Chapter 41 Notes to Chapter 3

[1] Aristotle believes that every object, every single object, is composed of two primitives (substance and form). For example, a bronze statue is made of copper with a certain form. [2] "The marks of various things" are the words of the German mystic Jacob Bohme (1575-1624). [3] The Irish philosopher, physicist and bishop George Berkeley (1685-1753) proposed in "A New Treatise on Vision" (1709) that what we see are nothing but "colored marks", but we regard them as the object itself. [4] The original text of "Mentor of the Learned" is Italian, referring to Aristotle, see Dante's "Divine Comedy Inferno" Chapter 4.

[5], [7], [8] The original texts are in German, and they all use the words of the German dramatist and critic Gottold Ephraim Lessing (1725-1871).He believes that what painting deals with is the juxtaposition (static) of objects (in space), while action (that is, things that last in time) is a unique theme for poetry.See Chapters 15 and 16 of Laocoon, translated by Zhu Guangqian, People's Literature Publishing House, 1979 edition. [6] The phrase "on the verge of..." is quoted from Act 1, Scene 4 of "Hamlet". [9] Master (Los) is the god in Blake's Book of Masters (1795).

[l0] The original text is Greek, and it is the Creator of the World recorded in Plato’s Timaeus. [11] The Dunes is the seafront southeast of the city of Dublin. [12] The original text is Madelinethemare, which is similar in pronunciation to the name of Madeleine Lemaire (1845-1928), a French watercolor painter who was still alive at the time.Just changed Le in the original name to the.When quoting below, the word Ma was removed, and it was translated as "Dalin". [13] Originally in Italian. [14] "Eternal to die, and to the world of the world"" are the last two sentences of "Ode to the Glory of the Holy Trinity".

[15] Originally in German. [16] The free zone originally refers to the area near the church territory in the feudal era, which is not under the jurisdiction of the governor, hence the name.Later, the scope gradually narrowed, and in 1904, only the slums around St. Patrick's Cathedral in the center of Dublin on the south bank of the Liffey River remained. [17] The original text is Greek.See Chapter 1 Note [84]. [18] The City of Eden is Stephen's name for the Garden of Eden.Aleph and Alpha are the transliterations of the initials of the Hebrew and Greek alphabets respectively, which are equivalent to a in English.

[19] The original text is Heva, which means life in Hebrew, and is the earliest name for Eve. [2O] "The Old Testament Song of Solomon" Chapter 7, Section 2: "Your waist is like a pile of wheat, surrounded by lilies." [21] For the phrase "from everlasting to everlasting", see Section 2 of Psalm 4, Psalm 90. [22] Here, the words in the Nicene Creed are reversed, and the original words refer to Jesus: "He was born, not created." [23] The original text is Latin, from Thomas Aquinas's "Summa Theology" (written in 1265-1273). [24] "Try to show your skills", from what Prince Hamlet said to his mother in her bedroom.It originally refers to the monkey in the fable trying to show off its skills and went to the roof to open the cage door.See Hamlet, Act 3, Scene 4.

[25] This is a compound word created by the author, consisting of thirty-six letters.Remove the word "Holy Eucharist" from the term "Holy Eucharist" that advocates the Trinity, and insert "variant" and "praise" between "coexistence" and "theory" (referring to the hymn of the Virgin Mary) "Attack" "Jewish" and other words.Intended to allude to the confusion caused by different interpretations of doctrine in early Christianity. [26] The original text is Latin.Arius died suddenly in a Constantinople street latrine while negotiating with the Church on reconciliation.

[27] The pastor is the title of a bishop.Arius is a Christian priest and former elder of the Alexandria Church.Instead of being promoted to bishop, he was declared a heretic and removed from office in 321. [28] Arius is here compared to a husband, and the bishop's office to a wife. [29] The original text is Latin.This is the white silk embroidered sash worn by the bishop. It stretches from the neck to the left shoulder, and the lower end hangs down to the knee. [30] "The wind that pierces the skin" comes from Horatio's words to Hamlet on the terrace.See Hamlet, Act 1, Scene 4.

