Chapter 18 (18) Jiangdong Foundation

Heroes Lu Su and Zhuge Liang saw the same thing, they both advocated "unification after three divisions", and both regarded the occupation of Jingzhou as the first step to realize their group hegemony and imperial career.However, when Sun Quan was ready to implement this plan when he was full-fledged, he was opposed by Jiangdong veteran Zhang Zhao.Why did Zhang Zhao oppose Sun Quan's attack on Jingzhou?How did Sun Quan make the final decision?Please pay attention to it - Jiangdong Foundation. Zhuge Liang's "Longzhong Dui" stated that the Sun Wu Group "can be used for aid but not for profit", while Lu Su's version of "Longzhong Dui" even believed that they could "establish the title of emperor to map the world".In fact, the Jiangdong Group headed by Sun Quan has become an indispensable part of the future Three Kingdoms through the accumulation of father and brother III.So, what kind of regime is this?What are their political intentions and lines?

Professor Yi Zhongtian of Xiamen University is a guest on "Hundreds of Lectures" to reveal the mystery of the rise of Jiangdong Group for you. "Jiangdong Foundation" is currently being broadcast, so stay tuned! In the last episode, we left a question, that is, in the thirteenth year of Jian'an, Gan Ning repeated the old saying and made a suggestion to Sun Quan to immediately attack Huang Zu and take Jingzhou further, so that Bashu may become ours in the future Yes, the first step is to destroy Huang Zu.But Sun Quan's chief counselor, Sun Quan's secretary-general Zhang Zhao, objected, and Zhang Zhao and Gan Ning started arguing.So how did Sun Quan express his position?Xingba is the name of Gan Ning, and the ancients called it a sign of respect. Sun Quan took a glass of wine and said to Gan Ning: Xingba, the matter of destroying Huang Zu is like this glass of wine. I entrust it to you, so that you can do it yourself. ,return with glory.Then why did Sun Quan make such a statement?Why did he support Gan Ning in his crusade against Huang Zu?This starts with the rise of the Sun Quan Group.

We also call the Sun Quan group the Jiangdong Group. What is Jiangdong?We know that the Yangtze River basically flows from west to east, but the section of the Yangtze River between Wuhu and Nanjing flows northward. The ancients on the east and west sides of this section of the river called Jiangdong and Jiangxi, and our current Hunan Province It is called Jiangnan, which means that Jiangnan in the Three Kingdoms era is not the place in Suzhou, but our current Hunan. The Jiangdong Group is a local government that is divided into one side. Its founder is Sun Jian, its founder is Sun Ce, and it is Sun Quan who developed and made it an independent country.Sun Jian's name is Wentai, and the history books say that he is after Sun Wu, which is unreliable, and it is said that his family has served Wu for generations, which is probably reliable.Sun Jian has been very courageous since he was a child. Once he and his father went out on a boat and came to a place to dock. They found that many boats on the river dared not dock. Why?Because there's a gang of robbers on the pier dividing up the spoils.At that time, Sun Jian was seventeen years old. He stood on the bow and looked at it, and said that this group of thieves can be killed!He went ashore with a knife in his hand, and after he landed, he pointed and swiped.The robber looked at it and said, oh, the officers and soldiers are here, this young man is a commander, and he is giving orders, why do you take the back road here?The robbers put down the stolen goods and dispersed in a hurry. Sun Jian picked up the knife and ran away. After catching up with one, he chopped off his head.Then this incident became a sensation, and after the sensation, the local government appointed him as a county captain, that is, the deputy county-level public security bureau chief, and later he was promoted to the county magistrate, that is, the deputy county magistrate.But it was after Dong Zhuo's rebellion that everyone in the world knew about Sun Jian.

