Shikai triumphantly said, "If your Prime Minister does not countersign, I will issue the order accordingly!" At this moment, someone presented Tang Shaoyi's resignation letter.Yuan Shikai unfolded it and saw: Because of the cold and the old illness, I went to Tianjin for medical treatment. Please start another job immediately. "Ah, Tang Shaoyi left without saying goodbye?" Yuan Tong held Tang's resignation letter, feeling unhappy: "Leave a piece of paper and leave, just leave, can I not find someone to be the prime minister!?" Thinking so, Now, after all, the situation has changed, and the words of republic and democracy are loudly shouted, and Yuan Shikai still has to play superficial.So, he immediately sent a telegram to persuade him to stay, and gave him leave to recuperate. On the other hand, he sent Secretary-General Liang Shiyi to Tianjin to persuade him to drive, and temporarily appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs Lu Zhengxiang to act as Prime Minister. Superficial articles belong to superficial articles. Tang Shaoyi is not a person who values ​​false face. Whether it is electricity or people, he ignores it and "thinks about mistakes behind closed doors" in Jinmen. The Republic of China implemented a responsible cabinet. If the prime minister resigned, all cabinet members should resign together.Therefore, after Tang stepped down, Cai Yuanpei, chief education officer of the Tongmenghui cabinet members, Song Jiaoren, chief minister of agriculture and forestry, Wang Chonghui, chief justice chief, and Wang Feiting, acting chief minister of industry and commerce (Chen Qimei was not in office), took the lead in submitting their resignations to Yuan Shikai; Lianzhan also submitted his resignation; the three chiefs of the independent internal affairs, army and navy remained silent.President Yuan, on the other hand, agreed to all cabinet members who submitted their resignations; he also kept silent on cabinet members who remained silent. The First Cabinet of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai knew it would be short-lived, so he didn't hold much hope for it.However, he never thought that its life would be less than 60 days, which caught him by surprise.It is not difficult to form a new cabinet. What is difficult is the public opinion in the whole country: Yuan Shikai is incapable of governing the country.What's more, this government is a new type of government after the reunification of the North and the South under the banner of a republic.It died in less than 60 days. What a new type of government! The cabinet was disintegrated and the members of the Tongmenghui resigned. What does this mean? Yuan Shikai couldn't help worrying.Consolation Tang Shaoyi could not live, and Yuan Shikai hypocritically went to comfort Cai Yuanpei and others. It was a dark night, and Yuan Shikai met Cai Yuanpei and others in