[31] That is, Manannan McLear, the sea god who can change shape at will in Irish mythology.It is said that the Isle of Man (also translated as the Isle of Man, see Note [50] in Chapter Six) is named after this god.Ma Nannan manages the island paradise, protects the sailors, and guarantees a good harvest. [32] Sally is a nickname for Sarah.According to Elman's "James Joyce" (p. 19), Sully and her husband Rich Goulding, Joyce's great aunt Josephine Giltrapp Murray and A character created by her husband, William Murray.William worked as an accountant at the law firm of Corliss & Ward.He and his brother-in-law Simon have broken off.His younger brother was a cornet player named John.See Note [124] in Chapter 10.

[33] West is a nickname for Simon.This is the greeting from the Rich family, and "I'm married to some people! . . . " is Simon talking about the Rich family behind their backs. [34] The phrase "Honorable... boatman" comes from the operetta "Punto" co-edited by British comedy writer William Schwenk Gilbert (1836-1911) and composer Arthur Sullivan (1842-1900). The Boatman" (1889).Simon used this as a derogatory term for his two brothers-in-law. [35] See Chapter 11, Section 35 of John's Gospel. [36] "A safe place" comes from Banquo's words to Duncan, King of Scotland.See Macbeth, Act 1, Scene 6.

[37] In the 1989 edition of Hyde Press (page 32, the last line), there is a sentence "sit down and take a walk" (an Irish idiom, referring to taking a walk) under "good morning".But Shakespeare House in Paris published in 1922, Odyssey Press in 1935, Hyde Press in 1976, Garland Press in New York "Penguin Books" in 1984 and British "Penguin 20th Century Classics". The 1992 edition of "Series" does not have this sentence. [38] and the "subpoena to bring physical evidence to court" in the previous article are both in Latin.It is a poem written by Wilde in 1881 in memory of his dead sister.

[39] Chippendale was an eighteenth-century English furniture master whose name has become synonymous with English Rococo furniture.The most famous Chippendale style is the broad ribbon chair.Here, Rich is clearly bragging. [40] The original text is Italian, and here it refers to the first song sung by the hero Ferrando after his appearance in the famous work "The Troubadour" (1853) by the Italian opera composer Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) Aria "Farewell Song".The first sentence is: "Be careful!" [41] Refers to the family from which Ferrando was born.He is a loyal defender of this "declining house". [42] The Marsh Library is in the grounds of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. [43] Joachim Abbas (about 1130-about 1202), that is, Joachim of Fiore, Italian mystic and theologian.He was the abbot of the monastery of Corrazzo.His prophecies about the thirteenth century were recognized by the Franciscan spiritualists in the mid-thirteenth century, as well as in many orders before the sixteenth century. [44] Refers to the British novelist Jonathan Swift (1667-1745).From the end of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century, Western literary critics generally believed that Swift hated human beings, and finally led to a nervous breakdown.In fact, what he really hates is the corruption and crime of the upper class.He suffered from Meniere's disease in his early years, coupled with his deafness in his later years, he became paralyzed after a serious illness in 1742. [45] Hu Yimu is the wise horse in Swift's fable novel "Gulliver's Travels" (1726).The highly rational Zhima live in a patriarchal commune, and all members enjoy equal rights. [46] Campbell the Fox and Long Jaws were two nicknames children gave to a Jesuit priest.See Chapter 4 of "Portraits of Artists in Youth". [47] The furious archdeacon refers to Swift.In 1713 Queen Anne appointed him Vicar of St Patrick's Cathedral.He was buried in the churchyard after his death. [48] ​​These are the words in the prophecy of Joachim, originally written in Latin. "Old Testament - Second Kings" Chapter 2, Section 23 has a description of young people mocking the prophet Elisha as bald. [49] Originally in Latin. [50] Eucharistic light is a golden container for believers to pay respect to the consecrated Eucharist. The Eucharist is inlaid in the center to make the sun shine. [51] The basilisk is an animal that haunts the African desert