Chapter 2 Wang Luyan and Xu Qinwen

Author: Su Xuelin Wang Luyan and Xu Qinwen After the May 4th era, under the influence of Lu Xun's style, there were quite a few young people who engaged in local literature and art or portrayed the state of the world and human conditions, and Wang Luyan and Xu Qinwen were more successful.Wang Luyan is the author of the "Novel Monthly" published by the Literary Research Association. The article above.Xu Qinwen is a writer for two regular periodicals, Yusi and Beixin. Wang Luyan's works include "Sleeves", "Gold", "Sorrow of Childhood" and many short stories that have not been collected.The sentimental gray atmosphere in the works is very strong, but his good at describing the psychology and life of the rural petty bourgeoisie and peasants made him a natural student of Lu Xun.He is from Ningbo, and he writes about the snobbery of Ningbo's national temperament, which is extremely profound.A good example is the story in "Self-Reliance" in which his father told his brother's grandfather, a grandpa, to build a house and sell it.Because the grandpa wanted to build a big house because he had money, he was sued by his brother Wang Dayan, who was usually very friendly, and said that he let out too much at the foot of the wall and invaded the official road.

So after many lawsuits, his father-in-law not only sold out the only 99 acres of land, but also ran out of cash.Moreover, half of the base of the big house was also sold.When Wang Dayan went to court, he suddenly ran from home to the county, and sometimes from the county to his home. He couldn't run with his legs, and he didn't want to spend the ferry money. He didn't have a broken copper coin in his hands. It is the county magistrate who is full!Readers may say that such things as wuwu snakes and scorpions must have never existed in the world. The author is describing too much, right?But I believe that there are such people and such things in the world.You must know that what Wang Dayan did was out of jealousy, and the poisonous flames of jealousy can burn friendship, affection, and reason!It's also like the article "Gold", because Shi didn't send any money to his son for a while, everyone suspected that he was bankrupt, so they ridiculed him, insulted him, and even spread rumors about his disadvantage; the butcher hacked to death his dog, the beggar Going to his house to force them, the old couple was so anxious that they almost wanted to commit suicide.Later, my son wrote a letter saying that he was now the director of the secretary. He first remitted 2,000 yuan from the ocean, and then bought gold worth 300,000 yuan to come home.The hot and cold state of the world, repeated human feelings, are written by the author with miscellaneous brushstrokes, making people cry instead of laughing.

"A Chang Thief's Bone" is a novella, and Xu Qinwen's "Snotty Ah Er" and his classmate Lu Xun's "The True Story of Ah Q", Wang Luyan seems to be better than Xu's technique.This is a wonderful picture of "Small Wretches", the writing style is relaxed and funny, and it is overwhelming everywhere, and it is a bit like "The True Story of Ah Q".A Chang is a poor class person in Yijia Village. He has been naughty and cunning since he was a child. He likes to lie, steal, kidnap, gamble, moleste women, and do all kinds of bad things. He has learned many lessons and still does not change.After growing up, he worked as a peddler selling cakes and kerosene.Later, he married an ugly wife, degenerated into a grave digger, was discovered, and fled.The author describes Ah Chang's stealthy nature: "By the age of twelve or thirteen, he had already gained a bit of reputation in Yijia Village. Compared with his father, everyone said he was better than his father. He knew how to spend the money he brought. Wrap it with cloth, add a little writing paper, stuff it in the broken eggshell, and throw the eggshell at the foot of a remote wall, or twist the soil into a small coffin, wrap the money in it, and put it on the rocks on the upper floor of the sewer. In the middle, he walked around empty-handed, showing a calm appearance. Afterwards, he helped people search. He searched all over the most remote places." He also wrote that he abducted a child's collar at Shijiaqiao.He brought cakes to the boy, and talked to him, "Oh, what beautiful shoes you have! Better than your brother's! And who gave you that--how long have you worn--how many days? Well, Good! It looks better than anyone else! What kind of flower is it on the shoe? Chrysanthemum—Chinese rose?” As he spoke, he stretched the collar, took it out from the child’s neck, and stuffed it into his arms .The child was looking at his shoes happily with his head down, mumbling while muttering, but Ah Chang didn't pay attention to his words, so he quickly put away the plate and left.The author writes a lot about A Chang's vigilance and treachery, and all of them are written vividly and vividly, teaching us to see the face of a little hooligan with our own eyes.This shadow is exactly what we can encounter in every society.Ah Chang also has various skills: Although he often suffers from others, he can often teach others to suffer from him; when he steals from others, he can be denied without changing his expression, and he can kneel before God and bleed. When being beaten, he can spit, defecate and lie on the ground to pretend to be dead.Even when his mother was dying, he would pretend to be crazy and pretend to be dragged into the bottom of the river by a ghost, and hide outside for a day and a night to push the funeral expenses on others.All in all, Ah Chang is a born bad embryo, an obscene seed that can never be corrected, but under Lu Yan's warm and sympathetic writing, we feel that he is somewhat cute, just as we don't hate Ah Q very much.