a quiet small living room. He talked about the situation facing the New Deal with a heavy heart, and then said: "He Qing, how I wish our group could Do something more vigorous than the dynasty, let the people know that the republic is better than the monarchy. But, we, we..." Cai Yuanpei smiled. "President, you should understand that Chinese people don't like to listen only to declarations. They want to look at actions, facts, and whether a republic is better than a monarchy?" "Are we fulfilling our promises?" Yuan Shikai said: " Gotta give us time! Wei Ting can't bear to get together and leave in such a hasty way. In the name of 400 million compatriots, I ask you to stay. " Cai Yuanpei said: "The reason why my generation actively opposed the emperor was because the imperial system brought too many disasters to the Chinese people. The reason why we are enthusiastic about the republic is because the republic can exert the wisdom of more people and build China prosperous and strong. Since The president is not at ease with the cabinet, and I also ask the president to approve our resignation in the name of 400 million compatriots." In this way, those who pretended to stay could not stay, and those who really left raced away. The disintegration of the Tang cabinet was a foregone conclusion, and Lu Zhengxiang did not have to use the name of "agent" for a long time. Therefore, Yuan Shikai submitted to the parliament for formal approval and then appointed. The situation in China is changing suddenly. Almost at the same time as the Tang cabinet fell, the Senate also experienced sudden changes. The speaker Lin Sen has resigned and returned home. Tang Hualong, and the MPs are composed of the Tongmenghui, the United Party headed by Zhang Binglin and Zhang Jian, and the United Republican Party headed by Cai E, with a total of 121 seats. When the Tang cabinet fell, Sun Yat-sen and other leaders of the Tongmenghui decided that members of the Tongmenghui would not participate in the next cabinet, and other small parties could not choose a prime minister.Therefore, when the Senate approved the candidate for prime minister, although members of the League opposed it, all other parties raised their hands in favor, and Lu Zhengxiang's successor prime minister was approved. On June 29, Yuan Shikai issued a letter of appointment as a cabinet premier. The prime minister was selected, but the cabinet members had a difficult delivery.Since the cabinet was changed, all members of the cabinet must be replaced. However, in addition to Lu Zhengxiang, the previous cabinet still had the chiefs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Army, and the Navy in Lianzhan. Only 6 chief ministers were added, and it became a veritable "supplementary cabinet".Even such a supplementary cabinet is in distress-- The six heads to be supplemented are: Finance Minister Zhou