We know that Dong Zhuo caused chaos in Luoyang at that time, and Yuan Shao and Cao Cao formed the Kwantung Allied Forces to attack Dong Zhuo. At this time, Sun Jian had already served as the prefect of Changsha, and he also raised troops to attack Dong Zhuo. However, his status was still relatively low at this time, so he still took refuge. Yuan Shu, as a general under Yuan Shu's command.We know that after the formation of the Kwantung Allied Forces, it was Hijijiu Gaohui, and they did not try to make progress. Only two people went to fight Dong Zhuo, one was Cao Cao, who was defeated after a fight, and the other was Sun Jian.Sun Jian was invincible, triumphant all the way, he killed whoever stood in his way, killed many people along the way, fought all the way to Luoyang, and killed Dong Zhuo's general Hua Xiong, so it is made up to say that Guan Yu warmed wine and killed Hua Xiong Hua Xiong was killed by Sun Jian.

Two things happened at this time. One was Yuan Shu, who was narrow-minded. Seeing that Sun Jian was so powerful, he was afraid that Sun Jian would detain Sun Jian's rations in the future if he did not obey his command.After Sun Jian got the news, he ran a hundred miles overnight to see Yuan Shu. Sun Jian said: "General, please think about it. I, Sun Jian, and Dong Zhuo have no grievances in the past and future generations. Why should I take such a big risk to attack Dong Zhuo?" ——Serve the country at the top, and reward the general at the bottom, because General Yuan, your family has been killed by Dong Zhuo, I am avenging you, why do you still not trust Sun Jian?Yuan Shu said I'm sorry, but I'll give you the military rations.The second thing is that Dong Zhuo was afraid, so Dong Zhuo sent someone to find Sun Jian and said that we would stop fighting, how about we get married, let's be a son and daughter.What did Sun Jian say, and said: You, Dong Zhuo, are the number one national thief in the world. I wish I could take your head and tour all over the country.Dong Zhuo was terrified when he heard this, hijacked the emperor, hijacked all the officials, burned Luoyang, and fled to Xi'an.This is Sun Jian, a well-deserved hero in troubled times.

Sun Jian is known as the "Tiger of the East of the Yangtze River". He was born as a county magistrate, started by suppressing the Yellow Turban Uprising, and was already the prefect of Changsha when the eighteen princes crusade against Dong Zhuo.Sun Jian was brave and resourceful, and even Dong Zhuo didn't dare to underestimate him at the time. Unfortunately, he followed the wrong person and followed the narrow-minded Yuan Shu. Only 37 years old.Therefore, the 18-year-old eldest son Sun Ce took over Sun Jian's unfinished business, and the Sun Ce in the movie is an image of haste and lack of planning. So is the Sun Ce in history really such a person?What did Sun Ce rely on to inherit his father's career?

Sun Ce was a young hero. People in Wu at that time called Sun Ce and Zhou Yu of the same age as Sun Lang and Zhou Lang, that is, handsome Sun and handsome Zhou.The prefect of Wu County, Xu Gong, wrote to the court saying that Sun Ce was very brave, just like Xiang Yu back then, so Sun Ce got a nickname, "Little Overlord". What does "Little Overlord" mean?Little Xiang Yu.But in my opinion, Sun Ce is cuter than Xiang Yu. I read history books to be honest, and I didn’t find much cuteness in Xiang Yu. Later, Xiang Yu was sympathized and liked by people. I think there is a very important reason because they don’t like him Liu Bang, Liu Bang is too rogue, so he sympathizes with Xiang Yu who was defeated by Liu Bang.In my opinion, Sun Ce is cuter than Xiang Yu. Sun Ce is very beautiful, and he also likes to be beautiful. The saying in history books is called "beauty and beauty".His second characteristic is that he has a good personality, which is called "funny language", and he likes to tell jokes. Whether it is a scholar or an ordinary person, they all like Sun Ce very much when they see him, and they are willing to die for him, which shows the charm of his personality.