"Perhaps I Will Not Let It Go" is about the rich man Wang Ayu marrying his daughter-in-law when the war atmosphere is urgent, and inviting relatives and neighbors to a wedding banquet. , which is about the harm of dark marriage, but the way of writing is very special.First, use a vague style of writing to describe how Juying's mother loves her daughter, worries about her daughter, and wants to make a marriage for her.Then I went on to write about how to do the dowry and how to send the dowry, until we wrote about the heavy coffin carried by more than a dozen people in the procession of sending off the relatives. Only then did we know that Juying had been dead for many years, and this grand wedding was nothing more than It's just a dark marriage.It points out that after the ghost marriage, the pen suddenly reverses and writes about Juying's illness and death.The composition of this novel is completely reversed, which is where the author shows his "ingenuity".Before Ju Yingming got married, what about her mother?

When she went in and out, she always saw Juying's smiling face. "Yes, the wedding is coming, my dear," she said to Juying secretly.Suddenly two red clouds flew over Juying's cheeks. "He is a good-looking man, a smart man! You go to his house and be 'his man'! Let you follow him day and night, guard him, let him accompany you day and night ,Hugging you!" Juying was so ashamed that she hugged her head and wanted to run away. "Serve him well," she said solemnly to Juying, "obey him and don't make him unhappy. Be happy and give him a son next year! Be filial and considerate to your parents-in-law. Be considerate to other elders. Those who are young should be respectful, and those who are young should be kind. Don’t be slandered by others, to win your mother and yourself. Keep it in mind..."

We haven't read Juying's coffin in the ceremonial guard, but who is not deceived by the author's ingenious pen when reading these descriptions first?However, this part of his work seems to have degenerated from the Russian Thoreau Cooper's "Love of the Unborn". "The Complaints of the Autumn Rain", "Dog" and "Tiny Creatures" are all essays in the nature of sketches, and they are all gloomy and beautiful prose poems, similar in flavor to Lu Xun. The "Dog" article contains a very obvious "humanism", which is the expression of the influence of Russian literature on young people after the May Fourth Movement. "Little Sparrow" is a fairy tale. It uses a sparrow to see the hypocrisy, treachery, viciousness, selfishness, and evil of war in human beings. It doesn't seem to be very well written.

Shen Yanbing once published "On Wang Luyan" in "Novel Monthly", and praised it as "a typical modern writer".At that time, Shen Yanbing had not published articles under Mao Dun's pseudonym, and his criticisms were not paid much attention to. Wang Luyan, who was truly talented in writing, never raised his status in the literary world because of Mao Dun's paper.In the novel "Poison", the author assumes that the writer Feng Jie examines his own novels: "He thinks it is not very rough. In these novels, he sees his own hope and disappointment, happiness and pain, tears and blood, Personality and soul." However, although these collections of novels were published by the bookstore, the manager of the bookstore replied that the sales were very bad. "This made him very angry. For readers, he saw that general research or so-called obscene books, or some boring romance novels, printed three thousand and three thousand, five thousand and five thousand , but for his not-so-bad literary and artistic works, he is so indifferent. 'Readers without eyes!' He often said angrily." If we know a little about the situation of the literary and artistic circles in the past eight or nine years, we will know that the writer's This kind of complaint is not excessive.