Ziqi, Justice Chief Zhang Zongxiang, Education Chief Sun Yuyun, Agriculture and Forestry Chief Wang Renwen, Industry and Commerce Chief Shen Bingkun, and Transportation Chief Hu Weide.Anyone with a discerning eye can see that the six newly added chiefs are naturally all "people in the court" of President Yuan, and they are all from the Beiyang School.Yuan Shikai was also afraid that the group of cabinets would be too eye-catching and he would not be able to pass through, so he called Lu Zhengxiang to the presidential palace, closed the door, put the list in front of him, and said: "Zixin (Lu Zhengxiang, Zixin, Yizuo Zixing), the cabinet list That's it. I think there might be some trouble when it passes the Senate." Lu Zhengxiang has good diplomatic experience, but lacks opinions in internal affairs.He thought that his candidate for prime minister had passed the Senate, what would happen to the other members.Then he said, "I don't think there will be any trouble. Isn't it just to let them raise their hands?" "No!" Yuan Shikai said: "Those people don't just go along with it, they're critical!" Lu Zhengxiang was stunned. "then what should we do?" "As the head of the cabinet, you must have a reasonable, emotional, magnificent and attractive policy speech." Yuan Shikai said: "Use your speech to win the trust of senators. With their trust, they will not challenge trouble." Lu Zhengxiang, a native of Shanghai, graduated from Tongwen University, and served as Minister to the Netherlands and Russia. Although he has passed his forties, he is still very bookish.He felt that "since there is no trouble in communicating with foreigners, what will happen when communicating with our own people?" So he said nonchalantly: "This is easy, refer to international experience, and write a good speech to satisfy them all." That's it." Yuan Shikai also thought that he had been on the diplomatic front for a long time, knew the situation of some western countries, and had a diplomatic mouth, so he would definitely perform a good show.So, he nodded his head. On the day when the Senate was in session, Lu Zhengxiang dressed up and arrived in a carriage. Seeing him coming in, the congressmen thought that he must have special political opinions because he was such a good-looking man and well-dressed, so they all stood up and gave warm applause. Lu Zhengxiang saw the enthusiasm with his eyes, heard the applause with his ears, felt the trust of the Senate in him, and was very happy in his heart.The list of cabinet members that has been drawn up has been handed over early, and he only needs to deliver a speech according to the speech script.Unexpectedly, the new prime minister is only good at English, he is so good at Mandarin, and he can't even speak incoherently at the beginning. After introducing the cabinet members, he said loudly: "If you have a prime minister, you must have