Chapter 21 Notre Dame de Paris (2) Volume 3 Notre Dame de Paris (6)

From the bell tower of the Notre-Dame where we are, we can see the Palace of Saint-Pol. Although it is almost half covered by the above-mentioned four mansions, it is still huge and looks very beautiful.The three buildings that were merged into this palace by Charles V can be clearly distinguished, although they are cleverly connected with the main building of the palace by several long corridors with stained glass windows and small columns.The three mansions are the House of the Petit Muse, the House of the Abbe Saint-Maur and the House of the Comte d'Etampes.The House of the Little Muse, with its lace-shaped balustrade, is elegant; , between the notches on both sides of the suspension bridge, is engraved with the coat of arms of the priest; the mansion of the Earl of Etampe, the top floor of the main building has collapsed, it looks circular, and there are gaps everywhere, like a cockscomb; the old oak trees are in clusters, Sparsely, it looks like huge flowers; each pool, the water is clear, the light and shadow are hidden, the ripples are sparkling, and there are a few swans playing in the water; there are also many courtyards, where you can see some picturesque scenery.Houses of celebrities, with low pointed arches, stubby Saxon columns, and mace-like gates roaring like lions; through it all you can see the stripped steeple of the Church of the Virgin Mary; on the left, and The Palace of the Prefect of Paris is flanked by four finely hollowed-out small towers; in the middle is the real Palais de Saint-Pol, with more and more facades. Since Charles V, the palace has been decorated and decorated one after another. It is chaotic and superfluous. Over the past two hundred years, architects have added semicircular apexes to their chapels, built gables on their corridors, and erected countless weathercocks on their roofs; It is connected by two towers, with a crenel surrounding the base of the conical top, which looks like a pointed hat with a curled edge.

①The iron sparrow refers to the protruding horns on the outside of the city wall, which is used to prevent the enemy from climbing the wall and attacking. ② The mansion of celebrities is called "the mansion of the lion" in French, so the metaphor of "the lion's roar" is used here. Our eyes continue to climb up to this circular palace that stretches into the distance, and we can see the canyon between the row upon row of roofs on the Rue Saint-Anton in the new city-we always only talk about The main cultural relic - the Angoulême mansion, a huge building that took several periods to complete.Some parts of it were so new and white that they seemed out of place in the whole, like a blue jacket with a red patch.However, this modern-style palace, with its pointed and high roof, is very strange, and the roof is covered with carved gutters, and the roof is covered with lead skin, with many shiny gilt sculptures on it. Copper inlays are carefully crafted to form a variety of flower and vine decorations, which unfold gently and slowly.This wonderfully inlaid roof stands out from the dark brown ruins of this ancient building, and it looks very elegant.The old fat towers of the ancient building, bulging in the middle with disrepair, like great casks slumping with decay, were split from top to bottom, and looked like unbuttoned Each with a big belly.Behind it stands a small pagoda palace, with many towers and spiers.Nowhere in the world, whether in Chambord or Alambra, is this place so magical, so ethereal, so fascinating.There are many spiers, small bell towers, chimneys, weathervanes, spiral staircases, bolts, and many perforated lanterns that seem to be made from the same mold, as well as contiguous towers and pavilions, and clusters of small spinning towers. (At that time, the word for the small tower tourelle was called tornelle), with various shapes, heights and sizes, and various styles.The entire Angoulême mansion is like a huge stone chessboard.

①Chambor, the Chambord Palace, is located in the current Loire-Cher province and is one of the architectural treasures of the Renaissance. ② Alhambra: The ancient capital of the Arab monarchs of Granada, which was built in 1238.Built in the 14th century, the royal palace is one of the masterpieces of medieval Islamic palace architectural art. On the right side of the small pagoda palace, there are tall black forts, surrounded by ditches, as if they were tied together with a rope, and fit each other.I saw that the main building has more gun holes than windows, the drawbridge is always high, and the spike gate is always down, this is the Bastille Castle.Protruding from the middle of the battlements are black beaks, which from a distance may be regarded as Chengliu, but in fact they are all cannons.

At the foot of this formidable castle, under the threat of its cannon balls, was the Gate of St. Anton, hidden between two forts. After passing through the Petit Tower Palace and until the city wall built by Charles V, what you can see in front of you are patches of crops and forest gardens, like a soft carpet, with shaded trees and colorful flowers.In the center of the forest garden, there are luxuriant trees and criss-crossed paths. One can recognize this labyrinth of woods and winding paths as the famous labyrinth garden that Louis XI bestowed on Covatier.The doctor's observatory stands high above the labyrinth, like a large solitary column, but the capital plate is a small room.It was in this little pharmacy that he conducted his marvelous studies of astrology.