Xu Qinwen is from Shaoxing, Zhejiang.Works include "Hometown", "Mr. Zhao's Trouble", "Snotty Ah Er", "A Bottle of Wine", "If It Happened", "As if So", "Afterimage of Illusion", "Wool Socks", "West Lake Moon", etc.His writing life began in 1922. When his first novel collection "Hometown" was published, Lu Xun said: "The author is inferior to me in describing rural life, and I am inferior to the author in terms of youth psychology"; Focus on the article "Happy Family" and write the words "imitation of Xu Qinwen".With Lu Xun's status as a veteran in the literary world, he did not hesitate to borrow a prize from a backward writer. Readers will naturally look at Xu differently, and Xu has since become famous for his literature.

He is really good at describing the psychology of youth, especially at describing the love psychology of young men and women after the May 4th Movement.Like "Ideal Companion", "Mr. Natural History", "Mortal Life", "Please Forgive Me", "Wool Socks", "Yu Zhuo's Diary", "Backup Lady", "Stories Before the Bedtime of a Sick Child", are all .There are other novels too late to quote.Men's selfishness, thinking about different things, respecting women outwardly but contemptuously inwardly, women's suspicion, jealousy, intolerance, coquettishness, and liking for fresh and strong stimulation, all have subtle portrayals, kind descriptions, and cold irony , but the best work can be promoted to the novel "Mr. Zhao's Troubles".The style of this book is the author's usual diary style. It uses the love triangle relationship between Zhao Weitang, Shishi and Zhendong to write an interesting story.

Zhao Weitang is a middle school teacher. He once married a girl named Shishi whom he taught without a ceremony. Later, Shishi fell in love with Zhendong, a male student of Mr. Zhao. He wrote a love letter every night and spent a lot of time entertaining her on Saturdays and Sundays. Although he, Mr. Zhao, is a person with quite novel ideas, he can't bear this kind of situation for a long time.But Quartz has been obsessed, and if she interferes, she won't listen, and divorce is actually difficult to do.So he fell into deep trouble.Later, due to the age gap between Shi and Zhen, they had a misunderstanding, and their love was cut off.When Shishi and Zhendong were in love, they were very flattering to Mr. Zhao. Although they are quiet now, they seem to be less attractive, which makes Mr. Zhao less interesting.