state servants. If state servants do not have talent Well, relying on a prime minister alone will never accomplish anything. I am a prime minister, and I am ashamed of my lack of talent. It depends on the selection of capable state servants so that I can work together and not be derelict in my duties. I have already planned several people. Hope you all Solve it impartially. For example, if someone celebrates a birthday, they must first open a menu and choose delicious vegetables, let alone important state servants..." As soon as this remark came out, the audience was surprised.The senators whispered, bewildered. Prime Minister Lu is really making a fool of himself. He compared his cabinet to a menu, as if to show that "my cabinet has everything from radishes, cabbages, and shallots. Just pick what you like. Just throw away what you don't like." What kind of policy speech is this? , It's like inviting someone to a wedding. "Some senators said: "The Republic of China was established in the early days, and a thousand things are waiting to be rebuilt. It depends on a talented prime minister to complete the great cause."How can such a person be a prime minister?" Some senators laughed loudly and said, "Prime Minister Lu is used to Western food, and he is very interested in the menu.I’m from the countryside, and I rarely eat fish. Do you know what to eat?” “I’m afraid it’s the Prime Minister’s birthday, and we’re going to have a birthday party. Let us have a look at the menu first, so we can choose something that suits our tastes!” Lu Zhengxiang could hear and see the discussion and ridicule at the meeting, and he was angry and angry.So, regardless of his face, he put away his speech and hurriedly exited the venue. The senators of the Tongmenghui originally opposed Lu Zhengxiang's appointment as prime minister, and when they saw this, they made a big fuss. "We didn't agree with such a person to be the prime minister, but other monarchs voted for it. Did they all get bought by him!" After such a commotion, senators from other parties also resisted.As a result, when it came time to vote, whether it was new cabinet members or remaining cabinet members, all were rejected by the Senate. All the members of the cabinet were rejected, and the cabinet naturally ceased to be a cabinet.Therefore, after further discussion, the Senate proposed the case of impeachment of the Prime Minister.A message was sent to the presidential palace. Just when Yuan Shikai was complacent about his new cabinet, an impeachment petition was sent to him like a bucket of cold water: "Huh? Who do you want? That's okay!" Yuan Shikai became angry, sitting on a chair, staring at him, making sigh-like "hmm" sounds from his nose, and kept patting the table. Yuan Shikai became angry, always panting heavily and shouting "hmmmm".However, don't think that he faints when he gets angry, and becomes