Chapter 6 The first section returns to Tian Heng's island

On January 20, 1949, Fu Sinian officially took office as the president of National Taiwan University.Huang Deshi, a professor of the Chinese Department of National Taiwan University at that time, admired Fu's reputation and asked him to write a few words as a souvenir.Fu Sinian, who still regarded himself and was proud of being a scholar of Qilu, wrote a short "Return to Tianheng Island" as a gift.When everyone saw it, they suddenly felt sad, and they didn't expect that the words would become a prophecy.After arriving in Taiwan, Fu Sinian still served as the director of the Institute of History and Philology of the "Academia Sinica" that moved with him, but his main energy was devoted to the construction and reform of National Taiwan University.

National Taiwan University, formerly known as Taipei Imperial University, is a comprehensive university established by Japan in 1928 after the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1998 when Japan occupied Taiwan and established it. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, Taiwan returned to China.At that time, the national government sent Luo Zongluo, director of the Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, to Taiwan to take over the school and renamed it "National Taiwan University", with Luo as the president.At this time, National Taiwan University was struggling financially, and Luo Zongluo, who had just taken office, felt dizzy from the pain, so he quickly returned to Shanghai and became the director of his Institute of Botany.After that, the Nationalist government successively appointed Lu Zhihong, a professor of Central University, and Zhuang Changgong, a researcher of the Peking Research Institute, as the presidents of National Taiwan University. Both of them resigned due to the indifference of the local governor and various difficulties in the school.When Fu Sinian was in charge of National Taiwan University, he was already the fourth president after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. At this time, the Kuomintang retreated, and Taiwan was in a period of great turmoil, chaos, and loss of control.The internal buildings of the school are small, the funds are scarce, the school affairs are chaotic, and there are frequent student riots.In addition, more than one million military and political personnel and their family members of the Kuomintang government who retreated from the mainland flocked in, and the number of students who requested to enroll suddenly increased.In the era of the "Taipei Imperial University", there were only a few hundred people in the school building, and it was impossible to accommodate the students who came like a frenzy. Once the children and relatives of dignitaries and scholars were slightly unsatisfactory, the high-ranking officials would rely on their power to create branches. Create trouble or even disaster for the school authorities.After Fu Sinian took over, it was still such an exasperating and helpless situation.In the era of "Taipei Imperial University", most of the students were from rich families, and all of them were day students, and the school did not set up dormitories.After Fu Sinian took charge of National Taiwan University, in line with the educational purpose of "never let any student lose his studies due to financial constraints", regardless of the student's background, rich or poor, all students are admitted according to the recruitment standards, so that children from poor families have the opportunity to go to school. Chance.After this evolution, the number of students from poor backgrounds who are far away from their hometowns has been increasing, and the faculty of National Taiwan University has become extremely scarce.Although Zhu Jiahua and Fu Sinian had forward-looking considerations and preparations for this issue when they were evacuated from the mainland, very few scholars were "rescued" to Taiwan. The only famous professors were Shen Gangbo, Qian Siliang, Mao Zishui, Zheng Tonghe , Yu Yousun, Tai Jingnong, Yao Congwu, Wang Guohua, Dongfangmei, Xia Deyi, Li Zongtong, Ying Qianli, Yang Shuren, Pan Guan, Sam Mengwu, Du Congming, Peng Jiusheng, Chen Zhenduo, etc., obviously cannot fill most of the subjects Blank for first-class seating.Fortunately, most of the staff of the "Academia Sinica's Institute of History and Philology" and a few elites from the Institute of Mathematics moved to Taiwan, which barely enriched the departments of National Taiwan University.For example, Li Ji, Dong Zuobin, Ling Chunsheng, Rui Yifu, Shi Zhangru, Lao Gan, Gao Quxun, and Qu Wanli who arrived in Taiwan, as well as young scholars of the younger generation such as Chen Pan, Wang Shumin, Yan Gengwang, Zhou Fagao, etc. Apply for a part-time course in this school.Because of these conditions, the faculty of National Taiwan University has improved.