The difference between Sun Ce and Xiang Yu is that he is good at employing people. Everyone who has heard me talk about the influential figures in the Han Dynasty knows that an important reason for Xiang Yu's failure is that he can't employ people. Liu Bang made a summary later, saying that Xiang Yu was only Fan Zeng, He still doesn't know how to use it. How can he not fail?But Sun Ce is very good at employing people. Sun Ce has many talents under his command. Of course, some of them were left by his father, such as Cheng Pu and Huang Gai, but he also recruited and attracted some talents, such as Let's say Zhou Yu, let's say Zhang Zhao.Zhang Zhao was a man of great literary talent and ability, and he could write well, so Zhang Zhao went to Sun Ce, and Sun Ce made him the secretary-general, and entrusted Zhang Zhao with military affairs and government affairs.So even to this extent at that time, those literati, scholar-bureaucrats, and famous scholars in the north only knew that there was a Zhang Zhao in Jiangdong, but did not know that there was a Sun Ce in Jiangdong, and they always attributed these credits to Zhang Zhao when they wrote to Jiangdong.Zhang Zhao was nervous when he received the letter. What should we do about this matter?I showed these letters to him, as if I was showing off myself, and if I kept it to Sun Ce without saying a word, then I couldn't explain it clearly, as if I had personal ambitions and it was very embarrassing.

Sun Ce laughed when he found out, and Sun Ce said, "Do you know Duke Huan of Qi?"Back then, Duke Huan of Qi entrusted all military affairs and government affairs to Guan Zhong, and he called Guan Zhong Father Zhong, that is, uncle. When his subordinates went to Duke Huan of Qi to ask for instructions on work, Duke Huan of Qi said you should ask my uncle, and then come to ask for instructions on work, he said You go ask my uncle.There was a person next to him saying that Duke Huan of Qi had become Duke Huan. One told Zhongfu, and the other told Zhongfu. Is it easy for the king?If you have anything to ask, you can ask Guan Zhong. If you have anything to ask Guan Zhong, it is too easy for you to be a king, right?What did Duke Huan of Qi say? It is easy and easy to be a king, but it is also difficult to say that it is difficult. It was very difficult for me before Zhongfu, but it is not difficult for me after Zhongfu.He said that the monarch has difficulties and difficulties, and there are labors and leisure. What is the labor?Lao is looking for someone, where is the monarch's hard work?He is working hard to find talents, and once he finds talents, he is at ease.After Sun Ce told the story to the people around him, he also said to Zhang Zhao: "One is Zhongfu, the other is Zhongfu, and Duke Huan is the overlord's clan. Today's son promulgates virtuous people. I can use him, and his fame is not alone. Me?" So Duke Huan of Qi achieved hegemony, Zhang Zhao is my father Zhong, and Zhang Zhao is my Guan Zhong, so if I have Zhang Zhao, don't I have any credit?Am I not famous?Laughing, very generous, very smart.You need to know what is the most fearful thing for a minister?His meritorious deeds overshadowed the Lord, or to be precise, he was most afraid of being considered as overachiever, especially afraid of being considered by his monarch as his overlord.Because we know that many people kill meritorious officials, one of the reasons is that the meritorious service is so great that there is no reward.And Sun Ce knew very well that in order to achieve a career, he must have talents to assist him, and to let these talents do their best, they must relieve their ideological burden.So this story, Sun Ce, is like telling everyone that there is no need to be afraid of being overshadowed by my achievements. I am not afraid of your high achievements, and you will not be able to overshadow me, so he is very generous and smart.

Then such a style makes Sun Ce, a young hero, full of heroism and charm, and also makes him cherish each other with other heroes, such as Tai Shici.Tai Shici was originally Liu Yao's subordinate, and Liu Yao fought with Sun Ce.Once they met on a narrow road, Sun Ce brought thirteen people with him, and Tai Shici had only one person, so do you dare to single-handedly fight with me?Practice alone, okay!The two began to fight, and when they met hand-to-hand, it developed to almost hand-to-hand combat. At this time, Sun Ce was quick and pulled Tai Shici's halberd off his back. Tai Shici was also quick, and took off Sun Ce's helmet. They had such an encounter, and of course the two separated after the big troops came.Then in a later battle, Taishi Ci became Sun Ce's prisoner. When Sun Ce heard that Taishi Ci had been captured, he stepped forward to untie Taishi Ci himself, and then took him by the hand and said, "Brother Taishi Ci, we are here again." Meet me, let me ask you a question, what would happen if I were your prisoner?Tai Shici said: "That's hard to say, it's not necessarily true."Sun Ce laughed: "Okay, okay, let's not fight anymore, let's cooperate, it's a big deal."So from then on, Tai Shici became one of Sun Ce's generals. Tai Shici is a hero. Even Cao Cao wanted Tai Shici very much. At that time, Cao Cao sent Tai Shici a package, and Tai Shici opened it. It is packed with traditional Chinese medicine. Guess what it is?Angelica, it was time to come back, but Tai Shici followed Sun Ce all the time, and later assisted Sun Quan.