confused when he yells "ummm".he does not.When he yells "hmmm", it is the time when his mind is most active, and it is also the time when he is most "tricky".He "hmm" in his house for a long time, and someone called Duan Zhigui, the commander of the presidential palace guards, to his face. "Do you know what happened in the cabinet?" Yuan Shikai asked him as soon as they met. "I heard." Duan Zhigui said, "It's not the cabinet's fault, it's the Senate." "Yeah." Yuan Shikai nodded and said, "It's the Senate. This Senate..." Duan Zhigui understood, he knew what Yuan Shikai asked him to do. "President, don't worry, I'll have someone make some color for them right away." "Pay attention to the way, don't reveal too much." "understood." Duan Zhigui was an old friend of Yuan Shikai's small station when he was training soldiers. He was originally just a candidate for acquaintance, but he was very good with Yuan Shikai's copywriter Ruan Zhongshu. , Duan was Yuan's son-in-law, and Duan Zhigui became his adopted son at Yuan's knee.When Yuan Shikaihuan came back and led the army to the south, Duan Zhigui became the commander of the front-line army and also the governor of Hubei; Yuan Jinjing became the prime minister.As president, Duan Zhigui was transferred to be the commander of the Gongwei Army.This person is very good at watching Yuan's wink and doing things. When Yuan signaled, he hurried to do it.Therefore, on the second day after the Senate rejected the formation of the cabinet, there was a call in the name of the "Beijing Military and Police Special Union" in Beijing, blaming the senators for "undermining the country's government affairs and disregarding the overall situation"; some people even created rumors, saying that "If the senator dares to mess around again, he will be treated with a pistol"; someone shouted, "resolutely dissolve the Senate."For a time, rumors spread everywhere, and the turmoil and rain made everyone in the senators panic. Duan Zhigui changed Beijing's "climate", and Yuan Shikai's heart was at peace. On the one hand, he ordered people to replace the new cabinet with supplementary cabinet members. He talked about "the military will never interfere in politics", but he manipulated the villains to attack the senator at the banquet.Someone raised a pistol and said, "Tomorrow, if the Senate does not approve the list of supplementary cabinet members, all members will be killed." Sure enough, when the Senate reconvened on July 26, all the cabinet members proposed by Yuan Shikai were approved, and Lu Zhengxiang naturally became his cabinet prime minister. Four The second cabinet of the new government was finally born, and Yuan Shikai breathed a sigh of relief.This person often only cares about the effect and not the means when doing things. It is better to have a cabinet than the president to dance with bare poles.He called Lu