Of course, Fu Sinian at this time has not forgotten to continue to attract mainland scholars to Taiwan.According to Deng Guangming, who stayed at Peking University, Fu became the president of National Taiwan University. "After that, he often telegraphed Mr. Zheng Tianting of Peking University in the name of Zhu Jiahua, calling on Peking University professors to teach at National Taiwan University. People go. I remember Mr. Zhang Zhenglang’s name was called, and I was also called. At that time, Mr. Zheng asked me if I would go. I said, to discuss the teacher-student relationship with Mr. Fu, I should respond to his call and go to Taiwan. However, Mr. Fu has a close relationship with Chiang Kai-shek, so I went with him. I have nothing to do with Chiang Kai-shek, and I don’t want to go to that isolated island with him. I also joked with others that the Kuomintang army now does not fight, do not make peace, and do not Shou, my attitude is not to die, not to surrender, and not to leave. I have never been an official of Chiang Kai-shek, and I have nothing to do with the Kuomintang, so I don’t need to die for them. I have no hatred with the Communist Party. It is of course difficult to say whether I should continue teaching, but this is not a matter of surrender or not. I will not go with Mr. Fu, nor will I go with the Kuomintang, and I am determined to stay at Peking University.”Deng is a student of the Department of History at Peking University. He and Fu Sinian's nephew Fu Lehuan are both classmates and good friends, and they are deeply appreciated by Fu.After graduation, Deng was invited by Fu to go to Kunming and Lizhuang to serve as a teaching assistant at the Institute of Liberal Arts of Peking University, during which time he was supported by Fu.Two years later, Deng Guangming left Lizhuang and was recommended by Fu Sinian as an associate professor at Fudan University. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he followed Fu to Peking University as an unnamed secretary in the principal's office, and remained in this position until Hu Shi took over Peking University.Later, he transferred to the Department of History of Peking University as an associate professor and professor, and once served as the head of the Department of History. He is considered to be a person who has a deep relationship with Peking University.

According to Deng, it happened in the early days of 1949. Until the beginning of 1950, Fu Sinian did not relax his efforts, such as Zheng Tianting, Luo Changpei, Xiang Da, Tang Yongtong, Feng Youlan, Rao Yutai, Ye Qisun, Zeng Zhaolun, Qian Sanqiang, and Zhou Yi in Beijing. Liang, Shen Congwen, and especially Chen Yinke, who stayed in Nanjing for one night and then transferred from Shanghai to Lingnan University, were invited by Fu many times, but the invitees did not respond due to various considerations, and remained in the mainland "waiting for changes". ", or lying on the bed with their own calculations, dreaming of the dream of "entering a new life".According to Ren Jiyu, a graduate student at the Institute of Liberal Arts at Peking University who later became a philosopher, said in a fragment about Zheng Tianting’s future stay: “Mr. Under the influence of the party, there was no fleeing south. Although some senior intellectuals at that time did not know much about the Communist Party, they were very clear about the desperation, perverseness and hopelessness of the Kuomintang for decades. Once they came to the office on business, Just in time, a professor from Tsinghua University was on the phone with him and asked him if he would go. Mr. Zheng said in a calm and steady tone, "No—go." Hu personally went to the airport to greet the last plane. He only received Mao Zishui, a professor of history at Peking University. This man was a good friend with Dai Li, the spy chief of the Kuomintang. , files, and completely handed over to the hands of the people. The old Peking University ends here, and the new Peking University begins here.”

Ren's statement that Zheng Tianting replied "not leaving" to Professor Tsinghua should be a fact. Given Zheng's status and conditions at the time, if he wanted to leave, he would naturally have the "opportunity" to go, but he still stayed. Complicated, but in the end it was Zheng Tianting's original intention to stay.As for the personnel entanglement between Hu Shi's pick-up and Mao Zishui's escape, as well as a spy chief Dai Li, it seems to be a story of an anti-spy movie, but unfortunately it is far from the truth.At that time, there were many people who wanted to fly south. Just recall that when the "Zhongding" warship transported the national treasures of the Forbidden City and the Institute of History and Literature to Taiwan, all kinds of people rushed to board the ship, which made Gui Yongqing, the commander-in-chief of the navy, cry with mixed feelings. It can be inferred from the scene of Lianlian, and the departure of Mei Yiqi and the departure of Qi Rushan, a drama theorist and Mei Lanfang's friend who is obviously different from academic professors, also shows the urgent and panic situation at that time.

At a specific historical stage of turmoil on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, there were still some unknown infighting and shady events. It is said that Fu Sinian wanted to invite the famous philosopher Zhu Guangqian to teach at National Taiwan University, but Shen Gangbo, the dean of literature under him, was afraid that Zhu would come to Taiwan. Threatened by his own status, he secretly obstructed the invitation information and kept it secret. Zhu did not get the news until the mainland was completely liberated.According to what Zhu later said, he had no intention of going to Taiwan, but given the circumstances at the time, even if he wanted to leave, he could do nothing.

