Chapter 58 9. Old photos of the Japanese army show the battle flag of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces

In the historical materials of China's Anti-Japanese War, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces active in Baishan and Heishui were quite independent and neglected by many people. Their resistance was extremely difficult due to the harsh environment and the disparity in strength between the enemy and ourselves.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the Anti-Japanese Alliance tried several times to break through the Japanese blockade in the direction of Rehe and get in touch with the troops inside the pass, but all failed.In the later period of the Anti-Japanese War, most of its main generals died, and very few documents were preserved.Therefore, many of its combat history and circumstances have been difficult to verify.

For example, what kind of flag the Anti-Japanese Federation used at that time seems to have not been found in the photos of the Anti-Japanese Federation preserved today.However, in the old private album of the Japanese army (Suzuki's "Zaiman Memorial"), a series of photos were found, showing the course of a battle between the Japanese army's crusade and the Anti-Japanese Army. One of the photos may be able to answer this question. These photos were taken in the late autumn of 1938 by Suzuki, an officer of the Japanese Nagano Expeditionary Force (who was originally stationed in Yang Rongweizi). On October 15, 1938, the Japanese army launched an autumn and winter crusade against the Allied Forces from Jiamusi, and Suzuki led his troops to participate in this operation.After entering the deep mountains, the Japanese army under Suzuki pursued an anti-Union force and discovered the secret camp it was using.After discussion, the Japanese army violated the combat rules and launched a surprise attack at dawn under the leadership of the traitors (unfortunately, the specific time and place are not marked in the photo).The anti-union personnel were caught off guard, and only discovered the Japanese attack at the last moment, but they still resisted tenaciously. At least three anti-union personnel rushed out of the wooden house of the secret camp to try to stop the Japanese army. Unfortunately, they all died under the Japanese machine gun fire.

One of Suzuki's photographs, showing the battle flag of the Anti-Japanese War, was taken just after the battle. Suzuki said in the description of this close-up photo that he was wearing plain clothes and shot with a pistol at the gate of the camp. He was shot in the left chest and fell to the ground.The Japanese army tried to rescue him with a cardiac injection.But this person died of his injuries, and he didn't say a word until his death, without any confession. In the photo with the anti-union flag, only the legs of another martyr can be seen in the picture.There is another martyr who cannot be seen in the picture, probably a sentinel, who died tens of meters in front of the wooden house.In the rear is the famous secret camp of the Anti-Japanese Army, which was obviously built with local materials. The Anti-Japanese Army relied on such a secret base to deal tenaciously with the Japanese army in the deep mountains and old forests.

On the left side, there are three Japanese soldiers inspecting the items left by the Anti-Union fighters, and in the middle of the back there is another Japanese soldier who is cleaning the barrel of the gun.It can be seen that some Japanese troops have changed their winter uniforms, while others are still wearing summer and autumn uniforms.Since the Nagano Crusade was composed of different units of the Japanese army, this may reflect the different supply conditions of the Japanese army. The most striking thing is that the two Japanese soldiers standing in the middle on the right side of this photo stretch out a flag, apparently captured from the anti-Japanese camp.

In other words, this is the flag used by the Anti-Japanese Federation. When I saw this flag for the first time, I suspected that my eyes were dazzled - this is simply the style of today's five-star red flag! However, upon closer inspection, it can be found that there is only one big five-pointed star on this flag, instead of a pattern of one big and four small.There are also three dark imprints on the flag, which seem to have words.A friend who studied art relied on spectroscopic judgment. This flag is indeed a red background, but the color of the five-pointed star cannot be determined.In addition, he reminded me that the flag had a narrow band of a different color near the pole, which he thought might be where the unit designation was written.

According to the description, this photo should have been taken between mid-to-late October and November 1938, in the area around Jiamusi in eastern Heilongjiang.Judging from the pictures, the vegetation has not yet fallen, which shows that the winter in the Northeast seems to be warm that year.I had some doubts about this, but there are indeed photos of Suzuki wearing only a sweater outdoors in November of that year in the album, indicating that the warm winter of that year may indeed have existed. It was unexpected to be able to find the battle flag of the Anti-Japanese Alliance in the photos of the enemy.However, who designed this flag of the Anti-Union Alliance? Do all Anti-Union troops use the same flag, and which army's officers and soldiers will be sacrificed in this battle?