in Xixi mythology, and its gaze or breath is enough to kill people. [52] See Chapter 32, Section 14 of "Old Testament Deuteronomy": "I also eat butter from cows, milk from sheep...and the best wheat, and drink wine made from grape juice." [53] When the priest exalts the Eucharist, the deacon rings the bell. [54] Dan Occam, Dan (dan) is the old name of Mr. William Occam (about 1285-1349), a British scholastic theologian.He is the most famous representative of nominalism, arguing that the existence of God and other religious beliefs cannot be proved by reason, they are purely based on faith; and that the reason why the Eucharist represents the body of Jesus is based on faith, not Rely on rationality. (See Chapter 1 note [7] ) In this paragraph, Stephen thought of Occam's argument, after all, there is only one body of Christ, how could it represent the Eucharist held simultaneously in various churches. [55] The Isle of the Sage was the name given to Ireland in the Middle Ages. [56] Snakeroots Boulevard is in the dunes, on the southeastern outskirts of Dublin. [57] Originally in Italian. [58] Howth is a peninsula in Dublin County, Ireland. The strait is composed of ancient quartzite and shale, and is connected to the land by a raised beach.It is both a fishing port and a summer resort."Top Deck Seat" hereinafter refers to the upper deck of a double-decker public vehicle. [59] Joyce wrote in his early work Stephen the Hero (published posthumously in 1944): Appearance refers to the sudden manifestation of latent inspiration in concrete form. [60] Pique della Mirandola (1463-1494), Italian scholar, Platonist philosopher.He defended Christian theology with the theory of mystical philosophy. He collected 900 papers from Greek, Hebrew, Arabic and Latin writings, 13 of which were denounced as heresy by the Holy See.One of his treatises discussing the shortcomings of astrology influenced the seventeenth-century scientist Kepler. [61] This is what Polonius, the former royal minister, answered Prince Hamlet in Act 3, Scene 2 of "Hamlet".The prince said that the clouds looked like whales, and the minister followed suit.The meaning of this phrase here is: "Oh, isn't it." [62] "Crushing countless stones", to paraphrase what Edgar said standing on the cliff, see "King Lear", Act 4, Scene 6. [63] Refers to a major achievement in the history of the British Navy.In 1588, Spain sent an invincible fleet of 130 warships to the Strait of Dover to invade England.However, under the resistance of the British, it was severely damaged, and it detoured north to Scotland and fled to Ireland. In the end, only 76 ships returned to Spain.Here, Stephen associates the rotten wood under his feet with the wrecks of the ships that were destroyed along the coast of Ireland. [64] Sea fire refers to phosphorus-containing ghost fire. The sentences in [ ] are supplementary translations based on Hyde’s 1989 edition (lines 27 to 28 on page 34). [65] Linsend is a small fishing village on the east bank of the city of Dublin, at the mouth of the Liffey, which flows into the Dublin Bay. [66] Pigeon House was originally a hexagonal fortress, which was later changed to Dublin Hydropower Station. [67] These two dialogues are originally written in French.It was Joseph who asked the question, and Mary, his fiancée, who answered.According to Chapter 1 of the Gospel of Luke, before marriage, Mary became pregnant because the Holy Spirit of God descended on her.The dove is a symbol of the Holy Spirit of God. [68] In February 1689, the British Parliament announced the abdication of King James II.In February, James arrived in Ireland, where Parliament met in Dublin to recognize him as king.Later, however, he was defeated, and the Royalists fled to the Continent.They are called "wild geese".Later, the term became a general term for Irish exiles who fled to the European continent. [69] According to Richard Ellman's "James Joyce" p. 24, Kevin Egan's prototype is John Kelly.He appeared as John Casey in the book Portrayal of the Artist in Youth.According to Casey, he participated in the Finney Club (see Note [54] in Chapter Two), and then went into exile in Paris.Joyce saw him often in Paris in 1903.Cayce's son, Patrice, was serving in the French army and sometimes attended Joyce's meetings with Cayce. [70] Buck Mulligan sang that morning with the line "Daddy's a bird."The