Chapter 19 Notre Dame de Paris (2) Volume 3 Notre Dame de Paris (4)

Incidentally, most of this privilege, and others still better than the above-mentioned one, were forcibly wrested from the king by rebellion and rebellion.This is an ancient practice.Only when the people take it can the king have to lose it.An ancient document on loyalty to the king actually wrote bluntly: "Although the loyalty of the citizens to the king is sometimes interrupted by rebellion, it still produces the privileges of the citizens." It flows through five river islands: Rouvier Island, which was lush with trees at that time, but now only firewood is left; Part of one of the thirteen Universities of Paris. ② The original text is Latin.Cow Isle and Notre-Dame Isle are both desolate, with only one dilapidated house, and both are bishops' land (in the seventeenth century, the two islets were merged into one, and a great deal of construction was done on it, and it is now called Saint-Louis Ile ①) ; and finally the old city and the Niudu Island at its tip, which later sank under the earth embankment of the New Bridge.There were five bridges in the old city at that time, three on the right, namely the stone bridge of Notre Dame, the stone bridge of the money exchange office, and the wooden bridge of the mill; two on the left, namely the small stone bridge and the wooden bridge of Saint-Michel, with houses on the bridge .There are six gates built by Philippe-Augustus in the University City, starting from the small tower, namely St. Victor's Gate, Bodel Gate, Pope's Gate, St. Jacob's Gate, St. Germanic gate.There are six gates built by Charles V in the new city. Starting from the Fort Billy, they are the Porte Saint-Anton, the Temple, the Saint-Martin, the Saint-Denis, the Montmartre, and the Saint-Honoré.All these doors are both solid and beautiful, and beauty does not detract from their sturdiness.There is a ditch, wide and deep, which encircles the whole wall of Paris in the winter floods, swollen and swift; the water comes from the Seine.At night, the gates of the city are closed tightly, and a few thick iron chains are used to block the ditch at both ends of the city, so that Paris can sleep peacefully.

①The Ile of Saint-Louis is in the Seine River, and it is still there today. It faces the city island where Notre-Dame is located, but does not include the Ile of Notre-Dame. ② Refers to the late winter and early spring, when the ice melts and the Seine River rises. From a bird's-eye view, the three towns of Old Town, University Town, and New Town are all criss-crossed and messy, each like a knitted sweater that cannot be taken apart.However, at first glance, it can be seen that these three major parts still form a whole. There are only two parallel long streets, which continue to extend without hindrance, almost straight, from south to north, just perpendicular to the Seine River. , run through the three cities together, connect them, mix them, and continuously inject, pour and move the flow of people from one city into another city, so that the three cities become one.The first long street runs from Porte Saint-Jacques to Porte Saint-Martin, and is called Rue Saint-Jacques in the University City, Rue Judea in the Old Town, and Rue Saint-Martin in the New Town; this long street crosses the Seine The river twice, once named the Little Bridge, and the other time the Notre-Dame Bridge.The second long street is on the left bank, called the Harp Street, on the Old Town River Island, called the Rue Hoop, and on the right bank, called the Rue Saint-Denis. There is a bridge on each of the two branches of the Seine, and one is called Saint Miche The Pont de Erle, the other is the Pont de la Currency. This long street starts from the Porte Saint-Michel in the University City and ends at the Porte Saint-Denis in the New City.However, despite the different names, there are always only two streets.These are the two mother streets, the two reproductive streets, the two great arteries of Paris, feeding or retrieving blood to all the vessels, large and small, of the three cities.

In addition to the two main roads that run through the entire city of Paris and are shared by Kyoto, the New City and the University City each have a special street that runs through their respective cities and runs parallel to the Seine River. The arterial street crosses at right angles.In this way, in the Neuville, you can go straight from the Saint-Anton Gate to the Saint-Honoré Porte; in the University City, you can go from the Saint-Victor to the Saint-Germain Porte.These two boulevards intersect with the above-mentioned two long streets to form the general network on which the labyrinthine road network of Paris, densely packed in all directions and knotted, is based on the general network.However, as long as you pay attention, you can clearly see two bundles of streets from this indecipherable network map, one in the university town and the other in the new city, like two bunches of flowers, from each bridge to each city gate. phase open.

This geometric plan is still vaguely discernible today. Now, we might as well ask, what kind of picture was it like overlooking the whole city from the bell tower of Notre Dame Cathedral in 1482?This is what we shall endeavor to describe. Tourists climbed to the top of the bell tower panting, and the first thing they saw was a vast expanse of roofs, chimneys, streets, bridges, squares, spires and bell towers, which was dazzling.Everything rushes before the eyes: stone gables, pointed roofs, small towers suspended at the corners of the walls, stone pyramids, stone obelisks of the fifteenth century, the bare round main towers of castles, the elaborately decorated square towers of churches, Big ones, small ones, thick and thick ones, small and exquisite ones, come one after another, making people dizzying.As time goes by, my eyes are deeply immersed in this maze, and I am fascinated by you.In the labyrinth, from the last-class houses with carved beams and painted buildings on the facades, wooden structures on the outside roof trusses, oblate gates, and overhanging floors, to the magnificent Louvre with its towers and columns at that time, all of them were ingenious. , Reasonable, talented, beautiful, all are the crystallization of art.However, as our eyes gradually adjust to the jumble of buildings, we can still distinguish the main groups.