The military flag of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces has not been found in China so far. There is no historical photo of the Anti-Japanese Allied Forces that records its specific style.As for the flag of the Anti-Union Army preserved in physical form, there is only one flag of the Division Headquarters of the Second Division of the Third Army of the Anti-Union Army. Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army Third Army Second Division Division", and there are three oblique characters in the middle of the banner - Command. The photos discovered this time allow us to see the specific style of the flag of the Anti-Alliance Army from historical photos for the first time.In the style of the flag in the photo, three five-pointed stars can be identified at one corner of the flag; on one side of the flag, there is a narrow strip with a different color from the flag surface, which should be the place where the serial number is marked vertically; on the flag surface, there are three large characters , the first two characters are unrecognizable, only the two characters have more strokes and complex fonts, and the last character can be clearly identified as "tuan".This is almost the same as the style of the flag of the Second Division of the Third Army of the Anti-Japanese Army.

So which regiment of the Anti-Japanese Federation does the military flag with the number of "a certain regiment" written on this side belong to?The only clues a photo can provide are: The description of the photo reads "October 15-30, 1938, at the junction of Baoqing and Huachuan" and the number of "a certain regiment" written on the flag (and the first two characters have many strokes and complex fonts ). According to the existing clues, Sa conducted the following research on the number of the unit to which this military flag belongs: (1) In October 1938, what anti-Japanese troops were there at the junction of Baoqing and Huachuan?

Baoqing Huachuan belonged to Sanjiang Province of Manchukuo at that time. After 1936, the main forces of the Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Armies of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Army and the independent divisions that were later reorganized into the Eleventh Army of the Anti-Japanese Army were successively concentrated in the Puppet Manchukuo The anti-Japanese struggle began in Sanjiang Province.According to the military history of the Anti-Union, after April 1938, the Fourth and Fifth Armies of the Anti-Union began to march westward, and the Seventh and Eighth Armies moved together with them; after June 1938, the Third Army of the Anti-Union began to march westward , and the Sixth Army, Ninth Army, and Eleventh Army acted together.After the main force went west, there were left behind troops in Sanjiang Province of Manchukuo.

Accordingly, in October 1938, the regiment at the junction of Baoqing and Huachuan would only be a certain unit of the above-mentioned armies. (2) Which regiment of the above armies will this flag belong to? According to the more strokes of the first two characters, it can be judged that it must not be the first group (the number of Chinese characters, the strokes are not so complicated).So, how many regiments are there whose numbers are not numbered in the above armies? From historical materials such as "Organizational Sequence of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces" ("Communist Party History Materials" No. 18), "The Organizational Sequence of the Anti-Japanese Allied Forces in Heilongjiang Province" ("Heilongjiang Party History Materials" No. 2) and other historical materials, the Anti-Japanese War Combining the sequence of the above-mentioned armies, we can draw the following conclusion: In 1938, the above-mentioned armies were not numbered regiments, but actually there were only two regiments: the third army had the organization of "guard regiment", and the other The Sixth Army has a "Military Security Regiment" establishment.However, according to the recollection of Wang Jun, director of the Political Department of the Security Corps of the Sixth Army, before the Western Expedition, the security regiment of the Sixth Army's military headquarters "decided by the superiors to break up the troops" and disperse them to other regiments. Wang Jun also participated in the Western Expedition as the director of the Political Department of the 11th Regiment of the Second Division of the Sixth Army.