bird refers to the symbol of the Holy Spirit of God - the dove. [71], [72], [73] were originally written in French. [74] Jules Michelet (1798-1874), a historian of French nationalism and romanticism.His two books (1858) and The Woman (1860) are a hodgepodge of pornography and didacticism.He also described female fighters who participated in the French Revolutionary Movement in his works. [75] The author of "The Life of Jesus" (1884) was the French-born Jesuit Gabriel Jougand-Pec (1854-1907), whose pseudonym was Leo Taxil, who wrote Church-bashing pamphlets. [76] The original texts of the above three dialogues are all in French. [77] Originally in German. [78] P・C・N・are the first words of physics, chemistry and biology in French respectively. [79], [80] were originally written in French. [8l] "Egyptian Meat Pot" represents delicious food. Chapter 16, Section 3 of "Old Testament Exodus" has the phrase "In Egypt, we can at least eat meat around the meat pot". [82] Originally in French. [83] The original text is French, imitating the tone of "I am the country" of King Louis XIV of France, which contains irony. [84] and [85] were originally written in French. [86] Gaolongban, see Note [31] in Chapter Two. [87] St. Fiac is a saint who protects gardening. He was born in Ireland and died in France around 670. [88] John Duns Scotus (approximately 1266-1308), a scholastic theologian born in Scotland and a teacher of Dan Occam (see note [54] in this chapter), advocated combining faith and rationally combined. [89] "Three-legged stool like a needle carpet", the original text is creepystools, the three-legged stool that believers sit on during confession in the Church of Scotland. [90] Newhaven is a town in the east of England at the mouth of the Ouse River, facing the English Channel, and it is the port that Stephen must pass through when going to and from France. [91] Originally in French. [92] This was a light weekly magazine popular in Paris at the time. [98] At that time, a light-hearted magazine "Life in Red Shorts" was popular in Paris.French "red shorts" (Culotte Rouge) is also a common name for "camp prostitutes". [94] Here Stephen recalled what Buck Mulligan had said to him that morning.The second half of the sentence is "I have any dealings with you", see the note [16] in Chapter 1 and the relevant text. [95] Excerpted from the song "Matthew Hannigan's Aunt" by Irish pop songwriter Percy French (1854-1920).In the original song, "Mulligan" is changed to "Hannigan". [96] Originally in Italian. [97]－[100] The original text is French.Brittany is a planned region on the peninsula of the same name in northwestern France. [101] Green Goblin is the common name for absinthe, and white for milk. [102] The original text is Parisian slang.Literally translated, it means "Come and half Saitiya".Setiah is the ancient fasheng.One settier equals about two gallons. [103], [104] are originally written in French. [105] The original text is Latin, referring to sweets after meals. [106] Originally in Irish. [107] The Darcasian family was a royal family in Munster, Ireland in the Middle Ages. [108] Arthur Griffiths (1872-1922), Irish politician, the first president of the Irish Free State (1922).Originally worked as a typesetter in Dublin.In 1899, he founded the weekly "Irish United Newspaper" with the theme of fighting for the independence of the Irish nation.In 1905, he organized Sinn Fein, an Irish nationalist political party, and renamed the newspaper "Xin Fein" in the following year; Ireland".See Note [34] in Chapter 1. [lO9] The sentences in [] are supplementary translations based on the Hyde 1989 edition (lines 15 to 16 on page 36). A·E· is the Irish poet, critic and painter George William Russell (1867-1935), who was one of the instructors of the Irish Renaissance movement alive at that time.Together with Yeats, John Eglinton and others, he published the "Irish Theosophist" magazine, using the pen name of AEON (Yi Chung, see Note [49] in Chapter 9).Once, he was misclassified as A・E・, so he made a mistake and used it as his other pseudonym.Pimandel is the god who imparts secret meanings, see the note [458] in Chapter 15. [110] The good shepherd was originally what Jesus said (see "John Chapter 10, Section 11: "I am the Good Shepherd"), and here is the praise of Griffiths and Russell, including " A good leader".Russell