Zhengxiang and the cabinet members in front of him, and said everything he should say, as long as he wanted to say.But when it comes time to say "what political affairs the new government will do first", there is nothing to say.Others can't tell the truth, Yuan Shikai hasn't used his brain to think about it yet-he is only busy with the "right position" of the cabinet members.Now that he was in the right position, what to do should be put on the agenda, and he suddenly felt at a loss. "Everyone has their positions. Everyone first thinks about what they should do, and then takes out a list of things to do, and then summarizes. It will be clear what to do." When the cabinet members left, Yuan Shikai was still in turmoil—he must be in turmoil! Yuan Shikai understood that his president was only "temporary".To remove the word "temporary", there must be a procedure and a festival, that is, according to the "Provisional Constitution", the National Assembly must be convened within ten months, and the election of the National Assembly will count.Where is Congress? Right now it's just the Senate.It is a cumbersome process for the Senate to become Congress. Following the path of Western countries, Congress must have a Senate and a House of Representatives.Members of the Senate are elected by the provinces, and members of the House of Representatives are elected by the people of each region on the basis of one for every 800,000 people.This is the choice.Yuan Shikai panicked at the thought of organizing nationwide elections for members of the two houses of parliament: he, the territory under the "unification" of the president, has not yet given him a peaceful environment for him to elect members step by step, and the bottom is still in chaos. After Yuan Shikai took office as interim president, his first move was to disarm in the south.Whose army was cut? Of course not his Beiyang army, but the revolutionary army and the former Qing government army that revolted against the revolutionary army. The downsizing of the army has disturbed the hearts of the people, and so many soldiers have become vagrants, jobless and unemployed, forcing them to plot chaos.As a result, mutinies occurred successively in Suzhou, Nanjing, Wuhu, Hefei, and Chuzhou in the south, and in Jinan and Fengtian in the north. Although they were suppressed by troops, they always caused disasters.However, Hubei, where the revolution was initiated, was overwhelmed. Not only was there a war, but it was also planning independence, and even the armory was robbed.Li Yuanhong sent troops to suppress and suppress, but it was Zhang Zhenwu, deputy director of the Military Affairs Department, and Fang Wei, head of the general school regiment, who were the masterminds.这便引起了北京一场大动杀机-- 黎元洪在湖北，是个没有多大威信的人，尤其是在起义军中，人人都说他是革命党从床底下死拉活拖才出来的，如令当上副总统了，人五人六的，便有些瞧不起他。张振武，武昌起义时是起义军领导人，与孙武，蒋翊武并称"三武"的，更对黎不恭。