The first is the old city.In Sauval's terms, it is called "City Island", and sometimes there are some beautiful words in his messy writings: City Island is like a big ship sailing downstream to the middle of the Seine River, but it got stuck in the mud and ran aground.We have just said that in the fifteenth century this great ship was moored to the banks of the Seine by five bridges.This shape of a large ship has also shocked the heraldic writers, because, according to Farvin and Pasquier, the reason why the ancient city coat of arms of Paris used the ship as a coat of arms was due to this, and not to the Normans. Siege of Paris.Heraldry is always a mystery to those who are good at deciphering heraldry, and heraldry is a difficult language.

The whole history of the second half of the Middle Ages is written in coats of arms, just as the history of the first half is written in the symbols of the Roman church.This is the feudal hieroglyph following the theocratic hieroglyph. Therefore, the old city is the first thing that catches the eye with the stern facing east and the bow facing west.As soon as you turn to the bow, what you see in front of you is an endless ancient roof, like a group of cattle and sheep overwhelming the sky, and what emerges above it is the Queen of St. Chapel. Known in the world as Richard I the Fearless, he invaded the interior on a large scale and fought as far as Paris, forcing the French king to finally recognize him as the monarch of the Duchy of Normandy.

The lead dome of the temple, looking from a distance, looks like an elephant carrying the bell tower of the church on its back.A word here is that the spire of this bell tower pierces the sky like an arrow. It is the most daring, the most exquisitely carved, and the most exquisitely carved of all the spires of the bell tower.In front of Notre-Dame, just in front of it, three streets flow like three rivers into the Church Square, a beautiful square with ancient houses.On the south side of the square, the crumpled and gloomy front wall of the main palace hospital and the roof that looks like it is full of pustules and warts protrude from the brain.

On the right, on the left, on the east and on the west, in such a narrow city pool of the old city, there stand twenty-one church bell towers of different ages, shapes and sizes, from the so-called "Poseidon Prison" (carcer Glaucini) From the low, rotting campanula-shaped bell towers of Saint-Denis, in the Romanesque, to the needle-shaped bell towers of St.Behind Notre-Dame, to the north is the monastery of the Gothic promenade, and to the south is the semi-Romanesque The bishop's mansion, to the east is the barren point of the "site".In the overlapping houses, you can also distinguish the windows on the highest floors of the palaces from the hollow stone chimney caps that were so high on the roof at that time, and the Parisian government donated to Juvena during the reign of Charles VI. The mansion of de Ursin.A little farther on, the asphalted huts of the Palus market; beyond that, the new apse of the old Saint-Germain church, which was extended in 1458 to a section of the street of Feife; A crowded crossroads, a pillar of shame on a certain street corner, Philip—a beautiful cobblestone road left over from the Augustan era, with an arrow path clearly marked in the middle for galloping horses, but it was changed into a mess in the 16th century a gravel road, called the Rue des Confederations; and a deserted backyard with staircases of the kind that were often erected in the fifteenth century and can still be seen today in the Rue Bourdonnay with translucent turrets.Finally, to the right of the Holy Chapel, are the west-facing towers of the Palais de Justice on the water's edge.At the western end of the old city is the Royal Garden, with towering trees covering the small islet of Niutu. As for the Seine, looking down from the bell tower of Notre-Dame, you can almost only see the river on both sides of the old city.The Seine is hidden under the bridges, and the bridges are hidden under the houses.As far as the eye can see, the roofs of these bridges are so green that the mist of the Seine has prematurely covered them with moss.If one looks to the left toward the University City, the first building that comes into view is the thick towers of the Château, whose wide-open porch engulfs one end of the bridge.If you look from east to west, from the small tower to Naleta, you can see a long strip of houses, carved beams and painted buildings, stained glass windows, stacked on top of the stone road; you can also see the gables of a group of citizen houses, It twists and turns, with no end in sight, and is often cut off by a street intersection, and sometimes by the front or side of a stone-walled building; Among the narrow houses next to each other, it was like a lord caught between a large number of common people.There are five or six such mansions in the streets along the river, such as the Lorraine mansion which shares the large courtyard wall next to the small tower with the Bernardin monastery, and the Nale mansion, whose main tower just marks the boundary of Paris, the black triangle The pointed roof of the palace covers a corner of the red sunset for three months of the year.

① There were houses built on the bridge at that time, here refers to the roof of the house on the bridge.