Today it is the Palace Square. As mentioned above, we only mentioned a few outstanding buildings in the palace, the purpose is to give the audience a general impression of the palace area.The Palace Quarter occupies the angle between the walls of Charles V and the Seine to the east.The center of the new city is a large number of common people's houses.In fact, the three bridges from the new city to the right bank start here.Bridges always produce houses first, and palaces second.This mass of civic dwellings is crowded together like a beehive, but it is not without its beauty.Most of the roofs of a capital are here, just like the waves of a sea, which is magnificent.First of all, the streets and alleys are criss-crossing, and there are many scenes in this whole group, which is really interesting.With the vegetable market as the center, the streets converge in all directions, like a giant star radiating thousands of golden lights.Avenue Saint-Denis and Avenue Saint-Martin have countless forks, like two big trees with intertwined branches that grow close to each other.There are also many winding lines, such as Gypsum Square Street, Glass Square Street, Weaving Square Street, etc., meandering through the entire area.There are also many beautiful houses, rising from the ground, piercing the petrified waves of that sea of ​​​​gables: these are the little castles.The small castle stands at the head of the currency exchange bridge, and behind the bridge, the Seine River rolls under the wheel fans of the Water Mill Bridge; For the fortresses of the feudal era, the stones were so hard that even three hours of digging with an iron pick would not be able to bite down a piece the size of a fist.In addition to the small castle, there is the magnificent square bell tower of St. James' Church in the Slaughterhouse, with statues all over the corners. Although it was not completed in the fifteenth century, it is already admirable.When the Clock Tower didn't have the four monsters that still squat on the four corners of the roof until today, these four monsters looked like four sphinxes. When people want to see the new Paris, they must solve the mystery of the old Paris. ①.The sculptor Rolle did not place them until 1526.He earned only twenty francs for his painstaking efforts.Furthermore, it is the Zhuzi Pavilion facing the river beach square, which we have briefly introduced to the audience.Then there was Saint-Gervais, which was later ruined by the addition of an elegant porch; then Saint-Méry, whose ancient pointed arches were still almost half-soffited; The imposing spire is legendary; and a dozen other ancient buildings, not ashamed to lose their beauty in the midst of the chaotic, narrow, dark streets.To this one may add the stone crosses adorned with statues, which outnumber the gallows in the Rue de la Croisette; The pillar of shame in the vegetable market at its top; the stairway of the Trava Cross Church standing at the fork that is always crowded with black crowds; a row of simple houses in the wheat market; you can also see the ancient city wall of Philip Augustus scattered among the houses, with ivy-covered towers, dilapidated gates, crumbling walls, unrecognizable; and the Embankment, dotted with shops, and blood-stained skinning workshops in slaughterhouses; from Forage Harbor to Bishop In the port, the boats on the Seine are bustling.Speaking of this, you must have a vague impression of what the trapezoidal center of the Neustadt looked like in 1482.

① According to Greek mythology, there is a female monster with a winged lion body called Sphinx, who often asks pedestrians to guess riddles. face. In addition to these two districts—one is a palace district and the other is a residential district—the new city has another landscape, that is, from east to west, a long monastery zone that almost surrounds the whole city.This area is located behind the walls of the blockhouses that surrounded the city of Paris. The convents and chapels are connected to form the second inner city wall of Paris.For example, next to the Petit Tower, between the Rue Saint-Anton and the Old Temple Street, there is the Church of Saint-Catherine and its endless pastoral, which is only blocked by the walls of Paris and its boundaries are not extended any further.Between the old Temple Street and the New Street, stands the Temple Church, standing in the middle of a broad wall with crenelated walls, a cluster of towers so high that it is lonely and sad.Between the Rue Neuve du Temple and the Rue Saint-Martin, there is the Abbey of Saint-Martin, situated in the middle of the garden, with fortifications, towers joined together, and bell towers overlapping like the Pope's triple crown. This church is majestic and indestructible, Second only to the Church of Saint-Germain-des-Prés.Between the streets Saint-Martin and Saint-Denis is the wall of the Trinity Church.Finally, between the Rue Saint-Denis and the Rue Montorgueil, stood the Convent, with the rotting roof and broken walls of the Palace of Miracles.It was the only secular link that was absent from this pious chain of monasteries.

Among the overlapping roofs on the right bank, there is a fourth area that stands alone before our eyes, located between the western corner of the city wall and the lower bank of the Seine River, it is a palace and mansion composed of palaces and mansions crowded at the foot of the Louvre. new ties.The old Louvre, built by Philippe Augustus, is enormous, with twenty-three towers like concubines surrounding its huge main tower, not to mention many other small towers. From a distance, the palace seems to be inlaid between the towering spiers of the Palais Alençon and the Petit Bourbon Palace.These contiguous towers, like the many-headed giant snake in Greek mythology, became the giant patron saint of the city of Paris, with twenty-four heads always held high, and the roofs at the end were frighteningly large, either made of lead or slate. Scales, all shone with metallic light, this giant snake unexpectedly stopped the shape of the western part of the new city.