Sun Ce is known as the little overlord, and he is very brave in battle, but he is not hasty and resourceful as described in the book.Mr. Yi Zhongtian believes that Sun Ce in history was a hero who was not afraid of great achievements and was very confident. He gathered important Jiangdong officials such as Zhou Yu and Zhang Zhao, which laid a good network for the development of Jiangdong Foundation. Base.In addition, what are the advantages and disadvantages of Sun Ce? In addition to self-confidence, Sun Ce's strengths are politics. There are two things that can explain Sun Ce's politics.The first one is that when Yuan Shu proclaimed himself emperor, Sun Ce and Yuan Shu fell out.We know that Sun Jian was originally Yuan Shu's subordinate, so after Sun Ce inherited his father, he also belonged to Yuan Shu. It should be said that Yuan Shu treated him well, but only okay, not very good, after all, he was regarded as Yuan Shu's old department.But when Yuan Shu declared himself emperor, Sun Ce immediately severed his ties with Uncle Yuan.Of course, there are also personal grievances in it, because Yuan Shu is a man who doesn't mean anything, and made many wishes to Sun Ce to be an official, but he didn't fulfill them afterwards, and Sun Ce had resentment.In addition, Sun Ce's opposition to Yuan Shu's proclaiming emperor may not necessarily be due to his loyalty to the Han Dynasty. We have to make this clear.However, Sun Ce was able to follow Yuan Shu without any confusion, which shows that he has a political mind, which is the first point. The second point is that after Cao Cao served the emperor to order him not to be a minister, Sun Ce also had the same idea, that is, when Cao Cao and Yuan Shao were fighting in Guandu, Sun Ce was planning to attack Xudu and welcome the emperor. However, although Sun Ce is a hero, he also has problems. What are the problems?Two problems, one is that he likes to kill people, and the other is that he wants to save face.These two are quite similar to Xiang Yu.It is said that there was a hermit named Gao Dai in Jiangdong at that time. This man was full of knowledge and knowledge, and Sun Ce wanted him to discuss "Zuo Zhuan", so he invited him out.At this time, a villain appeared out of nowhere, and this villain went to Sun Ce and said, "Gao Dai is very arrogant. He thinks you are a martial artist, general, and not a man of culture. He has no knowledge, so he doesn't bother to talk to you." What academic issues are being discussed, you see, when you ask him when he comes, he will definitely say he doesn't know.Then this guy ran to Gao Dai again and said: You have to pay attention, Sun Ce is a person who wants to save face. He hates people overwhelming him when discussing issues with him. He speaks better than him, so when you see him, you just say no. Know.That's bad enough, after Sun Ce invited Gao Dai here to discuss academic issues, Gao Dai said he didn't know, and asked again, but he didn't know, and asked another question, I don't know, Sun Ce was furious, you really look down on me , Disdain to discuss issues with me, shut up!This is a big deal, almost all those cultural people, those celebrities, and those scholar-bureaucrats came out to intercede. Sun Ce went upstairs and looked down. The alley was filled with darkness, and it was all people, Sun Ce. Thinking, there are so many "fans" of Gao Dai, it's okay, kill him, kill Gao Dai, for his face, kill someone who shouldn't be killed. In fact, Sun Ce died in this place in the end. Didn’t I say that Xu Gong, the prefect of Wujun, wrote to the court, saying that he was Xiao Xiang Yu? Xu Gong also said later that people like this must be controlled, so I suggest the court Call Sun Ce to the capital to monitor him, and don't let him do evil outside.After Sun Ce got the news, he killed Xu Gong. After Xu Gong was killed, his disciples wanted to avenge their master. Once when Sun Ce was out hunting, these assassins assassinated Sun Ce.Well, according to some other historical records, it was said that Sun Ce's face was scratched at that time, and no vital parts were hurt. After the doctor came to see him, he told Sun Ce, I will put some plaster on you and rest for a hundred days. It