At that time, the intellectuals who refused Fu's invitation to go to Taiwan and insisted on staying in the mainland, except most of them stuck to central cities such as Beiping, Nanjing, and Shanghai, a small number of them transferred to remote Lingnan, Guangxi, and Changbaishan universities to teach.Lu Qinli is a representative of such scholars. In the late autumn of 1946, Luo Xiaoyu, a girl from Lizhuang, accompanied her husband Lu Qinli and her youngest son in her arms, bid farewell to her hometown in the tears of relatives and friends, and came to Nanjing. Together with colleagues from the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, she rebuilt her home on the ruins and built a brilliant dream for the future . At the end of 1948, when the Kuomintang army was defeated and the country was shaken, Fu Sinian went back and forth to try his best to mobilize colleagues from the Institute of History and Philology to relocate to Taiwan.However, contrary to Fu Sinian's expectations, Lu and Luo couples were hesitant. Apart from their dislike for the Kuomintang, the reason was that they could not bear to stay away from their homeland. In addition, the couple had three children at that time, and they were married to Lu's family. Living with my mother, I was afraid that after arriving in this isolated island of Taiwan, I would not be able to make ends meet. At that time, it was rumored that people in Taiwan only lived on banana peels, so they delayed.At this time, Luo Xiaoqu received a letter from her hometown from her fifth elder brother, Luo Shuxie, an underground member of the Communist Party of China, saying, "I have been looking forward to the liberation for so many years, and I will leave the mainland before liberation. You are not members of the Kuomintang, so don't follow them." Go to be buried" Yunyun advised him to stay.Lu and Luo thought this was justified and decided not to go to Taiwan, which made Fu Sinian very unhappy.

Fu Sinian and Lu Qinli belonged to a small fellow villager in Luxi not far away, and Fu was a figure of his generation, and he had a good impression of the honest and intelligent Lu family. In addition, he was the matchmaker for Lu and Luo's marriage. Although he was unhappy and unwilling, But there is nothing to do.According to Luo Xiaoyu's recollection: "When Mr. Fu came to our residence for the last time to persuade us, he knew that we were paying attention. His eyes were red, and tears were rolling in his eyes, as if they were about to overflow. He stood up and said to Mr. Lu: 'You They didn’t want to go into the flames with me, so I had to dance by myself. But I brought Xiao Que out of Lizhuang, and I have to be responsible for her.” Then he expressed his willingness to introduce Lu Qinli to teach at Guangxi University, which was relatively quiet at that time.” The president of the university, Chen Jianxiu, was an old professor at Peking University and was friendly with Fu Sinian. Lu Qinli and his wife accepted Fu's kindness and left Nanjing with their family and arrived in Guilin in the early winter of this year.

Luo Xiaoqu's statement was later confirmed by Wang Fansen, a researcher at the Institute of History and Philology of Taiwan's "Academia Sinica". Wang wrote: "In the autumn of 1948, due to political differences, Lu Qinli transferred to the Chinese Department of Guangxi University to teach." Farewell, it will be the last time for the Lu couple, Fu Sinian and colleagues from the Institute of History and Language. In the autumn of 1949, the Southwest War situation was tense, and the National Government building was about to collapse. Guangxi University in Guilin fell into unprecedented chaos. The school leaders and most of the professors fled to Hong Kong to escape.On the eve of the complete collapse of the Kuomintang, Fu Sinian, with the last ray of hope, sent another letter to Lu Qinli, urging him to leave Guilin and move to Taiwan with the last batch of staff from the Institute of History and Philology, and sent him travel expenses and three months' salary.The girls from Lizhuang who were married to the staff of the Institute of History and Philology, such as Zhang Suzhen and Zhang Yanyun, have all crossed the Taiwan Strait with their husbands at this time, and Liu Yuanlin, a young man from Lizhuang who was an intern with Dong Zuobin, has also moved to Taiwan. Fu Sinian's letter is the only one among the personnel and family members of the Institute of History and Philology who left Lizhuang who did not make the trip. Fu Sinian's letter is the last chance given to her by history to go to Taiwan.But after thinking and weighing, Lu and Luo still did not make the trip.

In November 1949, Guilin was captured by the People's Liberation Army. Under the instructions of the underground party of the Communist Party of China, Lu Qinli and other few professors who did not flee came forward to maintain the order on the campus of Guangxi University and insisted on holding classes for students.Under the leadership of the Military Control Commission and representatives of the Communist Party of China, Lu participated in the takeover work of the whole school and was appointed as a professor and head of the Chinese Department. In 1951, Lu was elected as the people's representative of Guilin City.In October of the same year, according to the call of the Communist Party of China and the subsequent adjustment policy for the scientific and educational team, Lu and Luo were transferred to Northeast Normal University in Changchun. Lu was hired as a professor of the Chinese Department and later as the director of the Classical Literature Teaching and Research Section.Luo Xiaoyu works in the textbook department library.Since then, the couple have embarked on a life journey full of joy and sorrow.And Fu Sinian, who had been looking forward to them going to Taiwan, had already passed away at this time, and returned to Tian Heng Island.