is also a patriot of Ireland. He organized the Irish Agricultural Cooperation Movement and actively participated in the independence movement. [111] Édouard Adolphe Drummont (1844-1917), a French journalist, whose "Freedom of Speech" newspaper advocated the exclusion of Jews. [112], [113] were originally written in French. [114] Maude Gunne (1865-1953), Irish patriot, actress, and one of the founders of Sinn Féin. [115] Originally written in French, it is a political magazine founded in 1841. [116] Lucien Milivoy (1850-1918), a French politician, has been the editor-in-chief of the "Fatherland" magazine since 1894. [117] Felix Faure (1841-1899), the sixth president of the French Third Republic.Died on the bed of his mistress on February 16, 1899. [118] Uppsala is the capital of Uppsala Province in east-central Sweden, north of Stockholm. [119] Originally in Swedish. [120]－[122] The original text is French. [123] The green-eyed monster’s sketch, referring to jealousy, comes from what Iago said to Othello, see "Othello", Act 3, Scene 3. [124] Fang is short for Green Goblin Fang, so called because of its strong nature, and was banned in Paris in 1915.See note [101] in this chapter. [125] The Dawn Party was a party organized by Protestants in Ulster, Ireland at the end of the eighteenth century.They attempted to drive Catholic farmers out of Ulster, often raiding their farmhouses at dawn, hence the name.The Orange Belt Party (see Note [53] in Chapter Two) inherited their mantle. [126] The core leader refers to James Stephens, see Note [54] in Chapter Two. [127] Woollahide is a village nine miles north of the city of Dublin. [128] Here, Robert Browning (1812-1889)'s "The Defeated Chief" (1845) is used here, but the singular in the original poem is changed to plural. [129] Celtic patriarchs choose their successors from among the oldest or most capable. [130] Clerkenwell is an adjoining area of ​​the British London Borough of Islington.On March 5 and 6, 1867, members of the Finney Society staged an uprising.It failed due to lack of weapons and poor organization.In September of that year, Colonel Richard O'Sullivan Burke was arrested and imprisoned for purchasing weapons under the entrustment of the Finney Society.Before the public trial, members of the Finney Society blew up the prison in order to allow him and Egan (see note [69] in this chapter) to escape from the prison (they had been told to hide in the corner in advance to avoid being injured).Many people were killed and injured that time, but the prison authorities received a tip-off and temporarily changed the release time, so the escape plan failed. [131], [132], [134] are originally in French. [133] Pat was a nickname for Patrice. [135] Kilkenny is the capital of County Kilkenny, Ireland.Sixty-three miles south of Dublin is the twelfth-century St. Carnich's Cathedral.St. Canick (also known as St. Kenny, died about 599) was a missionary in Ireland and Scotland.A Kilkenny name from the church in his honor.In Irish, Keele means church.Strongbow was the nickname of Richard de Clair, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (c. 1130-1176).He was originally a South Wales aristocrat, and with the approval of King Henry II, he occupied the whole of Ireland. [136] Napper Tandy (1740-1803), Irish politician, revolutionist and patriot.In 1791, he participated in the founding of a branch of the United Irishmen in Dublin.After exile in France.In 1798, the French government sent him back to Ireland to recruit an army against the British.After landing and turning back, he was arrested on the way to Hamburg and extradited to Britain.Released at Napoleon's request. "Oh, oh. Napper Tandy took my hand" is a line from the Irish ballad "In Green," which became popular in 1790.The original author is unknown, but it was compiled by Irish-American composer and playwright Dane Butchcourt (1822-1890). [137] Zion was the east of the two mountains within the city of Jerusalem. In the Bible, Zion is often used to represent the city of Jerusalem, and later used to refer to the homeland of the Jews.Here, Zion is used to insinuate occupied Ireland. Verse 1 of Psalm 137 reads: "We sit by the river Babylon and weep at the thought of Zion!" [138] Kish is a sandbar at the southern mouth of Dublin Bay. [139] Master Black Panther refers to Haynes.Since Buck Mulligan followed Haines