Therefore, in October 1938, the regiments of the Anti-Union Army in this area were not numbered, but only the Third Army Guard Regiment. (3) In October 1938, did the Three-Service Guard Regiment stay at Baoqing Huachuan? In June 1938, when the Third Army of the Anti-Japanese War was about to start its westward expedition, it was "reduced into four divisions and one guard regiment".The guard regiment was established at this time, headed by Jiang Lixin. From July 1938, the Third Army of the Anti-Japanese Army began to march westward from Baoqing and Luobei (Huachuan is between these two counties) to the Heinen Plain.Then, in October 1938, was there really a three-service guard regiment among the left-behind troops of the third army in Baoqing and Huachuan? Check the military history of the Anti-Japanese Alliance, the designations of the troops of the Third Army's western expedition, and there is no guard regiment.The head of the regiment, Jiang Lixin, was also not on the list of commanders for the Western Expedition.The director of the political department of the regiment, Pu Jisong, participated in the Western Expedition (he actually participated in the Western Expedition as the Chief of the Military Propaganda Section, see Wang Minggui's Memoirs), which is recorded in various historical materials. It can be seen that Jiang Lixin, the head of the guard regiment, definitely did not set off with the main force. There are also records in "The Biography of Zhao Shangzhi" (Heilongjiang People's Publishing House, 1990 edition). In June 1939, when Zhao Shangzhi led a small unit to return from the Soviet Union to carry out guerrilla warfare, he mentioned Jiang Lixin, the head of the Third Army Guard Regiment, and clearly stated that they It was by meeting "Jiang Lixin, the former head of the left-behind regiment of the three armed forces".These two pieces of evidence show that Jiang Lixin was the head of the three-armed security regiment, and persisted in the struggle as a left-behind regiment. Chen Lei, who returned to China with Zhao Shangzhi, recorded in the annotations of his poem "Camping Collection: Meeting Comrades in Laobai Mountain" that he returned to China with Zhao Shangzhi and met Jiang Lixin by the Chabaqi River. The Chabaqi River (Chabaqi River, the Chinese river code is AB5755) is located at the junction of Hegang and Yichun, just to the northwest of Huachuan. Based on this, it can also be judged that Jiang Lixin did not participate in the Western Expedition, but stayed in the Xiajiang area up. This confirms that after the guard regiment was changed to the "left-behind regiment", under the command of Jiang Lixin, it persisted in the resistance struggle in the old base area.On the photo of the military flag, the secret camp at the junction of Huachuan and Baoqing is the regiment headquarters of the left behind regiment. In this way, the situation became clear. It should be that the regiment headquarters was attacked and the remaining troops were dispersed. Jiang Lixin escaped from danger and moved from the Huachuan-Baoqing junction to the northwest of Huachuan, where he continued to fight.Later, as a security guard, he personally experienced the battle where Zhao Shangzhi died, but fortunately escaped again and withdrew into the territory of the Soviet Union.After the founding of New China, Jiang died unfortunately in the 1950s due to his poor health. At that time, his old comrades-in-arms, Governor of Heilongjiang Province Chen Lei and his wife Li Min went to visit him. After carefully examining the photos and the records of the Japanese officer Suzuki, we found that in the final battle between the left-behind regiment and the Japanese army, the unknown martyrs in the photos still paid for their lives. Lieutenant Higuchi in front. Looking back, let’s talk about the strange photo in the title picture. Judging from the pattern of the photography, this is the standard posture of the Japanese army to display the captured items. Although the guns may be the Japanese army’s own, this flag can definitely be used in battle. spoils".The pictures before and after this picture all reflect the process of the Japanese army raiding a camp of the Chinese Resistance Army in the mountains.These photos are on the front and rear pages of the previous photos of the Japanese army fighting with the Anti-Union Third Army Guard Regiment. It is speculated that the time and place of the battle will not be far apart, and may even be the same place.It can be seen that there is a patched horizontal bar on the top of this flag, and a thin branch is used as a flagpole on the side. However, there is no label on the photo, only a paper label is used to mark the time and place of the "crusade operation", which shows that this flag was the Japanese army's crusade team during the battle from October 15th to 30th, 1938. Yu Baoqing and The Huachuan border was taken from the Chinese resistance camp. It would not be too much to call this flag weird.If I hadn't seen it, I'm afraid I would never have imagined that the Anti-Japanese Federation would use such a flag, but if it weren't for the Anti-Japanese Federation, there were no records of other resistance forces in that area in 1938.Even other resistance forces have never heard of using such a patterned flag.For this reason, I discussed with some researchers of the Anti-Japanese Federation and came to an interesting conclusion—this is a flag that resembles a naval signal flag, and the Anti-Japanese Federation probably used the signal flag to communicate with each other in the vast forest.This method of communication can indeed make up for the lack of radio stations of the Anti-Union. If this is the case, then the creativity of the Anti-League is really amazing.