In this way, the vast residential area of ​​citizens called the island (insula) by the ancient Romans has a large group of dense palaces on the left and right sides, with the Palace of the Small Tower on one side and the Louvre on the other side. The monastery and the surrounding fields are seamlessly integrated as far as the eye can see.The roofs of these thousands of mansions are covered with tiles or paved with stone slabs. The flowers are finely carved, with concave and convex patterns, and with checkered patterns; countless streets criss-cross; Bridges and the Seine with countless boats.This is the outline of the new city in the fifteenth century.

Outside the city wall, there are several Chengguan towns next to the gate of the city, but the number is less than that of the University City, and it is more scattered than that.Behind the Bastille Castle, there are about twenty dilapidated houses huddled around the Faubin Cross Church with its novel sculptures and the pastoral Saint-Anton Abbey with its buttresses; town; the delightful village of Courtily next to the small hotel; the town of Saint-Laurent, whose church bell tower seems to be connected with the spire of the Porte Saint-Martin from a distance; the town of Saint-Denis and the vast countryside of Saint-Radelle; After passing the Montmartre Gate, there is a barn surrounded by white walls - the Convent of the Concubine. Behind the monastery is Montmartre. The number of churches on the limestone hillside at that time was roughly equal to the number of mills, and only mills remained. Because society now needs only physical food.Finally, past the Louvre, across the pastures the town of Saint-Honoré, already considerable in size; The big furnace is specially used to cook those people who make fake money.

Between Courtily and Saint-Laurent, your eye has already noticed, in the deserted plain, there is a mound, with a kind of building on the top, which looks like a ruined colonnade from a distance. , standing on the exposed foundation of the wall.This is not a Parthenon, nor is it the Temple of Jupiter on Olympus.This is Eagle Mountain! Although we wanted to keep it as simple as possible, we have listed so many buildings one by one.As we gradually sketch out the general image of old Paris, if this long list does not fragment the image of old Paris in the minds of the readers, then it can now be summed up in a few words.In the center is the old city island, which is shaped like a big tortoise. The bridge covered with tiled roofs looks like tortoise claws, and the gray roof looks like a tortoise shell, with tortoise claws sticking out from under the tortoise shell.On the left is a trapezoidal university town, a monolithic monolith, solid, dense, crowded, and full of sharp objects.On the right is the vast semi-circular New Town, with more gardens and historical monuments.

There are countless streets in the three major blocks of the old city, the university city, and the new city, like dense patterns on marble.Flowing through the whole territory is the Seine River, which Father de Pleur called "the Seine Nurse", full of islets, bridges, and boats on the river.Paris is surrounded by an endless plain, dotted with a thousand kinds of crops, and dotted with many beautiful villages; on the left are Issy, Venvers, Vaugirard, Montrouge, and the city with a round tower and a square tower. Juntilly, etc.; on the right there are some twenty villages, from Conflain to the Bishop.In the sky, the mountains meander and surround, like the edge of a washbasin.Finally, in the far east, is Vincennes and its seven quadrangular towers; to the south, Bicette and its spires; to the north, Saint-Denis and its spires, and to the west, Saint-Cloud and its circular main tower.This is Paris as seen by the crow in 1482 from the top of the bell tower of Notre-Dame. However, in such a city, Voltaire said that before Louis XIV., there were only four beautiful monuments, namely, the dome of the Saubai Academy, the church of the Valle de Saint-Grace, the modern Louvre, and another, now unexamined, perhaps. It's the Luxembourg Palace.Fortunately, in spite of this, Voltaire wrote Candide, still the most cynic of all time.However, this is also just to prove that a person can be a great genius and yet be ignorant of an art for which he is not gifted.Didn't Molière consider it a compliment when he called Raphael and Michelangelo the little scholars of their time?Closer to home, let's go back to Paris and the fifteenth century. ① Pun, the crow also refers to the priest. ② Raphael (1483-1520), a famous Italian painter. At that time Paris was not only a beautiful city, but also a city of all architectural styles, a product of medieval architecture and medieval history, a chronicle of rocks.It is a city made up of only two layers, the Roman and the Otto, since the Roman layer has long since disappeared, except in the thermal baths of Julian, where it is exposed through the hard medieval skin.As for the Celtic layer, even if many deep wells were dug, nothing could be found. ① Celts: The general term for many races in ancient Indo-Europe. They were scattered in Central Europe in the second millennium BC, occupying places equivalent to the present France, Britain, Spain, Northern Italy, the Balkans, and Asia Minor.Celtic art is characterized by the use of simplified lines for illustration, such as geometric figures, especially spiral figures, arcs and anti-curves, and various animals and plants are often used as the basis for decorative patterns.