all day, he was compared here to a hound.See the beginning of Chapter 1. [140] At the end of this jetty there is a lighthouse called Pulberg. [141] Here Stephen speaks of Hamlet as himself.In Act 1, Scene 4 of Hamlet, Horatio advises Hamlet not to follow the ghost lest he be lured into the tide. [142]Louis Viio (1813-1883), French writer, leader of Pope supremacists.Theophile Gautier (1811-1872), French poet, novelist, critic, and journalist. "Bury... the car", the original text is French.In "The Real Poets of Paris," Viiot says of Gautier's "poor prose...all that exaggeration makes his sentences look like stagecoachs buried in the sand." [143] Frank Boutier pointed out in the book "James Joyce and the Writing of Ulysses" (Oxford University Press, 1989) that the giant Sir Lauter was a legend fabricated by Joyce himself .He also told Butern: "My giant Sir Laut has a mouth full of stones instead of teeth, so he can't speak clearly." (See pages 52-53 of the book) [144] The original text is "thetwomaries".In Australia, mary acts as a lady.If the first letter is capitalized, it is Mary. "Hiding among the cattails," alluding to the child they hid, 2:3: "She ... put the child in a basket, and hid the basket among the reeds by the river." (cf. VII. Chapter Note [211]) [145] The People of the Lake is the Irish name for the Norse who invaded Ireland from AD 787 onwards. [146] "In the days when Malachi wore the golden collar", from the poem "Let Irene remember the old days" by Irish poet Thomas Moore (1779-1852).Malachi (948-1022) was an Irish king who fought hard against Scandinavian invaders and took the "Tomar's Collar" for armor from the neck of a Danish chieftain he defeated.Irene is the ancient name of Ireland, see Note [46] in Chapter Seven. [147] In 1331, when there was a great famine in Dublin, a large number of whales washed ashore at Dodle, not far from the mouth of the Liffey.People slaughtered about two hundred of them.In 1338, an extremely thick ice formed on the Liffey River, which allowed football to be played and campfires to be lit.In 1739 there was ice thick enough for people to play on it. [148] Originally in Latin.See Psalm 66, verse 3. [l49] The slave of fate refers to Buck Mulligan in the yellow vest; Cleopatra's comment about Anthony is paraphrased here: "Since he is not fate, he is just a slave of fate..." See "Anthony With Cleopatra, Act 5, Scene 2. [l50] The Bruce is an ancient family in Scotland.Bruce's younger brother refers to Edward, the younger brother of Robert de Bruce (1274-1329), who became King of Scotland in 1306.He invaded Ireland instead of his elder brother, proclaimed himself King of Ireland in 1215, and was defeated by King Edward II of England in 1318 and died in battle. [151]Thomas Fitzgerald (1513-1537), the tenth Earl of Kildare in Ireland, was named because he ordered his servants to add silk decorations to their hats.In 1534 he rebelled against Henry VIII and took Dublin.After the defeat of the Anti-British War, he was hanged. [152] Perkin Warbeck (about 1474-1499), a political crook, was born in Flanders.He went to Ireland in 1491, claiming to be Richard, Duke of York, and coveting the throne of England's Tudor Henry VII.He was captured and hanged. [153] Lambert Simnell (1475?-1535?), pretender to the throne of England.Originally the son of a joiner in Oxford, he pretended to be a prince in Dublin and ascended the throne, calling himself Edward VI.After being captured, Henry VII thought he was just a liar and let him work in the royal kitchen. [154] He refers to Mulligan. [155] According to the ninth story of Buccaccio's sixth day, the Italian poet Guido Cavalcanti (about 1255-1300) traveled from St. Michael's Basilica in Florence to St. John's Chapel. hovering.A group of gentlemen came and laughed at him.He said to them: "You are in your old home, so I can say whatever you like." The purpose was to ridicule them for being ignorant and incompetent, and they are worse than dead people. "The hometown of..." should be "the hometown of death".When applying it here, change the identity of the mocker to a courtier. [156] Originally in German. [157] She refers to Stephen's mother. [158] According to Richard Elman's James Joyce (p. 49), Joyce had his first prostitution at the age of fourteen. [159] Harun Rashid (763-809), the caliph (head of state and religion) of the Abbasid