can be cured, and there is no danger of life.But as we said earlier, Sun Ce is handsome Sun, beautiful and beautiful, he is going to look in the mirror, and when he looks in the mirror, his face is pasted. Think about our ancient plasters. I asked why I became like this, and finally said this sentence: "With such a face, can I still make contributions?" Even if my face has become like this, can I still make contributions?With a loud roar, the wound ruptured, bleeding continued, and he died that night.What is it called?Save face.Oops, so sometimes handsome guys can be troublesome too. Taking advantage of the battle between Yuan Shao and Cao Cao at Guandu, Sun Ce was also planning to attack Xudu. If it succeeded, it would be Sun Ce, not Cao Cao, who assisted the emperor to command the princes.But he died before leaving the army. Before attacking Xudu, Sun Ce was murdered by an assassin at the age of 26.Although his life was short, Chen Shou commented in "Records of the Three Kingdoms": "Separating Jiangdong is the foundation of policy", so what contribution did Sun Ce make to Jiangdong Group?How does Mr. Yi Zhongtian evaluate Sun Ce? Mr. Chen Erdong once commented on Sun Ce, saying that he is a dutiful son, a good wife, and an elder brother, that is to say, he is a good son, a good husband, and a good brother. Why? ?We know that Sun Ce likes to kill people for the sake of face. At that time, he wanted to kill a man named Wei Teng for the sake of face. At this time, his mother found out, and his mother walked to the side of a well and said: Son, you kill people like this. One day our family will be wiped out, instead of my mother watching you kill people like this, why don't I jump in now, as long as you kill Wei Teng, I will jump in.Sun Ce said: Mom, don't jump, I let Wei Teng go.So this can be regarded as a filial son. When Sun Ce and Zhou Yu were twenty-four years old, they married the beauties Da Qiao and Xiao Qiao at the time, and Sun Ce told Zhou Yu that although Miss Da Qiao and Miss Xiao Qiao lived in troubled times and were displaced, they It is quite happy to have the two of us as husbands!So Mr. Chen said that this should be considered a good couple. When Sun Ce's father Sun Jian died, he himself was eighteen years old, and his younger brother Sun Quan was eleven years old, and he had two younger brothers under him.Sun Ce entrusted his mother, child, and younger brother to a friend, and brought his second younger brother, Sun Quan, who was eleven years old, to inherit his father's career, saying that he wiped away the blood, buried the body, and went to the battlefield again.Moreover, Sun Quan was brought by his side all the time, influenced by his ears and eyes, which made Sun Quan grow very fast in politics and military affairs, and left Sun Quan with a good foundation. This should be regarded as a good brother. But Mr. Chen said that he was so young, and Sun Ce died at the age of 26. Letting his old mother send a man with white hair to a man with black hair, this is not a good son, and making Miss Qiao a widow at a young age, this cannot be regarded as a good son. Good husband, after all the calculations, I have to count him as a good brother. In fact, as I said, he should be regarded as a good leader, he should be said to be a good leader of Jiangdong Group.Because he laid the foundation of the Jiangdong Group, and he pacified the six counties of Jiangdong, so when Chen Shou wrote his biography for him, he said something like this: "Separating Jiangdong is the foundation of strategy", he laid down the country, He has done in seven or eight years what others can accomplish in a lifetime, and he is indeed a hero.The second point of his being a good leader of Jiangdong Group is that he has found a good successor.At that time, Sun Ce knew that he was dying, and he wanted to find a successor for himself to pass on his legacy. At that time, people like Zhang Zhao thought that he would choose the third child, and the third child was called Sun Yi. Why?The third child is like him, and the third child is simply a little Sun Ce. The saying in the history books is "Fighting and powerful, there is a brother's style", which means that he has the legacy