Chapter 57 8. The Anti-Japanese Federation wearing a Budyonny hat

In my early years, I read a literary work "Little Stableman and Uncle Big Boots" about the Anti-Japanese Allied Army in Northeast China. The attire is exactly the same as that of the Japanese devils.It was later learned that it was captured from the enemy in battle. When I was studying at Beijing Normal University in the 1980s, I accidentally discovered that Mr. Zhu, a janitor in the library, was the husband of Ms. Yan Yiyan, the author of "The Little Horseman and the Uncle Big Boot".It was also learned that this red female writer was actually a traitor of the nobles of the Qing Dynasty and an anti-Japanese student studying in Tokyo.Friends who studied at Beijing Normal University back then may still remember this white-haired old man with a red nose and always wearing a suit after the library moved to a new building.Because of this, I met Ms. Yan Yiyan.At that time, Ms. Yan's legs were not very flexible, and she smoked heavily.But when it comes to her early work "Salt Dinger", her good friend Wang Ying still has a deep affection and a clear memory.Asked about "Little Stableboy and Uncle Big Boots", Ms. Yan said that it was written on the basis of interviews with veterans of the Anti-Japanese War and had a real historical background.Ms. Yan has a saying that I remember deeply—"The military uniforms of the Anti-Japanese Federation are not the style of the Eighth Route Army, but the same as those of the Soviet Red Army."

The Soviet Red Army, in the minds of people at that time, was Paul Korchagin or Xia Boyang style, wearing a military cloak, wearing a Budyonny hat, and leaping horses with swords.Anti-Union, will it be like this? Ms. Yan's words made me full of longing for the image of the Anti-United Nations League at that time. It was only later that I learned that the battle of the Anti-Union was by no means so romantic. They were a lone army fighting bravely in the enemy's rear. They had no food and fodder and relied on captured ammunition. They often had to camp in the severe cold of minus 20 degrees.The hardships of all the armies in history have to be respected in front of them.

The incident was gradually forgotten. However, a friend provided materials and mentioned that, as Ms. Yan Yiyan said, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces did have Soviet Red Army uniforms at that time.It is said that this is a suggestion made by some leaders of the Anti-Japanese War who lived and fought in the Soviet Union. Such clothing is also more suitable for the cold climate in the Northeast.At present, it can be confirmed that the troops who have used this kind of military uniform are mainly the Third and Sixth Army of the Anti-Japanese Army led by Zhao Shangzhi.This point has been mentioned many times by the veterans of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces, especially the female soldiers who had worked in quilt factories.

Li Zaide, a veteran of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces (working in a bedding factory), mentioned—— Around 35 years ago, the Anti-Japanese Federation not only had uniform uniforms, but its military cap was also the Budyonny cap from the Soviet Union. In 1935, Feng Zhongyun, Xia Yunjie and other leaders of the Northern Manchuria Provincial Party Committee came to the clothing factory, and agreed with Pei Dajie (Pei Chengchun, the director of the clothing factory) to make military uniforms for the troops. The style of the military cap was based on the red military cap proposed by someone. Made in style.At that time, we tried to make a hat for the leader to see if it was done right. After seeing it, the leader said, "This is what it looks like, let's do it like this!" We will make this kind of hat for the troops in the future.

This style of hat was worn by Zhao Shangzhi, Chen Lei, Yu Baohe and many other comrades after I came to the armed forces. Li Guilan, a veteran of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces, former director of the clothing factory, said: Materials for military uniforms: The fabrics used at that time were all brought in from outside the mountains, in gray, grass green, and navy blue... Military uniform styles: ...the hat was a red knotted cap with a five-pointed star.My job: ...mainly responsible for making military caps.Because there is a red five-pointed star on the front of the military cap and a red bump on it, everyone calls it the Red Army Cap.The military cap is six tiles.There is a hat cover in the front, and the last three pieces are double-layer cloth turned out, which can be put down to keep warm when it is cold, and there is a red cloth bump on the top...

In 2010, Sa met Mr. Yu Guang, the son of Mr. Li Zaide, in Beijing. He also specifically mentioned that the most difficult part of this kind of military uniform is the red bump on the top of the hat. "My mother made red bumps in the quilt factory because of her dexterity." Mr. Yu seemed quite proud when he said it.The anti-union spirit propaganda team active in the Northeast today has also copied this military cap. However, due to the extremely difficult battles of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces, there is no actual Budyonny hat military uniform left.And for a long time, this kind of statement has no evidence of historical pictures, which is a rather regrettable thing.

In 2010, Sa collected an old photo collection "Memorial in Manchuria" in Japan. The original owner was a Japanese military officer named Suzuki, who had participated in many crusades against the Allied Forces.This photo album contains a large number of photos of fighting the Anti-Japanese War.One of them caught my attention, showing that several captured Anti-Japanese fighters were wearing Budyonny hats. It is a pity that due to the poor quality of the camera used by Suzuki, the lack of focusing technology, and the age of the photos, the shadows of these soldiers are very blurred and cannot be fully confirmed.I am also very sorry about this, but limited by the materials, there is no other way.

There were also some captured Anti-Union personnel who were not dressed in this way, which is in line with the saying that the conditions were difficult at that time and the number of military uniforms was not large.At the same time, the uniforms of different anti-union troops in various parts of the Northeast are not uniform. The anti-Japanese fighter in the focus on the right doesn’t seem to have a Budyonny hat (it’s also a bit like the Budyonny hat was worn crookedly on the soldier’s head by the Japanese). The photo above was taken in the late autumn of 1938.From October 15th to October 30th of that year, the Japanese army launched an autumn crusade against the anti-union armed forces in the Sanjiang (eastern Heilongjiang) area.The photographer of the photo, Japanese officer Suzuki, followed the expedition team to capture the traces of a transferred anti-Japanese coalition army between Baoqing and Huachuan. Using military dogs, after two days and one night of pursuit, the two sides There is a fight.

Due to the outflanking and outflanking by the Japanese army, the anti-union troops defending the forest position were attacked by the enemy. In addition to the sacrificed personnel, many soldiers were unable to evacuate and were captured by the Japanese army. Suzuki took this photo at this time. It is speculated from the battle situation that what the Japanese army destroyed was the cover force of the Anti-Japanese Alliance, and its main force had already withdrawn.The Japanese army continued to track, and found the secret camp of the Anti-Union Army in "Sandaohezi" a few days later, and the two sides fought again. In that battle, Suzuki's horse was also killed.

Suzuki did not describe the later fate of these Anti-Japanese fighters.Sanjiang is the area where the third and sixth armies of the Anti-Union Army were active. Perhaps, on the uniforms of these soldiers, there are fine needlework of female anti-union soldiers such as Pei Chengchun.