dynasty in the Islamic country.He likes to visit in the capital Baghdad in a low-clothes to understand the people's sentiments.There are many stories about him and his son Maimun when they were in power.The reign of Maimun (813-833) can be called the golden age of Arab civilization. [160] Here, the Egyptians refer to the Gypsies. [161] Romeville refers to London, which is an argot in the seventeenth century, and the original text is Romeville.Rome (or rum) means the best; ville (ville) is a transliteration of the French "city". [162] This is the second stanza of the 17th-century English poet Richard Head's poem "The Ruffian Loves to Praise the Concubine Who Travels Together" (1673).In the previous article, "the villain and the concubine who made the world together", "following her husband as a spouse, walking towards Romeville", "kissing her and speaking quack dialect, holding her in my arms. Oh, my amorous pretty girl!", etc. The sentences are also from the poem. [l63] Gloomy pleasure is the word Aquinas used in the Summa Theologica to refer to the sin of evil thoughts. [164] Originally in Italian.Porcupines are also called porcupines, named after Aquinas' sharp arguments and not easily refuted. [165] The sword refers to the "flaming sword that turns around" placed on the east side of the Garden of Eden by God in order to prevent people from approaching the tree of life after Adam and Eve were driven out of the Garden of Eden for stealing the forbidden fruit.See Genesis 3:24.In the taxi at dusk, see the lyric drama (Greece) (1821, 1822) of the British poet Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822). [166] These four characters are German, French, English, and Italian, all of which mean "drag", and the ending changes follow the English way of writing.This is a metaphor for Eve's punishment for eating the forbidden fruit first: "I will greatly increase your pains of pregnancy and labor pains." See Chapter 3, Section 16 of Genesis. [167] The original text is Greek. [168] The original text is Lawen.See Psalm 65, verse 2. [169] "He came...to kiss", these four sentences are the Irish writer, scholar, and first president Douglas Hyde (1860-1949) translated into English from "My Sorrows at Sea" (Income Connaught's Love Songs), a scholarly work published in 1895) from the finishing touches of a poem. [170] These two sentences echo the phrase "Where is my notebook? I must write it down" in Act 1, Scene 5 of "Hamlet". [171] This sentence echoes the phrase in "Romeo and Juliet", Act 2, Scene 2, "The earth is the loving mother of all kinds of life and chemistry, and she is also the tomb that hides all kinds of life". [172] Darkness shines in light, see Note [37] in Chapter Two. [173] Cassiopeia is one of the circumpolar constellations, opposite to Ursa Major.The five bright stars in the seat are connected by lines, resembling the Latin letter W. [174] George Berkeley (see note [3] in this chapter) is Bishop of Cloin (a small town in County Cork).He proposed in "New Theory of Vision" that distance is not "seen" but "conceived".Stephen stated some of his thoughts in the following text (see Note [691] in Chapter 15 and related text). [175] In the beginning of Chapter 5 of the book "Portrait of the Artist in Youth", Stephen's friend Da Wen told him about the experience of meeting "pheasant" on the road.Outside of his family, Davin was the only one who used the nickname Stevie for Stephen. [176] Originally in Italian. [177] In the library at noon that day, Stephen made this explanation: "Love—yes. A word that everyone knows." See Chapter Nine Note[231] and related text. [178] The original text is Lawen, see Chapter 1, Section 31 of Genesis. [179] Originally in French. [180] "Welcome Like Mayflower" is a song written and composed by Dan J. Sullivan.This sentence is repeated twice in the song. [181] Pan is a god of fertility in Greek mythology who looks a bit like a wild beast. He often goes to the mountains to graze and is good at playing the flute. [182] "The Afternoon of the Faun" (1876-1877) is a poetic drama by the French Symbolist poet Stephen Mallarme (1842-1898).Under his influence, the French composer Claude Aikeli Debussy (1862-1918) composed the orchestral piece (1894) of the same name. [183] ​​Refers to Buck Mulligan. One of the meanings of Buck (Buck) is Playboy. [184] Originally in German. [185] Majestic