黎元洪曾把他推到北京去，想让袁世凯控制他，袁世凯给他一个"蒙古调查使"的空衔，想"发配"到边疆，张振武却不去，又回湖北，整顿旧部。裁军事起，他当然情绪抵触。黎元洪便假惺惺地劝他再去北京活动，并说"总统亦望你去蒙古调查"，而且还让方维等3人相随。张振武上当了，他领人去了北京。就在这前后，黎元洪又有密信专送袁世凯。要袁"务必除了张、方二人。" 袁世凯接到黎元洪的密信，心里迷惑不安起来："张振武既然在湖北率兵谋乱，你在湖北杀了他不就完了，怎么又把他推到北京来了?你是想借刀杀人。"这事袁世凯本来是不想干，不愿干的。但是，由于南北方都有兵变，袁世凯正想找个人物、开开杀戒，以示警告，却又怕惹起革命党人反对，才未敢下手。现在，黎元洪想借他的刀杀张振武了，他也想借张振武的头示众。"设或日后革命党人质问起此事，一概推给副总统便是了，现有他的密信可以作证。"袁世凯这么想着，便作了布置。 在袁世凯的"家中"杀一个革命党人，那是易如反掌的事。究意如何杀?袁世凯锁起眉来，久思不定：暗杀不行。天子脚下，杀一个起义将领还要偷偷摸摸，袁世凯不干。明杀，得杀得名正言顺，有根有据。黎元洪的密信可以作据，但是，将置黎于何地?袁世凯忽然又菩萨心肠了，当初除吴禄贞，杀良弼，是何等的利利索索，今天怎么啦? 袁世凯有袁世凯的苦衷：他毕竟是同同盟会，革命党人合作，趁着武昌起义才有今天的，那大总统也是革命党人让给他的。杀革命党的主要领导人会有什么后果，他不能不想想；为黎元洪而杀革命党人，他也不能不衡量衡量得失?然而，袁世凯终归不是革命党的同盟者，从合作的第一天起，他便不打算同他们合作下去，何况，今天的革命党人又在四面八方起来反对他。思来想去，他觉得杀张振武值得。"杀了张振武，今天可以镇摄革命党，明天，便可以排斥副总统黎元洪。一举两得，何乐而不为!" 袁世凯决心已定，便先把冯国璋、段祺瑞和姜桂题找来，如此这般交待一番；又把军政执法处处长陆建章找来，这般如此也交待了一番，并把黎元洪的信交给陆建章，并附发了一份总统令...... 这些天来，最令袁世凯焦急的并不是一个张振武。那样的事只需交待一声就行了。他急的是如何把国会这个摊子拉起来，他得做正儿八经的大总统，没有国会不行；有个不听他指挥的国会还不行。这就难了，他不能去一省一省的选两院议员，得由各省去选。因而，各省的都督便成了关键人物。 袁世凯拿出他这几天和陆征祥、梁士诒等人商量好的各省都督名单，想再认真看看。那是一共22个省的都督人选，有依旧是往日的，有易任的：除了有老北洋之外，也有革命当中的老官僚和革命后的新统领。筛筛选选许多遍了，有的人虽不称心，但再也找不到合适的了，他只打算让他们干着看。果然制肘太甚呢，便想随时更换一下。袁世凯对于这类的省和人，多少心中还是有点数的。他拿出名单，又在一省一省地看，一人一人地审： 直隶都督冯国璋， 奉天都督赵尔巽， 吉林都督陈昭常， 黑龙江都督宋小濂， 江苏都督程德全。 安徽都督柏文蔚...... 他没有看完便把纸掩合起来。他不想看了，这些人在他头脑里反反复复映了许多遍了，就像娶到家的媳妇一样，好赖就是她了。再看，眼都有些累了。 放下，他却又心不静，仿佛这些人中就暗藏着危险分子，剔不出来，就会像东兴楼的暗杀一般扔过来两只炸弹。他又把纸片掀开。当他看到"山西都督阎锡山，广东都督胡汉民、云南都督蔡锷"的名字时，他的目光陡然闪了一下，精神也随之一紧。"这些人......"他感到了危险，可他却又说不了危在何处，险在何方? 这些天，袁世凯太累了。一生中的任何时候他都不曾这样夜以继日的连续操劳。东兴楼前扔下的炸弹，使他躲进了陆军部的地窖，但他夜间可以舒坦坦地睡个好觉。中南海的居仁堂虽然比陆军部的地窖更安全，他却怎么样也静不下心来。他不是因为作了国主忧国忧民，他是感到了树大招风，峰高险大，怕因为总统连命一起丢了。 袁世凯心神不定之际大儿子袁克定进来了。他走到老爹面前没有说话，站立着，只把两只眼睛投向老爹面前那张名单。 "这几天你到哪里去了?"袁世凯嗡声嗡气地问："昨儿让人找你，竟是找不着。" "没到哪里去。"袁克定说："娘这几天身子不好，我不敢出去。"袁克定是夫人于氏生的。于氏生了袁克定之后便跟袁世凯成了"牌位"夫人。当年，袁世凯若不是接生母刘氏到官任上来才把她捎出来，只怕这位于氏夫人要老死项城了。人是出来了，夫妻名份却只剩下"名份"了。但是，袁世凯却在表面上对她很尊敬，无论是在济南，在天津，还是在洹上村、在中南海，也无论是忙闲，他每隔5-7天总要到她的房中，问一声"夫人好!"站片刻，才离去。而于氏，也恭恭敬敬地回一声"大人好!"然后送行。儿子说夫人病了，袁世凯自然免不了问慰几句，说："让医生看了吗?可到宫中御医房去请个医生取点好药。" "去了。药业经服过了。"袁克定说："娘的身体已经大安了，我才过来的。" "外边听到什么事情了吗?" "没有听到什么事情。"袁克定说："大爷，这几天，我在娘身边守着，忽然想起了一件事，感到很是不安，想说给大爷听听。" 袁世凯没有马上问他，只给一个侧窥的目光--这段时间来，袁克定常常用这种方式给老爹出一些"奇计"，有真奇的，也有假奇的；有令老爹高兴的，也有令老爹摇头的：袁世凯不去南方任大总统，儿子就起了莫大的作用。但清帝退位的时候，袁克定三番五次建议老爹"将过去与咱们对立的清室王公大臣，均治罪处死，对溥仪左右亲信的人员一律流放黑龙江，永不叙用"，袁世凯就认为"不是个好主意"，说"那样做恐遭众议"，而作罢。这次又是什么主意?袁世凯想听听。 袁克定知道老爹的性格，默不作声便是默认，愿意听。于是，这位大公子便放开胆子地说："大爷，现在，你已到极位了，要图大业，必确保兵权。我想，咱们最好先培养训练军队中的核心骨干力量，把北洋派在全国的军中骨干人员集中起来，加以训练，使之达到君臣、师生一体化的程度，一切听从指挥。" 其实，儿子这意见并不新鲜，早年皇族在军队中搞的德国那一套"强杆弱枝"就是。但是，袁世凯今天听来，却动了心。这不是别的原因，是近来袁世凯觉察到陆军总长段祺瑞有点儿桀骜不训，心中颇为疑惧。所以，儿子的话说到点子上去了，他马上点头说："可以试试，可以试试。"于是，父子俩把各省都督的事暂的放下，聚精会神地研究起军队的了。 湖北军务司副司长张振武在将校团团长方维等人陪同下到了北京，先后受到直隶都督冯国璋，陆军总长段祺瑞等人的轮番盛情款待，淮军老将姜桂题还邀约了北方军人联名发起召开南北胞泽大会，热烈欢迎张等的到京。张振武被这种热情冲昏了，他在北京著名的六国饭店宴请参议院中的同盟会、共和党两党议员，以表明期望南北一家，完成革命大业。哪里料到，次日一大早，张振武、方维等人便被警方逮捕。当日逮捕，当天便由军政执法处处长陆建章亲自审问，当庭判处二人死刑，立即执行。一场非法杀害武昌起义有功人员的行动，迅雷不及掩耳地发生了。 Fives 张振武被杀的消息倾刻传遍南北。案件发生在北京，又是以军政执法处名义，人们自然认定是袁世凯干的。张、方二人均是同盟会员，于是，有些舆论便说："袁世凯开始杀革命党人，要为清朝皇帝报仇了。"