There are many ingenious and ingenious explanations about the psychology of men and women in love in the book.It seems that Mr. Zhao wrote a love letter about his love for quartz. At first, he was puzzled, but later he got a kind of enlightenment: Quartz loves to write love letters, and if she doesn't receive a love letter, she will be sad.This is exactly what the ego made of it.Since we fell in love, I asked her to write me love letters every day.Her Chinese language was only seriously studied when she wrote a love letter to me, which can be proved by the letter she wrote to me.There were a lot of typos in the first few letters, and almost every letter paper could not avoid white characters. Later, not only the words and sentences became fluent, but also the thinking was very clear.I haven't heard from her for three days.He must urgently urge her, and he wrote her sweet letters one after another. What is a love letter?What is the heartstring of a young man when he receives a love letter?Expressing love in a love letter is of course more detailed and thoughtful than expressing it in words, and you can freely imagine future happiness. A love letter is not something plain and perfunctory written. To write one is to advance one level. Therefore, how many philosophies are derived from love letters; how many truths are discovered from love letters; how many writers have become successful by writing love letters; The mind is refined by writing love letters. Once married, the love letter is over.Now I've read Quartz's organization and she's read mine.I have seen through her, and she has seen through me. We can no longer find each other's secrets, how can we write a love letter?Quartz seems to have felt this for a long time, and her words that day have already shown this point. She said: "Do you want me to write a letter to Zhendong? Do you want to write a love letter to you again? Can you still write a love letter to me? I will write The letter to Zhendong was originally for his reply. I really can't be bored every day." Yes, she was really used to being stimulated by opening and reading love letters, and she couldn't live a normal life anymore.For example, a smoker of opium has become used to it and cannot give up the addiction once. Mr. Zhao also saw that Quartz's mad love for the little boy turned out to be somewhat maternal. He said: When a person first woos, he always likes the opposite sex who is bigger than himself, and throws himself in the opponent's arms for comfort, just like Shishi is to me, and Zhendong is like Shishiyuan.When I grow up, I have to change my interests. I always like the opposite sex who is smaller than myself, and I hold my opponent in my arms for happiness.Like me with Quartz, Quartz is like this with Zhendong Yuan, and now Zhendong is like this with Ms. LWC Yuan.Although Zhendong's physique is not necessarily great, compared with Ms. LWC, he seems to be indeed great. The author describes how Shishi was excited when he entertained Zhendong, and how Shishi was scolded by Mr. Zhao, rolling and throwing up, turning and crying for joy;The author seems to be a "female hater", who often has an excessively contemptuous attitude towards women and an unfair judgmental tone.See how he used Mr. Zhao's mouth to say: "What is quartz? She was originally a very feminine woman; this kind of woman is really hateful when she is hateful, and really hateful when she is hateful, but when she is interesting, she is really interesting and interesting." Rich, after all, is lovely." "What is quartz? She was originally a very feminine woman; the reason for this kind of woman is that she is ignorant and can tolerate many wives in today's society and live in peace. Women like these probably consider themselves weak, thinking that they have to be protected by others and obey their orders, and they don't know that they are jealous or that others are jealous.Putting them in a position where they should be jealous doesn't make a struggle, giving them freedom of movement will put others in a jealous situation arbitrarily.They didn't understand what they were doing, they just acted recklessly.Shishihara is also this kind of woman, my big mistake was not suppressing her but obeying her! "I didn't want to treat women as dolls, I didn't want to have a lover like a doll; I also didn't want to use the old ethics to deal with my lover, I really don't know how to use the old ethics.But judging from the current situation, quartz is really only suitable for making dolls, because she really only has one raw material for making dolls. "Xu Qinwen is another local writer and artist. His "Leaving Hometown This Time", "Returning Hometown", "Father's Wreath", "Huai Dagui", "Sisters of the Past", "Pearl String Spring" and so on describe the trivial affairs of one's own family; "Crazy Woman", "One Life", "Snot A Er" and other chapters describe the characters in his hometown. "Snot A Er" is a novella, which describes the life of an unfortunate woman in Songcun, her hometown. Snot A Er - Songcun people value sons over daughters, and every second-born girl is called this - she was hated and treated unequally by her grandparents, parents, sisters and brothers when she was young. Studying in a private school-style night school, rejecting the kiss of the young carpenter Gong Along, but was rumored by the whole village as: "I was freely in love with the carpenter Along. "The family called her a "slutty little girl who abused people". Later, she married a half-idiot farmer and soon became a widow. She married again as the concubine of Master Qian Shaoying, and she was widowed again in a few years. She got sick and died. This is a poor person who grew up in an atmosphere of indifference, contempt, humiliation, and abuse. However, she didn't know that she was pitiful, and when she was in a better position, she gave everything she suffered to Others." Ever since she became a concubine, she always wanted to be happy, and always wanted to be happy.At times like this, she would always quarrel with Haitang—her maidservant—by beating her, scolding her, and sometimes twisting her face so hard that part of her face turned blue, Just like the way Snotty Ah Er was pulled by her sister when she was young... Snotty Ah Er really seems to want to take revenge on Haitang. Her merciless scolding and merciless beating are sometimes very similar to her grandmother's behavior when she was young. , sometimes like her mother when she was young, and sometimes like her sister when she was young.What's more, when he scolded Haitang for being a 'bad girl', his eyes were pierced and his brows were wrinkled, 'Bad girl! ' After yelling, her face looked like her old grandmother's when she was a child. " The technique of all the works of the author cannot be regarded as perfect.One repetition is too much.Like "Snot Nose Two": "Since refusing Gong Along's kiss and being rumored to be 'loved freely by carpenter Aaron'" was repeated eight times in total.Also, "A certain person is indeed a Songcun person, and he was originally developed from a seed endowed with the characteristics of a Songcun person" was also repeated several times.Proper use of this kind of repetition can sometimes increase the strength of the tone and become the rhythm of the tone, but it is disgusting to use it like Xu Qinwen. The second wording is procrastinated.For example: "It is inevitable that Zhang Guan Li Dai is one of the miscellaneous impressions", "Talk about one of the women's comments on the head and feet", the title is not so simple, and the procrastination of the words can be imagined.Three still have a subjective tone.In particular, you should not explain the reasons for the actions of the characters. For example, the snotty Ah Er beating and scolding the maidservant is a psychological problem that can be studied.After the author finished writing, he added a few sentences, "Revenge for such actions is indeed one of the characteristics of Songcun people."In addition, the layout is not tense; the speech is not very natural; the scenery is clumsy, and the writing lacks vivid colors, all of which are because he is not as good as Wang Luyan.Originally published in "Modern", June 1934, Volume 5, Issue 5