of Sun Ce.According to the traditional Chinese political rules, successors always want to be like themselves. When we look at the emperor's edicts, they often say that the emperor is so-and-so, deeply Xiaozhen, what does this Xiao mean?It means like, not the filial piety of filial piety, that is, he is very similar to me, very similar to Zhen, so pass it on to him.So according to this practice, everyone thought that they must also pick someone like him, but they didn't expect that Sun Ce chose Sun Quan, and Sun Quan was very different from his brother Sun Ce. But it turns out that Sun Ce's choice is correct. Let's look at two facts.The first one, among the three giants of Wei, Shu, and Wu, Sun Quan has the longest life span. Sun Quan is 71 years old, Cao Cao is 66 years old, and Liu Bei is 58 years old.The second point is that among the three regimes of Wei, Shu, and Wu, Wu's life span is the longest. How many years?Fifty-one years; how long has Wei existed?Forty-six years; how long has the Kingdom of Shu existed?Forty-two years.That is to say, among the three families of Wei, Shu, and Wu, the Soochow regime is the most stable. One of the reasons is that Sun Ce chose a good successor. It is said that Sun Ce called Zhang Zhao and others that night and said something like this: "China is in chaos. The people of Wu and Yue, and the solidity of the three rivers are enough to judge success or failure. The public is kind to my younger brother." Here The China mentioned refers to the Central Plains. The Central Plains is in chaos. Our place can be relatively stable and the success or failure of the world. Please help my brother well.Then he called Sun Quan, handed his seal and ribbon to Sun Quan, and said: "The people in the east of the river will decide between the two battles, and compete with the world. You are not as good as me; you can appoint talents and talents, and each will do his best. Bao Jiangdong, I am not as good as Qing." That is to lead an army to fight the world, my brother is not as good as my brother; unite my subordinates, consolidate the existing victories, my brother is not as good as you.Then the meaning of this passage is very clear. Sun Ce not only chose a successor for himself, but also left an established policy for governing the Jiangdong area, which is to protect Jiangdong and observe success or failure.In other words, Sun Ce is very clear that his historical mission is to conquer the country, and with the strength of his Jiangdong Group, the country that can be conquered is only so big. The next step is to adjust the policy and change from offensive to conservative, so he must find an old minister to seek the country. He is a person who is not in a hurry or haste, appoints talents and appoints talents, and enables all talents to do their best. Facts have proved that Sun Ce's decision is correct. Therefore, the basic strategy of the Jiangdong Group is to defend, but there are also two kinds of law-abiding, one is called "holding the handicap and defending the deficiency", and the other is "defense with offense".Well, it was precisely on this issue that the Jiangdong Group was divided into two factions. One faction headed by Zhang Zhao advocated sticking to it and not causing trouble. We call it the dove faction; In order to defend, rely on offense to maintain the established results, we might as well call this the hawk.On the surface, Sun Quan strikes a balance between the hawks and the doves, but in his heart he tends to be the hawks. Only when we understand this can we understand the decisions Sun Quan will make during the Battle of Chibi in the future.But at this moment, Sun Quan made a final decision, saying Gan Ning, you should go and beat Huang Zu, this task is like this glass of wine, and it is handed over to you.Then in the thirteenth year of Jian'an, this year, the Sun Quan Group has already pointed the finger at Jingzhou, and in the same year, Cao Cao also pointed his finger at Jingzhou, and inside Jingzhou, Liu Bei was also attacking Jingzhou because of Zhuge Liang's plan , Jingzhou has become a sheep in the eyes of a group of tigers and wolves, so what happened to Jingzhou?Please see the next episode - the must fight.