这时，在北京的湖北另外两武--孙武和蒋翊武，即亲到总统府见袁，要求发给"免死证"；上海同盟会即由黄兴出面，打电报质问袁世凯："杀人要有证据，张、方二人真有罪，请政府拿出真凭实据来。"北京方面，同盟会参议员张伯烈等也提出质问案，要袁世凯拿出张、方的罪证。一时间，举国轰动，南北声张。 袁世凯不慌张，他知道自己第一个目的--镇摄革命党人--达到了，现在该实现第二个目的--给黎元洪点眼色看看--了。于是，他把黎元洪给他的密信原文公布出来，然后，轻描淡写地公诸了这样一段文字： 查张振武既经立功于前，自应始终策励，以成全人。乃披阅黎副总统电陈各节，竞渝初心，反对建设，破坏共和，以及方维同恶相济。本总统一再思维、诚如副总统所谓爱既不能，忍又不可，若事姑容，何以慰烈士之英魂?不得已即着步军统领军政执法处长，遵照办理。 袁世凯不仅把杀害张、方二人之责任一古脑儿全推给了黎元洪，并且发给张、方二人遗属各3000元优抚金，还对随张、方来京的其他人员各给千元川资、令其回籍。 袁世凯这么一做，对准他的舆论抨击，一下子都转向了黎元洪。这个素以"忠厚长者"、"和平天使"的副总统，一下子成了最狡滑的政治阴谋家，最凶恶的刽子手。 黎元洪"灰"了，丑了。尽管他的刀笔饶汉祥又为他撰了洋洋数千言的长电列举张、方的罪证，同时也表示"其功不可没"而给予厚葬、厚抚，可是，终被人认为是鳄鱼的眼泪，是一副藏着刀的笑除。 黎元洪也是个会做戏的人，伪善面目被揭穿后，舆论又无法挽回，便装模作样的引昝辞去湖北都督之职并请裁撤副总统职，但却又怕真的把本兼各职都丢了，又指使湖北军官发通电挽留......最后，这场风波在同盟会让步的情况下，总算不了了之。 一场戏谢幕了，一场戏又敲响了开台锣鼓，于是，许许多多人又得进入角色-- 在临时大总统位置上的袁世凯，天地问给他的舞台太大了，他生怕冷落了上帝，总在自己的"节目单"上排得满满的。杀死张振武的事件尚来平息，他又在导演一幕文戏--他要在北京举行一次党政首脑会议，来讨论一番民国成立后要办的大事情。盛世太平，枪刀入库，不搞建设干什么呢?何况，历来用厮杀手段夺取政权的人，坐了大位之后最怕的便是厮杀再起。为了不让别人对他厮杀，他会不择手去厮杀那些不安份分子，包括和他同一条战线上的战友。于是，袁世凯的热情洋溢邀请电报，在张振武的血迹未干时，便送到了孙中山、黄兴和黎元洪手中。 袁世凯真的在忧国忧民吗?他是这么说的，可是，却不是这么想，更不打算这么做的。什么党政首脑会议?孙中山早作了声明，同盟会革命党不参政了，连总统都让出了，还想干什么?黎元洪，本来就是一个傀儡、晃子，张振武事件之后立足地都没有了，还有什么政治资本?只是袁世凯这个是临时政府在国人心中尚不光彩，而在同盟会等一些政治派别的人物面前不能把腰杆挺直，袁世凯不得不找点支撑。 电报发出之后，袁世凯在他居仁堂的小客厅中燃起雪茄，仰在太师椅上，一边吐云喷雾，一边遐想联翩--梦做得美极了：袁世凯预感到孙中山、黄兴不会冒然来北京与他"共商国事"，张振武是革命党人，武昌起义首领之一，在北京被杀了。无论什么理由，一个革命党的头人被杀了，其余革命党人不能不有所震憾和疑虑。袁世凯坚定的自语："孙中山不敢冒险来北京!"因为，当初他不敢冒然去南京就是这种形势。那时候，他还是去就任临时大总统呢!袁世凯喷了一团雾，笑了："果然孙中山、黄兴都不来，我便可以记下他们这一笔账，作为同盟会无诚意合作的证据，日后我便有了讨伐的借口。"不过，袁世凯也不是太自信，他同时又想到孙中山会来北京。他仍然笑了："他们果然来了，表明我们的合作很好，中国真正统一了。这样，既可以争取各国承认，又可以压制同盟会中一些急进派，让他们谁也不敢再闹下去。"袁世凯太会利用形势，太会打算盘了，都是打着"对我生财"。 谢了临时大总统职务的孙中山，已经在沿海各省游历，考查许多日子了，到处受到欢迎，他自己也觉得能把中国的实业抓起，也算平生一大幸事。中国不就是实业太落后才屡受外夷侵略么。实业兴旺发达了，外国人也得令眼相待。孙先生兴致勃勃地刚刚回到上海，便接到袁世凯的电报。他心中一惊："袁项城邀我去磋商建设大计?与我共商......?"孙先生锁起眉，沉思了。 孙中山并未与袁世凯晤过面，说不出相知。但是，孙先生对袁世凯其人，还是了知的，他那一张"升官阁"孙先生心里有数。只是，孙先生并非鸡肠小肚，他的目光总放在国家、民族的荣辱兴衰上。武昌举事之后，袁世凯能够按兵不动，南北议和，能够在推翻封建王朝、驱除鞑虏事情上出一把力，做一些中国百姓还高兴的事情，孙先生不仅谅解了袁世凯，而且一直把他当成英雄看待，并且把临时大总统的位置再三拱手相让。现在，新政刚建，百废待兴，"袁世凯真的在忧国家之忧、忧人民之忧吗?果真那样，我到是可以去北京，同他畅谈国家大事。" 孙先生决定"复电袁世凯，不日北上!" 孙先生身边的同盟会同志听说他要应袁之邀北上，纷纷劝阻， 认为袁不怀好意，不能冒险人虎穴。黄兴也说："袁慰庭已经开了杀戒，下一步他想干什么?一时还摸不准，我看不可冒然前往。要不，就派几位同志作你的代表，探索一下再说。" 孙先生摇着头说："不，无论袁世凯怎么想，我们务以诚恳态度相待。政权已经交出去了，合作共事就应该维持下去，争取有个好的结局。" "这太危险了。"黄兴说："我看还是要十分慎重。否则......""你们的意思我明白，"孙中山说："是怕袁世凯杀了我。""防人之心不可无!" "我个人早把生死置之度外了。"孙先生坦然地说："袁项城有可能杀了我。那样做了，他就彻底完蛋了。那是他自己把自己推到四万万同胞的敌对席上去的，四万万同胞会给他做出一个恰当的结论。如果我一个人的头颅会换来全国同胞的觉醒，那是值得的。我的去志已定，同志们不必再劝。" 黄兴见孙先生态度如此坚决，便说，"那好，我也决定去北京。孙先生先走，我随后便到。" 孙中山北上的电报几乎是在他动身的同时发出的。袁世凯先是不相信，他认为是他的属下人耍的一个花招；当他确信了之后，他又感到十分惊讶!往日，孙先生电邀他率领文臣武将到南京去就任临时大总统，他竞惊慌得不知所措，竟然不惜发动了一场兵变，才搪塞过去。而今，孙先生只身一人，竟敢离开自己的根据地，毅然到他袁世凯的天地中来，这种气魄，袁世凯便感到自己远远不如孙中山。他不得不把种种非非之想收藏起来，用一种隆重的方式去欢迎孙先生。 为了迎接孙中山，他把自己所乘的金漆朱轮马车重新装饰了， 黄缎子窗幔和椅垫，连驾者、马匹、卫队人员通通更换装束，并令北京全城市民家家悬挂国旗，中山先生所经的街巷，军警警戒；自前门车站至孙先生下榻的石大人胡同，组织成千上万北京市民，手持旗帜夹道欢迎，待孙中山以大总统之礼。 从火车上走下来的孙中山，见两旁人山人海、拥拥挤挤，心中一惊，不知要发生什么事情?当各界人士纷纷投递名册，表示欢迎时。他才明白。便拱起手来，频频向两旁人群致谢! 孙先生是1912年8月24日到达北京的，时令虽是新秋，酷暑依然未消。孙先生