ritual dance, originally in Latin. [186] Originally in French. [187] Wilde was sentenced to two years in prison for being accused of having a homosexual relationship with young Alfred Douglas. "Love that can't be explained", referring to homosexuality, comes from the poem "Two Grades of Love" written by Douglas. [188] Here is a paraphrase of Brand's words in Act 2, Scene 2 of Henrik Ibsen's (1828-1906) poetic drama "Brand" (1866): "My request is: 'Either have nothing, or get everything.'” [189] Lough Cork is located south of Dublin Harbour. [190] The third sentence of the song about Mary Ann is used here, please refer to the note [60] in Chapter 1 and the relevant text. [191] St. Ambrose (about 339-397), the ancient Christian Latin godfather.Adept at expressing his faith through music, he practiced abstinence, denounced social ills, and often pleaded for pardon for the convicted. [192] Originally in Latin.From The Commentary on Romans by Ross, St. Ann.This is an explanation of Paul's "Romans" chapter 8, verse 22 ("Until now, all creation has groaned in pain, as if in labor pains"). "It" refers to the created. (193] "The depths of your...." Quoted from the song sung by Ariel the Elf, see The Tempest, Act 1, Scene 2. "He says it is one o'clock," see Note[122] and about the text. [194] God became a man (see "John's Gospel" Chapter 20, Section 21: "Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God."), and man became a fish (the early Christian church regarded fish as a symbol of Christ) , the fish turned into black geese (people in the Middle Ages were superstitious that black geese were changed from aquatic organisms), and the black geese turned into mountains of down mattresses (goose feathers can be used to make down mattresses, and the Dublin flock south of Dublin) Another Feather Mountain). [195] The song sung by Ariel the Elf contains the words "the miraculous change of the sea," see The Tempest, Act 1, Scene 2. [196] Originally in French.This is a pun.The Paris Prize originally referred to the grand prize at the Paris Jockey Club. Paris (Paris) has the same spelling as the name of Prince Paris of Troy, so PrixdeParis can be interpreted as "Paris' Award" - that is, Paris gave the golden apple to the goddess Aphrodite as a reward. Acquired the beauty Helen.This incident eventually caused Odysseus (that is, Ulysses) to almost drown in the sea many times on his way home. [197] "I am thirsty" is what Jesus said when he was about to die after being crucified on the cross.See John 19:28. [198] According to the 27th chapter of the Gospel of Matthew, darkness covered the earth when Jesus was dying. [199] Originally in Latin.Hyosung is Jesus himself.See Revelation Chapter 22, Verse 16: "I (Jesus) am the bright morning star." [200] Refers to Satan.See Luke Chapter 10, Verse 18: "Jesus said to them, 'I saw Satan fall from heaven like lightning.'" [2O1] This sentence imitates the song sung by Ophelia: "The felt hat is on the head and the staff is in the hand, and a pair of straw sandals are worn." See "Hamlet", Act 4, Scene 5. [202] The story written in this book happened on June 16 (Thursday), so next Tuesday refers to the 21st (summer solstice), which is the longest day in the northern hemisphere. [203] This is a half line in the poem "May Queen" (1833) written by the British poet Tennyson (1809-1892).The full sentence is: "In the happy new year, mother, this is the most frenzied and joyous day." The Queen of May refers to the girl who plays the queen in the May Day Carnival. [204] Tennyson was favored by Queen Victoria for writing a series of poems "In Memoriam" (1850), who named him Poet Laureate.In 1884 he also received a baronetship.Those who receive honors are given the title of Lord (Lord) before their surnames.Here, the author changes Lord to the similarly pronounced Lawn (grassland), which is an abbreviation for lawn tennis, which is a metaphor for the poet's weak character. [205] The ugly woman refers to Queen Victoria. [206], [208] were originally written in Italian. [207] Drummond, see note [111] in this chapter. [209] Here Stephen is recalling what Buck Mulligan had said that morning on the waterfront.See Chapter 1 note [127] and related text. [210] This is the tone of juggling. [2l1] This sailing ship is mentioned again in Chapter 10, see Note [199] of that chapter and related text.